Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1080/10511482.2023.2271881
Ashley C. Bradford, W. David Bradford
AbstractHousing instability is a significant problem in the United States, with a long literature documenting its impact on the social well-being of Americans. A relatively new line of research has illuminated the degree to which eviction is a substantial contributor to health risks, including “deaths of despair” from alcohol or drug-related accidental poisonings. Although eviction is a persistent threat in the United States, there is comparatively less research that is both longitudinal and that evaluates multiple policies simultaneously to guide decision makers about which policies are more or less effective at lowering eviction activity. In this study we test the association between housing policies and eviction processes for a large proportion of U.S. counties from 2001 to 2018 using a panel of state-level landlord–tenant laws and a panel of local housing-specific investments by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. We find evidence that some state and local policies are effective at reducing the number of eviction filings and the incidence of multiple filings to the same household, although there is less evidence that actual eviction judgments can be mitigated with these policies.Keywords: Evictionlandlord–tenant policyJEL CLASSIFICATION CODES: O18K25R38 Data AvailabilityThe authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and its supplementary materials.Disclosure StatementNeither author has any conflicts of interest, real or apparent, to report.Additional informationNotes on contributorsAshley C. BradfordAshley C. Bradford is an assistant professor in the School of Public Policy at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Her research explores how various policies affect risky behaviors and substance use in the United States and how state and local landlord–tenant policies affect housing instability.W. David BradfordW. David Bradford is the George D. Busbee Chair in Public Policy in the Department of Public Administration and Policy at the University of Georgia. A significant component of his current research involves studying substance use policy (including cannabis and opioid policies); housing policies, especially as they relate to health outcomes; and the economics of the pharmaceutical industry. He is a Co-Editor for the journal Health Economics. He is currently serving on the Executive Board of the American Society of Health Economists.
住房不稳定是美国的一个重要问题，大量文献记录了它对美国人社会福祉的影响。一项相对较新的研究表明，驱逐在很大程度上是健康风险的一个重要因素，包括因酒精或与毒品有关的意外中毒而"绝望死亡"。尽管驱逐在美国是一个持续存在的威胁，但相对较少的研究是纵向的，同时评估多种政策，以指导决策者哪些政策在降低驱逐活动方面或多或少有效。在这项研究中，我们测试了2001年至2018年期间美国大部分县的住房政策与驱逐程序之间的关系，使用的是州级房东-租户法律小组和美国住房和城市发展部的地方住房特定投资小组。我们发现有证据表明，一些州和地方政策在减少驱逐申请数量和同一家庭多次申请的发生率方面是有效的，尽管很少有证据表明这些政策可以减轻实际的驱逐判决。关键词:驱逐房东-租客政策jel分类代码:O18K25R38数据可得性作者确认在文章及其补充资料中可获得支持本研究结果的数据。披露声明作者没有任何利益冲突，真实的或明显的，报告。作者简介:ashley C. Bradford，乔治亚理工学院公共政策学院助理教授。她的研究探讨了各种政策如何影响美国的危险行为和物质使用，以及州和地方的房东-租户政策如何影响住房的不稳定性。大卫BradfordW。大卫·布拉德福德是乔治亚大学公共管理与政策系公共政策乔治·d·巴斯比教授。他目前研究的一个重要组成部分涉及研究物质使用政策(包括大麻和阿片类药物政策);住房政策，特别是与健康结果有关的住房政策;以及制药行业的经济学。他是《卫生经济学》杂志的联合编辑。他目前是美国卫生经济学家协会的执行委员会成员。
{"title":"The Effect of State Housing Policies on Eviction Filings and Judgments in the United States, 2001–2018","authors":"Ashley C. Bradford, W. David Bradford","doi":"10.1080/10511482.2023.2271881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2023.2271881","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractHousing instability is a significant problem in the United States, with a long literature documenting its impact on the social well-being of Americans. A relatively new line of research has illuminated the degree to which eviction is a substantial contributor to health risks, including “deaths of despair” from alcohol or drug-related accidental poisonings. Although eviction is a persistent threat in the United States, there is comparatively less research that is both longitudinal and that evaluates multiple policies simultaneously to guide decision makers about which policies are more or less effective at lowering eviction activity. In this study we test the association between housing policies and eviction processes for a large proportion of U.S. counties from 2001 to 2018 using a panel of state-level landlord–tenant laws and a panel of local housing-specific investments by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. We find evidence that some state and local policies are effective at reducing the number of eviction filings and the incidence of multiple filings to the same household, although there is less evidence that actual eviction judgments can be mitigated with these policies.Keywords: Evictionlandlord–tenant policyJEL CLASSIFICATION CODES: O18K25R38 Data AvailabilityThe authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and its supplementary materials.Disclosure StatementNeither author has any conflicts of interest, real or apparent, to report.Additional informationNotes on contributorsAshley C. BradfordAshley C. Bradford is an assistant professor in the School of Public Policy at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Her research explores how various policies affect risky behaviors and substance use in the United States and how state and local landlord–tenant policies affect housing instability.W. David BradfordW. David Bradford is the George D. Busbee Chair in Public Policy in the Department of Public Administration and Policy at the University of Georgia. A significant component of his current research involves studying substance use policy (including cannabis and opioid policies); housing policies, especially as they relate to health outcomes; and the economics of the pharmaceutical industry. He is a Co-Editor for the journal Health Economics. He is currently serving on the Executive Board of the American Society of Health Economists.","PeriodicalId":47744,"journal":{"name":"Housing Policy Debate","volume":"280 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135475093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1080/10511482.2023.2271898
Corinna Hölzl, Henning Nuissl, Fabian Beran, Tim Kormeyer
Displacement research emphasizes the importance of housing market processes and their consequences for tenants. In recent years, a lively discussion in housing studies has emerged around policy mechanisms to promote permanently decommodified housing and nonprofit landlord types. This article picks up on the two strands of research and links them to our own empirical material from two studies on the city of Berlin that respond to two questions: (a) What role do the different landlord types play in processes of displacement? and (b) To what extent are the management strategies of nonprofit landlords equipped to dampen displacement processes? Our results, which are based on quantitative and qualitative analyses, show that public housing companies, cooperatives, and novel shared homeownership models pose a significantly lower risk of displacement. Although these landlord types do not prevent displacement entirely, their property management strategies, their self-understanding, and their networks make it possible to identify housing policy levers to minimize displacement.
{"title":"Nonprofit Landlord Types on the Housing Market—A Key to Rising Displacement in Berlin?","authors":"Corinna Hölzl, Henning Nuissl, Fabian Beran, Tim Kormeyer","doi":"10.1080/10511482.2023.2271898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2023.2271898","url":null,"abstract":"Displacement research emphasizes the importance of housing market processes and their consequences for tenants. In recent years, a lively discussion in housing studies has emerged around policy mechanisms to promote permanently decommodified housing and nonprofit landlord types. This article picks up on the two strands of research and links them to our own empirical material from two studies on the city of Berlin that respond to two questions: (a) What role do the different landlord types play in processes of displacement? and (b) To what extent are the management strategies of nonprofit landlords equipped to dampen displacement processes? Our results, which are based on quantitative and qualitative analyses, show that public housing companies, cooperatives, and novel shared homeownership models pose a significantly lower risk of displacement. Although these landlord types do not prevent displacement entirely, their property management strategies, their self-understanding, and their networks make it possible to identify housing policy levers to minimize displacement.","PeriodicalId":47744,"journal":{"name":"Housing Policy Debate","volume":"8 19","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135973240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1080/10511482.2023.2254749
Dan Immergluck, Adria Hollis
AbstractUrban scholars and practitioners have used changes in neighborhood-level home values to serve as indicators of neighborhood change, including gentrification and disinvestment. A common measure is the “median home value” variable from the American Community Survey (ACS). However, household-level research suggests that self-assessed home values, such as those of the ACS, differ significantly from market-based measures, and medians can be affected by changes in the mix of homes . Transaction-based home price indices are unaffected by such changes and are based on market sales rather than self-assessments, but also have limitations. Moreover, self-assessments of home values might be desired if the intention is to measure the value households place on their homes or to avoid potential biases baked into market values. Comparing changes in the ACS median home value to a common market-based home price index (HPI), we find that the ACS median tends to fall more slowly than the HPI when values are falling and increase more slowly than the HPI when values rise. The differences between the measures are large and are not randomly distributed across space, tending to be larger in neighborhoods where values fall or rise more steeply. They are also related to a variety of neighborhood characteristics.Keywords: Neighborhoodneighborhood changehousinghome valuesgentrificationdisinvestmentproperty values AcknowledgementsWe would like to thank the editor and the three anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments on this paper.Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Regression is used to account for varying periods between paired transactions. The variation in changes in housing values is assumed to increase with the time between transactions, because variables other than market appreciation are expected to influence the values of housing units as this period increases. For more detailed information on the general FHFA repeat-sales methods, see Calhoun (Citation1996).2 The census-tract-level FHFA Home Price Index is provided here: https://www.fhfa.gov/DataTools/Downloads/Documents/HPI/HPI_AT_BDL_tract.csv. More information on how the index is constructed is provided in Federal Housing Finance Agency (Citation2023).3 Moreover, the HPI is a relative measure of home value compared to other points in time and does not provide dollar-value estimates of median or typical value at one point in time.4 The Missouri Census Data Center release of the 2005–2009 ACS median home value variable was spatially interpolated using owner-occupied housing units as the weighting variable. More information can be found at https://mcdc.missouri.edu/data/acs2009/Variables.html.5 The two exceptions are the 2007–2012 HPI change and the initial median home value, which is taken from the 2005–09 ACS, centered on 2007.6 Tables 3–5 show a slight difference in sample size of one tract between the 2007 to 2012 period regression and the
{"title":"Different Data, Different Measures: Comparing Alternative Indicators of Changes in Neighborhood Home Values","authors":"Dan Immergluck, Adria Hollis","doi":"10.1080/10511482.2023.2254749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2023.2254749","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractUrban scholars and practitioners have used changes in neighborhood-level home values to serve as indicators of neighborhood change, including gentrification and disinvestment. A common measure is the “median home value” variable from the American Community Survey (ACS). However, household-level research suggests that self-assessed home values, such as those of the ACS, differ significantly from market-based measures, and medians can be affected by changes in the mix of homes . Transaction-based home price indices are unaffected by such changes and are based on market sales rather than self-assessments, but also have limitations. Moreover, self-assessments of home values might be desired if the intention is to measure the value households place on their homes or to avoid potential biases baked into market values. Comparing changes in the ACS median home value to a common market-based home price index (HPI), we find that the ACS median tends to fall more slowly than the HPI when values are falling and increase more slowly than the HPI when values rise. The differences between the measures are large and are not randomly distributed across space, tending to be larger in neighborhoods where values fall or rise more steeply. They are also related to a variety of neighborhood characteristics.Keywords: Neighborhoodneighborhood changehousinghome valuesgentrificationdisinvestmentproperty values AcknowledgementsWe would like to thank the editor and the three anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments on this paper.Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Regression is used to account for varying periods between paired transactions. The variation in changes in housing values is assumed to increase with the time between transactions, because variables other than market appreciation are expected to influence the values of housing units as this period increases. For more detailed information on the general FHFA repeat-sales methods, see Calhoun (Citation1996).2 The census-tract-level FHFA Home Price Index is provided here: https://www.fhfa.gov/DataTools/Downloads/Documents/HPI/HPI_AT_BDL_tract.csv. More information on how the index is constructed is provided in Federal Housing Finance Agency (Citation2023).3 Moreover, the HPI is a relative measure of home value compared to other points in time and does not provide dollar-value estimates of median or typical value at one point in time.4 The Missouri Census Data Center release of the 2005–2009 ACS median home value variable was spatially interpolated using owner-occupied housing units as the weighting variable. More information can be found at https://mcdc.missouri.edu/data/acs2009/Variables.html.5 The two exceptions are the 2007–2012 HPI change and the initial median home value, which is taken from the 2005–09 ACS, centered on 2007.6 Tables 3–5 show a slight difference in sample size of one tract between the 2007 to 2012 period regression and the","PeriodicalId":47744,"journal":{"name":"Housing Policy Debate","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-06DOI: 10.1080/10511482.2023.2251947
Michelle E. Zuñiga
{"title":"Understanding Latinx Perceptions of and Responses to Neighborhood Change","authors":"Michelle E. Zuñiga","doi":"10.1080/10511482.2023.2251947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2023.2251947","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47744,"journal":{"name":"Housing Policy Debate","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44689332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1080/10511482.2023.2237008
Victoria Morckel, Melissa Hertlein, Christina Kelly
{"title":"“Demolition Planning” in a U.S. Legacy City: Using Stakeholder Input to Plan for the Demolition of Blighted, Vacant Properties in Flint, Michigan","authors":"Victoria Morckel, Melissa Hertlein, Christina Kelly","doi":"10.1080/10511482.2023.2237008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2023.2237008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47744,"journal":{"name":"Housing Policy Debate","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48964186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.1080/10511482.2023.2246943
Laura Witte, J. Tsai, Paula M. Cuccaro, Andrea Link, Vaness Cox, V. Schick
{"title":"Examining the Potential Impact of Restricting Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Housing for Individuals With Certain Criminal Convictions in Texas","authors":"Laura Witte, J. Tsai, Paula M. Cuccaro, Andrea Link, Vaness Cox, V. Schick","doi":"10.1080/10511482.2023.2246943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2023.2246943","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47744,"journal":{"name":"Housing Policy Debate","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42950046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1080/10511482.2023.2244932
Daniel Kuhlmann, Seva Rodnyansky
{"title":"In Search of the Missing Middle: Historical Trends in and Contemporary Correlates of Permitting of 2–4 Unit Structures","authors":"Daniel Kuhlmann, Seva Rodnyansky","doi":"10.1080/10511482.2023.2244932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2023.2244932","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47744,"journal":{"name":"Housing Policy Debate","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46509146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.1080/10511482.2023.2237004
Godwin Kavaarpuo, K. Mintah, K. A. Donkor-Hyiaman
{"title":"Financing Housing Development in an Underdeveloped Financial Market: Learning from Developers’ Financing Adaptations?","authors":"Godwin Kavaarpuo, K. Mintah, K. A. Donkor-Hyiaman","doi":"10.1080/10511482.2023.2237004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2023.2237004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47744,"journal":{"name":"Housing Policy Debate","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43588208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.1080/10511482.2023.2243260
Niki Z. Petrakos, Zichen Liu, Hantong Hu, Taylor Keating, D. Colombara, Amy A Laurent, Andy Chan, Annie Pennucci, Alastair I. Matheson
{"title":"Associations Between Exit Type From Federal Housing Assistance and Subsequent Homelessness","authors":"Niki Z. Petrakos, Zichen Liu, Hantong Hu, Taylor Keating, D. Colombara, Amy A Laurent, Andy Chan, Annie Pennucci, Alastair I. Matheson","doi":"10.1080/10511482.2023.2243260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2023.2243260","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47744,"journal":{"name":"Housing Policy Debate","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47762862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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