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Post-Athletic Career Profiles in Adulthood: Identity Formation and Well-Being of Former NCAA Division I and II Intercollegiate Athletes 成年后的运动生涯概况:前NCAA一级和二级校际运动员的身份形成和幸福感
IF 2.5 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12565
Elodie Wendling, Michael Sagas

Most intercollegiate athletes face a dual transition upon college graduation: transitioning from high-level competitive sport and entering adulthood. Athletes’ distinct developmental concerns caused by years of devotion to sport combined with the impact of positive identity development on subsequent career transitions led us to assess career identity formation profiles of former athletes during adulthood. We also investigated how resulting profiles differ according to well-being to distinguish well-adjusted profiles from maladaptive ones. Through cluster analyses, nine profiles emerged from a sample of 451 former intercollegiate athletes, with variants in moratorium illustrating a more incremental process of career exploration. New variants distinguished between intrinsically and extrinsically motivated commitments. While expressive achievement (9.6% of the sample) emerged as the most optimal profile, troubled diffusion (12.9%) and preliminary moratorium (11.3%) were the most maladaptive statuses, indicating severe identity confusion. Implications for research on former athletes’ career identity development and sport counseling practice are discussed.

大多数校际运动员在大学毕业时面临双重过渡:从高水平竞技体育过渡到成年。运动员对体育运动多年的投入所引起的独特的发展关注,以及积极的身份发展对随后的职业转变的影响,使我们评估了前运动员在成年期的职业身份形成概况。我们还研究了如何根据幸福感产生不同的配置文件,以区分调整良好的配置文件和不适应的配置文件。通过聚类分析,451名前校际运动员的样本中出现了9个特征,其中暂停的变化说明了一个更渐进的职业探索过程。新的变体区分了内在动机和外在动机的行为。虽然表达能力(9.6%)是最理想的状态,但扩散困难(12.9%)和初步暂停(11.3%)是最不适应的状态,表明严重的身份混淆。对退役运动员职业认同发展研究和运动咨询实践的启示进行了探讨。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Adventure Therapy in Anxiety-Related Disorders: A Meta-Analysis 评估冒险疗法在焦虑相关障碍中的有效性:一项荟萃分析
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12563
J. Reece McLain, G. Michael Russo, Cian L. Brown, Sarah McKenzie, H. Michael Crowson

A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effectiveness of adventure therapy (AT) in the treatment of individuals with symptoms of anxiety-related disorders. This study reports findings from a comprehensive literature search, including 15 databases/repositories and seven key journal-specific searches. Studies were evaluated using standardized mean difference (SMD) and were assessed for risk of bias using funnel plot, fail-safe N, and trim and fill analysis. Twelve studies, containing a total of 21 effect sizes, were evaluated to determine the effectiveness of AT in decreasing symptoms of anxiety-related disorders (N = 2083), yielding a mean effect size of SMD = −0.56 (CI95 = −0.72, −0.39; PI95 = −1.25, 0.14). This meta-analysis provides evidence suggesting the effectiveness of AT in reducing symptoms associated with anxiety-related disorders. Support for AT as an evidence-based practice informs legislative and insurance policies, funding mechanisms for programming, and counselor training and credentialing. Our findings suggest that AT programs are effective in reducing anxiety-related disorder symptoms and underscore the need for increased support from legislative and insurance policies to increase client accessibility, an increase in funding mechanisms for AT programs across client settings, and the provision of more formal counselor training and credentialing.

进行了一项荟萃分析,以评估冒险疗法(AT)治疗有焦虑相关障碍症状的个体的有效性。本研究报告了综合文献检索的结果,包括15个数据库/存储库和7个关键期刊特定检索。使用标准化平均差(SMD)对研究进行评估,并使用漏斗图、故障安全N和修剪和填充分析评估偏倚风险。12项研究共包含21个效应量,评估了AT在减轻焦虑相关障碍症状方面的有效性(N = 2083),得出平均效应量SMD = - 0.56 (CI95 = - 0.72, - 0.39;Pi95 = - 1.25, 0.14)。这项荟萃分析提供了证据,表明AT在减轻焦虑相关障碍相关症状方面的有效性。支持AT作为一种基于证据的实践,可以为立法和保险政策、规划的资金机制以及咨询师培训和资格认证提供信息。我们的研究结果表明,AT项目在减少焦虑相关障碍症状方面是有效的,并强调需要增加立法和保险政策的支持,以增加客户的可及性,增加跨客户设置的AT项目的资金机制,以及提供更正式的咨询师培训和资格认证。
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引用次数: 0
Psychological Well-Being and Distress Among College Students: The Mediating Role of Resilience as a Dynamic Process 大学生心理健康与困扰:弹性的动态中介作用
IF 2.5 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12564
Yanhong Liu, Emily T. Beauparlant, Michiko Ueda, Qingyi Yu

The collegiate mental health literature reveals a single-spectrum perspective on mental health, with studies investigating either pathology or wellness. Following a dual-continua model, this study sought to examine psychological distress and well-being concurrently, based on a sample of 5670 students recruited from a mid-sized private university in the United States. Further, informed by a dynamic-process resilience framework, we tested the mediating effects of resilience between physical exercise, sleep quality, sense of belonging, and friendship and college students’ distress and well-being. We performed structural equation modeling, which generated a statistically significant model with adequate goodness of fit. The exogenous variables, including physical exercise, sleep quality, sense of belonging, and friendship, each had a significant direct effect on well-being and distress, with small to moderate magnitude. Resilience partially mediated the effects of the exogenous variables on distress and well-being. We discussed implications of study findings for counseling practice in the college setting.

大学心理健康文献揭示了对心理健康的单一光谱视角,研究要么调查病理学,要么调查健康。遵循双连续模型,本研究以美国一所中等规模私立大学招收的5670名学生为样本,试图同时考察心理困扰和幸福感。通过动态过程弹性框架,我们检验了弹性在体育锻炼、睡眠质量、归属感和友谊对大学生痛苦和幸福感的中介作用。我们进行了结构方程建模,生成了具有足够拟合优度的统计显著模型。外生变量,包括体育锻炼、睡眠质量、归属感和友谊,每一个都对幸福感和痛苦有显著的直接影响,幅度从小到中等。弹性部分介导了外生变量对痛苦和幸福感的影响。我们讨论了研究结果对大学辅导实践的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanisms Between Perceived Social Support and International Students’ Well-Being 感知社会支持与留学生幸福感的关系机制
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12562
Yangyang Liu, Hyung Joon Yoon, JoLynn V. Carney

This study investigated the mediating roles of hopeful career state and career engagement between perceived social support and well-being in a sample of 410 international students in US universities using structural equation modeling. Results revealed that perceived social support was positively associated with international students’ well-being. Hopeful career state served as partial mediator between perceived social support and well-being. Additionally, hopeful career state and career engagement formed a serial mediation effect. These findings highlight the importance of social support and career development in promoting the well-being of international students. Implications for counselors and counselor education to promote international students’ holistic well-being are discussed.

本研究以410名美国大学留学生为研究对象,采用结构方程模型,考察了希望职业状态和职业投入在感知社会支持与幸福感之间的中介作用。结果显示,感知社会支持与留学生幸福感呈正相关。期望职业状态在感知社会支持与幸福感之间起部分中介作用。此外,希望职业状态与职业投入形成了序列中介效应。这些发现强调了社会支持和职业发展在促进国际学生福祉方面的重要性。讨论了辅导员和辅导员教育对促进国际学生整体福祉的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Posttraumatic Appraisals Mediate the Relationship Between Childhood Psychological Abuse and Complex PTSD Symptom Severity 创伤后评估对儿童心理虐待与创伤后应激障碍症状严重程度的影响
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12561
Justin Watts, Jaeyoung Kim, Lindsey Warwick

Previous research established a connection between childhood psychological abuse (CPA), a common but understudied form of child maltreatment, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress. However, the connection between CPA and complex PTSD remains underexplored. This study investigated the relationship between CPA, posttraumatic appraisals (i.e., fear, alienation, betrayal, self-blame, anger, and shame), and complex PTSD symptoms among a sample of 263 college students using structural equation modeling. The model uncovered significant direct and indirect effects, demonstrating a significant association between CPA and posttraumatic appraisals. Further, posttraumatic appraisals were significantly associated with complex PTSD symptoms. The indirect effect of CPA on complex PTSD symptoms via posttraumatic appraisals was significant, confirming the mediating role of posttraumatic appraisals between CPA and complex PTSD symptoms. The model demonstrated substantial explanatory power, explaining 51.9% of the variance in posttraumatic appraisals and 94.7% of the variance in complex PTSD symptoms. Implications for counselors are discussed

以前的研究建立了儿童心理虐待(CPA)与创伤后应激症状之间的联系,这是一种常见的儿童虐待形式,但尚未得到充分研究。然而,CPA与复杂创伤后应激障碍之间的联系仍未得到充分探讨。本研究以263名大学生为研究对象,采用结构方程模型探讨了创伤后心理评估(恐惧、疏离、背叛、自责、愤怒和羞耻)与创伤后应激障碍复杂症状之间的关系。该模型揭示了显著的直接和间接影响,证明了CPA与创伤后评估之间的显著关联。此外,创伤后评估与复杂的创伤后应激障碍症状显著相关。创伤后评估对创伤后应激障碍复杂症状的间接影响显著,证实了创伤后评估对创伤后应激障碍复杂症状的中介作用。该模型具有很强的解释力,解释了51.9%的创伤后评估方差和94.7%的创伤后应激障碍复杂症状方差。讨论了对辅导员的影响
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引用次数: 0
AI Integration in Counseling Training: Aiding Counselors-in-Training in Self-Efficacy Enhancement and Anxiety Reduction 人工智能在咨询培训中的整合:帮助在职咨询师提高自我效能感和减少焦虑
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12560
Dayeon Jeong, Hayeon Lee, Hyerin Yang, Jenny Chaehyun Park, Sang Min Lee

This study aimed to integrate the technology into the training of counselors-in-training (CITs). This study examines the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted counseling training using ChatGPT in enhancing CITs’ self-efficacy and reducing anxiety. Moreover, it compares outcomes between CITs who engage in self-review and those who receive AI-generated feedback. CITs (N = 41) voluntarily participated in a three-session counseling practice using ChatGPT. Participants’ self-efficacy and anxiety levels were measured six times, including two pretraining and one posttraining survey. The results showed a significant increase in self-efficacy throughout the AI-assisted counseling training, with sustaining effects observed posttraining. Participants reported increased confidence and valuable practical experience. Anxiety levels also decreased, although significant differences were observed primarily between the first and second sessions. Notably, self-efficacy increased more steeply in the self-review group than in the AI-feedback group.

本研究旨在将该技术整合到在职咨询师的培训中。本研究考察了人工智能(AI)辅助咨询培训使用ChatGPT在提高cit自我效能感和减少焦虑方面的有效性。此外,它还比较了参与自我评估的cit和接受人工智能反馈的cit之间的结果。cit (N = 41)自愿参加了一个使用ChatGPT的三期咨询实践。参与者的自我效能感和焦虑水平测量了六次,包括两次训练前和一次训练后的调查。结果显示,在整个人工智能辅助咨询培训过程中,自我效能显著提高,并在培训后观察到持续的效果。与会者报告说,他们增强了信心,获得了宝贵的实践经验。焦虑水平也有所下降,尽管在第一次和第二次治疗期间观察到显著差异。值得注意的是,自我评价组的自我效能感比人工智能反馈组增加得更快。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of XR-Based Exposure Therapy for Phobic Disorders 基于x射线的暴露疗法治疗恐惧症的有效性
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12557
Richard Lamb, Jason Perry, Emily C. Sutherland, Douglas Hoston Jr., Alex Garris, Aniya M. DeRiggs

Research on anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) indicates that virtual reality and related technologies are effective tools for therapy. Given the similar underlying mechanism of these disorders to phobias, it is thought by researchers in mental health care that VR-based exposure therapies would have similar treatment outcomes. The purpose of this research is to examine the effectiveness of XR-based exposure therapy using physiological markers in combination with patient perceptions of phobic response. The primary research question for this study is as follows: what is the effectiveness of an XR-based exposure treatment for phobic disorder? Forty-five participants (22 males and 23 females) took part in the study. Results from the repeated measures analysis of variance illustrate statistically significant differences over time in the main effect of group. The three groups are (1) XR exposure, (2) traditional exposure, and (3) time-delay comparison. Results illustrate that XR-based exposure therapy offers multiple advantages over in vivo and imaginative exposure.

对焦虑和创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的研究表明,虚拟现实及其相关技术是治疗的有效工具。鉴于这些疾病与恐惧症的潜在机制相似,精神卫生保健研究人员认为,基于vr的暴露疗法将具有类似的治疗结果。本研究的目的是利用生理标记结合患者对恐惧反应的感知来检验基于x射线的暴露疗法的有效性。本研究的主要研究问题如下:基于x射线的暴露治疗恐惧症的有效性是什么?45名参与者(22名男性和23名女性)参加了这项研究。重复测量方差分析的结果表明,各组主效应随时间的变化有统计学意义。三组分别是(1)XR暴露,(2)传统暴露,(3)延时比较。结果表明,基于x射线的暴露治疗比体内暴露和想象暴露具有多种优势。
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引用次数: 0
The Big Five and HEXACO Personality Traits as Predictors of Multicultural Counseling Competencies of Turkish Counselor Candidates 大五人格特质与HEXACO人格特质对土耳其咨询师候选人多元文化咨询能力的预测作用
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12559
Cafer Kılıç

The diversity and unique psychological needs of individuals, groups, and communities have become challenging issues for the mental health profession. In light of these challenges, the extent to which mental health professionals can provide culturally appropriate psychological services has emerged as an important topic of research. The definition of multicultural counseling competencies has led to the examination of professionals’ individual, sociocultural, and professional competencies, but research on counselor personality is relatively limited and inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the associations between counselor personality and multicultural counseling competencies. The research participants included 267 counselor candidates, ranging in age from 21 to 47 years (Mage = 22.9, standard deviation [SD] = 2.97, 76% female), in Türkiye. The results of structural equation modeling indicated that the traits of openness/intellect and extraversion were significant predictors of the participants’ multicultural counseling competencies. The practical implications and educational outcomes of the present study were highlighted.

个体、群体和社区的多样性和独特的心理需求已经成为心理健康专业的挑战问题。鉴于这些挑战,精神卫生专业人员能够在多大程度上提供符合文化的心理服务已成为一个重要的研究课题。多元文化咨询能力的定义导致了对专业人员个体能力、社会文化能力和专业能力的考察,但对咨询师人格的研究相对有限且不一致。因此,本研究旨在探讨咨询师人格与多元文化咨询能力之间的关系。研究对象包括267名咨询师候选人,年龄从21岁到47岁不等(Mage = 22.9,标准差[SD] = 2.97, 76%为女性),来自 rkiye。结构方程模型的结果表明,开放性/智力和外向性是被试多元文化咨询能力的显著预测因子。强调了本研究的实际意义和教育成果。
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引用次数: 0
Structural Vulnerability Framework: An Application to Professional Counselors 结构性脆弱性框架:在专业咨询师中的应用
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12558
Christian D. Chan, Jordan B. Westcott

Professional counselors address systemic factors that underlie client wellness and utilization of counseling services. Despite growing attention toward social determinants of health and systems-based perspectives for multiculturalism, social justice, and advocacy, employing counseling interventions to address structural inequities remains nascent. Exploring structural vulnerabilities can be instrumental in reducing stigma for historically marginalized communities and their engagement with mental health services. This article introduces the structural vulnerability framework (SVF), a model of eight domains of structural vulnerability, as a tool to enhance structural humility, leverage social determinants of health, and offer systemic interventions in counseling practice. By outlining the framework, we proffer strategies that correspond to a comprehensive set of interventions and underscore the existing body of culturally responsive counseling research. We discuss future directions for research to apply domains of the SVF.

专业的咨询师会处理影响客户健康和利用咨询服务的系统性因素。尽管越来越多的人关注健康的社会决定因素以及基于系统的多元文化主义、社会正义和倡导观点,但采用咨询干预措施来解决结构性不平等问题仍处于萌芽阶段。探索结构性脆弱性可有助于减少对历史上被边缘化社区的耻辱感,并有助于他们参与精神卫生服务。本文介绍了结构性脆弱性框架(SVF),这是一个结构脆弱性八个领域的模型,作为增强结构性谦卑,利用健康的社会决定因素,并在咨询实践中提供系统干预的工具。通过概述框架,我们提供了与一套全面的干预措施相对应的策略,并强调了现有的文化响应咨询研究机构。讨论了SVF应用领域的未来研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
Development and Validation of the Parental Perceptions of School Counseling Scale (PPSC) 家长对学校辅导的认知量表(PPSC)的编制与验证
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12556
Mark G. Harrison, Yi Wang, Ronnel B. King

Parents are important stakeholders in school counseling, but research is impeded by the lack of a scale to measure their perceptions. We developed the Parental Perceptions of School Counseling (PPSC) Scale in Chinese and English. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis and found four factors: (1) negative beliefs about school counseling, (2) willingness to meet school counselors, (3) positive beliefs in the benefits of school counseling, and (4) trusting attitude toward counseling. We then conducted a confirmatory factor analysis and construct validation tests. Results supported the scale's four-factor structure. High degrees of reliability and validity were found. The scale's construct validity was tested by examining its relationship with theoretically related constructs, with the negative beliefs about school counseling dimension emerging as the most critical factor. Our study contributes to the literature by developing a psychometrically robust instrument that could help researchers better understand parental perceptions of school counseling.

家长是学校咨询的重要利益相关者,但由于缺乏衡量他们看法的尺度,研究受到阻碍。本研究编制了“家长对学校辅导的认知”(PPSC)量表。我们进行了探索性因素分析,发现了四个因素:(1)对学校咨询的消极信念,(2)与学校咨询师会面的意愿,(3)对学校咨询益处的积极信念,以及(4)对咨询的信任态度。然后,我们进行了验证性因素分析和构造验证性测试。结果支持量表的四因子结构。结果表明,本研究具有较高的信度和效度。通过考察量表与理论相关构念的关系来检验量表的构念效度,其中对学校咨询维度的消极信念是最关键的因素。我们的研究通过开发一种心理测量学上强大的工具来帮助研究人员更好地理解父母对学校咨询的看法,从而为文献做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Counseling and Development
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