Science Communication最新文献

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Researchers’ Public Engagement in the Context of Interdisciplinary Research Programs: Learning and Reflection from Boundary Crossing 跨学科研究项目背景下研究人员的公共参与：从跨界中的学习与反思

IF 9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Science Communication

Pub Date : 2022-11-17 DOI: 10.1177/10755470221137052

Friederike Hendriks, R. Bromme

Outreach activities might facilitate researchers’ boundary crossing not only between science and society but also between disciplines. This offers opportunities for learning and reflection on the individual and the organizational level, resulting in what we call retroactive effects. We questioned N = 75 researchers of two interdisciplinary research programs. Researchers reported positive retroactive effects on their enjoyment of and skills for engaging in outreach activities (OA) and partly agreed that OA had benefited interdisciplinary communication and networking within the research program. However, doctoral researchers were hesitant toward public engagement, compared with postdoctoral researchers and professors. This research allows implications for fostering the role of researchers in institutional communication efforts.

外联活动不仅有助于研究人员跨越科学与社会之间的界限，也有助于学科之间的界限。这为个人和组织层面的学习和反思提供了机会，产生了我们所说的追溯效应。我们询问了两个跨学科研究项目的N=75名研究人员。研究人员报告称，他们对参与外展活动（OA）的乐趣和技能产生了积极的追溯作用，并部分同意OA有利于研究项目中的跨学科沟通和网络。然而，与博士后研究人员和教授相比，博士研究人员对公众参与犹豫不决。这项研究为培养研究人员在机构沟通工作中的作用提供了启示。

引用次数: 0

Participatory Science Communication Through Consensus Conferences: Legitimacy Evaluations of a German Consensus Conference on Genome Editing 通过共识会议的参与式科学传播:对德国基因组编辑共识会议的合法性评估

IF 9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Science Communication

Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/10755470221133130

L. Dendler

Considering growing deliberative turns within and beyond science communication coupled with calls for their systematic evaluations, this paper presents a legitimacy framework to analyze a recent consensus conference on the topic of genome editing. Drawing upon participant surveys (PSs) and interviews, it confirms difficulties of this deliberative method in achieving inclusive input from across society as well as conflicts between deliberative ideals, empirical communication practice, and ensuring impact on policy making. The case calls for more experimentation with hybrid online/offline approaches while staying aware of unequally distributed deliberation abilities and the need for unifying outputs.

考虑到科学传播内外越来越多的审议转向以及对其系统评估的呼吁，本文提出了一个合法性框架来分析最近关于基因组编辑主题的共识会议。根据参与者调查和访谈，本文证实了这种协商方法在实现全社会包容性投入方面的困难，以及协商理想、经验沟通实践和确保对政策制定的影响之间的冲突。该案例呼吁对在线/离线混合方法进行更多实验，同时保持对不均匀分布的审议能力和统一输出的需求的认识。

引用次数: 1

Benefits and Pitfalls of Debunking Interventions to Counter mRNA Vaccination Misinformation During the COVID-19 Pandemic. COVID-19大流行期间反mRNA疫苗接种错误信息的揭穿干预措施的益处和缺陷

IF 4.6 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Science Communication

Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/10755470221129608

Philipp Schmid, Cornelia Betsch

Misinformation about mRNA vaccination is a barrier in the global fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, authorities often rely on text-based refutations as a countermeasure. In two experiments (N = 2,444), text-based refutations effectively reduced the belief in misinformation and immunized participants against the impact of a misleading social media post. However, a follow-up (N = 817) questions the longevity of these debunking and prebunking effects. Moreover, the studies reveal potential pitfalls by showing a row of unintended effects of the refutations (lacking effect on intentions, backfire-effects among religious groups, and biased judgments when omitting information about vaccine side effects).

关于mRNA疫苗接种的错误信息是全球抗击COVID-19大流行的障碍。因此，当局经常依靠基于文本的反驳作为对策。在两个实验中(N = 2,444)，基于文本的反驳有效地降低了对错误信息的信念，并使参与者免受误导性社交媒体帖子的影响。然而，一项后续研究(N = 817)质疑这些揭穿和预掩体效应的持久性。此外，这些研究揭示了潜在的陷阱，显示了一系列意想不到的反驳效果(缺乏对意图的影响，宗教团体的反作用，以及遗漏疫苗副作用信息时的偏见判断)。

引用次数: 0

Humor Can Increase Perceived Communicator Effectiveness Regardless of Race, Gender, and Expertise—If You are Funny Enough 无论种族、性别和专业知识如何，幽默都能提高沟通者的感知效率——如果你足够有趣的话

IF 9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Science Communication

Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/10755470221132278

Sara K. Yeo, Amy B. Becker, M. Cacciatore, Ashley A. Anderson, Kasha Patel

Across a wide range of issues and a variety of sources, scientific information often gets lost in translation, failing to properly inform, educate, and engage publics in a meaningful way. But science communication is like a wine—it is better when it is outside the box. One promising tactic for more effective scientific communication is the use of humor to both engage and educate less interested and knowledgeable citizens on important topics. Here, we investigate whether the identity of a speaker influences perceptions of their effectiveness at connecting with and engaging public audiences. We conducted a 2 (Gender: Female vs. Male) × 2 (Race: Black Speaker vs. White Speaker) × 2 (Credentials: Scientist vs. Comedian) between-subjects experiment and found that race and gender of the source, relative to their credentials, were not significant factors for predicting the perceptions of communicator effectiveness. We also found that experienced humor, or mirth, moderated the relationship between the speaker’s credentials and perceived effectiveness. We discuss the implications of our findings for science communication research and practice.

在广泛的问题和各种来源中，科学信息经常在翻译中丢失，未能以有意义的方式适当地告知、教育和吸引公众。但科学交流就像一杯葡萄酒——当它在盒子之外时会更好。更有效的科学交流的一个有前途的策略是使用幽默来吸引和教育不太感兴趣和知识渊博的公民了解重要话题。在这里，我们调查了演讲者的身份是否会影响他们在与公众联系和吸引公众方面的有效性。我们在受试者之间进行了一项2（性别：女性与男性）×2（种族：黑人与白人）×2。我们还发现，经验幽默或欢笑调节了演讲者的资历和感知效果之间的关系。我们讨论了我们的发现对科学传播研究和实践的启示。

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引用次数: 1

Media Use, Interpersonal Communication, and Attitudes Toward Artificial Intelligence 媒体使用、人际交流和对人工智能的态度

IF 9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Science Communication

Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/10755470221130307

P. Brewer, James Bingaman, Ashley Paintsil, D. C. Wilson, Wyatt Dawson

This study examines how members of the public frame artificial intelligence (AI) along with how news use predicts “frames in mind” for AI. The study also tests whether news use, science fiction viewing, and discussing technology influence attitudes toward AI independently and in conjunction with one another. The analyses use data from a nationally representative online panel survey. Respondents invoked social progress and Pandora’s box frames for AI, and technology news use predicted mentioning each frame. Use of technology news also predicted change in support for AI, while science fiction viewing and discussing technology were conditionally related to such change.

这项研究考察了公众如何构建人工智能(AI)，以及新闻使用如何预测人工智能的“思维框架”。该研究还测试了新闻使用、科幻小说观看和讨论技术是否会单独或相互影响人们对人工智能的态度。这些分析使用了一项具有全国代表性的在线小组调查的数据。受访者提到了人工智能的社会进步和潘多拉盒子框架，技术新闻使用预测提到了每一个框架。科技新闻的使用也预示着对人工智能支持的变化，而科幻小说的观看和讨论与这种变化有条件地相关。

引用次数: 3

Science Journalism in India: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats 印度的科学新闻:优势、劣势、机会和威胁

IF 9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Science Communication

Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/10755470221134253

P Pedda Sadhu Naik

Science journalism in India is need-based and happens only when the country is in crisis. There are many reasons to it including a lack of journalistic training in presenting science stories. While India has one of the largest newspaper markets in the world, its reach does not extend to one-third of its population. The vastness and vibrancy of the country, teeming millions in need of decent science stories in hundreds of different languages, and a large network of research institutions and think tanks offer enormous opportunities for the proliferation of science journalism. Journalists must tap these opportunities to promote this scientific stream.

印度的科学新闻是基于需求的，只有当国家处于危机中时才会发生。造成这种情况的原因有很多，其中包括缺乏报道科学故事的新闻培训。虽然印度是世界上最大的报纸市场之一，但它的覆盖面还没有扩大到其人口的三分之一。这个国家幅员辽阔，充满活力，数以百万计的人需要数百种不同语言的体面科学故事，庞大的研究机构和智库网络为科学新闻的扩散提供了巨大的机会。记者必须利用这些机会来促进这一科学流。

引用次数: 1

No Laughing Matter: Exploring the Effects of Scientists’ Humor Use on Twitter and the Moderating Role of Superiority 无笑之事:探索科学家在推特上使用幽默的影响和优越感的调节作用

IF 9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Science Communication

Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/10755470221114352

A. L. Zhang, Hang Lu

This study explores the effects of two humor styles—pure humor and satire—on audiences’ Twitter engagement intentions as well as their attitudes toward mRNA Covid-19 vaccines. In an online between-subjects experiment (N = 484), these styles were embedded within a scientist’s tweet about the vaccines. The results showed that, compared to a no humor tweet, both pure humor and satire increased audience’s expectancy violation, subsequently decreasing both outcomes. Superiority as an individual trait also moderated the relationship between humor styles and both expectancy violation and Twitter engagement. These findings broaden our understanding of different humor styles in science communication on Twitter.

本研究探讨了纯幽默和讽刺两种幽默风格对受众Twitter参与意愿的影响，以及他们对mRNA - Covid-19疫苗的态度。在一项在线受试者之间的实验(N = 484)中，这些风格被嵌入到一位科学家关于疫苗的推特中。结果表明，与没有幽默的推文相比，纯幽默和讽刺都增加了观众的预期违反，随后两者的结果都有所下降。优越感作为一种个人特质也调节了幽默风格与期望违反和Twitter参与之间的关系。这些发现拓宽了我们对推特上科学传播中不同幽默风格的理解。

引用次数: 4

An Application of the Risk Information Seeking and Processing Model in Understanding College Students' COVID-19 Vaccination Information Seeking and Behavior. 风险信息寻求与处理模型在理解大学生新冠肺炎疫苗接种信息寻求与行为中的应用

IF 4.6 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Science Communication

Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/10755470221120415

Xin Zhou, Anthony J Roberto

This study tested the utility of risk information seeking and processing (RISP) model in understanding college students' information seeking about COVID-19 vaccines and their vaccination behavior. Participants (N = 158) completed a survey measuring the RISP constructs at Time 1 and their COVID-19 vaccination behavior at Time 2. The RISP model explained 71.1% of the variance in COVID-19 vaccine information seeking. Risk information seeking and attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine positively influenced college students' intentions to get the vaccine, which positively predicted their vaccination behavior. Overall, these variables explained 33.4% of the variance in COVID-19 vaccine intention, and 37.2% of the variance in COVID-19 vaccination behavior.

本研究检验了风险信息寻求与处理（RISP）模型在理解大学生对新冠肺炎疫苗的信息寻求及其接种行为方面的效用。参与者（N=158）完成了一项测量时间1的RISP构建和时间2的新冠肺炎疫苗接种行为的调查。RISP模型解释了新冠肺炎疫苗信息寻求中71.1%的方差。风险信息寻求和对新冠肺炎疫苗的态度对大学生接种疫苗的意愿有正向影响，对其接种行为有正向预测作用。总体而言，这些变量解释了33.4%的新冠肺炎疫苗接种意向差异和37.2%的新冠肺炎疫苗接种行为差异。

引用次数: 0

Television News, Political Comedy, Party, and Political Knowledge in Global Warming Belief: Evidence From a Large-Scale Panel Survey 全球变暖信仰中的电视新闻、政治喜剧、政党和政治知识：来自大规模小组调查的证据

IF 9 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Science Communication

Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/10755470221119839

Patrick C. Meirick

Secondary analysis of panel data found, after controlling for prior belief and many covariates, that 2011 Fox News viewing was negatively related to belief in global warming in 2016 and 2019, while MSNBC, broadcast news, and political comedy viewing in 2016 and CNN in 2019 had positive relationships. Partisan belief gaps in 2016 widened with CNN viewing and narrowed with viewing broadcast news, Fox News (especially with higher knowledge) and MSNBC (especially with lower knowledge), while political comedy viewing was associated both with wider (with lower knowledge) and narrower gaps (with higher knowledge). Implications for practice and theory are discussed.

对面板数据的二次分析发现，在控制了先前的信念和许多协变量后，2011年福克斯新闻的收视率与2016年和2019年对全球变暖的信念呈负相关，而2016年MSNBC、广播新闻和政治喜剧的收视率以及2019年CNN的收视率呈正相关。2016年，党派信仰差距随着美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）的观看而扩大，随着广播新闻、福克斯新闻（尤其是知识含量较高的新闻）和微软全国广播公司（尤其是信息含量较低的新闻）的观看缩小，而政治喜剧的观看则与更大（知识含量较低）和更窄（知识含量较高）的差距有关。讨论了对实践和理论的启示。

引用次数: 4

Missing the Bigger Picture: The Need for More Research on Visual Health Misinformation. 错过大局：需要对视觉健康误导进行更多研究。

IF 4.6 1区文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION

Science Communication

Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.1177/10755470221113833

Kathryn Heley, Anna Gaysynsky, Andy J King

Research shows that health misinformation is widespread online and poses a potentially significant threat to public health. Visual misinformation has been largely overlooked, a notable gap given the unique features and ubiquity of visual content. In this essay, we (a) provide a working definition of visual misinformation, (b) summarize the main categories of visual misinformation, (c) offer examples of the functions visuals can serve within misinformation content, and (d) outline priorities for advancing research on visual misinformation. A systematic approach to studying visual misinformation can improve efforts to mitigate health misinformation and optimize science communication in the current information environment.

研究表明，健康误导信息在网上十分普遍，对公众健康构成了潜在的重大威胁。视觉误导信息在很大程度上被忽视了，鉴于视觉内容的独特性和无处不在性，这是一个显著的缺陷。在本文中，我们将（a）提供视觉误导的工作定义，（b）总结视觉误导的主要类别，（c）举例说明视觉在误导内容中的功能，以及（d）概述推进视觉误导研究的优先事项。在当前的信息环境下，采用系统的方法来研究视觉误导信息，可以改进减少健康误导信息和优化科学传播的工作。

引用次数: 0

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