European Journal of Social Theory最新文献_第4页

Between responsibility and escape: The future as an object of knowledge in the humanities and social sciences 在责任与逃避之间：未来作为人文和社会科学的知识对象

IF 2.1 1区社会学 Q1 Social Sciences

European Journal of Social Theory

Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1177/13684310241227866

Jenny Andersson

The future has been a central object of inquiry in the twentieth-century social theory. In this essay, a first generation of intellectual concern with the future is represented in the post-war turn towards a hermeneutics of time and reflections on modernity in the writings of conceptual historian Reinhart Koselleck and philosopher Paul Ricoeur. In their writings, the future was both essential reflection on the limits of human existence and a fundamental liberation of political potential. As such they situated the future in what was defined as historical time. A second wave of scholarly thinking came in the explosion of a post-war field of futures studies. The future, to post-war futurists, was a loss of telos and an indication of the fundamental immaturity and hubris of the human subject. History was a cumbersome remnant of past destruction, and the imperative was to move beyond. In a third generation, currently taking form, the future is considered as part of a postmodern, indeed posthuman existence. ‘There is no such thing as humanity’ makes human history impossible and opens the question of whether it is even possible to engage with the future without a clear anchoring in the history of what it is to be human.

未来一直是二十世纪社会理论的核心研究对象。在本文中，概念史学家莱因哈特-科塞勒克（Reinhart Koselleck）和哲学家保罗-里科尔（Paul Ricoeur）的著作在战后转向了时间诠释学和现代性反思，代表了第一代知识分子对未来的关注。在他们的著作中，未来既是对人类生存极限的基本反思，也是对政治潜能的根本解放。因此，他们将未来定义为历史时间。第二波学术思潮是战后未来研究领域的爆发。在战后未来学家看来，未来是终极目标的丧失，是人类主体根本不成熟和狂妄自大的表现。历史是过去毁灭的累赘，当务之急是超越历史。在目前正在形成的第三代中，未来被视为后现代的一部分，实际上是后人类生存的一部分。没有人类这回事 "使人类历史成为不可能，并提出了这样一个问题：如果不明确地立足于人类的历史，是否有可能与未来打交道。

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引用次数: 0

Alter-neoliberal analysis: Abduction, critique, radical imagination 改变新自由主义的分析：诱导、批判、激进的想象力

IF 2.1 1区社会学 Q1 Social Sciences

European Journal of Social Theory

Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1177/13684310241228531

Dimitris Soudias

Radical critique and praxis today face an unprecedented challenge because neoliberal rationalities partly succeeded in encroaching upon emancipatory ambitions. On the one hand, as critical sociology informs us, this is because many of the utilitarian tenets of neoliberal rationalities have become naturalized in everyday conduct. On the other hand, as pragmatic sociology shows, because neoliberalism has succeeded in incorporating critical activity into its mode of functioning, challenging neoliberalism comes at the cost of its partial reproduction. Against this backdrop, the goal of this article is to reconsider both the role of critique in neoliberalism and the mode of inquiry of critique, in order to map out an ‘alter-neoliberal analysis’: a normative mode of critical inquiry that seeks to discover what would need to be the case for a future beyond neoliberalism to be conceivable. Building on the inferential logic of abduction, alter-neoliberal analysis (1) defamiliarizes the opaque ways in which neoliberal rationalities encroach upon practices, so as to (2) critique them in ways that curtail their reproduction and (3) radically imagine politico-epistemological positions that are unintelligible to neoliberal rationalities.

今天，激进的批判和实践面临着前所未有的挑战，因为新自由主义的理性在一定程度上成功地蚕食了解放的雄心。一方面，正如批判社会学告诉我们的那样，这是因为新自由主义理性的许多功利主义信条已经在日常行为中自然化了。另一方面，正如实用社会学所表明的那样，由于新自由主义成功地将批判活动纳入了其运作模式，挑战新自由主义的代价就是部分复制新自由主义。在此背景下，本文旨在重新考虑批判在新自由主义中的作用以及批判的探究模式，从而勾勒出一种 "改变新自由主义的分析"：一种规范性的批判探究模式，旨在发现超越新自由主义的未来应该是怎样的。基于归纳的推理逻辑，"改变新自由主义分析"(1) 对新自由主义理性侵蚀实践的不透明方式进行陌生化，从而(2) 以遏制其再生产的方式对其进行批判，(3) 从根本上想象新自由主义理性无法理解的政治-认识论立场。

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引用次数: 0

Experimentation and the future(s) of political hope 实验与政治希望的未来

IF 2.1 1区社会学 Q1 Social Sciences

European Journal of Social Theory

Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1177/13684310241229653

Loren Goldman

Against pessimistic trends in social and political theory, this article argues for the indispensability of hope in conceptualizing the future. Such hope, however, does not need to be beholden to a unitary vision of the future, as with traditional metaphysical or Enlightenment notions of progress, but should instead accommodate a multiplicity of possible better worlds. Pluralizing the future links it to diverse nonsynchronous temporalities of past and present and emphasizes the roles of contingency, action and experimentation in concrete aspiration. Immanuel Kant and Ernst Bloch here offer philosophical foundations for this perspective.

与社会和政治理论中的悲观倾向相反，本文认为，在构思未来时，希望是不可或缺的。然而，这种希望并不需要像传统的形而上学或启蒙运动的进步观念那样受制于单一的未来愿景，而是应该容纳多种可能的更美好的世界。未来的多元化将其与过去和现在的各种非同步时间性联系在一起，并强调了在具体愿望中偶然性、行动和实验的作用。伊曼纽尔-康德和恩斯特-布洛赫在此为这一观点提供了哲学基础。

引用次数: 0

Experimentation and the future(s) of political hope 实验与政治希望的未来

IF 2.1 1区社会学 Q1 Social Sciences

European Journal of Social Theory

Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1177/13684310241229653

Loren Goldman

Against pessimistic trends in social and political theory, this article argues for the indispensability of hope in conceptualizing the future. Such hope, however, does not need to be beholden to a unitary vision of the future, as with traditional metaphysical or Enlightenment notions of progress, but should instead accommodate a multiplicity of possible better worlds. Pluralizing the future links it to diverse nonsynchronous temporalities of past and present and emphasizes the roles of contingency, action and experimentation in concrete aspiration. Immanuel Kant and Ernst Bloch here offer philosophical foundations for this perspective.

与社会和政治理论中的悲观倾向相反，本文认为，在构思未来时，希望是不可或缺的。然而，这种希望并不需要像传统的形而上学或启蒙运动的进步观念那样受制于单一的未来愿景，而是应该容纳多种可能的更美好的世界。未来的多元化将其与过去和现在的各种非同步时间性联系在一起，并强调了在具体愿望中偶然性、行动和实验的作用。伊曼纽尔-康德和恩斯特-布洛赫在此为这一观点提供了哲学基础。

引用次数: 0

Towards a sociology of the future: An exploration in cognitive social theory 迈向未来社会学：认知社会理论的探索

IF 2.1 1区社会学 Q1 Social Sciences

European Journal of Social Theory

Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1177/13684310241226615

P. Strydom

The aim of this article is a sociology of the future. Since the standard sociological practice of extrapolating from everyday semantics of the future and the time-consciousness of modernity is inadequate, an integrated cognitive sociological perspective allied to critical theory is introduced. It makes visible an essential dimension of social life that is either largely taken for granted, misunderstood or ignored by identifying different levels of cognitive structures organising minds, institutions and culture and following their role in societal dynamics. This perspective mediates the sociocultural and naturalistic approaches and introduces the concept of space-time. Centrally, a modal analysis of the key present-past-future sequence is presented, with the focus on the distinct status of the future. It is modally conceptualised, not simply in terms of possibility as is usual, but rather in terms of its modality as a necessary formal generic cultural model that makes the future in the first place conceivable and enables an orientation towards it to be established and maintained. The resulting cognitive sociological account offers a novel theoretical understanding of the future which could facilitate thorough sociological and critical theoretical analyses in the societal space-time field.

本文的目标是未来社会学。由于从未来的日常语义和现代性的时间意识推断未来的标准社会学做法是不够的，因此本文引入了一种与批判理论相结合的综合认知社会学视角。它通过识别组织思想、机构和文化的不同层次的认知结构，并跟踪它们在社会动态中的作用，使人们看到了社会生活的一个基本维度，而这一维度在很大程度上被视为理所当然、被误解或被忽视。这一视角将社会文化和自然主义方法结合起来，并引入了时空概念。其核心是对 "现在-过去-未来 "这一关键序列进行模式分析，重点关注未来的独特地位。它被模态概念化，不是像通常那样简单地从可能性的角度，而是从其作为一种必要的形式通用文化模式的模态角度，这种模式首先使未来成为可能，并使面向未来的导向得以建立和维持。由此产生的认知社会学解释为未来提供了一种新的理论理解，有助于在社会时空领域进行彻底的社会学和批判性理论分析。

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引用次数: 0

Towards a sociology of the future: An exploration in cognitive social theory 迈向未来社会学：认知社会理论的探索

IF 2.1 1区社会学 Q1 Social Sciences

European Journal of Social Theory

Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1177/13684310241226615

P. Strydom

The aim of this article is a sociology of the future. Since the standard sociological practice of extrapolating from everyday semantics of the future and the time-consciousness of modernity is inadequate, an integrated cognitive sociological perspective allied to critical theory is introduced. It makes visible an essential dimension of social life that is either largely taken for granted, misunderstood or ignored by identifying different levels of cognitive structures organising minds, institutions and culture and following their role in societal dynamics. This perspective mediates the sociocultural and naturalistic approaches and introduces the concept of space-time. Centrally, a modal analysis of the key present-past-future sequence is presented, with the focus on the distinct status of the future. It is modally conceptualised, not simply in terms of possibility as is usual, but rather in terms of its modality as a necessary formal generic cultural model that makes the future in the first place conceivable and enables an orientation towards it to be established and maintained. The resulting cognitive sociological account offers a novel theoretical understanding of the future which could facilitate thorough sociological and critical theoretical analyses in the societal space-time field.

本文的目标是未来社会学。由于从未来的日常语义和现代性的时间意识推断未来的标准社会学做法是不够的，因此本文引入了一种与批判理论相结合的综合认知社会学视角。它通过识别组织思想、机构和文化的不同层次的认知结构，并跟踪它们在社会动态中的作用，使人们看到了社会生活的一个基本维度，而这一维度在很大程度上被视为理所当然、被误解或被忽视。这一视角将社会文化和自然主义方法结合起来，并引入了时空概念。其核心是对 "现在-过去-未来 "这一关键序列进行模式分析，重点关注未来的独特地位。它被模态概念化，不是像通常那样简单地从可能性的角度，而是从其作为一种必要的形式通用文化模式的模态角度，这种模式首先使未来成为可能，并使面向未来的导向得以建立和维持。由此产生的认知社会学解释为未来提供了一种新的理论理解，有助于在社会时空领域进行彻底的社会学和批判性理论分析。

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引用次数: 0

Polanyi's discovery of society and the digital phase of the industrial revolution. 波兰尼对社会的发现和工业革命的数字阶段

IF 2.1 1区社会学 Q1 Social Sciences

European Journal of Social Theory

Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-02 DOI: 10.1177/13684310231158726

Dean Curran

Polanyi's (1957 [1944]) The Great Transformation stands as a towering analysis of the industrial revolution and a powerful social warning against social and natural damage driven by the pursuit of maximal economic value. Polanyi envisioned that the 'discovery of society', due to its radical neglect during the industrial revolution, led to this new social knowledge resulting in the end of laissez-faire and the self-regulating market. Yet, the most recent phase of the industrial revolution, the digital phase, suggests that many of the same failures to manage industrial revolutions are occurring again. In particular, looking at the emerging digital economy through the prism of Polanyi's social theory, this article argues that the changes driven by the digital economy, specifically in terms of the reshaping of attention and sociality and the increasing potential for 'normal catastrophes', suggests that Polanyi's lesson of the destructive power of the self-regulating market is again being neglected.

波兰尼（1957[1944]）的《大变革》是对工业革命的一次深刻分析，也是对追求最大经济价值所造成的社会和自然损害的一次强有力的社会警告。波兰尼设想，由于在工业革命期间被彻底忽视，“社会的发现”导致了这种新的社会知识，导致了自由放任和自我调节市场的终结。然而，工业革命的最新阶段，即数字阶段，表明许多在管理工业革命方面同样的失败正在再次发生。特别是，通过波兰尼社会理论的棱镜来看待新兴的数字经济，本文认为，数字经济驱动的变化，特别是在注意力和社会性的重塑方面，以及“正常灾难”的可能性越来越大，这表明波兰尼关于自律市场破坏力的教训再次被忽视。

引用次数: 0

Technocratic myopia: On the pitfalls of depoliticising the future 技术官僚近视症：未来非政治化的陷阱

IF 2.1 1区社会学 Q1 Social Sciences

European Journal of Social Theory

Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/13684310241226613

Jonathan White

That democratic authorities are systematically focused on short-term considerations is a charge often made. This ‘democratic myopia’ thesis typically becomes the basis for advocating the empowerment of technocratic institutions, for example in economic policy. Much less examined is what one may call the technocratic myopia thesis – the possibility that technocratic institutions have their own distinctive drivers of short-termism. This article presents the case, with reference to the legitimacy forms, epistemologies and organisational structures in which technocratic authority is grounded. The suggestion is that not only may technocrats fall short of the claims to long-sightedness made of them, but that this is directly bound up in some of the core features of the technocratic method. The article goes on to discuss the implications for how contemporary societies govern the future in key domains of public policy.

民主当局一贯注重短期考虑，这是人们经常提出的指控。这种 "民主近视 "论调通常成为主张赋予技术官僚机构权力的依据，例如在经济政策方面。人们可能会称之为技术官僚近视论--技术官僚机构可能有自己独特的短期行为驱动因素，但对这一论点的研究要少得多。本文结合技术官僚权威所依据的合法性形式、认识论和组织结构，提出了这一论点。文章认为，技术官僚不仅可能达不到他们所宣称的长远眼光，而且这与技术官僚方法的某些核心特征直接相关。文章接着讨论了当代社会如何在公共政策的关键领域管理未来的影响。

引用次数: 0

Can we use the open future? Preparedness and innovation in times of self-generated uncertainty 我们能否利用开放的未来？自生不确定性时代的准备与创新

IF 2.1 1区社会学 Q1 Social Sciences

European Journal of Social Theory

Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1177/13684310231224546

Elena Esposito

Is the future simply open or can it be made more or less open? The awareness of the uncontrollable impact of present action on the future has recently raised a debate about the risks of innovation and rational planning. Relying on Luhmann’s concept of defuturization, the article confronts the two approaches of future-making and preparedness and proposes to combine them with reference to the management of innovation. This adds a purposeful dimension to the discourse about preparedness, aimed so far only at confronting damaging events: one can also be prepared to seize and exploit novel opportunities.

未来是开放的，还是可以更开放或不那么开放？由于意识到当前行动对未来的不可控影响，最近引发了一场关于创新和合理规划风险的辩论。根据卢曼（Luhmann）的 "脱虚向实"（defuturization）概念，文章直面了 "创造未来 "和 "准备未来 "这两种方法，并建议将它们结合起来，以创新管理为参照。这就为迄今为止仅以应对破坏性事件为目的的备灾论述增添了一个有目的的维度：人们也可以为抓住和利用新机遇做好准备。

引用次数: 0

Book review: The Colonial Origins of Modern Social Thought: French Sociology and the Overseas Empire 书评：现代社会思想的殖民地起源：法国社会学与海外帝国

IF 2.1 1区社会学 Q1 Social Sciences

European Journal of Social Theory

Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1177/13684310231225104

A. Meghji

引用次数: 0