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Improving treatment fidelity: Factors that predict trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy component use 提高治疗的忠诚度:预测创伤认知行为疗法组成部分使用情况的因素
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12533
Jennifer L. Korenchuk, Stephanie A. Crockett, Todd W. Leibert, Kelli B. Anderson

This study examined the utilization of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) treatment components, as well as factors that predicted therapist TF-CBT component use. Participants were 264 TF-CBT-trained mental health therapists. The most frequently used components, as reported by therapists, were affect regulation, relaxation, and psychoeducation about trauma, while the least frequently used were in vivo exposure, conjoint sessions, and caregiver involvement. Results of a hierarchical linear regression indicated that therapist self-efficacy and child trauma clinical beliefs (i.e., clinical structure and verbal capacity) positively predicted therapist TF-CBT component use. Perceived barriers to TF-CBT use negatively predicted therapist TF-CBT component use. Implications for counseling practice and future research directions are included.

本研究调查了创伤认知行为疗法(TF-CBT)治疗组件的使用情况,以及预测治疗师使用 TF-CBT 组件的因素。参与者是 264 名经过 TF-CBT 培训的心理健康治疗师。根据治疗师的报告,最常用的治疗内容是情绪调节、放松和创伤心理教育,而最不常用的治疗内容是体内暴露、联合治疗和照顾者参与。分层线性回归的结果表明,治疗师的自我效能感和儿童创伤临床信念(即临床结构和语言能力)对治疗师使用 TF-CBT 组成部分有积极的预测作用。治疗师使用 TF-CBT 的认知障碍对治疗师使用 TF-CBT 组成部分有负面影响。本文还包括对心理咨询实践的启示和未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
An exploration of counselors of color working in the eating disorder field 探讨在饮食失调领域工作的有色人种心理咨询师
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12532
Amy Biang, Clare Merlin-Knoblich, Jae Hoon Lim

Among eating disorder (ED) professionals, counselors of color (COCs) are underrepresented. Given the prevalence of EDs among people of all racial and ethnic backgrounds, as well as the low number of COCs working in the profession and its problematic implications, this study is warranted to include the experiences of COCs in EDs and understand how to grow the specialty with counselors of all backgrounds. In this study, we interviewed 10 COCs and analyzed transcripts using a post-intentional phenomenological design. Tentative manifestations of unprepared, isolating spaces, unspoken knowing, and exhaustion, as well as provocations of cultural inclusion, changemaker, and vulnerability, emerged. We present implications, limitations, and research considerations.

在饮食失调(ED)专业人员中,有色人种咨询师(COCs)的比例偏低。鉴于饮食失调症在各种种族和民族背景的人群中都很普遍,以及从事该行业的有色人种咨询师人数较少及其带来的问题,我们有必要开展这项研究,以纳入有色人种咨询师在饮食失调症中的经历,并了解如何与各种背景的咨询师一起发展该专业。在本研究中,我们采访了 10 名心理咨询师,并采用后意向现象学设计对笔录进行了分析。结果显示,他们暂时表现出毫无准备、与世隔绝、心照不宣和精疲力竭,同时也提出了文化包容、变革者和脆弱性等问题。我们介绍了研究的意义、局限性和考虑因素。
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric synthesis of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) 酒精使用障碍识别测试(AUDIT)的心理测量学综述
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12531
Yutong Chen, Leann Wills, Hannah Wise, Bradley T. Erford, Ruonan Yao

Hazardous or harmful alcohol use is very prevalent among the US population. With 15.1 million adults in the United States currently identified as having an alcohol use disorder, identifying hazardous and harmful drinking earlier is necessary for early intervention strategies. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test's (AUDIT) strong psychometric properties lead it to be a screening tool of choice across countries, cultures, and subgroups. A psychometric analysis aggregates all available evidence of reliability and validity to support the use of an instrument for screening, diagnosis, and treatment planning. AUDIT internal consistency for the 10-item total scale was α = 0.817 (n = 247,963). The two-factor model had the most structure validity support and aggregated convergent validity comparisons with other alcohol use assessments ranged from r = 0.578 to r = 0.701. The optimal cutoff score for diagnostic validity was 6/7, rather than the 8 recommended by the AUDIT authors. Clinically appropriate use and interpretation of the AUDIT as well as study limitations and suggestions for future research were discussed.

危险或有害饮酒在美国人口中非常普遍。目前,美国有 1510 万成年人被确认患有酒精使用障碍,因此有必要尽早识别危险和有害饮酒,以便采取早期干预策略。酒精使用障碍识别测验(AUDIT)具有很强的心理测量特性,因此在不同国家、文化和亚群体中都是首选的筛查工具。心理测量分析汇总了所有可用的信度和效度证据,以支持使用该工具进行筛查、诊断和治疗规划。AUDIT 10 项总量表的内部一致性为 α = 0.817(n = 247963)。双因素模型的结构效度最高,与其他酒精使用评估的聚合效度比较从 r = 0.578 到 r = 0.701 不等。诊断有效性的最佳临界值为 6/7,而不是 AUDIT 作者推荐的 8。会议讨论了 AUDIT 的临床适当使用和解释,以及研究的局限性和对未来研究的建议。
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引用次数: 0
School counselors' burnout, hope, and self-efficacy: A sequential regression analysis 学校辅导员的职业倦怠、希望和自我效能感:顺序回归分析
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-07-07 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12530
Jennifer K. Niles, Stephanie Dorais, Craig Cashwell, Patrick R. Mullen, Samantha Jensen

School counselors serve as frontline mental health professionals in schools. Although school counselors have a meaningful impact on students and the school climate, burnout negatively impacts school counselors’ self-efficacy. Hope may serve as a protective resource for school counselors’ self-efficacy. We conducted a sequential regression among 102 school counselors to determine if burnout and hope predicted their self-efficacy. While burnout predicted school counselors’ self-efficacy, hope contained the largest single explanative influence on self-efficacy scores. In this study, we provide evidence to support hope as a statistically significant and substantial protective factor for enhancing school counselor self-efficacy. We provide implications for school counseling practice, training, and research.

学校辅导员是学校的一线心理健康专业人员。尽管学校心理辅导员对学生和学校氛围有着重要影响,但职业倦怠会对学校心理辅导员的自我效能感产生负面影响。希望可能是学校辅导员自我效能感的一种保护性资源。我们对 102 名学校辅导员进行了顺序回归,以确定职业倦怠和希望是否能预测他们的自我效能感。虽然职业倦怠可以预测学校辅导员的自我效能感,但希望对自我效能感得分的解释性影响最大。在这项研究中,我们提供了证据,支持希望是提高学校辅导员自我效能感的一个具有统计学意义的实质性保护因素。我们为学校咨询实践、培训和研究提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting latent counselor interpersonal stress profiles according to challenging clients 根据具有挑战性的客户预测潜在的心理咨询师人际压力特征
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12529
C. Missy Moore, Carey C. Crawford, Adrienne R. Graham, Vivian D. Burrell

Clinical work with challenging, difficult, or dislikable clients can elicit negative experiences for professional counselors. Using quantitative content analysis methodology embedded in a cross-sectional, correlational design, we examined the prevalence of challenging client presentations and their influence on latent counselor interpersonal stress profiles using a large sample (n = 1356). Challenging client presentations associated with client expectations and progress, therapy-interfering behaviors, client traits and behaviors, and counselor concerns and experiences predicted counselor membership in Disconnected, Exasperated, Paralyzed, Anguished, and Distressed Counselor profiles in comparison to the Relaxed Counselor profile. Recommendations for strengthening clinical practice and counselor wellness when working with challenging, difficult, or dislikable clients are provided.

在临床工作中,面对具有挑战性、困难或不喜欢的客户可能会给专业心理咨询师带来负面体验。我们在横断面相关设计中采用定量内容分析方法,通过一个大样本(n = 1356)研究了具有挑战性的客户表现的普遍性及其对潜在咨询师人际压力特征的影响。与 "放松型咨询师 "特征相比,与客户期望和进展、治疗干扰行为、客户特征和行为以及咨询师的担忧和经历相关的挑战性客户表现预测了咨询师是否属于 "脱节型咨询师"、"激怒型咨询师"、"麻痹型咨询师"、"痛苦型咨询师 "和 "沮丧型咨询师 "特征。在与具有挑战性、困难或不喜欢的客户合作时,为加强临床实践和心理咨询师的健康提供了建议。
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引用次数: 0
A canonical correlation analysis of self-compassion, life balance, and burnout in counselors 心理咨询师自我同情、生活平衡和职业倦怠的典型相关分析
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12527
Sarah V. Silva, Christian J. Dean, Richard S. Balkin

This quantitative study explored the relationship between counselor burnout (Counselor Burnout Inventory, CBI), life balance (Life Balance Inventory, LBI), and self-compassion (Self-Compassion Scale, SCS) among 331 fully licensed and provisionally licensed counselors throughout the United States with at least 2 years of experience in various clinical settings and providing direct clinical services. Results of two canonical correlation analyses (CCAs) explored the relationship between (a) the subscales of the LBI and the CBI and (b) the subscales of the SCS and the CBI. Both CCAs indicated a statistically significant relationship demonstrating that: (a) increased life balance was associated with lower burnout and (b) increased self-compassion was associated with lower burnout. Counselors experiencing burnout may turn to increasing their life balance or increasing self-compassion practices to increase their quality of life.

这项定量研究探讨了心理咨询师职业倦怠(心理咨询师职业倦怠量表,CBI)、生活平衡(生活平衡量表,LBI)和自我同情(自我同情量表,SCS)之间的关系,研究对象是全美 331 名拥有正式执照和临时执照的心理咨询师,这些心理咨询师至少有两年在不同临床环境中提供直接临床服务的经验。两个典型相关分析(CCAs)的结果探讨了(a)LBI 分量表与 CBI 之间的关系,以及(b)SCS 分量表与 CBI 之间的关系。这两项 CCA 在统计上都有显著关系,表明(a) 生活平衡的增加与倦怠感的降低有关;(b) 自我同情的增加与倦怠感的降低有关。出现职业倦怠的心理咨询师可以通过提高生活平衡或增强自我同情来提高生活质量。
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引用次数: 0
Centering and counselor empathy: Examining the moderating effects of nondual awareness 居中与心理咨询师的共情:检验非二元意识的调节作用
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12528
Daniel Gutierrez, Stephanie Dorais, Jennifer Niles

Centering is a contemplative practice derived from centering prayer. In the context of counseling, our study explores centering as an intervention to enhance counselors’ empathy. Additionally, we investigate the moderating influence of nonduality, particularly bliss, on the changes in empathy over time. Through a randomized controlled trial involving counseling graduate students across the United States, we measured empathy and nonduality. Following a 4-week centering meditation treatment, the initial growth curve model revealed a statistically significant and sustained increase in empathy (p < 0.001). The second model underscored the significance of the three-way interaction between group, time, and nondual bliss, indicating a time-varying moderating effect on empathy. This research has practical implications for counseling and counselor training, endorsing centering meditation as a valuable tool for grounding counselors pre- and post-sessions and providing avenues for future exploration and application.

定心是一种源自定心祈祷的沉思练习。在心理咨询的背景下,我们的研究探讨了将定心作为一种干预措施来提高心理咨询师的移情能力。此外,我们还研究了非二元性(尤其是极乐)对移情随时间变化的调节作用。通过一项由美国各地的心理咨询研究生参与的随机对照试验,我们测量了移情和非二元性。在为期 4 周的定心冥想治疗后,最初的成长曲线模型显示移情有显著的统计学意义和持续的增长(p < 0.001)。第二个模型强调了小组、时间和非二元极乐之间的三方交互作用的重要性,表明时间变化对移情有调节作用。这项研究对心理咨询和心理咨询师培训具有实际意义,它认可定心冥想是心理咨询师在咨询前后接地的重要工具,并为未来的探索和应用提供了途径。
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引用次数: 0
School counselors in the classroom: A systematic review 课堂上的学校辅导员:系统回顾
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12522
Christopher D. Slaten, Jisu Lee, Carrie Wachter-Morris, Michael Steven Williams, Jenny Huynh

The American School Counseling Association has continuously defined school counselors as having a role in the classroom across four different iterations of the ASCA Model. And yet, the amount of scholarly production is limited along with the amount of time school counselors report actually spending time in the classroom with students. Further, the social-emotional learning (SEL) movement, among others, has encouraged the utilization of teachers in classrooms to provide lessons and interventions related to the social-emotional development of students rather than school counselors who have been trained to do so. The current study examines the literature on school counselor-facilitated classroom interventions over the past 30 years utilizing systematic review procedures to do so. The results indicate that only 40 classroom intervention studies have been published in peer-reviewed journals over the past 30 years. Implications for counselor education scholars and school counselors are discussed.

美国学校咨询协会(ASCA)对学校咨询师在课堂教学中的作用进行了四次不同的定义。然而,学术成果的数量有限,学校辅导员实际在课堂上与学生在一起的时间也有限。此外,社会情感学习(SEL)运动等鼓励在课堂上利用教师提供与学生社会情感发展相关的课程和干预措施,而不是鼓励学校辅导员接受这方面的培训。本研究利用系统性回顾程序,对过去 30 年来有关学校辅导员主持的课堂干预的文献进行了研究。结果表明,在过去 30 年中,只有 40 项课堂干预研究发表在同行评审期刊上。讨论了对辅导员教育学者和学校辅导员的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in therapists’ client dropout rates over time: Findings from a practice-research group 治疗师客户辍学率随时间的变化:实践研究小组的研究结果
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12521
Matteo Bugatti, Jesse Owen, Zachary Richardson, Wendy Rasmussen, Douglas A. Newton

Research has failed to consistently show that therapists facilitate better client outcomes as they gain more experience. The present study was designed to examine changes in early client retention over the course of extended periods of time among 2591 therapists in private practice. Naturalistic data collected between 2018 and 2022 was extracted from a technology-enabled practice-research group (PRG). Therapists displayed an increase in client dropout rates as they gained more experience on the PRG. Additionally, larger caseloads on the PRG were associated with lower increases in client dropout over time. Finally, therapists working with clients paying higher out-of-pocket fees (e.g., co-pays) had higher increases in client dropout over time. These findings provide additional evidence supporting the distinction between clinical experience and expertise.

研究未能一致表明,治疗师在积累更多经验的同时,也能为客户带来更好的治疗效果。本研究旨在考察 2591 名私人执业治疗师在较长时间内早期客户保留率的变化情况。在 2018 年至 2022 年期间收集的自然数据来自一个技术驱动的实践研究小组(PRG)。随着治疗师在 PRG 上获得更多经验,他们的客户退出率也有所上升。此外,随着时间的推移,PRG 上更大的工作量与更低的客户辍学率相关联。最后,治疗师为自付费用(如共同支付)较高的客户提供服务时,随着时间的推移,客户退出率的增加也较高。这些发现为临床经验和专业知识之间的区别提供了更多证据。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing social determinants of mental health: Client experiences and counselor practices 评估心理健康的社会决定因素:客户体验与辅导员实践
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12519
Alexandra Gantt-Howrey, Mickey Lin, Afroze Shaikh, Kaprea F. Johnson, Judith W. Preston, Liz Wilson

Increasing socioeconomic challenges and their impacts on mental health support the importance of assessing clients’ social determinants of mental health (SDMH) challenges. We examined counseling clients’ (N = 390) experiences with SDMH assessment in counseling using the Client Perceptions of SDMH Assessment Scale (CP-SDMH). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a three-factor structure for the CP-SDMH. Results suggest potential biases in SDMH assessment practices. Clients reported that SDMH assessment most often occurred verbally and in relation to health and economic issues. Disparities emerged, indicating higher assessment frequency for Black/African American clients compared to White clients, and lower SDMH assessment rates for clients in specific settings, such as private practices. Furthermore, results indicate a significant positive correlation between assessment of SDMH challenges and client satisfaction. Implications for counseling and future research are discussed.

日益严峻的社会经济挑战及其对心理健康的影响证明了评估客户心理健康社会决定因素(SDMH)挑战的重要性。我们使用 "客户对社会决定因素心理健康评估的看法量表"(CP-SDMH)研究了心理咨询客户(人数 = 390)在心理咨询中对社会决定因素心理健康评估的经验。确认因素分析证实了 CP-SDMH 的三因素结构。结果表明,在 SDMH 评估实践中可能存在偏差。客户报告称,SDMH 评估最常以口头方式进行,并与健康和经济问题相关。结果显示,黑人/非裔美国人客户的评估频率高于白人客户,而在私人诊所等特定环境中,客户的 SDMH 评估率较低。此外,结果表明,对 SDMH 挑战的评估与客户满意度之间存在明显的正相关。本文讨论了对心理咨询和未来研究的影响。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Counseling and Development
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