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Localized nature-based solutions for enhanced climate resilience and community wellbeing in urban informal settlements 基于自然的本地化解决方案,增强城市非正式住区的气候适应能力和社区福祉
3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2023.2277248
Darryn McEvoy, Ata Tara, Mittul Vahanvati, Serene Ho, Kim Gordon, Alexei Trundle, Cyril Rachman, Yuyun Qomariyah
Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are considered to hold promise for addressing the pressing and multi-faceted challenges of climate resilience. Addressing this contemporary agenda, this research paper explores the potential value of NbS in urban contexts based on the experience of implementing four NbS pilots to address climate adaptation and disaster risk reduction in an informal settlement in Honiara, Solomon Islands. The project, funded by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA), employed an inclusive co-production approach, with the project team engaging closely with community members and local stakeholders throughout the planning, design and implementation stages. Findings reinforce the importance of long-term engagement and trust-building with members of the community and also underscore the value of empowering local partners in project design and implementation in Pacific Island Nations. The paper details the local processes that were involved and highlights the key insights and lessons learned from the proof-of-concept project which can usefully inform the scaling up of NbS initiatives to achieve multiple benefits in other similar urban contexts in the Global South.
基于自然的解决方案(NbS)被认为有望应对气候适应能力的紧迫和多方面挑战。针对这一当代议程,本研究论文基于在所罗门群岛霍尼亚拉的一个非正式定居点实施四个国家统计局试点以解决气候适应和减少灾害风险的经验,探讨了国家统计局在城市背景下的潜在价值。该项目由瑞典国际发展合作署(SIDA)资助,采用包容性合作方式,项目团队在整个规划、设计和实施阶段与社区成员和当地利益相关者密切合作。调查结果强调了与社区成员长期接触和建立信任的重要性,并强调了在太平洋岛国的项目设计和实施中赋予当地合作伙伴权力的价值。本文详细介绍了所涉及的当地流程,并强调了从概念验证项目中获得的关键见解和经验教训,这些见解和经验教训可以为扩大国家统计局倡议的规模提供有用的信息,从而在南半球其他类似的城市环境中实现多重效益。
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引用次数: 0
Governing for a safe and just future with science-based targets: opportunities and limitations 以科学为基础的目标治理安全和公正的未来:机遇与局限
3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2023.2264255
Lauren Gifford, Diana Liverman, Joyeeta Gupta, Lisa Jacobson
This paper reflects on the work of the Earth Commission and the Global Commons Alliance to include climate and environmental justice in establishing biophysical targets to stabilize the Earth system. Targets include those for global temperature (e.g. 1.5°C), biodiversity (e.g. % protected or natural land), surface and groundwater and nutrient pollution (e.g. phosphorus load). We discuss whether and how to define Earth system justice in relation to planetary targets and related levers of transformation, how we identify measures of what is just, and reflect on whether target setting itself is a neoliberal process. We examine how science can identify targets that subsequently inform policies that may inadvertently increase, rather than decrease, inequalities, such as those associated with neoliberal policies of commodification, privatization, top-down conservation and globalization. Can the operationalization of targets enable deep transformations needed to stabilize the Earth system and ensure just access for all, or will they be used for business as usual? We draw on collaborations with members of the social science working group of the Earth Commission to focus not only on possibilities for just targets but on radical transformations for a safe and just planet where harm is minimized and access to wellbeing is possible for all.
本文反映了地球委员会和全球公地联盟的工作,将气候和环境正义纳入建立生物物理目标以稳定地球系统。目标包括全球温度(例如1.5°C)、生物多样性(例如受保护或自然土地的百分比)、地表水和地下水以及营养物污染(例如磷负荷)。我们将讨论是否以及如何根据行星目标和相关的转型杠杆来定义地球系统正义,我们如何确定正义的衡量标准,并反思目标设定本身是否是一个新自由主义过程。我们研究了科学如何确定目标,这些目标随后为可能无意中增加而不是减少不平等的政策提供信息,例如那些与新自由主义的商品化、私有化、自上而下的保护和全球化政策相关的政策。目标的操作化是否能够实现稳定地球系统所需的深刻转变,并确保所有人都能公正地访问,或者它们将像往常一样被用于商业活动?我们利用与地球委员会社会科学工作组成员的合作,不仅关注公正目标的可能性,而且关注为一个安全公正的星球进行彻底变革的可能性,在这个星球上,危害最小化,所有人都有可能获得幸福。
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引用次数: 0
Financial innovation for climate justice: central banks and transformative ‘creative disruption’ 气候正义的金融创新:中央银行和变革性的“创造性破坏”
3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2023.2268589
Jennie C. Stephens, Martin Sokol
Global financial architectures, including central banks and their monetary policies, are critical to leveraging transformative change for climate justice. Yet, currently central banks are exacerbating rather than mitigating the climate crisis and climate injustices. By following a neoliberal policy paradigm and narrowly interpreted mandates for price stability and financial stability, central banks are focusing on stabilizing a system that is inherently unstable. This accelerates climate chaos around the world and is worsening future financial instability. Recognizing both the potential of central banks to advance climate justice and the inattention of the role of central banks in the climate crisis, this paper contributes to the emerging field of financial innovation for climate justice. First, we review what central banks are currently doing to advance and hinder climate justice. Then we explore monetary policy tools that central banks could deploy for transformative climate justice. We then make the case for ‘creative disruption’ in monetary policy which requires expanding the narrow mandate of central banks and new kinds of global coordination. This call for intentional creative disruption changes policy assumptions regarding financial stability and climate politics and reconceptualizes how to achieve transformative systemic change to move toward a more equitable, just, healthy, sustainable future.
全球金融架构,包括中央银行及其货币政策,对于利用变革性变革实现气候正义至关重要。然而,目前各国央行正在加剧而不是缓解气候危机和气候不公正。通过遵循新自由主义的政策范式,以及对价格稳定和金融稳定的狭义解释,中央银行正专注于稳定一个本质上不稳定的体系。这加速了全球气候的混乱,并加剧了未来的金融不稳定。认识到中央银行在促进气候正义方面的潜力以及对中央银行在气候危机中作用的忽视,本文为气候正义金融创新的新兴领域做出了贡献。首先,我们回顾了各国央行目前在促进和阻碍气候正义方面所做的工作。然后,我们探讨了央行可以用来实现变革性气候正义的货币政策工具。然后,我们提出了货币政策中的“创造性破坏”,这需要扩大中央银行的狭隘使命和新型的全球协调。这种对有意的创造性破坏的呼吁改变了有关金融稳定和气候政治的政策假设,并重新定义了如何实现变革性的系统性变革,以走向更加公平、公正、健康和可持续的未来。
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引用次数: 0
Absurd geographies of resilience and justice 充满弹性和正义的荒诞地域
3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2023.2255566
Kevin Grove, Genevieve Reid, Sarah Molinari, Joshua Falcon, Aarti Mehta-Kroll, Edurne Sosa El Fakih, Alejandra Sepulveda-Reyes, David Ortiz
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引用次数: 0
Safe drinking water supply under extreme climate events: evidence from four urban sprawl communities 极端气候事件下的安全饮用水供应:来自四个城市蔓延社区的证据
3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2023.2264270
Ayansina Ayanlade
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引用次数: 1
Justice in nature conservation: limits and possibilities under global capitalism 自然保护中的正义:全球资本主义下的限制与可能性
3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2023.2274901
Aby L. Sène
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引用次数: 0
Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency 是时候将气候和自然危机视为一个不可分割的全球卫生紧急事件
3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2023.2276492
Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Thomas Benfield, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Gregory E. Erhabor, Stephen Hancocks, Richard Horton, Laurie Laybourn-Langton, Robert Mash, Peush Sahni, Wadeia Mohammad Sharief, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski
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引用次数: 0
A song in a cold place: the role of emotions in motivating youth activism and advancing justice at the COP 寒冷之地的一首歌:情感在激励青年行动主义和促进缔约方会议正义方面的作用
3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2023.2261406
Julia Coombs Fine, Summer Gray, Corrie Grosse, Brigid Mark
ABSTRACTThe emotions of youth climate justice activists are often demeaned or misrepresented both by popular media and by COP organisers. The COP itself, as a cold, bureaucratic, and repressive space that tokenises frontline voices to create an optics of care, is a source of frustration and disappointment for many youth activists. Despite this misrepresentation and repression, youth activists use their emotions to strengthen their movements and actions at the COP. Drawing on collaborative event ethnography spanning a decade, this paper analyses how Global South youth climate justice activists strategically navigate and channel emotion through acts of emotional solidarity, emotional concealment, and emotional display. We assess how youth activists’ complex emotional experiences exist in generative tension within individuals and within the youth climate justice movement. Our findings suggest that their emotional strategies unlock the capacity for exercising power while cultivating relationships necessary for climate justice.KEYWORDS: Climate justicesocial movementsemotionsyouthUNFCCC COPGlobal South AcknowledgementsWe thank John Foran, Tom Hobday, Emily Williams, Natasha Weidner, and our UCSB research team in Warsaw for their help in collecting interviews. We thank the undergraduate research assistants at UCSB who helped edit transcripts.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 ‘We’ refers to one or more of the authors and the other youth activists with whom authors attended various COPs.2 This vignette is a synthesis of our combined experiences at several COPs.3 Middle-aged white man Richard Madeley used these words to describe youth activist Miranda Whelan’s work with Just Stop Oil on Good Morning Britain in April 2022: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6T-iwy0bOU4 The designation of ‘youth’ at the UN climate talks is broadly conceived and includes young adults under the age of thirty-five.5 Despite this, there is relatively little literature about youth at COP. For example, youth are conspicuously absent from the 2021 book on COP coalitions: Coalitions in The Climate Change Negotiations (Betzold et al., Citation2021).6 Access to being lauded as a hero is subjective and unevenly distributed according to privilege, and was relatively uncommon in Mayes and Hartup’s research analysis.7 Friction across individuals within the youth climate justice movement, however, is not necessarily generative; it can lead to splintering along axes of differences. We do not have the data to sufficiently explore this critical topic and suggest it as a generative area of future research.8 COP27 in Egypt was seen as particularly repressive (see Klein, Citation2022), although repression was present at all COPs we observed.9 We join Nixon (Citation2013) in admiration of Saño’s ‘readiness – his desperate readiness – to crash right through the wall of bureaucratic language [… putting] his whole body, his whole being, behind
Brigid Mark是科罗拉多大学博尔德分校社会学博士课程的研究生。她的研究领域包括气候正义、社会运动、土著主权和种族。
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引用次数: 0
US Higher education and fossil fuels: the limits of liberalism in university climate action 美国高等教育与化石燃料:自由主义在大学气候行动中的局限
3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2023.2247378
Danya Al-Saleh, Neha Vora
ABSTRACTUS universities have positioned themselves in recent years as sites of progressive green action, cutting-edge research, and student-driven change. These universities have even been exported to wealthy oil-dependent states in the Arabian Peninsula under the guise of developing their societies away from fossil fuels through liberal education. These countries, however, have developed their national strategies within imperial relationships with Great Britain and then the United States, in part to uphold the prosperity of the West and its development of liberal democratic ideologies and institutions, of which higher education has played a central part. Drawing on research within US branch campuses in Qatar, and focusing specifically on Texas A&M Qatar, an engineering school that is a site of what we call ‘petro-education’, we trace how these US universities reproduce the fossil fuel industry’s operations. Bringing this research in conversation with scholarship that challenges the liberal mythologies of US higher education, we argue that US universities largely remain embedded in a broader agenda to reconcile the climate crisis with what appears to be a greener capitalism that extends fossil fuel extraction into the future.KEYWORDS: Universitiesclimate justicefossil fuelsengineeringQatar Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 The research drawn on in this paper had both IRB approval from Danya Al-Saleh’s home institution University of Wisconsin – Madison IRB (Study # 2017-0062) and a local IRB approval in Qatar through Georgetown University at Qatar (IRB Study # 2018-0397) for a study titled “The role of engineering education and expertise in Qatar’s transition to a knowledge-based economy.” All participants went through the informed consent process, however, signatures were waived. All interviews conducted are anonymized and all references to people interviewed are pseudonyms. Any potentially identifiable titles, career trajectories or positions have been changed to further anonymize interviews.Additional informationNotes on contributorsDanya Al-SalehDanya Al-Saleh is an Assistant Professor in the Jackson School of International Studies at the University of Washington.Neha VoraNeha Vora is Professor of Anthropology in the Department of International Studies at the American University of Sharjah.
摘要近年来,美国大学将自己定位为进步绿色行动、前沿研究和学生驱动变革的场所。这些大学甚至被出口到阿拉伯半岛富裕的石油依赖国家,打着通过自由教育发展社会远离化石燃料的幌子。然而,这些国家在与英国和美国的帝国关系中制定了自己的国家战略,部分原因是为了维护西方的繁荣及其自由民主意识形态和制度的发展,其中高等教育发挥了核心作用。通过对美国在卡塔尔的分校的研究,并特别关注德州农工大学卡塔尔分校,这是一所我们称之为“石油教育”的工程学院,我们追踪了这些美国大学是如何复制化石燃料行业的运作的。将这项研究与挑战美国高等教育自由主义神话的学者进行对话,我们认为,美国大学在很大程度上仍然融入了一个更广泛的议程,以调和气候危机与似乎将化石燃料开采延伸到未来的更环保的资本主义。关键词:大学气候正义化石燃料工程卡塔尔披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。注1本文所利用的研究获得了Danya Al-Saleh的家乡机构威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校IRB(研究编号2017-0062)的IRB批准,并通过卡塔尔乔治城大学(IRB研究编号2018-0397)获得了卡塔尔当地IRB的批准,该研究的标题为“工程教育和专业知识在卡塔尔向知识经济过渡中的作用”。所有参与者都通过了知情同意程序,但是,签名被放弃了。所有的采访都是匿名的,所有被采访的人都是假名。任何可能被识别的头衔、职业轨迹或职位都已被更改,以进一步匿名化面试。作者简介:sdanya Al-Saleh是华盛顿大学杰克逊国际研究学院的助理教授。Neha VoraNeha Vora是沙迦美国大学国际研究系的人类学教授。
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引用次数: 0
Livelihood vulnerability to urban flood: the case of urban poor households in Dhaka, Bangladesh 城市洪水对生计的脆弱性:以孟加拉国达卡城市贫困家庭为例
3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1080/17565529.2023.2257625
Hasina Akther, Mokbul Morshed Ahmad, Thi Phuoc Lai Nguyen
ABSTRACTThis paper examines the livelihood vulnerability of the urban poor households due to urban flood. The Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) and IPCC-LVI framework were applied for analysing the vulnerability of Mirpur Slum (MPS) and Rail-line Slum (RLS) in Dhaka city. The findings indicate that slum settlements with similar characteristics could have different levels of vulnerability due to their households’ attributes and the characteristics of the surrounding neighbourhoods. This study provides insights of livelihood vulnerability of the urban poor which appeals for effective urban flood adaptation strategies through enhancing public health, water access and food security for the slum dwellers. The findings and recommendations derived from this study are likely applicable to other cities in Bangladesh and to other countries including global south with similar socio-economic profiles.KEYWORDS: Livelihood vulnerabilityfloodslum dwellersDhaka city Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Ethical statementWe declare that this article is unique, has not previously been published, and is not presently being accepted for publication anywhere. There are no conflicts of interest involving the authors and this article. As the Corresponding Author, I attest that all of the indicated authors have read and approved the paper for submission.Additional informationNotes on contributorsHasina AktherDr Hasina Akther is working as an associate professor in the Department of Geography and Environment at Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Having a keen interest in urban and climate change issues, she completed her doctoral research from the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Thailand, on the vulnerability and adaptive capacity of the urban poor exposed to extreme climate events in Bangladesh. Over the course of her professional and academic career, Dr. Akther has led many research projects addressing a diverse range of urban challenges and climate change-related matters, including rural-urban linkages, urban development processes, livelihood assessments, slum mapping, and slum vulnerability. The outcomes of Dr. Akther's twelve years of research excellence in this field have produced several published articles in esteemed peer-reviewed journals. Additionally, she has made significant contributions to numerous international and national-level seminars, workshops, and conferences in her field of interest.Mokbul Morshed AhmadDr Mokbul Morshed Ahmad is a Professor in Development Planning Management and Innovation in the Department of Development and Sustainability in the School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box. 4. Klong Luang, Pathumrhani 12120, Bangkok, Thailand (e-mail: morshed@ait.ac.th, phone: 66-2-524-5664 fax: 66-2-524-6431). Prior to that he was an Assistant Professor in the department of Geography and Environment, Dhaka University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. He ho
摘要本文研究城市洪水对城市贫困户生计脆弱性的影响。应用生计脆弱性指数(LVI)和IPCC-LVI框架对达卡米尔普尔贫民窟(MPS)和铁路线贫民窟(RLS)的脆弱性进行了分析。研究结果表明,由于其家庭属性和周围社区的特征,具有相似特征的贫民窟住区可能具有不同程度的脆弱性。这项研究提供了对城市贫困人口生计脆弱性的见解,呼吁通过加强贫民窟居民的公共卫生、水获取和粮食安全,制定有效的城市洪水适应战略。本研究得出的结论和建议可能适用于孟加拉国的其他城市以及具有类似社会经济状况的其他国家,包括全球南方。关键词:生计脆弱性洪水贫民窟居民达卡市披露声明作者未报告潜在利益冲突。伦理声明我们声明这篇文章是独一无二的,以前没有发表过,目前也没有被任何地方接受发表。作者与本文之间不存在利益冲突。作为通讯作者,我保证所有指定的作者都已经阅读并批准了论文的提交。哈西娜·阿克瑟(Hasina Akther)博士是孟加拉国达卡贾格纳特大学地理与环境系的副教授。她对城市和气候变化问题有着浓厚的兴趣,在泰国亚洲理工学院(AIT)完成了博士研究,研究主题是孟加拉国城市贫困人口在极端气候事件下的脆弱性和适应能力。在她的专业和学术生涯中,阿克瑟博士领导了许多研究项目,解决了各种各样的城市挑战和气候变化相关问题,包括城乡联系、城市发展进程、生计评估、贫民窟测绘和贫民窟脆弱性。阿克瑟博士在该领域12年的卓越研究成果已在备受尊敬的同行评审期刊上发表了多篇文章。此外,她还在她感兴趣的领域为众多国际和国家级研讨会、讲习班和会议做出了重大贡献。Mokbul Morshed Ahmad是亚洲理工学院环境、资源与发展学院发展与可持续发展系发展规划管理与创新教授,邮箱4。Klong Luang,泰国曼谷Pathumrhani 12120(电子邮件:morshed@ait.ac.th,电话:66-2-524-5664传真:66-2-524-6431)。在此之前,他是孟加拉国达卡大学地理与环境系的助理教授。他拥有博士学位。英国杜伦大学发展地理学(2000)。1991年在孟加拉国达卡大学获得地理与环境理学硕士学位,1993年在泰国曼谷亚洲理工学院获得农村与区域发展规划理学硕士学位。他还曾在孟加拉国政府的公共行政和商务部担任公务员。Mokbul博士的教学和研究领域包括国际发展、非政府组织、社区发展、人类冲突和适应气候变化。他在许多期刊和书籍上发表了许多关于他的研究领域的文章。他写了/与人合著了八本书。Thi港区赖赖NguyenDr Thi港区阮是一个社会科学家,目前亚洲理工学院的助理教授。她的研究集中在规划和管理环境中的人类维度,包括社会态度、认识论过程和理解、减轻和适应社会和环境变化的行为。研究领域包括人-环境耦合复杂系统、社会和环境变化、社会行为者和环境不平等、社会-生态系统治理、教育和可持续发展创新。
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