Pub Date : 2022-11-26DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2023.2174232
Wanyi Guan, Binglong Li, J. Qian
ABSTRACT The mechanism of size constancy assures that an object is perceived to be constant in size despite that its retinal size varies with viewing distance. Conversely, an object can be perceived as illusorily larger if the perceived distance becomes greater, due to the size–distance scaling mechanism. The present study aimed at exploring how size–distance scaling is modulated by the encoding duration and how its memory is affected by the retention duration. In Experiment 1, we presented two stimuli simultaneously at two stereoscopic depth planes and manipulated the presentation duration, and found that the magnitude of the size scaling increased with presentation duration. In Experiment 2, we examined the maintenance of size–distance scaling when component stimulus was kept in working memory with variable delays. The results showed that the size scaling was reliably retrieved from working memory if there was no disparity manipulation on the to-be-memorized item, but it decreased with retention if a disparity was applied to the to-be-memorized item. The findings suggest that although the post-scaling size can be stored in working memory, the scaling mechanism may still be in effect when there were conflicts in the oculomotor cues and disparity cues that produces depth perception.
{"title":"Time course of encoding and maintenance of stereoscopically induced size–distance scaling","authors":"Wanyi Guan, Binglong Li, J. Qian","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2023.2174232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2023.2174232","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The mechanism of size constancy assures that an object is perceived to be constant in size despite that its retinal size varies with viewing distance. Conversely, an object can be perceived as illusorily larger if the perceived distance becomes greater, due to the size–distance scaling mechanism. The present study aimed at exploring how size–distance scaling is modulated by the encoding duration and how its memory is affected by the retention duration. In Experiment 1, we presented two stimuli simultaneously at two stereoscopic depth planes and manipulated the presentation duration, and found that the magnitude of the size scaling increased with presentation duration. In Experiment 2, we examined the maintenance of size–distance scaling when component stimulus was kept in working memory with variable delays. The results showed that the size scaling was reliably retrieved from working memory if there was no disparity manipulation on the to-be-memorized item, but it decreased with retention if a disparity was applied to the to-be-memorized item. The findings suggest that although the post-scaling size can be stored in working memory, the scaling mechanism may still be in effect when there were conflicts in the oculomotor cues and disparity cues that produces depth perception.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"30 1","pages":"659 - 670"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47614654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2022.2154878
Tarini Singh, Lars-Michael Schöpper, G. Domes, C. Frings
ABSTRACT Information processing is more efficient at cued relative to non-cued locations. A number of studies have examined whether non-predictive gaze cues are special due to their biological relevance. While most studies indicate that cueing effects of gaze cues and arrow cues are similar, one aspect remains to be examined – cue duration. Contrary to early findings, a number of studies have observed cueing effects at short durations for arrow cues. For gaze cues however, the evidence is more mixed. The present study therefore aims to directly compare the cueing effects of arrow and gaze cues at short and long durations. Participants (N = 30) performed a discrimination task and were presented with arrow and gaze cues for short or long durations. Cueing effects were measured at each duration for each cue type. Significant cueing effects were observed for both cue types at both short and long duration. Moreover, for both cue types, no difference was observed in the magnitude of cueing effects at short and long duration. The results suggest that both cue types cues can efficiently orient attention even at short cue durations, and that the biological relevance of gaze direction cues do not provide any advantage over arrows.
{"title":"Gaze cues vs. arrow cues at short vs. long durations","authors":"Tarini Singh, Lars-Michael Schöpper, G. Domes, C. Frings","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2022.2154878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2022.2154878","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Information processing is more efficient at cued relative to non-cued locations. A number of studies have examined whether non-predictive gaze cues are special due to their biological relevance. While most studies indicate that cueing effects of gaze cues and arrow cues are similar, one aspect remains to be examined – cue duration. Contrary to early findings, a number of studies have observed cueing effects at short durations for arrow cues. For gaze cues however, the evidence is more mixed. The present study therefore aims to directly compare the cueing effects of arrow and gaze cues at short and long durations. Participants (N = 30) performed a discrimination task and were presented with arrow and gaze cues for short or long durations. Cueing effects were measured at each duration for each cue type. Significant cueing effects were observed for both cue types at both short and long duration. Moreover, for both cue types, no difference was observed in the magnitude of cueing effects at short and long duration. The results suggest that both cue types cues can efficiently orient attention even at short cue durations, and that the biological relevance of gaze direction cues do not provide any advantage over arrows.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"30 1","pages":"587 - 596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43721549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2022.2162173
Shiau-Chuen Chiou, T. Schack
ABSTRACT Temporal information is an essential component of human movements. However, it is still unclear how the temporal information is extracted from complex whole-body movements through observation and how it is encoded and retained in working memory. In the current study, we investigated how the sequence length and maintenance delay influence working memory for movement rhythms (i.e., temporal structures of movement sequences) after considering the task-relevance of the corresponding spatial information and the sensitivity difference between spatial and temporal processing in visual perception. We found that the sequence length – in the sense of information load more than temporal duration – may act as the first bottleneck in the processing of movement rhythms, deciding whether temporal information can be encoded as individual units in high precision or it might be encoded as an ensemble “whole” in relatively low precision. In addition, the maintenance delay may act as the second bottleneck, determining to what extent the encoded information can be retained in memory.
{"title":"Working memory for movement rhythms given spatial relevance: Effects of sequence length and maintenance delay","authors":"Shiau-Chuen Chiou, T. Schack","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2022.2162173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2022.2162173","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Temporal information is an essential component of human movements. However, it is still unclear how the temporal information is extracted from complex whole-body movements through observation and how it is encoded and retained in working memory. In the current study, we investigated how the sequence length and maintenance delay influence working memory for movement rhythms (i.e., temporal structures of movement sequences) after considering the task-relevance of the corresponding spatial information and the sensitivity difference between spatial and temporal processing in visual perception. We found that the sequence length – in the sense of information load more than temporal duration – may act as the first bottleneck in the processing of movement rhythms, deciding whether temporal information can be encoded as individual units in high precision or it might be encoded as an ensemble “whole” in relatively low precision. In addition, the maintenance delay may act as the second bottleneck, determining to what extent the encoded information can be retained in memory.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"30 1","pages":"597 - 616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44824391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2022.2162174
Tom Mercer, R. Shaw, Luke P Fisher
ABSTRACT Visual short-term and working memory can be disrupted by irrelevant, distracting input occurring after encoding. Distractors similar to the original memory are known to be interfering, but it is unclear whether dissimilar distractors have the same disruptive effect. The presence of dissimilar distraction would be problematic for views of similarity-based interference, hence the present study investigated modality-specific distraction using a procedure that required participants to compare single target and probe objects over a delay. An irrelevant distractor could be presented during the delay separating the target and probe, but it varied in its similarity to the target. In four experiments, recognition was disrupted by the presence of a distractor, even when the distractors were highly dissimilar to the target. Furthermore, the interference effect was not reduced when the same distractors were repeatedly used throughout the experiment, and interference from dissimilar distractors was only lessened when it was extremely predictable. These findings indicate that susceptibility to dissimilar distraction is a persistent limitation in visual short-term memory.
{"title":"Sources and mechanisms of modality-specific distraction in visual short-term memory","authors":"Tom Mercer, R. Shaw, Luke P Fisher","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2022.2162174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2022.2162174","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Visual short-term and working memory can be disrupted by irrelevant, distracting input occurring after encoding. Distractors similar to the original memory are known to be interfering, but it is unclear whether dissimilar distractors have the same disruptive effect. The presence of dissimilar distraction would be problematic for views of similarity-based interference, hence the present study investigated modality-specific distraction using a procedure that required participants to compare single target and probe objects over a delay. An irrelevant distractor could be presented during the delay separating the target and probe, but it varied in its similarity to the target. In four experiments, recognition was disrupted by the presence of a distractor, even when the distractors were highly dissimilar to the target. Furthermore, the interference effect was not reduced when the same distractors were repeatedly used throughout the experiment, and interference from dissimilar distractors was only lessened when it was extremely predictable. These findings indicate that susceptibility to dissimilar distraction is a persistent limitation in visual short-term memory.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"30 1","pages":"617 - 639"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49491151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2022.2145403
Christopher Hauck, M. Lien, E. Ruthruff
ABSTRACT We asked whether individuals high in working memory capacity have a superior ability to proactively suppress features. If so, it would help explain why these individuals are more resistant to attention capture. We tested this hypothesis using the capture-probe paradigm employed in Lien et al. (2022. On preventing attention capture: Is singleton suppression actually singleton suppression? Psychological Research, 86(6), 1958–1971). Participants (N = 112) performed a colour change detection task, assessing visual working memory capacity. They then performed a visual search task (70% of the trials) intermixed with probe tasks (30% of the trials). For the visual search task, either a salient colour singleton distractor or non-salient distractor (a triplet) appeared with the target object. For the probe recall task, participants reported probe letters that briefly appeared inside each object. Replicating Lien et al., a suppression effect on probe recall accuracy was observed for both salient singletons and non-salient triplets. Critically, high and low visual working memory capacity individuals showed statistically equivalent ability to suppress colour distractors. These findings suggest that proactive suppression is not the mechanism by which high-capacity individuals achieve greater resistance to capture. Proactive suppression may be an implicit process that does not require special working memory capabilities.
{"title":"Does superior visual working memory capacity enable greater distractor suppression?","authors":"Christopher Hauck, M. Lien, E. Ruthruff","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2022.2145403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2022.2145403","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We asked whether individuals high in working memory capacity have a superior ability to proactively suppress features. If so, it would help explain why these individuals are more resistant to attention capture. We tested this hypothesis using the capture-probe paradigm employed in Lien et al. (2022. On preventing attention capture: Is singleton suppression actually singleton suppression? Psychological Research, 86(6), 1958–1971). Participants (N = 112) performed a colour change detection task, assessing visual working memory capacity. They then performed a visual search task (70% of the trials) intermixed with probe tasks (30% of the trials). For the visual search task, either a salient colour singleton distractor or non-salient distractor (a triplet) appeared with the target object. For the probe recall task, participants reported probe letters that briefly appeared inside each object. Replicating Lien et al., a suppression effect on probe recall accuracy was observed for both salient singletons and non-salient triplets. Critically, high and low visual working memory capacity individuals showed statistically equivalent ability to suppress colour distractors. These findings suggest that proactive suppression is not the mechanism by which high-capacity individuals achieve greater resistance to capture. Proactive suppression may be an implicit process that does not require special working memory capabilities.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"30 1","pages":"573 - 586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42572449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2022.2140730
J. Roberts, James Maiden, S. Bennett
ABSTRACT While visual information directly influences the preparation and control of aiming movements, less is known about the influence of a degraded visual context such as target blur. Participants aimed as quickly and accurately as possible within a virtual aiming environment to clear or blurred targets using a stylus on a digitizing board. Findings showed a more prolonged time to initiate movements for blurred compared to clear targets, but no influence for movement time, or end-point accuracy and precision. The adaptation in movement preparation may reflect an initial uncertainty surrounding the visual context; namely, the visual target characteristics that are typically needed to avoid any error. Meanwhile, the absence of any influence within movement reflects the processing of the coarse and dynamic visual characteristics of the limb, which was independent of the degraded visual context of the target. These findings may contribute further insights toward low vision and possible functional adaptations.
{"title":"Impact of simulated target blur on the preparation and execution of aiming movements","authors":"J. Roberts, James Maiden, S. Bennett","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2022.2140730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2022.2140730","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While visual information directly influences the preparation and control of aiming movements, less is known about the influence of a degraded visual context such as target blur. Participants aimed as quickly and accurately as possible within a virtual aiming environment to clear or blurred targets using a stylus on a digitizing board. Findings showed a more prolonged time to initiate movements for blurred compared to clear targets, but no influence for movement time, or end-point accuracy and precision. The adaptation in movement preparation may reflect an initial uncertainty surrounding the visual context; namely, the visual target characteristics that are typically needed to avoid any error. Meanwhile, the absence of any influence within movement reflects the processing of the coarse and dynamic visual characteristics of the limb, which was independent of the degraded visual context of the target. These findings may contribute further insights toward low vision and possible functional adaptations.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"30 1","pages":"564 - 572"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43388292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2022.2139314
T. Sawada, M. Farshchi
ABSTRACT Detecting 3D symmetry is important for the human visual system because many objects in our everyday life are 3D symmetrical. Many are 3D mirror-symmetrical and others are 3D rotational-symmetrical. But note that their retinal images are 2D symmetrical only in degenerate views. It has been suggested that a human observer can detect 3D mirror-symmetry even from a 2D retinal image of a 3D mirror-symmetrical pair of contours. There are model-based invariants of the 3D mirror-symmetrical pair of contours in the retinal image and there are additional invariant features when the contours are individually planar. There are also model-based invariants of a 3D rotational-symmetrical pair of contours. These invariant features of 3D mirror-symmetry and rotational-symmetry are analogous to one another but the features of 3D rotational-symmetry are computationally more difficult than the features of 3D mirror-symmetry. Experiment 1 showed that only 3D mirror-symmetry could be detected reliably while the detection of 3D rotational-symmetry was close to chance-level. Experiment 2 showed that the detection of 3D mirror-symmetry is partly based on the model-based invariants of 3D mirror-symmetry and the planarity of the contours. These results show that the visual system has evolved to favour the perception of 3D mirror-symmetry.
{"title":"Visual detection of 3D mirror-symmetry and 3D rotational-symmetry","authors":"T. Sawada, M. Farshchi","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2022.2139314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2022.2139314","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Detecting 3D symmetry is important for the human visual system because many objects in our everyday life are 3D symmetrical. Many are 3D mirror-symmetrical and others are 3D rotational-symmetrical. But note that their retinal images are 2D symmetrical only in degenerate views. It has been suggested that a human observer can detect 3D mirror-symmetry even from a 2D retinal image of a 3D mirror-symmetrical pair of contours. There are model-based invariants of the 3D mirror-symmetrical pair of contours in the retinal image and there are additional invariant features when the contours are individually planar. There are also model-based invariants of a 3D rotational-symmetrical pair of contours. These invariant features of 3D mirror-symmetry and rotational-symmetry are analogous to one another but the features of 3D rotational-symmetry are computationally more difficult than the features of 3D mirror-symmetry. Experiment 1 showed that only 3D mirror-symmetry could be detected reliably while the detection of 3D rotational-symmetry was close to chance-level. Experiment 2 showed that the detection of 3D mirror-symmetry is partly based on the model-based invariants of 3D mirror-symmetry and the planarity of the contours. These results show that the visual system has evolved to favour the perception of 3D mirror-symmetry.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"30 1","pages":"546 - 563"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43547445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2022.2139033
Lars-Michael Schöpper, M. Lappe, C. Frings
ABSTRACT According to action control theories, response and stimulus’ features are integrated into event files. Repeating any of an event file’s components retrieves the previously bound information, causing benefits for full repetition, but interference for partial repetition. Yet, such “binding effects” are absent in localization performance. By assuming sequential processing steps until response execution as assumed in visual search, we hypothesized that, for localization, participants can execute their response without the need to process target features. Hence, post-selective processing might be crucial for binding effects to emerge. Here, participants localized coloured targets appearing on one of four corners of a touchpad in two response conditions, namely, directly tapping on the target (direct response mapping), and tapping on the corner diagonal opposite to the target (translational response mapping). Only the translational response mapping yielded binding effects between localization response and colour. The direct response mapping instead showed an effect that is better explained by (non-spatial) Inhibition of Return or related change benefit effects. We conclude that an arbitrary response mapping – based on a translation of a spatial feature into a non-direct spatial response – can lead to binding effects even in localization tasks.
{"title":"Found in translation: The role of response mappings for observing binding effects in localization tasks","authors":"Lars-Michael Schöpper, M. Lappe, C. Frings","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2022.2139033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2022.2139033","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT According to action control theories, response and stimulus’ features are integrated into event files. Repeating any of an event file’s components retrieves the previously bound information, causing benefits for full repetition, but interference for partial repetition. Yet, such “binding effects” are absent in localization performance. By assuming sequential processing steps until response execution as assumed in visual search, we hypothesized that, for localization, participants can execute their response without the need to process target features. Hence, post-selective processing might be crucial for binding effects to emerge. Here, participants localized coloured targets appearing on one of four corners of a touchpad in two response conditions, namely, directly tapping on the target (direct response mapping), and tapping on the corner diagonal opposite to the target (translational response mapping). Only the translational response mapping yielded binding effects between localization response and colour. The direct response mapping instead showed an effect that is better explained by (non-spatial) Inhibition of Return or related change benefit effects. We conclude that an arbitrary response mapping – based on a translation of a spatial feature into a non-direct spatial response – can lead to binding effects even in localization tasks.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"30 1","pages":"527 - 545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43795102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2022.2128130
D. Cheng, Zhijun Cui, Yuwei Hu, Xinlin Zhou
ABSTRACT Previous studies have demonstrated the association between visual perceptions (i.e., form, luminance, area, and colour perception) and numerosity processing; however, there is a lack of evidence on the different roles of visual perceptions that contribute to the close relationship between numerosity processing and arithmetic computation. Using a sample of 259 Chinese primary students, this study investigated the visual perception properties that underlie the relationship between numerosity processing and arithmetic ability. A series of cognitive tasks were used to assess their numerosity processing, arithmetic fluency, visual perception, and other general cognitive abilities as cognitive covariates. Visual perceptions were measured through figure matching, luminance matching, colour matching, and area matching tasks. The results showed that form, luminance, area, and colour perception significantly correlated with numerosity processing. Only form perception fully accounted for the close relationship between numerosity and arithmetic fluency. These results suggested that visual form perception was fundamental for numerosity processing and arithmetic fluency.
{"title":"Which visual property correlates with the relationship between numerosity sense and arithmetic fluency","authors":"D. Cheng, Zhijun Cui, Yuwei Hu, Xinlin Zhou","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2022.2128130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2022.2128130","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Previous studies have demonstrated the association between visual perceptions (i.e., form, luminance, area, and colour perception) and numerosity processing; however, there is a lack of evidence on the different roles of visual perceptions that contribute to the close relationship between numerosity processing and arithmetic computation. Using a sample of 259 Chinese primary students, this study investigated the visual perception properties that underlie the relationship between numerosity processing and arithmetic ability. A series of cognitive tasks were used to assess their numerosity processing, arithmetic fluency, visual perception, and other general cognitive abilities as cognitive covariates. Visual perceptions were measured through figure matching, luminance matching, colour matching, and area matching tasks. The results showed that form, luminance, area, and colour perception significantly correlated with numerosity processing. Only form perception fully accounted for the close relationship between numerosity and arithmetic fluency. These results suggested that visual form perception was fundamental for numerosity processing and arithmetic fluency.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"30 1","pages":"517 - 526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42450858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2022.2119319
Andrada Vincze, Răzvan Jurchis, D. Iliescu
ABSTRACT Quiet Eye (QE) is the final fixation before a sports movement (e.g., a tennis stroke). To test whether QE can facilitate processing complex information, 12 elite table tennis players (M age = 14.66 years, M experience = 7.33 years) hit 100 balls, either on the entire opponent’s half (simple condition) or on narrow spots on the table (complex condition). We found that hit balls were preceded by longer QE than missed balls (p = .035, η²p = .34). Moreover, in the complex condition athletes extended the duration of QE more for scoring a hit, compared to the simple condition (p = .005, η²p = .52). Finally, athletes increased the duration of QE more after a missed than after a hit ball (p = .059, η2p = .38). This study shows that QE sustains performance in a dynamic sport, by helping athletes to process complex information, and by facilitating their recovery after missed shots.
{"title":"Quiet eye facilitates processing complex information in elite table tennis players","authors":"Andrada Vincze, Răzvan Jurchis, D. Iliescu","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2022.2119319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2022.2119319","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Quiet Eye (QE) is the final fixation before a sports movement (e.g., a tennis stroke). To test whether QE can facilitate processing complex information, 12 elite table tennis players (M age = 14.66 years, M experience = 7.33 years) hit 100 balls, either on the entire opponent’s half (simple condition) or on narrow spots on the table (complex condition). We found that hit balls were preceded by longer QE than missed balls (p = .035, η²p = .34). Moreover, in the complex condition athletes extended the duration of QE more for scoring a hit, compared to the simple condition (p = .005, η²p = .52). Finally, athletes increased the duration of QE more after a missed than after a hit ball (p = .059, η2p = .38). This study shows that QE sustains performance in a dynamic sport, by helping athletes to process complex information, and by facilitating their recovery after missed shots.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"30 1","pages":"506 - 516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49382709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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