British Journal of Health Psychology最新文献_第5页

The effects of communicating illness diagnostic and treatment information and C-reactive protein test results on people's antibiotic expectations 沟通疾病诊疗信息和c反应蛋白检测结果对人们抗生素预期的影响

IF 2.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.70020

Andriana Theodoropoulou, Matteo Lisi, Jonathan Rolision, Miroslav Sirota

Objectives

Patients' expectations for antibiotics are among the strongest predictors of clinicians' decisions to overprescribe antibiotics. In this registered report, we used a signal detection theory framework to investigate the experimental effects of the communication interventions that family physicians can use to reduce patients' diagnostic uncertainty, and consequently, their antibiotic expectations.

Methods

UK participants (N = 769) read hypothetical consultations for respiratory tract infections and were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: standard information (control), recommended information about the nature of the illness and antibiotic efficacy (recommended communication) or recommended information accompanied by point-of-care test results (recommended communication and CRP). Using a multilevel Bayesian probit regression, we estimated both decision bias (criterion) and sensitivity (d-prime).

Results

Aligned with our bias hypotheses, participants displayed a more liberal antibiotic bias in the control condition compared to both the recommended communication (Δc = −1.34, 95% CI [−1.57, −1.11]) and the recommended communication and CRP (Δc = −1.73, 95% CI [−1.99, −1.48]) conditions. They also showed greater liberal bias in the recommended communication condition compared to the recommended communication and CRP condition (Δc = −0.39, 95% CI [−0.65, 0.13]). Aligned with our sensitivity hypotheses, participants displayed significantly higher sensitivity in both the recommended communication (Δd' = 2.34, 95% CI [1.92, 2.79]) and the recommended communication and CRP (Δd' = 2.49, 95% CI [2.08, 2.95]) conditions compared to control.

Conclusions

Simple, evidence-based communication strategies—particularly when combined with diagnostic test results—can reduce antibiotic expectations, offering practical tools for clinicians to support appropriate prescribing.

患者对抗生素的期望是临床医生决定过度开抗生素的最强预测因素之一。在这篇注册报告中，我们使用信号检测理论框架来研究沟通干预的实验效果，家庭医生可以使用这种干预来减少患者的诊断不确定性，从而减少他们对抗生素的期望。方法英国参与者（N = 769）阅读呼吸道感染的假设咨询，并随机分配到以下三种情况中的一种：标准信息（对照），关于疾病性质和抗生素疗效的推荐信息（推荐沟通）或推荐信息伴护理点检测结果（推荐沟通和CRP）。使用多水平贝叶斯概率回归，我们估计了决策偏差（标准）和灵敏度（d-prime）。结果与我们的偏倚假设一致，与推荐的沟通（Δc = - 1.34, 95% CI[- 1.57, - 1.11]）和推荐的沟通和CRP （Δc = - 1.73, 95% CI[- 1.99, - 1.48]）相比，对照条件下的参与者表现出更自由的抗生素偏倚。与推荐沟通和CRP条件相比，他们在推荐沟通条件上也表现出更大的自由偏差（Δc = - 0.39, 95% CI[- 0.65, 0.13]）。与我们的敏感性假设一致，与对照组相比，参与者在推荐的沟通（Δd' = 2.34, 95% CI[1.92, 2.79]）和推荐的沟通和CRP （Δd' = 2.49, 95% CI[2.08, 2.95]）条件下都表现出显著更高的敏感性。结论：简单的循证沟通策略，特别是与诊断测试结果相结合时，可以降低对抗生素的期望，为临床医生提供实用工具，以支持适当的处方。

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引用次数: 0

Identifying the active components through the behaviour change techniques taxonomy in complex interventions for people living with multiple long-term health conditions: A systematic review 通过行为改变技术分类法确定对患有多种长期健康状况的人进行复杂干预的有效成分：一项系统综述

IF 2.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.70019

Tasmin A. Rookes, Danielle Nimmons, Rachael Frost, Megan Armstrong, Wing Nga Tsang, Laura Davies, Jamie Ross, Jane Hopkins, Manoj Mistry, Stephanie J. C. Taylor, Kate Walters

Background

More older adults are living with multiple long-term conditions (M-LTCs). Understanding the ‘active components’ of complex interventions to manage these is challenging. The Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy (BCTTv1) helps identify the ‘active components’ to understand which are associated with improved outcomes. This is important for people with M-LTCs due to health complications, competing health care regimes and conflicting clinical teams, requiring complex decision-making.

Objectives

This systematic review explores which BCTs are associated with effective complex interventions in people with M-LTCs.

Methods

Five databases were systematically searched to identify RCTs evaluating behaviour change intervention effectiveness in people with M-LTCs, published between 1999 and 2025. Data on intervention characteristics, effectiveness and BCTs were synthesized. A BCT index of potential was calculated by determining the percentage of studies that used a BCT that had a positive primary outcome. To be considered to have potential, a BCT had to have an index of potential higher than 50%.

Results

Fifty-nine eligible articles were included. 44/93 possible BCTs were identified, ranging from 1 to 16 different techniques per intervention (mean = 7). Thirty-two BCTs were present in three or more studies, of which 17 had the potential to improve outcomes, such as behavioural goal setting, monitoring outcomes, problem solving and providing information about health and emotional consequences. Interventions designed for people with both physical and mental LTCs were more likely to contain BCTs with higher potential.

Conclusions

Interventions delivered to those living with M-LTCs should incorporate relevant BCTs with a high index of potential and use mechanisms of action to identify other BCTs to include alongside these.

越来越多的老年人患有多种长期疾病（M-LTCs）。理解复杂干预措施的“主动成分”来管理这些是具有挑战性的。行为改变技术分类法（BCTTv1）有助于识别“有效成分”，以了解哪些与改善结果相关。这对由于健康并发症、相互竞争的卫生保健制度和相互冲突的临床团队而患有M-LTCs的人很重要，需要复杂的决策。本系统综述探讨了哪些bct与M-LTCs患者的有效复杂干预有关。方法系统检索5个数据库，以确定1999年至2025年间发表的评估M-LTCs患者行为改变干预效果的随机对照试验。综合干预特征、有效性和bct数据。BCT电位指数是通过确定使用BCT的主要结果为阳性的研究的百分比来计算的。BCT必须具有高于50%的潜力指数，才能被认为具有潜力。结果纳入59篇符合条件的文献。确定了44/93个可能的btc，每个干预的不同技术从1到16种不等（平均= 7）。在三个或更多的研究中有32个bct，其中17个具有改善结果的潜力，例如行为目标设定，监测结果，解决问题以及提供有关健康和情感后果的信息。为具有生理和心理LTCs的人设计的干预措施更有可能包含具有更高潜力的btc。向M-LTCs患者提供的干预措施应纳入具有高潜力指数的相关btc，并使用作用机制来确定其他btc。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring physical symptoms and distress in early-stage breast cancer survivors on hormone therapy: A qualitative study 探索激素治疗早期乳腺癌幸存者的身体症状和痛苦：一项定性研究

IF 2.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.70012

Sophie Fawson, Zoe Moon, Melanie Rattue, Rona Moss-Morris, Lyndsay D. Hughes

Objectives

Distress and physical symptoms are ongoing for early-stage breast cancer survivors on adjuvant hormone therapy. While previous qualitative research has focused on reporting the outcomes of distress and symptoms, as well as medication adherence, this study aimed to understand the link between symptoms and distress, exploring specifically how symptoms are distressing to inform interventions.

Design and Methods

A qualitative design was used with online semi-structured interviews conducted with 23 women with Stage I–III hormone receptor positive breast cancer, living in the United Kingdom and prescribed hormone therapy in the previous 2 years, about their experience of hormone therapy. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using inductive reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

The emotional burden of side-effects was an overarching theme. Other themes depicting why symptoms are distressing included the sense of helplessness around symptoms, living with and managing difficult feelings around loss and change, living with fear, worry and uncertainty around treatment side-effects and the internal conflict when making treatment decisions.

Conclusions

The findings indicate specific areas of emotional need in women prescribed hormone therapy related to living with and managing physical symptoms. This provides insight into how symptoms can contribute to distress, which goes beyond previous research that reports the perceived consequences of symptoms and distress. The results, therefore, can inform healthcare professional communication to support and validate ongoing experiences and the underlying decision conflict, which may be distressing for some women. Furthermore, psychological interventions could address the sense of loss and acceptance of limitations and change.

目的：在接受辅助激素治疗的早期乳腺癌幸存者中，困扰和身体症状持续存在。虽然以前的定性研究主要集中在报告痛苦和症状的结果，以及药物依从性，但本研究旨在了解症状和痛苦之间的联系，具体探索症状是如何使人痛苦的，从而为干预提供信息。设计与方法采用定性设计，对23名居住在英国并在过去2年内接受过激素治疗的I-III期激素受体阳性乳腺癌患者进行在线半结构化访谈，了解她们的激素治疗经历。访谈被逐字记录下来，并使用归纳反身主题分析进行分析。结果不良反应的情绪负担是主要的主题。其他描述为什么症状令人痛苦的主题包括对症状的无助感，生活和管理因失去和改变而产生的困难情绪，生活在治疗副作用的恐惧、担忧和不确定性中，以及在做出治疗决定时的内部冲突。结论：研究结果表明，在接受激素治疗的女性中，情感需求的特定领域与生活和控制身体症状有关。这提供了对症状如何导致痛苦的见解，这超越了先前报告症状和痛苦的感知后果的研究。因此，结果可以告知医疗保健专业沟通，以支持和验证正在进行的经验和潜在的决策冲突，这可能是一些妇女的痛苦。此外，心理干预可以解决失落感和接受限制和变化。

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引用次数: 0

Cervical screening attendance in young women and people with a cervix: An application of the COM-B model 年轻妇女和有子宫颈的人参加子宫颈普查：COM-B模型的应用

IF 2.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.70016

Sonia Shpendi, Paul Norman, Jilly Gibson-Miller, Rebecca Webster

Objectives

Cervical cancer (CC), which is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), results in around 3000 new cancer cases yearly in the UK. According to recent figures, rates in the UK have increased by 13% in young women over the last decade; screening attendance has fallen to a 10-year low. As the majority of women now reaching the screening age (24.5 years old) will be HPV vaccinated, research is needed to assess the possible impact of this successful immunisation programme on screening behaviours as well as to further our understanding of the current barriers and facilitators to screening and how these may differ between attendees and non-attendees.

Design

Cross-sectional survey.

Methods

Participants comprised 200 young women (attendees n = 100, non-attendees n = 100) aged 25–30 years old living in the UK. Participants completed an online questionnaire assessing COM-B model components and HPV vaccination status.

Results

A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that reflective motivation was the only COM-B component that was a significant independent predictor of screening attendance, such that higher reflective motivation scores increased the odds of having attended cervical screening. In addition, HPV-vaccinated individuals had significantly greater odds of having attended screening when compared to non-vaccinated individuals.

Conclusions

Reflective motivational factors are crucial in encouraging young women to attend CC screening. Future work should focus on developing interventions that enhance reflective motivation.

目的宫颈癌（CC）是由人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）引起的，在英国每年约有3000例新的癌症病例。最近的数据显示，在过去十年中，英国年轻女性的自杀率上升了13%；观影人数已降至10年来的最低点。由于现在达到筛查年龄（24.5岁）的大多数妇女将接种HPV疫苗，因此需要进行研究，以评估这一成功的免疫规划对筛查行为的可能影响，并进一步了解目前筛查的障碍和促进因素，以及参与者和非参与者之间这些障碍和促进因素有何不同。设计横断面调查。方法参与者包括200名年轻女性（参与者n = 100，非参与者n = 100），年龄在25-30岁，居住在英国。参与者完成了一份评估COM-B模型成分和HPV疫苗接种状况的在线问卷。结果多元逻辑回归分析显示，反思动机是唯一的COM-B组成部分，是筛查出勤率的重要独立预测因子，因此，较高的反思动机得分增加了参加子宫颈筛查的几率。此外，与未接种hpv疫苗的个体相比，接种hpv疫苗的个体参加筛查的几率明显更高。结论：反思性动机因素在鼓励年轻女性参加CC筛查中起着至关重要的作用。未来的工作应侧重于开发增强反思动机的干预措施。

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引用次数: 0

Measuring processes of change in behavioural interventions: Insights gained from linking mechanisms of action to associated measures 行为干预变化的测量过程：通过将行动机制与相关措施联系起来获得的见解

IF 2.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.70015

Paulina M. Schenk, Susan Michie, Marie Johnston, Talea Cornelius

Background

Testing mechanisms of action (MoAs) hypothesized to drive behaviour change improves intervention efficacy and allows theoretical propositions to be evaluated, enabling evidence accumulation. However, clear correspondence between behavioural MoAs and associated measures is lacking, creating challenges for intervention evaluation.

Aims

To link well-defined behavioural MoAs to multidimensional measures.

Method

Two researchers independently judged whether 44 measures (comprising 131 (sub)scales) in the Science of Behavior Change (SOBC) Measures Repository are suitable for measuring 270 MoAs from the Human Behaviour-Change Project's MoA Ontology (2022). Links were categorized as ‘confirmed’ (aligned with a prior expert opinion study linking measures to 26 MoAs), ‘removed’ or ‘new’. Judgements were compared, discussed, reconciled iteratively and jointly reviewed for consistency.

Results

Six hundred and eighty-six links between SOBC measures and MoAs were identified (397 ‘confirmed’, 289 ‘new’). Measures were found to tap into multiple MoAs, with 5.24 MoAs linked to each measure on average. These links demonstrated greater granularity than those identified in a previous expert opinion study because MoAs from the MoA Ontology were more specific than MoAs from this previous study. Commonly co-occurring MoAs were identified (e.g., ‘self-regulation process’ and ‘self-regulation capability’) and MoAs potentially missing from the ontology were noted.

Conclusion

The refined measure-MoA links provide more precise guidance for researchers when designing and/or selecting measures to assess the role of MoAs in theory-based behavioural interventions. Future research should further explore measure-MoA links by, for example, testing the discriminant content validity of ostensibly distinct measures that tap into the same or similar MoAs.

假设可以驱动行为改变的作用机制测试（MoAs）可以提高干预效果，并允许对理论命题进行评估，从而实现证据积累。然而，行为MoAs与相关措施之间缺乏明确的对应关系，这给干预评估带来了挑战。目的将定义明确的行为MoAs与多维措施联系起来。方法两名研究人员独立判断行为变化科学（SOBC）测量库中的44个测量（包括131个（子）量表）是否适合测量人类行为变化项目的MoA本体（2022）中的270个MoA。链接被分类为“确认”（与先前的专家意见研究一致，将措施与26个moa联系起来）、“删除”或“新”。判断被比较，讨论，调和迭代和共同审查的一致性。结果共鉴定出686个SOBC措施与moa之间的联系，其中397个为“已确认”，289个为“新发现”。研究发现，这些措施利用了多个moa，平均每个措施有5.24个moa。这些链接比以前的专家意见研究中确定的链接显示出更大的粒度，因为来自MoA本体的MoA比以前研究中的MoA更具体。确定了常见的共同发生的moa（例如，“自我调节过程”和“自我调节能力”），并指出了本体中可能缺失的moa。结论改进的测量- moa联系为研究人员设计和/或选择测量方法来评估moa在基于理论的行为干预中的作用提供了更精确的指导。未来的研究应该进一步探索测量- moa之间的联系，例如，测试表面上不同的测量方法的判别内容效度，这些测量方法利用了相同或类似的moa。

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引用次数: 0

Feasibility, acceptability, and exploratory outcomes of a virtual cognitive behavioural therapy-based group intervention for persistent fatigue in endometriosis: The Managing Fatigue in Endometriosis (MEND) programme 子宫内膜异位症持续疲劳的虚拟认知行为治疗组干预的可行性、可接受性和探索性结果：子宫内膜异位症的疲劳管理（MEND）项目

IF 2.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.70014

Alexandra Spyrelis, Maria E. Loades, Rizwana Roomaney

Introduction

This study developed and assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and exploratory outcomes of a six-session cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)-based intervention for endometriosis-related persistent fatigue, called Managing Fatigue in Endometriosis (MEND).

Methods

MEND was developed based on CBT for persistent fatigue and a prior qualitative study among fatigued patients with endometriosis in South Africa. After expert review, it was delivered online by trained counsellors to small groups. A single-arm within-subjects study with 21 participants (mean age 33.1, range 23–43 years) reporting moderate to severe fatigue pre-intervention was conducted. Feasibility, acceptability and patient-reported outcome measures were assessed.

Results

A high eligibility rate (n = 43, 83%) and lower enrolment rate (n = 21, 49%) were observed. Session attendance varied (43%–76%), with a 57% (n = 12) completion and 28% (n = 5) drop-out rate, mainly due to countrywide power outages during implementation. Qualitative data indicated that the intervention was acceptable to both participants and interventionists. Although not sufficiently powered to determine effectiveness, the Reliable Change Index indicated a mixed pattern of change—some outcomes showed improvement (18%–55%), while others reflected no change (18%–64%) or deterioration (9%–36%).

Conclusion

MEND was found to be feasible and acceptable, although attrition was high. A randomized controlled trial is warranted to assess treatment efficacy more definitively.

本研究开发并评估了一种基于认知行为疗法（CBT）的六阶段干预子宫内膜异位症相关持续性疲劳的可行性、可接受性和探索性结果，称为子宫内膜异位症疲劳管理（MEND）。方法基于CBT治疗持续性疲劳和之前对南非子宫内膜异位症疲劳患者的定性研究，开发MEND。经过专家审查后，由训练有素的咨询师在网上向小团体提供。进行了一项单臂受试者研究，有21名参与者（平均年龄33.1岁，范围23-43岁）报告干预前的中度至重度疲劳。评估可行性、可接受性和患者报告的结果措施。结果合格率高（n = 43, 83%），入组率低（n = 21, 49%）。会议出席率各不相同（43%-76%），有57% （n = 12）的完成率和28% （n = 5）的辍学率，主要是由于实施期间全国停电。定性数据表明，干预对参与者和干预者都是可接受的。虽然没有足够的力量来确定有效性，但可靠变化指数表明了一种混合的变化模式——一些结果显示改善（18%-55%），而另一些结果显示没有变化（18%-64%）或恶化（9%-36%）。结论MEND是可行的，可接受的，但磨耗较高。有必要进行随机对照试验以更明确地评估治疗效果。

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引用次数: 0

Is compassion fatigue a self-fulfilling prophecy in health care? A preregistered experimental study of manipulated expectations in doctors and medical trainees 在医疗保健领域，同情疲劳是一个自我实现的预言吗？一项关于医生和医学实习生被操纵期望的预注册实验研究。

IF 2.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.70013

Rachel Roskvist, Nathan S. Consedine

Objectives

To test the possibility that narratives regarding compassion as tiring (compassion fatigue) in health care represent a form of self-fulfilling prophecy by experimentally testing whether perceptions of compassion can be manipulated and whether such manipulations change ratings of compassion toward hypothetical patients.

Design

Preregistered experimental study of medical practitioners and trainee doctors conducted anonymously and online using a mixed between-groups and repeated within-person design.

Methods

New Zealand doctors and medical trainees were randomized to watch a video positioning compassion as positive or negative (or a control video). Perceptions of compassion were rated before and after the manipulation, before participants rated standardized vignettes depicting patients who systematically varied in terms of presentation and responsibility for condition. Data were analysed using factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results

Factorial ANOVA revealed that perceptions of compassion were influenced by the video manipulation but group differences in ratings of care, compassion, and desire to help hypothetical patients were not found. Patient presentation and responsibility manipulations showed large effects and there was evidence for the influence of social desirability.

Conclusions

This study provides ‘proof of principle’ that perceptions of compassion are malleable lending support to the possibility that a focus on compassion fatigue may be contributing to a self-fulfilling prophecy. Perceptions of compassion were readily altered following a short video intervention. While group differences in responses to hypothetical patients were not seen, the findings (particularly the large effect of patient factors) support the view that multiple factors contribute to the emergence of compassion in health care.

目的：通过实验测试对同情的感知是否可以被操纵，以及这种操纵是否会改变对假设患者的同情评级，来检验在医疗保健中关于同情令人厌倦的叙述（同情疲劳）代表一种自我实现预言的可能性。设计：对医生和实习医生进行预先注册的实验研究，采用匿名和在线的混合组间和重复的人内设计。方法：新西兰医生和医学培训生随机观看一段将同情定位为积极或消极的视频（或对照视频）。在操作前后，在参与者评估标准化的小插曲之前，对同情心的感知进行了评估，这些小插曲描述了在表现和对病情的责任方面有系统变化的患者。数据分析采用因子方差分析（ANOVA）。结果：因子方差分析显示，同情心的感知受到视频操作的影响，但在护理评分、同情心和帮助假设患者的愿望方面没有发现组间差异。患者表现和责任操纵表现出很大的影响，有证据表明社会可取性的影响。结论：这项研究提供了“原则证明”，即同情的感知是可塑的，这为关注同情疲劳可能有助于自我实现预言的可能性提供了支持。在一段简短的视频干预后，对同情心的看法很容易改变。虽然没有观察到对假想病人的反应的群体差异，但研究结果（特别是病人因素的巨大影响）支持了这样一种观点，即多种因素有助于医疗保健中同情心的出现。

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引用次数: 0

Tell me where you live, and I will predict your exercise levels: How self-regulatory action control, objective and perceived physical environment jointly explain physical activity time 告诉我你住在哪里，我就会预测你的运动水平：自我调节动作控制、客观和感知的物理环境如何共同解释身体活动时间

IF 2.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.70011

Dominika Wietrzykowska, Paulina Krzywicka, Zofia Szczuka, Ewa Kulis, Maria Siwa, Anna Kornafel, Hanna Zaleskiewicz, Monika Boberska, Anna Banik, Jowita Misiakowska, Nina Knoll, Theda Radtke, Ryan E. Rhodes, Aleksandra Luszczynska

Objectives

This study investigated how self-regulatory action control indicators (self-regulatory effort, awareness of standards, self-monitoring) and perceived physical environment (perceived physical environment at home, in the neighbourhood, and availability of health promotion programs) are connected to explain moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over time. Furthermore, we examined whether these associations were moderated by an ‘objective’ physical environmental indicator, comparing small towns and rural areas with fewer PA facilities with a large city with more physical activity (PA) facilities.

Methods and Design

The study applied a prospective design, with participants (N = 593) providing data twice, spanning 8 months between the measurements. MVPA time was assessed using ActiGraph GT3X-BT accelerometers. Two-group mediation models were tested with path analyses.

Results

The associations representing mediating effects, encompassing perceived home environment → awareness of standards → MVPA were significant and positive in the city (with more PA facilities), but no mediation effects were found for data collected in towns/rural areas (with fewer PA facilities). High perceived availability of health promotion programmes was directly related to lower MVPA, but only in towns/rural areas (with fewer PA facilities).

Conclusions

The findings suggest distinct patterns of associations in the larger city, compared to smaller towns/rural areas. Different perceived environmental characteristics and different self-regulatory action control facets may directly and indirectly predict MVPA of citizens living in these two types of locations.

本研究探讨了自我调节行动控制指标（自我调节努力、标准意识、自我监测）和感知物理环境（感知的家庭、社区物理环境和健康促进计划的可用性）如何相互关联，以解释中高强度身体活动（MVPA）随时间的变化。此外，我们研究了这些关联是否受到“客观”物理环境指标的调节，将体育活动设施较少的小城镇和农村地区与体育活动设施较多的大城市进行了比较。方法与设计本研究采用前瞻性设计，参与者（N = 593）提供两次数据，测量间隔为8个月。使用ActiGraph GT3X-BT加速度计评估MVPA时间。采用通径分析对两组中介模型进行检验。结果家庭环境感知→标准意识→MVPA的中介效应在城市（PA设施较多）呈显著正相关，而在乡镇（PA设施较少）无中介效应。健康促进方案的高可获得性与较低的MVPA直接相关，但仅在城镇/农村地区（PA设施较少）。研究结果表明，与小城镇/农村地区相比，大城市的关联模式不同。不同的感知环境特征和不同的自我调节行为控制方面可以直接或间接地预测居住在这两类地点的公民的MVPA。

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引用次数: 0

Sleep, sedentary behaviour, physical activity and health-related quality of life in children and adolescents: A systematic review 儿童和青少年的睡眠、久坐行为、身体活动和健康相关生活质量：一项系统综述

IF 2.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.70004

Gabriela Ferreira, Andrés Redondo-Tébar, João Pedro Gonçalves, Eduarda Sousa-Sá, Olena Oliveira, Luís Lopes, Rute Santos

Purpose

This systematic review summarizes the associations between sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity and HRQoL in children and adolescents.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and SPORTDiscus were searched from inception until April 2023. Studies conducted in healthy children and adolescents, aged ≤17.9 years at baseline, with validated instruments to assess HRQoL were considered.

Results

Of 6914 reports, 92 (72 cross-sectional, 10 longitudinal, 10 randomized controlled trials) were included, representing 149,760 participants aged 3–20 years. Results provide consistent evidence on (i) the detrimental associations between poor sleep quality and HRQoL; and (ii) beneficial associations between total physical activity and sports participation on HRQoL. There is some support for the detrimental associations between short sleep duration or excessive screen time and HRQoL, and beneficial associations between long sleep and HRQoL. Cross-sectional reports dominated over longitudinal and RCTs, limiting event sequencing and causal inferences, respectively. There were few sleep studies compared to other exposures. The studies' quality varied from very low to moderate.

Conclusions

Results support limiting screen time during leisure time to <2 h/day, but do not provide sufficient evidence to establish a limit for total sedentary time/day, as well as promoting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (> 60 min/day) and sports participation. Nevertheless, high-quality studies are necessary in the future.

Registration

The protocol of this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023414970).

目的对儿童和青少年睡眠、久坐行为和体力活动与HRQoL的关系进行系统综述。方法检索PubMed、Embase、PsycINFO和SPORTDiscus数据库，检索时间为建站至2023年4月。考虑在基线年龄≤17.9岁的健康儿童和青少年中进行的研究，使用有效的工具来评估HRQoL。结果6914份报告中，包括92项（72项横断面试验，10项纵向试验，10项随机对照试验），涉及3-20岁的149760名受试者。结果提供了一致的证据：(1)睡眠质量差与HRQoL之间的有害关联；（ii）总体力活动和运动参与对HRQoL的有益关联。有一些研究支持睡眠时间短或屏幕时间过长与HRQoL之间存在有害关联，而睡眠时间长与HRQoL之间存在有益关联。横断面报告在纵向和随机对照试验中占主导地位，分别限制了事件排序和因果推断。与其他暴露相比，很少有睡眠研究。这些研究的质量从极低到中等不等。研究结果支持将休闲时间的屏幕时间限制在每天2小时，但没有提供足够的证据来建立每天总久坐时间的限制，以及促进中等到剧烈的身体活动（每天60分钟）和体育活动的参与。然而，在未来，高质量的研究是必要的。本系统评价的方案在PROSPERO注册（CRD42023414970）。

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引用次数: 0

Smoking cessation supported by a smartphone app: A qualitative process evaluation of the Quit Sense feasibility RCT 智能手机应用程序支持的戒烟：戒烟意识可行性随机对照试验的定性过程评估

IF 2.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.70010

Aimie Hope, Felix Naughton, Caitlin Notley

Objectives

Quit Sense is a Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention (JITAI) smartphone app that provides real-time automated and in-situ support to help people attempting to quit smoking manage cue-induced cravings. This process evaluation study explored views and experiences of feasibility trial participants and assessed: (1) intervention experiences, (2) how these might help explain causal pathways towards behaviour change and (3) experiences of study participation.

Design

Qualitative interviews nested within a two-arm feasibility randomized control trial.

Methods

We purposefully sampled 20 participants (15 intervention, 5 usual care) for semi-structured telephone interviews. Data were thematically analysed and was supplemented with a descriptive analysis of relevant experiences to hypothesize causal pathways to behaviour change.

Results

Motivations for engaging in the trial and intervention included wanting greater accountability and to be part of something. Reasons for disengaging included successfully quitting (app no longer needed), lapsing/relapsing and preferring other support types. Mechanisms which reportedly enabled successful quit attempts included the app's prequit preparation phase through insights into smoking cues, the delivery of lapse avoidance strategies and the supportive messages which helped to reinforce the goal of quitting. The trial was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic and provided examples of situations and contexts in which Quit Sense was used and felt to be (un)helpful for cessation.

Conclusions

The Quit Sense app and trial were well received by participants. Participants reported that the preparation phase used for app training prior to their quit date was of particular value and not currently offered by other apps tried.

Quit Sense是一款即时自适应干预（JITAI）智能手机应用程序，它提供实时自动化和原位支持，帮助试图戒烟的人控制提示引起的渴望。本过程评估研究探讨了可行性试验参与者的观点和经验，并评估了：(1)干预经验；(2)这些经验如何有助于解释行为改变的因果途径；(3)研究参与经验。设计在两组可行性随机对照试验中嵌套定性访谈。方法我们有目的地抽取20名参与者（15名干预，5名常规护理）进行半结构化电话访谈。对数据进行了主题分析，并辅以对相关经验的描述性分析，以假设行为改变的因果途径。参与试验和干预的动机包括想要更大的责任和成为某事的一部分。退出的原因包括成功退出（不再需要应用程序），失效/复发以及更喜欢其他支持类型。据报道，成功戒烟的机制包括应用程序的戒烟前准备阶段，通过洞察吸烟线索，提供失误避免策略以及有助于加强戒烟目标的支持性信息。该试验是在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间进行的，并提供了使用戒烟感知的情况和背景示例，并认为戒烟感知对戒烟（无益）有帮助。结论Quit Sense应用程序和试验得到了参与者的好评。参与者报告说，在戒烟日期之前用于应用程序培训的准备阶段特别有价值，目前其他试用的应用程序没有提供。

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引用次数: 0