首页 > 最新文献

WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY最新文献

英文 中文
Collectors, class and conflict at the lower palaeolithic discovery at Stoke Newington, 1878-1884 1878-1884年,斯托克纽因顿旧石器时代早期发现的收藏家、阶级和冲突
IF 1.3 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2023.2170456
M. White
ABSTRACT This paper uses events following the 1878 discovery of a rich Lower Palaeolithic ‘living floor’ at Stoke Newington, London, to explore the social and economic relationships and imbalances that existed within Palaeolithic archaeology in the mid to late nineteenth century. It explores in particular the role of the British working classes in amassing the extant record, the biases they might have introduced and the value of this archaeology to their own lives and livelihoods.
本文利用1878年在伦敦斯托克纽因顿发现丰富的下旧石器时代“生活层”之后的事件,探索19世纪中后期旧石器时代考古学中存在的社会和经济关系和不平衡。它特别探讨了英国工人阶级在收集现存记录方面的作用,他们可能引入的偏见,以及这些考古对他们自己的生活和生计的价值。
{"title":"Collectors, class and conflict at the lower palaeolithic discovery at Stoke Newington, 1878-1884","authors":"M. White","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2023.2170456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2023.2170456","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper uses events following the 1878 discovery of a rich Lower Palaeolithic ‘living floor’ at Stoke Newington, London, to explore the social and economic relationships and imbalances that existed within Palaeolithic archaeology in the mid to late nineteenth century. It explores in particular the role of the British working classes in amassing the extant record, the biases they might have introduced and the value of this archaeology to their own lives and livelihoods.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"516 - 527"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48828582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Materialising inequalities in past, present and future 将过去、现在和未来的不平等具体化
IF 1.3 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2022.2233804
S. Semple, Rui Gomes Coelho
by critiquing methods for measuring inequality and propose new models for exploring in/equity. They ask readers to reflect on terminologies and create more inclusive archaeologies that recognise multi-vocality in past and present. The papers here are rich in case-studies that reveal not only how materiality might be suggestive of inequity but also the ways in which evidence can suggest processes of moderation and cooperation. The authors also point to how recognising the material traces of unequal treatment or access can allow new and different voices to join the narrative of the human past
通过对衡量不平等的方法进行批判,并提出了探索投资/公平的新模型。他们要求读者反思术语,并创建更具包容性的考古学,以识别过去和现在的多声部。这里的论文有大量的案例研究,不仅揭示了物质性如何暗示不公平,还揭示了证据如何暗示适度与合作的过程。作者还指出,认识到不平等待遇或准入的物质痕迹,可以让新的和不同的声音加入人类过去的叙事
{"title":"Materialising inequalities in past, present and future","authors":"S. Semple, Rui Gomes Coelho","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2022.2233804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2022.2233804","url":null,"abstract":"by critiquing methods for measuring inequality and propose new models for exploring in/equity. They ask readers to reflect on terminologies and create more inclusive archaeologies that recognise multi-vocality in past and present. The papers here are rich in case-studies that reveal not only how materiality might be suggestive of inequity but also the ways in which evidence can suggest processes of moderation and cooperation. The authors also point to how recognising the material traces of unequal treatment or access can allow new and different voices to join the narrative of the human past","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"493 - 501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49551221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unequal housing in Pompeii: using house size to measure inequality 庞贝不平等的住房:用房子的大小来衡量不平等
IF 1.3 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2023.2172069
Samuli Simelius
ABSTRACT House size is often used as a tool to calculate wealth in ancient societies, and thus it is also a potential source for the study of inequality. The site of Pompeii, on the Bay of Naples in southern Italy, was first inhabited about 800 years before the eruption of Mount Vesuvius buried it 79 CE. The city provides one of the largest data sets of private architecture in the Roman world, and it has been utilized to calculate the level of inequality in a Roman urban setting. Nonetheless, to understand the inequality of the entire society of the city, these calculations need to be developed. This article uses quantitative and statistical methods, such as Gini coefficients, Lorenz Curves, and also simpler graphs and their interpretation to advance establish methods for exploring inequality through house and building size. A method is proposed for identifying the top economic elite in this urban setting, and the article develops the calculation of inequality further, to encompass even individuals who did not own buildings. As a result, excavated Pompeii’s top economic elite is estimated to have comprised 50 to 100 households, with a high level of inequality evident in this ancient city during its final phase, the year 79 CE.
在古代社会,房屋大小经常被用作计算财富的工具,因此它也是研究不平等的潜在来源。庞贝古城位于意大利南部的那不勒斯湾,在公元79年维苏威火山爆发将其掩埋之前,大约800年前就有人居住了。这座城市提供了罗马世界最大的私人建筑数据集之一,它被用来计算罗马城市环境中的不平等程度。然而,为了理解整个城市社会的不平等,这些计算需要发展。本文使用定量和统计方法,如基尼系数,洛伦兹曲线,以及更简单的图表及其解释,以推进通过房屋和建筑大小探索不平等的建立方法。提出了一种方法来识别这个城市环境中的顶级经济精英,文章进一步发展了不平等的计算,甚至包括没有拥有建筑物的个人。因此,据估计,在庞贝古城的最后阶段,也就是公元79年,挖掘出来的顶级经济精英有50到100户人家,这个古城的不平等程度非常明显。
{"title":"Unequal housing in Pompeii: using house size to measure inequality","authors":"Samuli Simelius","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2023.2172069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2023.2172069","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT House size is often used as a tool to calculate wealth in ancient societies, and thus it is also a potential source for the study of inequality. The site of Pompeii, on the Bay of Naples in southern Italy, was first inhabited about 800 years before the eruption of Mount Vesuvius buried it 79 CE. The city provides one of the largest data sets of private architecture in the Roman world, and it has been utilized to calculate the level of inequality in a Roman urban setting. Nonetheless, to understand the inequality of the entire society of the city, these calculations need to be developed. This article uses quantitative and statistical methods, such as Gini coefficients, Lorenz Curves, and also simpler graphs and their interpretation to advance establish methods for exploring inequality through house and building size. A method is proposed for identifying the top economic elite in this urban setting, and the article develops the calculation of inequality further, to encompass even individuals who did not own buildings. As a result, excavated Pompeii’s top economic elite is estimated to have comprised 50 to 100 households, with a high level of inequality evident in this ancient city during its final phase, the year 79 CE.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"602 - 624"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41765195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The organics revolution: new narratives and how we can achieve them 有机物革命:新的叙事以及我们如何实现它们
IF 1.3 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2023.2179537
P. Johnston, T. Booth, N. Carlin, L. Cramp, B. Edwards, M. G. Knight, D. Mooney, N. Overton, R. Stevens, J. Thomas, N. Whitehouse, S. Griffiths
ABSTRACT Organic remains from excavated sites include a wide range of materials, from distinct organisms (‘ecofacts’) to biomolecules. Biomolecules provide a variety of new research avenues, while ecofacts with longer histories of study are now being re-harnessed in unexpected ways. These resources are unlocking research potential, transcending what was previously imagined possible. However, this ‘organics revolution’ comes with a salutary corollary: our approaches to recovering and curating organics, and making accessible research data, are not developing as quickly as we need. In this paper, we review retention guidelines for institutions in Britain and Ireland, setting this against the backdrop of a ‘curation crisis’ that is affecting museums throughout Europe, and beyond. We suggest key themes, including the state of existing documentation and considerations of intrinsic and allied research potential, that should be used to open a discussion about the development of more comprehensive and standardised approaches to archiving in the future. Engaging in this conversation is the only way that we can hope to ensure the long-term retention and preservation of organics, while safeguarding associated research data. These changes are needed to ensure future global research collaborations across the academic, curatorial and professional archaeological sectors.
摘要:发掘出的有机遗迹包括各种各样的物质,从不同的生物体(“辅因子”)到生物分子。生物分子提供了各种新的研究途径,而具有较长研究历史的生态事实现在正以意想不到的方式被重新利用。这些资源正在释放研究潜力,超越了以前的想象。然而,这场“有机物革命”带来了一个有益的推论:我们回收和管理有机物的方法,以及提供可访问的研究数据的方法,并没有像我们需要的那样迅速发展。在这篇论文中,我们回顾了英国和爱尔兰机构的保留指南,并将其置于影响整个欧洲及其他地区博物馆的“策展危机”的背景下。我们提出了关键主题,包括现有文件的状态以及对内在和相关研究潜力的考虑,这些主题应用于开启关于未来开发更全面和标准化的归档方法的讨论。参与这场对话是我们希望确保有机物长期保留和保存,同时保护相关研究数据的唯一途径。这些变化是确保未来学术、策展和专业考古部门全球研究合作所必需的。
{"title":"The organics revolution: new narratives and how we can achieve them","authors":"P. Johnston, T. Booth, N. Carlin, L. Cramp, B. Edwards, M. G. Knight, D. Mooney, N. Overton, R. Stevens, J. Thomas, N. Whitehouse, S. Griffiths","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2023.2179537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2023.2179537","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Organic remains from excavated sites include a wide range of materials, from distinct organisms (‘ecofacts’) to biomolecules. Biomolecules provide a variety of new research avenues, while ecofacts with longer histories of study are now being re-harnessed in unexpected ways. These resources are unlocking research potential, transcending what was previously imagined possible. However, this ‘organics revolution’ comes with a salutary corollary: our approaches to recovering and curating organics, and making accessible research data, are not developing as quickly as we need. In this paper, we review retention guidelines for institutions in Britain and Ireland, setting this against the backdrop of a ‘curation crisis’ that is affecting museums throughout Europe, and beyond. We suggest key themes, including the state of existing documentation and considerations of intrinsic and allied research potential, that should be used to open a discussion about the development of more comprehensive and standardised approaches to archiving in the future. Engaging in this conversation is the only way that we can hope to ensure the long-term retention and preservation of organics, while safeguarding associated research data. These changes are needed to ensure future global research collaborations across the academic, curatorial and professional archaeological sectors.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"447 - 463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47213280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Illegal archaeological excavation crime in Jordanian law 约旦法律中的非法考古发掘罪
IF 1.3 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2023.2196959
Hamzeh Abu Issa, Naji Alwerikat
ABSTRACT This article examines the crime of archaeological excavation addressed in the article (26/a/1) of the Antiquities Law of (1988). Clarification of the pillars of such crime required the adoption of descriptive and analytical approach. It included reviewing relevant viewpoints of jurists and judicial jurisprudence. A Thorough analysis included the determination of material, moral elements of the crime and applied penalty. This crime acquires the description of a misdemeanor in crime classification system. Thus, illegal archaeological-excavation activity forms the material element of such misdemeanor. Moreover, illegal archaeological excavation must be carried out in an archaeological site. The moral element of this crime is represented by the general criminal intent. It means that the offender was aware that he is illegally excavating in an archaeological site. The Jordanian legislator required the existence of a special intention expressed in the offender’s aim to find antiquities or archaeological remains.
摘要本文探讨了1988年《文物法》第(26/a/1)条所述的考古发掘罪。要澄清这类犯罪的支柱,就必须采用描述性和分析性的方法。它包括回顾法学家和司法法学的相关观点。全面的分析包括犯罪的物质、道德因素和适用刑罚的确定。该罪在犯罪分类体系中获得了轻罪的描述。因此,非法考古发掘活动构成了此类轻罪的物质要件。此外,非法考古发掘必须在考古遗址内进行。这种犯罪的道德因素表现为一般的犯罪意图。这意味着罪犯知道他在考古遗址非法挖掘。约旦立法者要求罪犯在寻找文物或考古遗迹的目的中表达特殊意图。
{"title":"Illegal archaeological excavation crime in Jordanian law","authors":"Hamzeh Abu Issa, Naji Alwerikat","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2023.2196959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2023.2196959","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the crime of archaeological excavation addressed in the article (26/a/1) of the Antiquities Law of (1988). Clarification of the pillars of such crime required the adoption of descriptive and analytical approach. It included reviewing relevant viewpoints of jurists and judicial jurisprudence. A Thorough analysis included the determination of material, moral elements of the crime and applied penalty. This crime acquires the description of a misdemeanor in crime classification system. Thus, illegal archaeological-excavation activity forms the material element of such misdemeanor. Moreover, illegal archaeological excavation must be carried out in an archaeological site. The moral element of this crime is represented by the general criminal intent. It means that the offender was aware that he is illegally excavating in an archaeological site. The Jordanian legislator required the existence of a special intention expressed in the offender’s aim to find antiquities or archaeological remains.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"477 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44070619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Imperial ritual appropriation and violence?: the severed heads from Fiambalá and Copiapó during Inca times 帝国仪式侵占和暴力?:印加时代菲安巴拉和科皮亚波被砍下的头颅
IF 1.3 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2023.2179536
Francisco Garrido, Norma Ratto, Catalina Morales, Julia De Stéfano, Claudia M. Aranda, L. Luna
ABSTRACT The appropriation of local ritual practices and their expansion as part of the Inca imperial ideology is a well-documented mode of dominance in the Central Andes. However, there is still no relevant evidence on how it worked in the southern areas of the empire. We show how the Incas might have appropriated some local ritual practices that consisted of burying caches of skulls with perforations, possibly associated with ancestor veneration cults. However, the meanings associated with this practice seem to have changed during the Inca expansion to Chile, serving as a device for coercion over local populations in the Copiapó valley.
摘要作为印加帝国意识形态的一部分,对当地仪式习俗的挪用和扩展是安第斯山脉中部一种有充分记录的统治模式。然而,目前还没有相关证据表明它是如何在帝国南部地区发挥作用的。我们展示了印加人是如何挪用一些当地的仪式做法的,这些仪式包括用穿孔埋葬头骨,可能与祖先崇拜有关。然而,在印加向智利扩张期间,与这种做法相关的含义似乎发生了变化,成为对科皮亚波山谷当地人口进行胁迫的手段。
{"title":"Imperial ritual appropriation and violence?: the severed heads from Fiambalá and Copiapó during Inca times","authors":"Francisco Garrido, Norma Ratto, Catalina Morales, Julia De Stéfano, Claudia M. Aranda, L. Luna","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2023.2179536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2023.2179536","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The appropriation of local ritual practices and their expansion as part of the Inca imperial ideology is a well-documented mode of dominance in the Central Andes. However, there is still no relevant evidence on how it worked in the southern areas of the empire. We show how the Incas might have appropriated some local ritual practices that consisted of burying caches of skulls with perforations, possibly associated with ancestor veneration cults. However, the meanings associated with this practice seem to have changed during the Inca expansion to Chile, serving as a device for coercion over local populations in the Copiapó valley.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"464 - 476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46748037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Resilience and adaptation of agricultural practice in Neolithic Çatalhöyük, Turkey 土耳其新石器时代Çatalhöyük农业实践的复原力和适应性
IF 1.3 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2022.2125058
G. Ayala, A. Bogaard, M. Charles, J. Wainwright
ABSTRACT Andrew Sherratt’s ‘Water, soil and seasonality’, World Archaeology (1980), signposted a long-term debate surrounding early farming adaptations to riverine landscapes in western Asia and Europe. Recent research at Çatalhöyük in central Anatolia, a key case study in Sherratt’s ‘floodplain cultivation’ model, enables integrated, evidence-based assessment of the local hydrology and agroecology, and of farmers’ resilience over more than a millennium. In contrast to previous models, the agroecological niche at Çatalhöyük featured strategic planting of diverse crops across a range of hydrological conditions, within and beyond a broad ‘belt’ of small anastomosing river channels extending a kilometre from the site. Growing conditions likely depended on location relative to settlement, a nutrient-rich ‘hot spot’, with diminishing inputs of organic matter and mechanical disturbance away from the tell. This reconstruction contrasts with the original model of ‘floodplain cultivation’ and demonstrates the complexity with which agroecologies evolved through landscape affordances, creative cropping, and resilience.
摘要:Andrew Sherratt的《水、土壤和季节性》,《世界考古学》(1980),标志着一场围绕西亚和欧洲早期农业对河流景观的适应的长期争论。最近在安纳托利亚中部Çatalhöyük进行的研究是Sherratt“洪泛平原种植”模式中的一项关键案例研究,它能够对当地水文和农业生态以及农民一千多年来的复原力进行综合、循证的评估。与之前的模型相比,Çatalhöyük的农业生态位以在一系列水文条件下战略性种植各种作物为特色,在距离现场一公里的小型网状河道“带”内外。生长条件可能取决于相对于定居点的位置,定居点是一个营养丰富的“热点”,有机物的输入减少,机械干扰远离地表。这种重建与最初的“洪泛平原种植”模式形成了对比,并展示了农业生态通过景观可供性、创造性种植和恢复力演变的复杂性。
{"title":"Resilience and adaptation of agricultural practice in Neolithic Çatalhöyük, Turkey","authors":"G. Ayala, A. Bogaard, M. Charles, J. Wainwright","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2022.2125058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2022.2125058","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Andrew Sherratt’s ‘Water, soil and seasonality’, World Archaeology (1980), signposted a long-term debate surrounding early farming adaptations to riverine landscapes in western Asia and Europe. Recent research at Çatalhöyük in central Anatolia, a key case study in Sherratt’s ‘floodplain cultivation’ model, enables integrated, evidence-based assessment of the local hydrology and agroecology, and of farmers’ resilience over more than a millennium. In contrast to previous models, the agroecological niche at Çatalhöyük featured strategic planting of diverse crops across a range of hydrological conditions, within and beyond a broad ‘belt’ of small anastomosing river channels extending a kilometre from the site. Growing conditions likely depended on location relative to settlement, a nutrient-rich ‘hot spot’, with diminishing inputs of organic matter and mechanical disturbance away from the tell. This reconstruction contrasts with the original model of ‘floodplain cultivation’ and demonstrates the complexity with which agroecologies evolved through landscape affordances, creative cropping, and resilience.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"407 - 428"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43955155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Towards a Jōmon food database: construction, analysis and implications for Hokkaido and the Ryukyu Islands, Japan 日本北海道和琉球群岛食品数据库的构建、分析及其意义
IF 1.3 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2022.2089726
Aya Komatsu, E. Cooper, I. Alsos, A. Brown
ABSTRACT One of the most entrenched binary oppositions in archaeology and anthropology has been the agriculturalist vs hunter-gatherer-fisher dichotomy fuelling a debate that this paper tackles from the bottom-up by seeking to reconstruct full past diets. The Japanese prehistoric Jōmon cultures survived without fully-developed agriculture for more than 10,000 years. Here we compile a comprehensive, holistic database of archaeobotanical and archaeozoological records from the two ends of the archipelago, the northernmost prefecture of Hokkaido and the southernmost island-chain of Ryukyu. The results suggest Jōmon diets varied far more geographically than they did over time, and likely cultivated taxa were important in both regions. This provides the basis for examining how fisher-hunter-gatherer diets can fulfil nutritional requirements from varied environments and were resilient in the face of environmental change.
摘要考古学和人类学中最根深蒂固的二元对立之一是农学家与狩猎采集者-渔民的二分法,这引发了一场争论,本文试图通过重建完整的过去饮食来自下而上地解决这场争论。日本史前的日本文化在没有充分发展农业的情况下存活了一万多年。在这里,我们汇编了一个来自群岛两端、北海道最北端和琉球岛最南端的古植物和古动物记录的全面、整体数据库。研究结果表明,Jōmon的饮食在地理上的差异远大于随时间的变化,可能栽培的分类群在这两个地区都很重要。这为研究捕鱼-狩猎-采集者的饮食如何满足不同环境的营养需求,并在面对环境变化时具有弹性提供了基础。
{"title":"Towards a Jōmon food database: construction, analysis and implications for Hokkaido and the Ryukyu Islands, Japan","authors":"Aya Komatsu, E. Cooper, I. Alsos, A. Brown","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2022.2089726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2022.2089726","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT One of the most entrenched binary oppositions in archaeology and anthropology has been the agriculturalist vs hunter-gatherer-fisher dichotomy fuelling a debate that this paper tackles from the bottom-up by seeking to reconstruct full past diets. The Japanese prehistoric Jōmon cultures survived without fully-developed agriculture for more than 10,000 years. Here we compile a comprehensive, holistic database of archaeobotanical and archaeozoological records from the two ends of the archipelago, the northernmost prefecture of Hokkaido and the southernmost island-chain of Ryukyu. The results suggest Jōmon diets varied far more geographically than they did over time, and likely cultivated taxa were important in both regions. This provides the basis for examining how fisher-hunter-gatherer diets can fulfil nutritional requirements from varied environments and were resilient in the face of environmental change.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"390 - 406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41612443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Acheulean is a temporally cohesive tradition 阿舍利是一个暂时的有凝聚力的传统
IF 1.3 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2023.2169340
Alastair J. M. Key
ABSTRACT The Acheulean has long been considered a single, unified tradition. Decades of morphometric and technological evidence supports such an understanding by demonstrating that a single fundamental Bauplan was followed for more than 1.6 million years. What remains unknown is whether sites assigned to the Acheulean represent multiple socially-independent iterations of the same technological solution to shared ecological (functional) and ergonomic demands. Here, using the ‘surprise test’, the temporal cohesion of the Acheulean record is statistically assessed for the first time. Chronological data from 81 early and late Acheulean sites are investigated to see if breaks in this record warrant the designation of separate, culturally distinct groupings of sites. No significant results were returned, suggesting the Acheulean to be temporally cohesive and there to be no evidence of cultural convergence from a temporal perspective. When combined with previous morphometric, technological and spatial evidence, the best-fit scenario for the Acheulean continues to be that it represents a single, but variable, tradition.
阿舍利人一直被认为是一个单一的、统一的传统。几十年的形态计量学和技术证据支持了这种理解,证明了一个基本的Bauplan被沿用了160多万年。目前尚不清楚的是,分配给Acheulean的地点是否代表了同一技术解决方案的多个社会独立迭代,以满足共同的生态(功能)和人体工程学需求。在这里,使用“惊喜测试”,首次对阿舍利记录的时间内聚性进行了统计评估。对81个早期和晚期阿舍利遗址的年代数据进行了调查,以确定这一记录的打破是否有理由指定单独的、文化上不同的遗址分组。没有得到显著的结果,这表明阿舍利人在时间上是有凝聚力的,从时间的角度来看,没有证据表明文化趋同。当与之前的形态计量学、技术和空间证据相结合时,最适合阿丘利人的场景仍然是它代表了一个单一但可变的传统。
{"title":"The Acheulean is a temporally cohesive tradition","authors":"Alastair J. M. Key","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2023.2169340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2023.2169340","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Acheulean has long been considered a single, unified tradition. Decades of morphometric and technological evidence supports such an understanding by demonstrating that a single fundamental Bauplan was followed for more than 1.6 million years. What remains unknown is whether sites assigned to the Acheulean represent multiple socially-independent iterations of the same technological solution to shared ecological (functional) and ergonomic demands. Here, using the ‘surprise test’, the temporal cohesion of the Acheulean record is statistically assessed for the first time. Chronological data from 81 early and late Acheulean sites are investigated to see if breaks in this record warrant the designation of separate, culturally distinct groupings of sites. No significant results were returned, suggesting the Acheulean to be temporally cohesive and there to be no evidence of cultural convergence from a temporal perspective. When combined with previous morphometric, technological and spatial evidence, the best-fit scenario for the Acheulean continues to be that it represents a single, but variable, tradition.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"365 - 389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49149705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Charismatic megafauna, regional identity, and invasive species: what role does environmental archaeology play in contemporary conservation efforts? 极具魅力的巨型动物群、区域特征和入侵物种:环境考古在当代保护工作中扮演什么角色?
IF 1.3 2区 历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2022.2118161
Meryl Shriver-Rice, M. J. Schneider, Christine J. Pardo
ABSTRACT The popular prioritization of climate change issues over biodiversity loss in environmental archaeology and palaeoecology has been argued to be in part due to agenda-setting created by the ripple effects of widespread media coverage of climatic change. In this paper, we argue that direct scientific evidence for past human landscapes can act as a powerful tool in modern conservation efforts to combat species loss when taking regional identities, historical ecology, and modern political ecologies into account. How to rank and prioritize conservation efforts in the Anthropocene and best make use of archaeological data are lingering questions within Anthropocene anthropology and archaeological science. By engaging with notions of deep-time enchantment and identity, archaeology can aid conservation biology with revealing the religio-philosophical dimensions that exist between humans and other species, in particular charismatic megafauna that lend themselves to high engagement at a local or regional level.
摘要在环境考古和古生态学中,人们普遍将气候变化问题置于生物多样性丧失之上,这在一定程度上是由于媒体对气候变化的广泛报道所产生的连锁反应。在本文中,我们认为,在考虑到区域身份、历史生态学和现代政治生态学的情况下,过去人类景观的直接科学证据可以成为现代保护工作中对抗物种损失的有力工具。如何对人类世的保护工作进行排名和排序,并最好地利用考古数据,是人类世人类学和考古科学中挥之不去的问题。通过融入深层时间魅力和身份认同的概念,考古学可以帮助保护生物学揭示人类和其他物种之间存在的宗教哲学维度,特别是有魅力的巨型动物,它们有助于在地方或区域层面上进行高度参与。
{"title":"Charismatic megafauna, regional identity, and invasive species: what role does environmental archaeology play in contemporary conservation efforts?","authors":"Meryl Shriver-Rice, M. J. Schneider, Christine J. Pardo","doi":"10.1080/00438243.2022.2118161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2022.2118161","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The popular prioritization of climate change issues over biodiversity loss in environmental archaeology and palaeoecology has been argued to be in part due to agenda-setting created by the ripple effects of widespread media coverage of climatic change. In this paper, we argue that direct scientific evidence for past human landscapes can act as a powerful tool in modern conservation efforts to combat species loss when taking regional identities, historical ecology, and modern political ecologies into account. How to rank and prioritize conservation efforts in the Anthropocene and best make use of archaeological data are lingering questions within Anthropocene anthropology and archaeological science. By engaging with notions of deep-time enchantment and identity, archaeology can aid conservation biology with revealing the religio-philosophical dimensions that exist between humans and other species, in particular charismatic megafauna that lend themselves to high engagement at a local or regional level.","PeriodicalId":47942,"journal":{"name":"WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY","volume":"54 1","pages":"429 - 446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47013670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
期刊
WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1