British Journal of Health Psychology最新文献_第10页

Adapted motivational interviewing for brief healthcare consultations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment fidelity in real-world evaluations of behaviour change counselling 简短医疗咨询的适应性动机访谈：行为改变咨询真实世界评估中治疗忠诚度的系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 7.9 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12664

Alison K. Beck, Amanda L. Baker, Ben Britton, Alistair Lum, Sonja Pohlman, Erin Forbes, Lyndell Moore, Ditte Barnoth, Sarah J. Perkes, Chris Oldmeadow, Gregory Carter

Background

Behaviour change counselling (BCC) is an adaptation of motivational interviewing (MI) designed to maximize the effectiveness of time-limited health behaviour change consultations. To improve intervention quality and understanding of treatment effects, it is recommended that evaluations of health behaviour change interventions incorporate existing fidelity frameworks (e.g. The National Institutes of Health [NIH] Behaviour Change Consortium) and ensure that treatment fidelity is assessed and reported.

Purpose

This systematic review was designed to examine (a) adherence to NIH fidelity recommendations, (b) provider fidelity to BCC and (c) impact of these variables on the real-world effectiveness of BCC for adult health behaviours and outcomes.

Methods and Results

Searches of 10 electronic databases yielded 110 eligible publications describing 58 unique studies examining BCC delivered within real-world healthcare settings by existing providers. Mean study adherence to NIH fidelity recommendations was 63.31% (Range 26.83%–96.23%). Pooled effect size (Hedges g) for short-term and long-term outcomes was .19 (95% CI [.11, .27]) and .09 (95% CI [.04, .13]), respectively. In separate, random-effects meta-regressions, neither short-term nor long-term effect sizes were significantly modified by adherence to NIH fidelity recommendations. For the subgroup of short-term alcohol studies (n = 10), a significant inverse relationship was detected (Coefficient = −.0114, 95% CI [−.0187, −.0041], p = .0021). Inadequate and inconsistent reporting within the included studies precluded planned meta-regression between provider fidelity and BCC effect size.

Conclusions

Further evidence is needed to clarify whether adherence to fidelity recommendations modifies intervention effects. Efforts to promote transparent consideration, evaluation and reporting of fidelity are urgently needed. Research and clinical implications are discussed.

背景：行为改变咨询（BCC）是对动机访谈（MI）的改编，旨在最大限度地提高限时健康行为改变咨询的有效性。为了提高干预质量和对治疗效果的理解，建议对健康行为改变干预措施的评估纳入现有的保真度框架（例如美国国立卫生研究院[NIH]行为改变联盟），并确保评估和报告治疗保真度。目的：本系统综述旨在检查（a）对NIH保真度建议的遵守情况，（b）提供者对BCC的保真度，以及（c）这些变量对BCC对成人健康行为和结果的真实有效性的影响。方法和结果：对10个电子数据库的搜索产生了110份符合条件的出版物，描述了58项独特的研究，这些研究检查了现有提供者在现实世界医疗环境中提供的BCC。对NIH保真度建议的平均研究依从性为63.31%（范围26.83%-96.23%）。短期和长期结果的综合效应大小（Hedges g）分别为.19（95%CI[.11，.27]）和.09（95%CI[0.04，.13]）。在单独的随机效应元回归中，短期和长期效应大小都没有因遵守NIH保真度建议而显著改变。对于短期酒精研究的亚组（n = 10），检测到显著的反比关系（系数 = -.0114，95%置信区间[-.0187，-.0041]，p = .0021）。纳入研究中的报告不充分且不一致，排除了提供者保真度和BCC效应大小之间的计划元回归。结论：需要进一步的证据来阐明遵守保真度建议是否会改变干预效果。迫切需要努力促进对忠诚度的透明审议、评估和报告。讨论了研究和临床意义。

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引用次数: 0

A qualitative process evaluation using the behaviour change wheel approach: Did a whole genome sequence report form (SRF) used to reduce nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 within UK hospitals operate as anticipated? 使用行为改变轮方法的定性过程评估：用于减少英国医院内严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型的全基因组序列报告表（SRF）是否如预期那样运行？

IF 7.9 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12666

Paul Flowers, Ruth Leiser, Fiona Mapp, Julie McLeod, Oliver Stirrup, Christopher J. R. Illingworth, James Blackstone, Judith Breuer

Purpose

The aim of this study was to conduct a process evaluation of a whole-genome sequence report form (SRF) used to reduce nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 through changing infection prevention and control (IPC) behaviours within the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

We used a three-staged design. Firstly, we described and theorized the purported content of the SRF using the behaviour change wheel (BCW). Secondly, we used inductive thematic analysis of one-to-one interviews (n = 39) to explore contextual accounts of using the SRF. Thirdly, further deductive analysis gauged support for the intervention working as earlier anticipated.

Results

It was possible to theorize the SRF using the BCW approach and visualize it within a simple logic model. Inductive thematic analyses identified the SRF's acceptability, ease of use and perceived effectiveness. However, major challenges to embedding it in routine practice during the unfolding COVID-19 crisis were reported. Notwithstanding this insight, deductive analysis showed support for the putative intervention functions ‘Education’, ‘Persuasion’ and ‘Enablement’; behaviour change techniques ‘1.2 Problem solving’, ‘2.6 Biofeedback’, ‘2.7 Feedback on outcomes of behaviour’ and ‘7.1 Prompts and cues’; and theoretical domains framework domains ‘Knowledge’ and ‘Behavioural regulation’.

Conclusions

Our process evaluation of the SRF, using the BCW approach to describe and theorize its content, provided granular support for the SRF working to change IPC behaviours as anticipated. However, our complementary inductive thematic analysis highlighted the importance of the local context in constraining its routine use. For SRFs to reach their full potential in reducing nosocomial infections, further implementation research is needed.

目的：本研究的目的是对全基因组序列报告表（SRF）进行过程评估，该报告表用于通过改变新冠肺炎大流行中的感染预防和控制（IPC）行为来减少医院感染的SARS-CoV-2。方法：采用三阶段设计。首先，我们使用行为改变轮（BCW）描述并理论化了SRF的所谓内容。其次，我们对一对一访谈（n = 39）来探索使用SRF的上下文说明。第三，进一步的演绎分析衡量了对干预措施的支持，正如之前预期的那样。结果：可以使用BCW方法将SRF理论化，并在一个简单的逻辑模型中可视化。归纳专题分析确定了SRF的可接受性、易用性和感知的有效性。然而，据报道，在新冠肺炎危机期间，将其纳入日常实践面临重大挑战。尽管有这种见解，演绎分析显示支持假定的干预功能“教育”、“说服”和“使能”；行为改变技术“1.2问题解决”、“2.6生物反馈”、“2.7行为结果反馈”和“7.1提示和线索”；和理论领域框架领域“知识”和“行为调节”。结论：我们对SRF的过程评估，使用BCW方法来描述和理论化其内容，为SRF按照预期改变IPC行为提供了细粒度的支持。然而，我们的补充归纳主题分析强调了当地背景在限制其日常使用方面的重要性。SRF要充分发挥其在减少医院感染方面的潜力，还需要进一步的实施研究。

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引用次数: 0

Resilience and distress among young adults with chronic health conditions: A longitudinal study 患有慢性疾病的年轻人的复原力和痛苦：一项纵向研究。

IF 7.9 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12667

Erika Wright, Timothy R. Elliott, Oi-Man Kwok, Qiyue Zhang, Mikaela Spooner

Objectives

To test the beneficial associations of a resilient personality prototype among emerging adults with chronic health conditions (CHC) over an 8-year period.

Design

Longitudinal, prospective observation study.

Methods

Data obtained from emerging adults in the Add Health project with a CHC and completed study measures at two time points (286 men, 459 women) were examined. Cluster analysis was used to identify a resilient personality prototype at the first time point, as defined in the Block model of personality. Differences between those with a resilient and non-resilient prototype were examined. A structural equation model (SEM) tested the association of a resilience prototype with positive affect, perceived control and family relationships in predicting distress over time.

Results

A resilient personality profile was identified (n = 256). These individuals reported higher positive affect, greater perceived control and less distress at both measurement occasions than those without this profile (n = 489). Women reported more distress than men. SEM revealed the relationship of a resilient prototype to distress was explained by its beneficial association with positive affect and perceived control at the first assessment, and through its beneficial association with perceived control 8 years later. Gender independently predicted distress.

Conclusions

A resilient personality prototype appears to operate through its beneficial association with perceived control to prospectively predict distress reported by emerging adults with CHC. The self-regulatory properties theoretically associated with a resilient personality prototype may function through perceptions of control which, in turn, prevent prolonged experiences of distress. Clinical implications are considered.

目的：在8年的时间里，在患有慢性健康状况（CHC）的新兴成年人中，测试坚韧人格原型的有益关联。设计：纵向、前瞻性观察研究。方法：对从具有CHC的Add Health项目中的新兴成年人获得的数据以及在两个时间点（286名男性，459名女性）完成的研究测量进行检查。聚类分析用于在第一个时间点识别弹性人格原型，如人格块模型中所定义的。研究了具有弹性原型和非弹性原型之间的差异。一个结构方程模型（SEM）测试了弹性原型与积极情感、感知控制和家庭关系在预测一段时间内的痛苦时的关联。结果：发现了一个有弹性的人格特征（n = 256）。这些人在两次测量中都比没有这种情况的人表现出更高的积极影响、更大的控制感和更少的痛苦（n = 489）。女性比男性更痛苦。SEM显示，弹性原型与痛苦的关系是通过其与第一次评估时的积极影响和感知控制的有益关联来解释的，以及通过其与感知控制的有利关联8 几年后。性别独立预测痛苦。结论：有弹性的人格原型似乎通过其与感知控制的有益联系来前瞻性预测新出现的CHC成年人报告的痛苦。理论上与弹性人格原型相关的自我调节特性可能通过控制感发挥作用，而控制感反过来又可以防止长期的痛苦经历。考虑了临床影响。

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引用次数: 0

Debunking nutrition myths: An experimental test of the ‘truth sandwich’ text format 揭开营养神话：“真相三明治”文本格式的实验测试。

IF 7.9 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12665

Laura M. König

Objectives

Myths about diet and nutrition are widespread and may seriously impact health and well-being. This study tests whether texts in a truth sandwich format, that is, texts presenting two blocks of factual, correcting information around a text block listing a myth and identifying it as false, are effective in reducing agreement with a range of nutrition myths.

Design

Prestudy: observational survey; main study: 4 Text × 6 statement mixed experimental design.

Methods

Out of 13 nutrition myths that were presented to 58 participants in a prestudy, the six most prevalent myths were selected for the main study. In the preregistered main study, 302 participants were randomly assigned to either reading one of three texts in the truth sandwich format addressing a nutrition myth or reading a text about healthy eating (control condition) before rating their agreement with a total of six nutrition myths.

Results

Participants agreed less with the specific myth targeted by the truth sandwich text, while controls were not differentiating between them.

Conclusions

Thus, truth sandwiches are effective in reducing agreement with myths and can be harnessed to promote evidence-based dietary practices to promote health in the population.

目标：关于饮食和营养的神话很普遍，可能会严重影响健康和幸福。这项研究测试了真理三明治格式的文本，即呈现两个事实块的文本，围绕一个列出神话的文本块更正信息并将其认定为虚假的文本，是否能有效减少与一系列营养神话的一致性。设计：预研：观察性调查；主要研究：4个文本× 6陈述混合实验设计。方法：在一项研究前向58名参与者提出的13个营养神话中，选择六个最普遍的神话作为主要研究。在预先注册的主要研究中，302名参与者被随机分配阅读三篇关于营养神话的真理三明治形式的文本中的一篇，或者阅读一篇关于健康饮食（对照条件）的文本，然后对他们对总共六个营养神话的一致性进行评分。结果：参与者不太同意真相三明治文本所针对的特定神话，而对照组则没有区分他们。结论：因此，真理三明治在减少与神话的一致性方面是有效的，可以用来促进循证饮食实践，以促进人群健康。

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引用次数: 1

The experience of relatives and friends of patients with moderate to advanced chronic kidney disease: Insights from the CKD-REIN cohort study 中晚期慢性肾脏病患者亲友的经历：来自CKD-REIN队列研究的见解。

IF 7.9 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2023-04-20 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12662

Lucile Montalescot, Géraldine Dorard, Elodie Speyer, Karine Legrand, Carole Ayav, Christian Combe, Bénédicte Stengel, Aurélie Untas

Objectives

The transition from chronic kidney disease (CKD) to kidney failure requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT; i.e., dialysis or transplantation) to sustain life is a stressful event for patients. Families play a role in patients' treatment decision-making, but little is known about how they are involved. This study aimed to explore the experience of CKD among relatives and friends, their views and involvement in KRT choice.

Design/Methods

We conducted a qualitative study among 56 relatives or friends of patients with moderate to advanced CKD who were enrolled in the CKD-REIN cohort study. A psychologist conducted semi-structured interviews about their experience with CKD, treatment decision-making and their role in this process. Data were analysed using statistical text analysis.

Results

The mean age of participants was 56.4 ± 14 years; 75% were women, 61% were patients' partners and 48% had a relative or friend with stage G4 CKD. The analysis yielded four lexical classes: listeners with an opinion, coping with CKD on a daily basis, narrating patients' nephrological monitoring and emotions behind facts. Participants reported a listening role in the decision-making period and information needs. Some reported that CKD had no impact on their own daily lives, but others talked about its current and future physical, psychological and social consequences on them, the patients and their relationships.

Conclusions

Most relatives/friends reported having little influence on KRT decision-making but expressed opinions on these treatments. Including relatives/friends in education on KRT and providing them with decision aids, especially when family members are supportive, may allow for more suitable decisions.

目的：从慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）到需要肾脏替代治疗（KRT；即透析或移植）来维持生命的肾衰竭的转变对患者来说是一个压力事件。家庭在患者的治疗决策中发挥着作用，但人们对他们是如何参与的知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨CKD在亲友中的经历、他们的观点以及对KRT选择的参与。设计/方法：我们对参与CKD-REIN队列研究的56名中晚期CKD患者的亲属或朋友进行了一项定性研究。一位心理学家对他们的CKD经历、治疗决策以及他们在这一过程中的作用进行了半结构化访谈。使用统计文本分析对数据进行分析。结果：参与者的平均年龄为56.4岁 ± 14 年；75%是女性，61%是患者的伴侣，48%有G4期CKD的亲戚或朋友。该分析产生了四个词汇类别：有意见的听众、日常应对CKD、讲述患者的肾脏病监测和事实背后的情绪。与会者报告了在决策期间的倾听作用和信息需求。一些人报告说，CKD对他们自己的日常生活没有影响，但另一些人谈到了它对他们、患者及其关系的当前和未来的身体、心理和社会后果。结论：大多数亲属/朋友表示对KRT决策影响不大，但对这些治疗方法表达了意见。让亲属/朋友参与KRT的教育，并为他们提供决策辅助工具，尤其是在家人支持的情况下，可能会做出更合适的决定。

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引用次数: 0

Attitudes of mothers and health care providers towards behavioural interventions promoting breastfeeding uptake: A systematic review of qualitative and mixed-method studies 母亲和卫生保健提供者对促进母乳喂养的行为干预措施的态度：对定性和混合方法研究的系统综述。

IF 7.9 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2023-04-15 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12663

Antonio Rojas-García, Sabrina Lingeman, Angelos P. Kassianos

Purpose

Recommendations for exclusive breastfeeding are not often adhered to despite the robust evidence of its benefits. This systematic review aims to collate evidence on the attitudes mothers and health care providers have towards breastfeeding interventions to understand what aspects best contribute to acceptability and feasibility.

Methods

This review further investigates the value of identifiable behaviour change techniques (BCTs) to uncover which components of an intervention are perceived to be most useful and acceptable. The main biomedical databases were searched, and 17 (n = 17) studies met the inclusion criteria.

Results

A total of nine BCTs were identified within the interventions. The thematic analysis produced four main domains: usefulness, accessibility, value and sustainability. Women discussed the importance of the support they received in these interventions and demonstrated a positive view towards three BCTs: ‘social support (unspecified)’, ‘instruction on how to perform behaviour’ and ‘demonstration of behaviour’. Additionally, women highlighted the benefit of personal, non-clinical and flexible emotional and practical support from peers, lactation consultants and support groups. Health care providers echoed these opinions and specifically highlighted the usefulness of interventions that allowed for continuity of care and more personal breastfeeding support.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that ongoing practical as well as emotional support is crucial for standard in-hospital support to succeed at increasing breastfeeding rates. Future research would need to better understand the nuances of the interventions among women and providers to enhance their implementation.

目的：尽管有强有力的证据表明纯母乳喂养有益，但人们并不经常遵守纯母乳喂养的建议。这项系统审查旨在整理有关母亲和医疗保健提供者对母乳喂养干预措施的态度的证据，以了解哪些方面最有助于提高可接受性和可行性。方法：本综述进一步调查了可识别行为改变技术（BCT）的价值，以揭示干预措施的哪些组成部分被认为是最有用和最可接受的。检索了主要的生物医学数据库 = 17）研究符合纳入标准。结果：在干预措施中总共发现了9个BCT。专题分析产生了四个主要领域：有用性、可及性、价值和可持续性。妇女们讨论了她们在这些干预措施中获得的支持的重要性，并对三个BCT表现出积极的看法：“社会支持（未指明）”、“如何表现行为的指导”和“行为示范”。此外，女性强调了来自同龄人、哺乳顾问和支持团体的个人、非临床和灵活的情感和实践支持的好处。卫生保健提供者赞同这些意见，并特别强调了干预措施的有用性，这些干预措施允许护理的连续性和更多的个人母乳喂养支持。结论：这些发现表明，持续的实际和情感支持对于标准的住院支持成功提高母乳喂养率至关重要。未来的研究需要更好地了解妇女和提供者之间干预措施的细微差别，以加强其实施。

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引用次数: 0

Stress buffering after physical activity engagement: An experience sampling study 体育活动参与后的压力缓冲:经验抽样研究

IF 7.9 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12659

Leo Gerstberger, Elisabeth S. Blanke, Jan Keller, Annette Brose

Objectives

While encountering daily hassles is a normative experience, it poses a threat to individuals' daily affective well-being. However, physical activity engagement may help to reduce the current stress-related impact on affective well-being (i.e. stress buffering), which we investigate in this study. Furthermore, we examined the possible moderating role of people's global stress context (i.e. exposure to major life events and chronic stress) on this within-person stress-buffering effect.

Design

We approached these ideas using six-times-a-day experience sampling assessments over a period of 22 days.

Methods

Drawing on a broad national sample of 156 middle-aged adults from the EE-SOEP-IS study, we aimed to elucidate the naturally occurring within-person dynamics of current stress, physical activity engagement, and momentary affect within individuals' everyday lives. Major life events and chronic stress were measured as between-person variables.

Results

Multilevel analyses revealed significant within-person associations of current stress and physical activity engagement with momentary affect. Stress-related negative affect was lower when individuals engaged in physical activity, in accordance with the idea of a within-person stress-buffering effect of physical activity engagement. For individuals exposed to more severe major life events, the stress-buffering effect of physical activity engagement for negative affect was lower. Chronic stress did not moderate the within-person stress-buffering effect.

Conclusions

Overall, results add to the existing literature that links physical activity to increased stress resilience and emphasizes the need for taking the global between-person stress context into account.

虽然遇到日常的麻烦是一种规范的体验，但它对个人的日常情感幸福构成了威胁。然而，参与体育活动可能有助于减少当前压力对情感幸福感的影响(即压力缓冲)，我们在本研究中对此进行了调查。此外，我们研究了人们的全球压力背景(即暴露于重大生活事件和慢性压力)对这种个人压力缓冲效应的可能调节作用。我们在22天的时间里使用每天6次的体验抽样评估来接近这些想法。方法从ee - sop - is研究中抽取全国范围内的156名中年人作为样本，我们旨在阐明个人日常生活中自然发生的当前压力、身体活动参与和瞬间影响的个人动态。主要生活事件和慢性压力被测量为人与人之间的变量。结果多水平分析显示，当前压力和身体活动参与与瞬间影响之间存在显著的内在关联。当个体参与体育活动时，与压力相关的负面影响较低，这与体育活动参与的个人内部压力缓冲效应的观点相一致。对于经历过更严重的重大生活事件的个体，体育活动参与对负面影响的压力缓冲作用更低。慢性应激对人体内应激缓冲作用没有调节作用。总的来说，研究结果增加了现有文献中体力活动与增加压力恢复力之间的联系，并强调了将全球人际压力环境考虑在内的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

How the COVID-19 crisis affected the well-being of nurses working in paediatric critical care: A qualitative study 新冠肺炎危机如何影响儿科重症监护护士的福祉：一项定性研究。

IF 7.9 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12661

Jackson Pountney, Isabelle Butcher, Peter Donnelly, Rachael Morrison, Rachel L. Shaw

Objectives

Evidence shows paediatric critical care (PCC) nurses display high rates of burnout, moral distress, symptoms associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and poor well-being. The COVID-19 pandemic magnified these pressures producing extremely challenging working conditions. The objective was to understand PCC nurses' lived experience of working during COVID-19 to determine the impact it had on their well-being.

Design

A qualitative design was used with individual, semi-structured online interviews analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

Ten nurses from six PCC units in England participated. Five themes were generated: (i) Challenges of working in Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), (ii) Adapting to redeployment to adult intensive care, (iii) Changes to staff working relationships, (iv) Being unable to attain work-life balance and (v) Unprocessed traumatic experiences of working in COVID-19. It was clear COVID-19 presented novel challenges to PCC nurses' well-being. With those came enforced changes in practice; some were temporary, for example use of PPE and redeployment, but others provided insight into the prerequisites for good staff well-being, for example strong professional relationships, work–life balance and managing one's psychological health.

Conclusions

Findings show authentic connections between peers, verbal and non-verbal communication and a sense of belonging were crucial to nurses' well-being. A dent in PCC nurses' perceived competence significantly affected their well-being. Finally, staff need a psychologically safe space to process distress and trauma experienced during COVID-19. Future research needs to test evidence-based, theoretically-informed well-being interventions to improve and maintain PCC nurses' well-being.

目的：有证据表明，儿科重症监护（PCC）护士表现出较高的倦怠率、道德痛苦率、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）相关症状和不良幸福感。新冠肺炎大流行加剧了这些压力，产生了极具挑战性的工作条件。目的是了解PCC护士在新冠肺炎期间的工作经历，以确定其对其健康的影响。设计：采用定性设计，通过主题分析对个人、半结构化在线访谈进行分析。结果：来自英格兰6个PCC单位的10名护士参加了此次活动。产生了五个主题：（i）个人防护装备工作的挑战，（ii）适应重新部署到成人重症监护室，（iii）员工工作关系的变化，（iv）无法实现工作与生活的平衡，（v）在新冠肺炎工作的未经处理的创伤经历。很明显，新冠肺炎给PCC护士的健康带来了新的挑战。随之而来的是实践中的强制变革；有些是暂时的，例如使用个人防护装备和重新部署，但另一些则深入了解了员工良好健康的先决条件，例如牢固的职业关系、工作与生活的平衡以及管理自己的心理健康。结论：研究结果表明，同伴之间的真实联系、言语和非言语交流以及归属感对护士的幸福感至关重要。PCC护士感知能力的下降显著影响了他们的幸福感。最后，工作人员需要一个心理安全的空间来处理新冠肺炎期间经历的痛苦和创伤。未来的研究需要测试循证的、理论上知情的幸福干预措施，以改善和维持PCC护士的幸福感。

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引用次数: 0

Reducing touching eyes, nose and mouth (‘T-zone’) to reduce the spread of infectious disease: A prospective study of motivational, volitional and non-reflective predictors 减少触摸眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴（“区域”）以减少传染病的传播：一项动机、意志和非反思性预测因素的前瞻性研究。

IF 7.9 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12660

Mackenzie Wilson, Zachary M. van Allen, Jeremy M. Grimshaw, Jamie C. Brehaut, Audrey Durand, Jean-François Lalonde, Douglas G. Manuel, Susan Michie, Robert West, Justin Presseau

Background

The route into the body for many pathogens is through the eyes, nose and mouth (i.e., the ‘T-zone’) via inhalation or fomite-based transfer during face touching. It is important to understand factors that are associated with touching the T-zone to inform preventive strategies.

Purpose

To identify theory-informed predictors of intention to reduce facial ‘T-zone’ touching and self-reported ‘T-zone’ touching.

Methods

We conducted a nationally representative prospective questionnaire study of Canadians. Respondents were randomized to answer questions about touching their eyes, nose, or mouth with a questionnaire assessing 11 factors from an augmented Health Action Process Approach at baseline: intention, outcome expectancies, risk perception, individual severity, self-efficacy, action planning, coping planning, social support, automaticity, goal facilitation and stability of context. At 2-week follow-up, we assessed HAPA-based indicators of self-regulatory activities (awareness of standards, effort, self-monitoring) and self-reported behaviour (primary dependent variable).

Results

Of 656 Canadian adults recruited, 569 responded to follow-up (87% response rate). Across all areas of the ‘T-zone’, outcome expectancy was the strongest predictor of intention to reduce facial ‘T-zone’ touching, while self-efficacy was a significant predictor for only the eyes and mouth. Automaticity was the strongest predictor of behaviour at the 2-week follow-up. No sociodemographic or psychological factors predicted behaviour, with the exception of self-efficacy, which negatively predicted eye touching.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that focusing on reflective processes may increase intention to reduce ‘T-zone’ touching, while reducing actual ‘T-zone’ touching may require strategies that address the automatic nature of this behaviour.

背景：许多病原体进入体内的途径是通过眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴（即“T区”），在面部触摸过程中通过吸入或基于fomite的转移。了解与接触T区相关的因素对制定预防策略很重要。目的：确定减少面部T区触摸和自我报告的T区触摸的理论预测因素。方法：我们对加拿大人进行了一项具有全国代表性的前瞻性问卷调查。受访者被随机分配回答有关触摸眼睛、鼻子或嘴巴的问题，问卷评估了基线时增强健康行动过程方法的11个因素：意图、结果预期、风险感知、个人严重程度、自我效能、行动计划、应对计划、社会支持、自动化、目标促进和情境稳定性。在2周的随访中，我们评估了基于HAPA的自我调节活动指标（对标准的认识、努力、自我监测）和自我报告行为（主要因变量）。结果：在656名被招募的加拿大成年人中，569人对随访有反应（87%的反应率）。在“T区”的所有区域，预期结果是减少面部“T区“触摸意图的最强预测因素，而自我效能感仅对眼睛和嘴巴是一个重要的预测因素。在2周的随访中，自动化是行为的最强预测因素。除了自我效能之外，没有任何社会人口统计学或心理因素可以预测行为，自我效能对眼睛触摸有负面预测。结论：研究结果表明，关注反思过程可能会增加减少“T区”触摸的意图，而减少实际的“T区“触摸可能需要解决这种行为的自动性质的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Engagement with arts and culture activities in the Danish general population: Longitudinal associations with new onset or persistent depression and mental wellbeing 丹麦普通人群参与艺术和文化活动:与新发或持续性抑郁症和心理健康的纵向关联

IF 7.9 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

British Journal of Health Psychology

Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12657

Ziggi Ivan Santini, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Steinar Krokstad, Lars Ole Bonde, Robert J. Donovan, Vibeke Koushede, Anita Jensen, Ai Koyanagi, Ola Ekholm

<div> <section> <h3> Objectives</h3> <p>International literature suggests that arts and culture activities may benefit mental health, however, such survey studies conducted in the Danish population are scarce. Further, studies have investigated the associated risk for incident depression, but not for persistent depression. The objective of the current prospective study was to assess associations of engagement in arts and culture activities with incident/persistent depression and also mental wellbeing among Danish adults in the general population.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Design</h3> <p>Observational prospective study.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>Data stem from a Danish nationally representative panel study of 5000 adults (aged 15+ years) conducted in 2019 and 2020, which was linked to Danish register data. An exposure variable was constructed for frequency of attending concerts, theatres, museums, and cinemas. Validated scales were used to assess the presence of depression (PHQ-8) and levels of mental wellbeing (SWEMWBS). Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the risk of incident depression (among participants free of depression at baseline), as well as the risk of persistent depression (among participants with depression at baseline), while multinomial logistic regression was used to assess odds for moderate and high mental wellbeing (low as base outcome) while adjusting for baseline values.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Result</h3> <p>In terms of incident depression, quarterly engagement in arts and culture activities (compared to never) was associated with an OR of .43 (95%CI .23–.80), while 8 times or more was associated with an OR of .53 (.29–.97). In terms of persistent depression, quarterly engagement was associated with an OR of .30 (.10–.90), while 8 times per year or more was associated with an OR of .26 (.07–.92). Similar to the patterns for incident/persistent depression, associations with moderate mental wellbeing showed higher odds for quarterly engagement and 8 times per year or more. Quarterly engagement was also associated with higher odds for high mental wellbeing but did not reach statistical significance.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>The results support the involvement of the cultural and creative sectors in health strategies. Mental health promotion initiatives as well as arts and culture sectors may encourage the general public to engage in arts and culture act

国际文献表明，艺术和文化活动可能有益于心理健康，然而，在丹麦人口中进行的此类调查研究很少。此外，研究还调查了偶发性抑郁症的相关风险，但没有调查持续性抑郁症的风险。当前前瞻性研究的目的是评估参与艺术和文化活动与丹麦普通人群中偶发性/持续性抑郁症和心理健康之间的关系。设计观察性前瞻性研究。数据来自2019年和2020年对5000名成年人(15岁以上)进行的丹麦全国代表性小组研究，该研究与丹麦登记数据相关。我们为参加音乐会、剧院、博物馆和电影院的频率构建了一个暴露变量。使用有效的量表来评估抑郁的存在(PHQ-8)和心理健康水平(SWEMWBS)。二元逻辑回归分析用于评估突发抑郁症的风险(基线时无抑郁症的参与者)，以及持续抑郁症的风险(基线时有抑郁症的参与者)，而多项逻辑回归用于评估中等和高度心理健康(低为基础结果)的几率，同时调整基线值。结果就偶发性抑郁而言，每季度参加一次艺术和文化活动(与从不参加相比)的OR为0.43 (95%CI为0.23 - 0.80)，而8次或更多的OR为0.53(0.29 - 0.97)。就持续抑郁而言，季度参与的OR值为0.30(0.10 - 0.90)，而每年8次或以上的OR值为0.26(0.07 - 0.92)。与偶发性/持续性抑郁症的模式类似，适度心理健康的人每季度参与的几率更高，每年参与8次或更多。季度参与也与较高的心理健康几率相关，但没有达到统计学意义。结论:研究结果支持文化和创意部门参与卫生战略。促进精神健康的举措以及艺术和文化部门可鼓励公众至少每季度参加一次艺术和文化活动。

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引用次数: 2