The paper discusses the relationship between assessment in teaching English as a foreign language and students’ competencies. The data collected by this research show that, in recent times, teachers and students are becoming aware that learning based only on the acquisition of facts will not adequately respond to the challenges they will face in the future. An environment in which the learning outcomes are transparently and directly linked to the students’ competencies enables them to take responsibility for their progress, not only during the official period of schooling but also during lifelong learning, which is very important. With this approach, learning outcomes and their connection with the necessary competencies to achieve learning outcomes become the basis for redefining qualifications and curricula in general and professional education. The transparent connection of learning outcomes and necessary competencies to achieve learning outcomes, as well as the shift of focus from teachers to students, enables students to find their way of improving competencies and taking responsibility for their learning. Learning outcomes are best understood by viewing them as a series of valuable processes and opportunities that can be applied in different ways in different areas of teaching and learning. The emphasis is on defining the learning outcomes so that we use the students’ experience and pay less attention to the content of the subjects of a specific curriculum. The data from this research indicate that learning outcomes impact assessment if they are adequately linked to competencies. Students can monitor their progress and take responsibility for it. The primary outcome of this research is that assessment aligned with progress in students’ competencies and their connection to learning outcomes will certainly improve learning.
{"title":"What is the relationship between assessment practices and learning outcomes?","authors":"Nihada Delibegović Džanić, Mirza Džanić","doi":"10.55072/dn.2023.2.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55072/dn.2023.2.53","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the relationship between assessment in teaching English as a foreign language and students’ competencies. The data collected by this research show that, in recent times, teachers and students are becoming aware that learning based only on the acquisition of facts will not adequately respond to the challenges they will face in the future. An environment in which the learning outcomes are transparently and directly linked to the students’ competencies enables them to take responsibility for their progress, not only during the official period of schooling but also during lifelong learning, which is very important. With this approach, learning outcomes and their connection with the necessary competencies to achieve learning outcomes become the basis for redefining qualifications and curricula in general and professional education. The transparent connection of learning outcomes and necessary competencies to achieve learning outcomes, as well as the shift of focus from teachers to students, enables students to find their way of improving competencies and taking responsibility for their learning. Learning outcomes are best understood by viewing them as a series of valuable processes and opportunities that can be applied in different ways in different areas of teaching and learning. The emphasis is on defining the learning outcomes so that we use the students’ experience and pay less attention to the content of the subjects of a specific curriculum. The data from this research indicate that learning outcomes impact assessment if they are adequately linked to competencies. Students can monitor their progress and take responsibility for it. The primary outcome of this research is that assessment aligned with progress in students’ competencies and their connection to learning outcomes will certainly improve learning.","PeriodicalId":479743,"journal":{"name":"Danubius Noster","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135261252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Korijeni Europske unije sežu u političku i gospodarsku integraciju europskih zemalja nakon Drugog svjetskog rata. Povezanost se temelji na istaknutim zajedničkim vrijednostima koje su najprije zaokružene Poveljom o temeljnim pravima Europske unije 2000. godine, a potom i Lisabonskim ugovorom 2007. godine. Europske vrijednosti pretočene su u zakonodavstvo država članica i integrirane u nacionalne obrazovne sustave. U radu se analizira prisutnost proklamiranih europskih vrijednosti u hrvatskom obrazovnom zakonodavnom okviru, s posebnim naglaskom na kurikulum Povijesti za osnovne škole i gimnazije. U analizu su uključeni i aktualni udžbenici Povijesti završnih razreda osnovnih škola i gimnazija vezani uz prezentaciju teme Europske unije.
欧洲联盟的起源是第二次世界大战结束后欧洲国家在政治和经济上的一体化。这种一体化以相同的共同原则为基础，2000 年的《欧洲联盟基本权利条约》和 2007 年的《里斯本条约》对这些原则作了最明确的补充。欧洲法律被纳入各成员国的立法，并与国家法律融为一体。U radu se analizira prisutnost proklamiranih europskih vrijednosti u hrvatskom obrazovnom zakonodavnom rámci, s posebnim naglaskom na kurkulum Povijesti za osnovkole škole i gimnazije.分析还包括与介绍欧盟主题相关的现行小学和中学高年级课程教科书。
{"title":"Europske vrijednosti u hrvatskom kurikulumu povijesti","authors":"Miljenko Hajdarović","doi":"10.55072/dn.2023.2.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55072/dn.2023.2.81","url":null,"abstract":"Korijeni Europske unije sežu u političku i gospodarsku integraciju europskih zemalja nakon Drugog svjetskog rata. Povezanost se temelji na istaknutim zajedničkim vrijednostima koje su najprije zaokružene Poveljom o temeljnim pravima Europske unije 2000. godine, a potom i Lisabonskim ugovorom 2007. godine. Europske vrijednosti pretočene su u zakonodavstvo država članica i integrirane u nacionalne obrazovne sustave. U radu se analizira prisutnost proklamiranih europskih vrijednosti u hrvatskom obrazovnom zakonodavnom okviru, s posebnim naglaskom na kurikulum Povijesti za osnovne škole i gimnazije. U analizu su uključeni i aktualni udžbenici Povijesti završnih razreda osnovnih škola i gimnazija vezani uz prezentaciju teme Europske unije.","PeriodicalId":479743,"journal":{"name":"Danubius Noster","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135260818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A digitalizáció megállíthatatlanul fejlődik és terjeszkedik, ez által hatással van a mindennapi életünkre. Éppen ezért elkerülhetetlen és szükséges, hogy az oktatási tevékenységeinkbe is bevonva, fejlesszük a tanulók digitális kompetenciáját. Számos kutatás és tanulmány szól arról, hogy milyen hatással van a digitalizáció a diákok teljesítményére, én viszont jelen esetben különböző online felületek gyakorlati alkalmazási lehetőségeiről írok. Összefoglalva bemutatok néhány audió és audióvizuális honlapot, amelyekkel izgalmasabbá és érdekesebbé tehetjük a tanítás és tanulás folyamatát, felkelthetjük a diákok érdeklődését; továbbá választ adok arra a kérdésre, hogy miért érdemes zenével is foglalkozni az idegennyelv oktatása során.
{"title":"Die digitalisierung ist nicht zu stoppen ideen, wie sie im unterricht genutzt werden kann","authors":"Mária Icha","doi":"10.55072/dn.2023.2.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55072/dn.2023.2.91","url":null,"abstract":"A digitalizáció megállíthatatlanul fejlődik és terjeszkedik, ez által hatással van a mindennapi életünkre. Éppen ezért elkerülhetetlen és szükséges, hogy az oktatási tevékenységeinkbe is bevonva, fejlesszük a tanulók digitális kompetenciáját. Számos kutatás és tanulmány szól arról, hogy milyen hatással van a digitalizáció a diákok teljesítményére, én viszont jelen esetben különböző online felületek gyakorlati alkalmazási lehetőségeiről írok. Összefoglalva bemutatok néhány audió és audióvizuális honlapot, amelyekkel izgalmasabbá és érdekesebbé tehetjük a tanítás és tanulás folyamatát, felkelthetjük a diákok érdeklődését; továbbá választ adok arra a kérdésre, hogy miért érdemes zenével is foglalkozni az idegennyelv oktatása során.","PeriodicalId":479743,"journal":{"name":"Danubius Noster","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135261241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Small Dictionary of the Međimurje Dialect is a project that was created as a part of the Croatian teaching in the first grade of high school. According to the Annual Implementation Plan for the first grade, the assigned material includes the Croatian language with all its forms. In order to vividly present the forms of Croatian language, specifically, local tongues in Međimurje, students have created a digital Small Dictionary of the Međimurje Dialect with audio recordings. With this way of working, we encouraged the students to explain the difference between the Croatian language as a system of local tongues and the Croatian standard language, to critically select the appropriate digital technology, to collaboratively learn and work in a team, and to describe and accept their own cultural and national identity in relation to other cultures.
{"title":"Mali međimurski rječnik","authors":"Zdravka Skok","doi":"10.55072/dn.2023.2.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55072/dn.2023.2.173","url":null,"abstract":"A Small Dictionary of the Međimurje Dialect is a project that was created as a part of the Croatian teaching in the first grade of high school. According to the Annual Implementation Plan for the first grade, the assigned material includes the Croatian language with all its forms. In order to vividly present the forms of Croatian language, specifically, local tongues in Međimurje, students have created a digital Small Dictionary of the Međimurje Dialect with audio recordings. With this way of working, we encouraged the students to explain the difference between the Croatian language as a system of local tongues and the Croatian standard language, to critically select the appropriate digital technology, to collaboratively learn and work in a team, and to describe and accept their own cultural and national identity in relation to other cultures.","PeriodicalId":479743,"journal":{"name":"Danubius Noster","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Évről évre emelkedik az úgynevezett életmódfüggő betegségek (stroke, stressz, obesitas, magas vérnyomás, szívbetegség) kialakulásának száma, ezt azonban a szabadidősport és fizikai aktivitás növelésével csökkenteni lehet. A magyar nők és férfiak között egyaránt emelkedik a túlsúlyosok és az elhízottak aránya. Ennek egyik mérőszáma a BMI érték. Míg a 18–29 év közötti korosztályban az átlagos érték férfiaknál 25,0, nőknél 23,7 , addig a 70 és annál idősebb korosztályban a férfiak esetében ez 28,3-ra nőknél 28,6-ra emelkedik. Megfigyelhető, hogy a fiatalabb korosztályban a nők a BMI érték alapján egészségesebbek, viszont idős korra ez a jelenség megfordul. A 20 év felettiek közül a normál kategóriába azok tartoznak, akiknek a BMI értéke 18,5–24,9 között van. Túlsúlyosak a 25–29,9 közötti értékűek, e felett pedig már elhízottságról beszélünk. A túlsúlyból, elhízottságból eredő egészségügyi problémák nem csak egyéni, hanem társadalmi szinten is óriási gondot jelentenek. Számottevően nő a gazdasági, valamint az egészségügy leterheltségét mértéke is. Az elhízás gyakran a mozgáshiányos életmód következménye. Tartós fogyás pedig csak a testmozgás, diéta, súlykontroll hármasának együttes alkalmazásával érhető el. Az egészségtudatos szemléletet fiatal korban kell megalapozni. Kutatásunk egyik fő célja, hogy a résztvevőknek modern, népszerű, élvezhető és egyben hatékony mozgásformákat mutassunk be. Igyekeztünk a szakirodalmakat is segítségül hívni a bemutatásra kerülő mozgásformák kiválasztásához, hiszen a sikerhez szükséges ismerni, hogy általánosan milyen motiváció áll a rendszeresen sportoló emberek tevékenysége mögött. Érdemes a motivációkutatásokat alapul venni, mert ezek segítségével megtudhatjuk, hogyan lehet hatékonyan megszólítani a fiatalokat. Ötleteket kaphatunk ahhoz, hogy milyen üzenet küldésével lehet eredményesen motiválni és bevonni őket a szabadidősportban való részvételre. A rendszeres sportolás a stresszoldó hatása miatt is kiemelt fontossággal bír.
{"title":"Új edzéseszközökkel és mozgásformákkal a középiskolások elhízása ellen","authors":"Katalin Szerb, György Szerb","doi":"10.55072/dn.2023.3.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55072/dn.2023.3.85","url":null,"abstract":"Évről évre emelkedik az úgynevezett életmódfüggő betegségek (stroke, stressz, obesitas, magas vérnyomás, szívbetegség) kialakulásának száma, ezt azonban a szabadidősport és fizikai aktivitás növelésével csökkenteni lehet. A magyar nők és férfiak között egyaránt emelkedik a túlsúlyosok és az elhízottak aránya. Ennek egyik mérőszáma a BMI érték. Míg a 18–29 év közötti korosztályban az átlagos érték férfiaknál 25,0, nőknél 23,7 , addig a 70 és annál idősebb korosztályban a férfiak esetében ez 28,3-ra nőknél 28,6-ra emelkedik. Megfigyelhető, hogy a fiatalabb korosztályban a nők a BMI érték alapján egészségesebbek, viszont idős korra ez a jelenség megfordul. A 20 év felettiek közül a normál kategóriába azok tartoznak, akiknek a BMI értéke 18,5–24,9 között van. Túlsúlyosak a 25–29,9 közötti értékűek, e felett pedig már elhízottságról beszélünk. A túlsúlyból, elhízottságból eredő egészségügyi problémák nem csak egyéni, hanem társadalmi szinten is óriási gondot jelentenek. Számottevően nő a gazdasági, valamint az egészségügy leterheltségét mértéke is. Az elhízás gyakran a mozgáshiányos életmód következménye. Tartós fogyás pedig csak a testmozgás, diéta, súlykontroll hármasának együttes alkalmazásával érhető el. Az egészségtudatos szemléletet fiatal korban kell megalapozni. Kutatásunk egyik fő célja, hogy a résztvevőknek modern, népszerű, élvezhető és egyben hatékony mozgásformákat mutassunk be. Igyekeztünk a szakirodalmakat is segítségül hívni a bemutatásra kerülő mozgásformák kiválasztásához, hiszen a sikerhez szükséges ismerni, hogy általánosan milyen motiváció áll a rendszeresen sportoló emberek tevékenysége mögött. Érdemes a motivációkutatásokat alapul venni, mert ezek segítségével megtudhatjuk, hogyan lehet hatékonyan megszólítani a fiatalokat. Ötleteket kaphatunk ahhoz, hogy milyen üzenet küldésével lehet eredményesen motiválni és bevonni őket a szabadidősportban való részvételre. A rendszeres sportolás a stresszoldó hatása miatt is kiemelt fontossággal bír.","PeriodicalId":479743,"journal":{"name":"Danubius Noster","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The talent management in higher education institutions is complex and embedded in the education and research processes. Knowledge and conscious planning of the interfaces is only possible based on information from a properly functioning quality assurance system. Therefore, in designing, developing, and changing models of quality assurance systems, particular attention should be paid to ensure substantive support for talent management processes. For this reason, talent management cannot be linked to one or another ESG 2015 standards, but must be understood and presented in a complex way, as a whole system. The aim of this study is to explore this complexity, to highlight the links and to suggest possible improvements.
{"title":"A minőségbiztosítás szerepe a tehetséggondozás színterein","authors":"Ágnes Tolnai","doi":"10.55072/dn.2023.3.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55072/dn.2023.3.109","url":null,"abstract":"The talent management in higher education institutions is complex and embedded in the education and research processes. Knowledge and conscious planning of the interfaces is only possible based on information from a properly functioning quality assurance system. Therefore, in designing, developing, and changing models of quality assurance systems, particular attention should be paid to ensure substantive support for talent management processes. For this reason, talent management cannot be linked to one or another ESG 2015 standards, but must be understood and presented in a complex way, as a whole system. The aim of this study is to explore this complexity, to highlight the links and to suggest possible improvements.","PeriodicalId":479743,"journal":{"name":"Danubius Noster","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors have singled out the obscene-vulgar layer from the rich corpus of the Dictionary of the Prelog Group of Speeches (Blažeka 2018): both the one containing vulgar expressions and the one with obscene content, but without the use of vulgar expressions. The separated language layer is divided according to the criteria of pragmatic functions it has in communication. Most of the categories refer to criticism or ridicule of various social phenomena or actions of specific persons, and criticism or ridicule of various social phenomena or actions of specific persons related to the so-called "sexual revolution", which the speaker considers negative or inappropriate.
{"title":"Vulgarizmi i vulgarnosti u govoru preloga","authors":"Đuro Blažeka, Mihaela Blažeka","doi":"10.55072/dn.2023.2.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55072/dn.2023.2.29","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have singled out the obscene-vulgar layer from the rich corpus of the Dictionary of the Prelog Group of Speeches (Blažeka 2018): both the one containing vulgar expressions and the one with obscene content, but without the use of vulgar expressions. The separated language layer is divided according to the criteria of pragmatic functions it has in communication. Most of the categories refer to criticism or ridicule of various social phenomena or actions of specific persons, and criticism or ridicule of various social phenomena or actions of specific persons related to the so-called \"sexual revolution\", which the speaker considers negative or inappropriate.","PeriodicalId":479743,"journal":{"name":"Danubius Noster","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135261004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Young prose is a creative prose style of the seventies of the 20th century, and it was also called prose in jeans because its characters are young people from the city. Young prose builds its special style on the basis of the conversational style of urban youth, and this style includes jargon, hooligan expressions, vulgarisms, clichéd expressions and even idioms. So, on the selected works, the so-called of young prose, idioms will be presented, thus showing that individual freedom is the greatest in the literary and artistic style, the writer designs the language of his work and thereby restores the standard of language.
{"title":"Mlada proza i frazemi","authors":"Morana Plavac","doi":"10.55072/dn.2023.2.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55072/dn.2023.2.157","url":null,"abstract":"Young prose is a creative prose style of the seventies of the 20th century, and it was also called prose in jeans because its characters are young people from the city. Young prose builds its special style on the basis of the conversational style of urban youth, and this style includes jargon, hooligan expressions, vulgarisms, clichéd expressions and even idioms. So, on the selected works, the so-called of young prose, idioms will be presented, thus showing that individual freedom is the greatest in the literary and artistic style, the writer designs the language of his work and thereby restores the standard of language.","PeriodicalId":479743,"journal":{"name":"Danubius Noster","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135261918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The work will show the representation of Hungarians in the Sičan speech. The Sičan language is the first protected language in the territory of Slavonia. It was protected by the Decision of the Ministry of Culture in 2008. Since then, systematic work has been carried out on all prescribed measures to protect and popularize this very important speech for the Croatian language and Croatian dialectology. The Sičan language belongs to the Old Štokavian languages and preserves the old linguistic state with all the features of the Slavonic dialect of the Posavina subdialect: a five-accent system that includes acute, the absence of the h sound, the softening of the l and n sounds, reduction of vowels in all places (front, middle and back), the existence of secondary vowels, the absence of the consonant group tk, pt, mn, specificity on the morphological, syntactic and formation level. The aim of this paper is to give a lexical overview of the Siče dialect based on the dictionary of the Siče dialect of Sičanske riči. Hungarianisms will be singled out from the lexical corpus and an overview of words of Hungarian origin that entered this protected speech and that remain in active use to this day will be given. The methodology of working on the text, that is, on the language corpus of the published dictionary of Sičanske riči, will be applied. The purpose of the paper is to make a dialectological contribution to the study of the Old Štokavian languages, and especially to the relations and influences of the Hungarian and Croatian languages with regard to the common history of coexistence in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy.
该作品将展示匈牙利人在si an演讲中的代表性。锡安语是斯拉沃尼亚境内第一个受保护的语言。2008年受文化部决定保护。从那时起，为保护和普及这一对克罗地亚语和克罗地亚方言来说非常重要的语言，已就所有规定的措施进行了系统的工作。si安语属于古老的Štokavian语言，保留了古老的语言状态，并具有Posavina次方言斯拉夫方言的所有特征:五重音系统，包括急音，没有h音，l和n音的软化，所有地方(前，中，后)的元音减少，辅音的存在，没有辅音组tk, pt, mn，形态学，句法和形成层面的特殊性。本文的目的是在sianske ri i的si e方言词典的基础上对si e方言进行词汇概述。匈牙利语将从词汇语料库中挑选出来，并概述匈牙利语起源的词汇，这些词汇进入了受保护的言论，并且至今仍在积极使用。在文本上工作的方法，即在出版的si anske ri i词典的语言语料库上，将被应用。本文的目的是对古老Štokavian语言的研究做出方言学上的贡献，特别是对匈牙利语和克罗地亚语在奥匈帝国共存的共同历史方面的关系和影响。
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