Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310010
Alexey I. Laishevtsev, Pavel N. Shastin, Anastasia V. Supova, Vasily A. Savinov, Ekaterina G. Ezhova
The article reveals one of the promising methods of combating antimicrobial resistance in agriculture, medicine, food industry and other fields – endolysins (enzymes of bacteriophages). The history of the origin, discovery, and production of endolysins is displayed. The mechanism of action of endolysins is shown – destruction of the peptidoglycan layer at the end of the lytic cycle of phage reproduction. The results of endolysin studies in recent years have been searched using the Internet resources Scopus, Web of science, Elibrary, Pub Med and others. Analysis of the literature showed that endolysins are divided into 5 groups depending on the cleavable installation in the peptidoglycan – acetylmuramidase, transglycosidase, glucosaminidase, amidase, endopeptidase. The introduction of endolysins is important - intravenous, intraperitoneal, transnasal, transnasal, vaginal. To date, endolysins effective against such pathogens as Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus suis, Streptococcus equi, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus anthracis and a number of other pathogens have been studied. Thus, the analysis shows that endolysins can be effective tools in the fight against infectious diseases of animals and safe to use.
本文介绍了在农业、医药、食品工业等领域具有广阔应用前景的抗微生物药物耐药性方法之一——噬菌体内溶素。展示了内溶素的起源、发现和生产的历史。显示了内溶素的作用机制-在噬菌体繁殖的裂解周期结束时破坏肽聚糖层。近年来有关内溶素的研究成果可以通过互联网资源Scopus、Web of science、library、Pub Med等进行检索。文献分析表明，根据肽聚糖-乙酰酶、转糖苷酶、葡萄糖苷酶、氨基酶、内肽酶的可切割安装，内溶酶可分为5类。内溶素的引入很重要——静脉、腹腔、经鼻、经鼻、阴道。迄今为止，已经研究了对金黄色葡萄球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、粪肠球菌、猪链球菌、马链球菌、产气荚膜梭菌、炭疽芽孢杆菌等病原体有效的内溶素。因此，分析表明，内溶素可以成为对抗动物传染病的有效工具，并且可以安全使用。
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