European Urban and Regional Studies最新文献

英文中文

Illegal short-term rentals, regulatory enforcement and informal practices in the age of digital platforms 数字平台时代的非法短期租赁、监管执法和非正式做法

IF 3.1 2区经济学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

European Urban and Regional Studies

Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/09697764231155386

C. Colomb, Tatiana Moreira de Souza

This article analyses the challenges of controlling short-term rentals (STR) in an era of intermediation by digital platforms, focusing on the process of regulatory enforcement. Drawing on evidence from large European cities, it investigates how public authorities identify and tackle STR deemed illegal, how operators of illegal STR seek to escape detection, and the relationships between city governments and digital platforms in the process of regulatory enforcement. The article shows what digitalisation and ‘platformisation’ do to the possibility of (local) state regulation of housing informality and illegality in the European context. As platforms have been reluctant to release individualised STR listings to local authorities, the latter have had to rely on imperfect, ‘DIY’ methods of data gathering in the physical and digital worlds, in the context of attempts to regulate STR for public interest objectives such as the protection of the long-term residential stock.

本文分析了在数字平台中介时代控制短期租赁的挑战，重点关注监管执行过程。根据欧洲大城市的证据，它调查了公共当局如何识别和处理被视为非法的STR，非法STR的运营商如何寻求逃避检测，以及城市政府和数字平台在监管执行过程中的关系。这篇文章展示了数字化和“平台化”对欧洲背景下（地方）国家监管住房非正规性和非法性的可能性的影响。由于平台一直不愿向地方当局发布个性化的STR列表，后者不得不依靠在物理和数字世界中不完善的“DIY”数据收集方法，试图为公共利益目标（如保护长期住宅存量）监管STR。

引用次数: 2

What makes cities happy? Factors contributing to life satisfaction in European cities 是什么让城市幸福?影响欧洲城市生活满意度的因素

IF 3.1 2区经济学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

European Urban and Regional Studies

Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/09697764231155335

Chiara Castelli, B. d’Hombres, L. Dominicis, L. Dijkstra, Valentina Montalto, N. Pontarollo

The purpose of this study is to identify the main factors of city life satisfaction across Europe. Data come from the recent fifth survey on quality of life in European cities and cover 83 cities located in the European Union, the European Free Trade Association countries, the United Kingdom, the Western Balkan Region and Turkey. In addition to running classical econometric analysis, we quantify the relative importance of the various determinants of overall satisfaction with life in cities, thus offering novel insights to shape evidence-based urban policies. The results highlight that two main policy-relevant areas contribute to the satisfaction with city life: the presence of amenities, on the one hand, and the inclusiveness and safety feeling, on the other hand. Socio-economic characteristics are generally not relevant, with the exception of economic insecurity. JEL Codes: R10, R58, I31

本研究的目的是确定欧洲城市生活满意度的主要因素。数据来自最近的第五次欧洲城市生活质量调查，涵盖了欧洲联盟、欧洲自由贸易联盟国家、联合王国、西巴尔干地区和土耳其的83个城市。除了进行经典的计量经济学分析外，我们还量化了城市生活总体满意度的各种决定因素的相对重要性，从而为制定基于证据的城市政策提供了新的见解。研究结果强调，与政策相关的两个主要领域有助于提高人们对城市生活的满意度:一方面是便利设施的存在，另一方面是包容性和安全感。除了经济不安全之外，社会经济特征一般不相关。JEL代码:R10, R58, I31

引用次数: 2

Breaking the rules? Informal housing, urban deregulation and secondary dwellings in Australia 打破规则?澳大利亚的非正式住房、城市放松管制和二手住房

IF 3.1 2区经济学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

European Urban and Regional Studies

Pub Date : 2023-02-13 DOI: 10.1177/09697764221145436

P. Shrestha, Nicole Gurran

Secondary dwellings, from ‘backyard’ and basement units to converted garages or ‘granny flats’ are increasingly viewed as a potential source of lower cost rental accommodation. However, in many cities of the so-called global north, secondary dwellings are restricted under local planning rules designed to maintain lower density residential neighbourhoods. This article examines the outcome of planning reform to legalise secondary dwellings as a housing solution, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Traditionally, secondary dwelling production has been seen as a form of unregulated/informal dwelling type. In response to a chronic shortage of affordable renting supply, this paper considers how the state has undertaken a process of deregulation of planning controls to permit secondary dwelling production. We call this an example of ‘calculated informality’. We examine the case with reference to data on the geography and scale of secondary dwelling production, as well as interviews with secondary dwelling industry groups and local council officers responsible for enforcing planning regulation. Our analysis shows that deregulatory reform enabled an informal rental market in secondary dwellings to grow at scale; however, affordability and secure private rental outcomes remain unclear.

二级住宅，从“后院”和地下室单元到改造后的车库或“奶奶公寓”，越来越被视为低成本租赁住房的潜在来源。然而，在所谓的全球北部的许多城市，二级住宅受到旨在维持低密度住宅区的当地规划规则的限制。本文考察了澳大利亚新南威尔士州将二次住宅合法化作为住房解决方案的规划改革结果。传统上，二次住宅生产被视为不受监管/非正式住宅类型的一种形式。为了应对负担得起的租赁供应的长期短缺，本文考虑了国家如何放松规划控制，以允许二次住宅生产。我们称之为“经过计算的非正式性”的一个例子。我们参考了二次住宅生产的地理和规模数据，以及对二次住宅行业团体和负责执行规划法规的地方议会官员的采访，对该案例进行了研究。我们的分析表明，放松管制改革使二级住房的非正式租赁市场得以大规模增长；然而，负担能力和安全的私人租赁结果仍不清楚。

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引用次数: 1

Local labour market segmentation and migrant workers’ experiences: The case of the hotel industry in Venice 当地劳动力市场细分与移民工人的经历——以威尼斯酒店业为例

IF 3.1 2区经济学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

European Urban and Regional Studies

Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.1177/09697764221145357

Francesco E. Iannuzzi

Using Venice as a case study, this article seeks to analyse the experience of migrant workers in the hotel industry through a theoretical engagement with the local labour market segmentation approach. The global hotel industry relies on large numbers of migrant workers, who are often in their first job in the host context, as a solution to the problem of cyclical staff shortages. Previous studies have found that low barriers to entry into the sector and high staff turnover are the underlying reasons for this relationship. They have also shown that the same characteristics that make the hotel sector attractive to migrant workers also lead them to leave the industry shortly after entering it. However, this article reveals significant stability in the careers of migrants employed in Venetian hotels as well as heterogeneity in their individual experiences. Through identifying and analysing the factors underpinning the trajectories of these workers, the article emphasises the importance of local characteristics of production, consumption, institutional and welfare regulation patterns, workers’ social stratifications and strategies of social reproduction in shaping the relation between migrant workers and the local hotel industry.

本文以威尼斯为例，试图通过与当地劳动力市场细分方法的理论接触，分析移民工人在酒店业的经历。全球酒店业依靠大量的移民工人来解决周期性员工短缺的问题，这些移民工人通常是在东道国的第一份工作。先前的研究发现，进入该行业的门槛低和员工流动率高是造成这种关系的根本原因。他们还表明，使酒店业对移民工人具有吸引力的相同特征，也导致他们在进入该行业后不久就离开了该行业。然而，这篇文章揭示了受雇于威尼斯酒店的移民职业生涯的显著稳定性，以及他们个人经历的异质性。通过识别和分析支撑这些工人轨迹的因素，文章强调了当地生产、消费、制度和福利监管模式的特点、工人的社会分层和社会再生产策略在塑造农民工与当地酒店业之间关系方面的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Publication Notice 发布通知

IF 3.1 2区经济学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

European Urban and Regional Studies

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/09697764221145113

引用次数: 0

Winners of the 2022 Jim Lewis Prize 2022年吉姆·刘易斯奖得主

IF 3.1 2区经济学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

European Urban and Regional Studies

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/09697764221136479

Jim Lewis Prize

In 2014, European Urban and Regional Studies (EURS) awarded the first Jim Lewis Prize. The prize was established to mark the contributions of the former Editor, Jim Lewis, and to highlight the most innovative paper published in the previous year in the journal (see editorial announcement in European Urban and Regional Studies 21(1)). Following nominations from the journal’s Editorial Board, a number of papers were considered by the journal’s Editors. We are delighted to announce the prize award to Andrew Herod, Kostas Gourzis and Stelios Gialis for their paper ‘Inter-regional underemployment and the industrial reserve army: Precarity as a contemporary Greek drama’, European Urban and Regional Studies 28(4): 413–430. Nick Henry and Adrian Smith, Editors-in-Chief

2014年，欧洲城市与区域研究(EURS)颁发了第一届吉姆·刘易斯奖。该奖项的设立是为了纪念前主编吉姆·刘易斯的贡献，并突出前一年在该杂志上发表的最具创新性的论文(见《欧洲城市和区域研究》21(1)的编辑公告)。在期刊编辑委员会的提名之后，一些论文被期刊的编辑们考虑。我们很高兴地宣布Andrew Herod, Kostas Gourzis和Stelios Gialis获奖，以表彰他们的论文“跨地区就业不足和工业后备军:作为当代希腊戏剧的不稳定性”，欧洲城市和区域研究28(4):413-430。尼克·亨利和阿德里安·史密斯，总编辑

引用次数: 0

Gordon MacLeod Gordon MacLeod

IF 3.1 2区经济学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

European Urban and Regional Studies

Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/09697764221140992

N. Henry, Adrian J. Smith

引用次数: 0

Emotion regulation and mental health among professionals of long-term care institutions for older adults: the mediating role of work engagement. 老年人长期护理机构专业人员的情绪调节与心理健康：工作投入的中介作用。

IF 2 2区经济学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

European Urban and Regional Studies

Pub Date : 2022-11-30 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hpr/156259

Maria Isabel Wobeto, Rute Brites, João Hipólito, Odete Nunes, Tânia Brandão

Background: This study examined whether work engagement mediated the association between emotion regulation and mental health of professionals working in long-term care institutions for older adults in Brazil.

Participants and procedure: A cross-sectional study with a total of 104 professionals working in 13 long-term care facilities for the elderly in Brazil was conducted. Emotion regulation (expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal), work engagement (vigor, dedication, and absorption), and mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress) were measured using self-report scales. Multiple mediation models were used to test the mediating role of engagement.

Results: Expressive suppression was associated with more vigor, which in turn was associated with less anxiety and stress; cognitive reappraisal was associated with more vigor, which in turn was associated with less anxiety and stress. No indirect effects were found for depression.

Conclusions: Expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal strategies to regulate emotions seem to be associated with more vigor in terms of resilience and persistence to deal with work demands in these professionals. These results seem to suggest that workers who are more capable of regulating their emotions (using both expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal in a flexible way according to work demands) are more likely to be resilient, invest in their profession, and be persistent in the face of difficulties. This, in turn, contributes to protecting them from experiencing anxiety and stress.

研究背景本研究探讨了在巴西老年人长期护理机构工作的专业人员的工作投入是否能调节情绪调节与心理健康之间的关系：本研究对在巴西 13 家老年人长期护理机构工作的 104 名专业人员进行了横断面研究。研究使用自我报告量表测量了情绪调节（表达性抑制和认知再评价）、工作投入度（活力、敬业度和吸收力）和心理健康（抑郁、焦虑和压力）。采用多重中介模型来检验参与的中介作用：结果：表达性抑制与更多的活力相关，而更多的活力又与更少的焦虑和压力相关；认知再评价与更多的活力相关，而更多的活力又与更少的焦虑和压力相关。在抑郁方面没有发现间接效应：表达性压抑和认知再评价策略似乎与这些专业人员在应对工作需求时的复原力和坚持力更强有关。这些结果似乎表明，那些更善于调节情绪（根据工作需要灵活运用表达性抑制和认知再评价）的工作人员更有可能具有复原力，对自己的职业进行投资，并在面对困难时坚持不懈。这反过来又有助于保护他们免受焦虑和压力。

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引用次数: 1

Investigating the local socio-spatial integration of the Belval knowledge district into Esch/Alzette: A dissimilarity-based approach 调查Belval知识区与Esch/Alzette的当地社会空间整合:基于差异的方法

IF 3.1 2区经济学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

European Urban and Regional Studies

Pub Date : 2022-11-11 DOI: 10.1177/09697764221136093

Joe Birsens, Antoine Decoville

The social and spatial integration of knowledge-related urban development projects into their urban environment is seen by policymakers as a necessity to unlock local and regional growth dynamics and regeneration. However, the understanding of socio-spatial integration, and how it can be scientifically analysed and interpreted at a local scale remains somewhat vague when the concept is not approached in its totality and measured by unidimensional indicators. The current article first proposes a holistic and multidimensional analytical framework to measure and analyse the socio-spatial integration of knowledge districts. Then, it focuses on one specific dimension – the structural dissimilarities between territories – and suggests an indicator-based multivariate analysis that is applied to the case of Belval, in Esch/Alzette (Luxembourg). Our findings for the Belval case study show that the structural dissimilarities between knowledge districts and adjacent neighbourhoods are mainly due to the young, international and professional profile of the population this place attracts, while differentials in terms of socio-economic status are much less significant than expected. In other words, the specificity of this knowledge district lies in the educational and migratory backgrounds of its inhabitants, rather than in their economic wealth. Accordingly, we call for a more nuanced debate concerning the urban integration of knowledge districts.

决策者将与知识相关的城市发展项目与城市环境的社会和空间整合视为释放地方和区域增长动力和再生的必要条件。然而，对社会空间一体化的理解，以及如何在当地尺度上对其进行科学分析和解释，在没有全面接触和用单维指标衡量这一概念时，仍然有些模糊。本文首先提出了一个整体的、多维的分析框架来衡量和分析知识区域的社会空间整合。然后，它侧重于一个具体方面- -各领土之间的结构差异- -并建议对埃施/阿尔泽特(卢森堡)Belval的情况采用一种基于指标的多变量分析。我们对贝尔瓦尔案例研究的发现表明，知识区和邻近社区之间的结构差异主要是由于这个地方吸引的年轻、国际化和专业人口，而社会经济地位方面的差异远没有预期的那么显著。换句话说，这个知识区域的特殊性在于其居民的教育和移民背景，而不是他们的经济财富。因此，我们呼吁对知识区的城市整合进行更细致入微的讨论。

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引用次数: 1

Empowering policies for grassroots welfare initiatives: Blending social innovation and commons theory 赋予基层福利倡议政策权力：融合社会创新和公域理论

IF 3.1 2区经济学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

European Urban and Regional Studies

Pub Date : 2022-10-13 DOI: 10.1177/09697764221129532

I. Bianchi

Social innovation scholars see grassroots welfare initiatives as being potentially empowering. However, they also argue that this potential is enhanced when these initiatives receive support from local governments through a bottom-linked approach to social innovation. This article examines how empowering policies for grassroots welfare initiatives can be provided within a bottom-linked approach, while considering the reservations expressed by critical urban scholars on the link between them. By introducing the concept of self-government developed within commons theory into the bottom-linked approach to social innovation, it argues that policies aiming to empower grassroots welfare initiatives should provide adequate material and legal support, and should foster the emergence of new initiatives, but should always be careful not to limit their self-governing capacity. The article carries out a comparative analysis of two cases of grassroots welfare initiatives in Barcelona, comparing two different policy interventions adopted by the local government: one is a case in which an empowering policy was implemented, and the other one is a case in which this did not take place. The article concludes by highlighting the contribution made by this study for both policymaking and scholarly research.

社会创新学者认为，基层福利举措具有潜在的赋权作用。然而，他们也认为，当这些举措通过自下而上的社会创新方法得到地方政府的支持时，这种潜力就会增强。本文探讨了如何在自下而上的方法中为基层福利倡议提供赋权政策，同时考虑了批判性城市学者对它们之间的联系表示的保留意见。通过将公域理论中发展起来的自治概念引入社会创新的底层方法，它认为旨在赋予基层福利倡议权力的政策应该提供足够的物质和法律支持，应该促进新倡议的出现，但应该始终小心，不要限制其自治能力。文章对巴塞罗那的两个基层福利倡议案例进行了比较分析，比较了地方政府采取的两种不同的政策干预措施：一种是实施了赋权政策的案例，另一种是没有实施赋权政策的情况。文章最后强调了这项研究对政策制定和学术研究的贡献。

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