Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences最新文献

Background: The discharge of elderly patients with multi-morbidity can be complex. Clarifying their perspectives and experiences during discharge is important to support their needs. However, a unified and thorough understanding of patients' experiences and needs is lacking.

Objective: To identify and synthesise knowledge of the experiences and needs of elderly patients with multi-morbidity during discharge from hospital to home.

Method: A qualitative meta-synthesis was conducted using Sandelowski and Barroso's method. In December 2022, relevant studies applying appropriate criteria were searched in Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PROQUEST. A follow-up search was conducted in October 2024.

Results: Nine studies were included, and four analytical themes were identified: the feeling of getting life back, the importance of next of kin, relationships with healthcare professionals and preparation for homecoming.

Conclusion: Short-term relations with healthcare professionals during discharge planning posed challenges in meeting some patients' relational needs and thus affected their preparation for going home. To promote a better patient relationship during discharge planning, healthcare professionals should increase their focus on patients' preferences and needs when communicating with patients using a strategy appropriate for the healthcare context.

Background: Violence against children is a major public health concern, yet detecting it, particularly in young children, can be difficult due to subtle signs and limited communication. In Norway, child and family health clinics provide universal services for children aged 0-5, with public health nurses in a key position to identify concerns. Despite frequent contact and a legal duty to report, few cases of violence are detected. Research highlights barriers such as uncertainty, lack of training, time pressure and unclear procedures, but little is known about public health nurses' own experiences with these challenges and what they perceive as supportive in their work.

Objective: The purpose of the study is to explore what public health nurses experience as barriers and facilitators in their work to detect violence at child and family health clinics for children aged 0-5 years.

Method: Fourteen qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with public health nurses at eleven different child and family health clinics. We used qualitative content analysis with manifest and latent content to analyse the transcripts.

Results: An overarching theme identified in the data was 'Navigating the unspoken: Public Health nurses' conscious and subconscious effort to detect violence in everyday practice.' This theme was supported by five categories: (1) comprehensive assessment and observation, (2) flexibility as both opportunity and obstacle, (3) the value of experience and knowledge, (4) the need for procedures and tools and (5) the role of relationships in detection.

Conclusion: The study highlights the complexity of public health nurses' work in detecting violence, emphasising challenges such as limited time and flexibility, as well as the importance of building trust with families. The findings underscore the demand for practical tools and continuous training to support early identification of violence against children. The study contributes to knowledge on how public health nurses work with violence against children, providing a basis for future research, improved collaboration across services, and the development of policies and training to support prevention in primary care.

Introduction: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disease that often causes young-onset dementia and affects patients' behaviour and personality. Although FTD significantly burdens patients' family caregivers, their experiences with follow-up health care services remain poorly understood.

Aim: In our study, we explored how family caregivers of patients with FTD have experienced follow-up health care for FTD, particularly their involvement in, influence over and support received during the pre- and post-diagnostic stages.

Methods: We conducted a narrative inquiry to explore family caregivers' experiences with follow-up health care services from their own perspectives.

Results: Family caregivers reported that barriers to effective, individualised follow-up health care include patients' impaired insight due to FTD symptoms, inadequate competence and coordination between levels of care, and their own limited opportunities to participate and be recognised for their knowledge and familiarity with the patients.

Conclusion: Follow-up health care for FTD, beginning at diagnosis, should involve both health care professionals and family caregivers to ensure comprehensive support and address FTD's unique challenges. Our findings highlight the need for health care professionals to balance the patient's right to make decisions and the inclusion of family caregivers in the care process as crucial providers of person-centred care.

Background: Working as a personal care assistant (PCA) in the homes of mechanical ventilation users can be challenging due to the job's complexity. Research indicates that a poor work environment among PCAs could lead to risks of resignations and a high staff turnover, potentially affecting healthcare quality in home mechanical ventilation (HMV) setups.

Aim: To explore work-life perceptions of Danish PCAs working in HMV settings, with a specific focus on communication quality, physical and psychological work environment and the PCA training programme.

Methods: PCAs affiliated with a respiratory centre in Denmark were surveyed via an online questionnaire between June and September 2022. Quantitative data from 460 PCAs were analysed using descriptive statistics, whereas qualitative data from free-text responses was examined through content analysis. The Consensus-Based Checklist for Reporting of Survey Studies (CROSS) was used as a guideline.

Results: PCAs generally rated their work-life positively. Qualitative findings revealed challenges in communication and collaboration with the HMV users and their families and formal actors from whom PCAs sought support. Working alone, combined with a strong sense of responsibility for the needs of users and their families, imposed a significant mental burden on PCAs, further exacerbated by the fact that they felt left to themselves in challenging situations. Although PCAs expressed overall satisfaction with training in respiratory care and monitoring, they highlighted the need for a more comprehensive training programme to better equip them for their roles.

Conclusion: PCAs experienced a strong sense of responsibility for providing high-quality healthcare for HMV users and their families, which mentally burdened them. They emphasised the need for improved organisational support and training to effectively manage the diverse and complex situations they encountered in the home setting.

Background: The climacteric is the period in a woman's life that includes the transition from reproductive to non-reproductive. The woman's experience is individual, but common symptoms include irregular bleeding patterns, hot flashes, sweating, and sleep problems. Primary care should be the first instance for women seeking treatment for menopausal symptoms, and the district nurse thus plays a vital role for women in the climacteric.

Aim: The study aimed to describe district nurses' experiences working with climacteric symptoms among women in primary care.

Method: Qualitative inductive approach with semi-structured questions. Twelve district nurses were interviewed; data were analysed based on qualitative content analysis.

Results: District nurses felt they could not give women in the climacteric reasonable and adequate advice due to a lack of knowledge, time, and organisational obstacles. The district nurses experienced that women with menopausal symptoms often felt neglected by the health care system, receiving insufficient support to cope with the climacteric period.

Conclusion: The Swedish district nurses in primary care reported interest in managing women within the climacteric period of life. They emphasised the importance of preventive care and stressed that lack of time and resource prioritisation were the main barriers to offering better counselling and appropriate care. The findings in this study suggested that educational efforts by district nurses in primary care should prioritise climacteric management.

Background: The evaluation of nurses' quality of care ensures that care is structured in a qualified manner.

Aims: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between satisfaction with life in nurses and the quality of care provided by nurses.

Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study included 515 nurses working in state hospitals in two provincial centres in Eastern Turkey. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Caring Behaviours Inventory-24. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0, AMOS 24.0, and G*Power 3.1 programmes.

Results: Satisfaction with life was higher in females, married individuals, bachelor's degree graduates, and nurses who willingly chose the profession. Working time had a significant relationship with the quality of care. The relationships between the scales were tested using structural equation modelling. All path coefficients were statistically significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: The mean scores of nurses' satisfaction with life and quality of care were found to be at a moderate level. Furthermore, it was observed that as nurses' satisfaction with life increased, their quality of care also improved. Based on these findings, it is recommended that health policies aimed at enhancing nurses' life satisfaction be developed.

Background: The nurse-patient relationship is considered important in nursing theories and ethics. Yet, on general hospital wards, such relationships are often not achieved. Prior to addressing developing satisfactory nurse-patient relationships, it is essential to first understand the types of relationships that occur and the dynamics that shape them.

Aim: This systematic integrative review explores the expectations and experiences of patients and nurses regarding their relationship and which mechanisms influence its development.

Ethics statement: As this study did not involve human subjects, ethical approval was not required.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Medline, Embase, PsycInfo and CINAHL (February 2021; targeted update November 2023). Nineteen studies on the nurse-patient relationship in general wards in Western countries were included. Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review methodology guided the process. Data were analysed thematically using Braun and Clarke's approach, and PRISMA guidelines were followed for reporting.

Results: Four central themes were identified: relational needs, force fields, relational abilities and relationship patterns. Relational needs reflect expectations of both patients and nurses. Various force fields can hinder relationship building, while relational abilities influence nurses' interpersonal capacity. Three relationship patterns were found. Emotionally connected relationships, marked by mutual emotional involvement, are considered ideal-typical but difficult to sustain. Emotionally detached relationships lack meaningful human connection and often lead to negative experiences. Socially connected relationships, characterised by brief but genuine human contact without emotional overexposure, however, meet both nurses' and patients' relational needs.

Conclusion: While emotionally connected relationships are difficult to achieve and emotionally detached ones are undesirable, socially connected relationships offer a feasible and meaningful alternative on hospital wards. Strengthening relational skills, professional identity and valuing human connection within institutional constraints can enhance nursing practise, inform education, guide relational care policy and foster ward cultures that prioritise person-centred care.

Introduction: One of the adverse effects on nurses is compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue, which consists of job burnout and secondary traumatic stress, is known to be caused by physical and mental health problems. To improve the working conditions of nurses by nurse managers gained importance by recognising their compassion fatigue.

Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between compassion fatigue levels of staff nurses and their perceptions of nurse managers' caring behaviours and the nurse-friendly hospital criteria approaches.

Design: A descriptive study design was used following the STROBE checklist in this study.

Methods: This descriptive study was conducted using an online survey with 441 staff nurses between August 2021 and February 2022. Data were collected using a personal information form, Nurse-Friendly Hospital Criteria Evaluation Scale, the Caring Assessment Tool-Administration and the Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale.

Results: As nurses' perceptions of nurse-friendly hospital criteria increased, their compassion fatigue levels decreased (r = -0.282, p = 0.000) and their perceived nurse manager's caring behaviours became more positive (r = 0.446, p = 0.000).

Conclusion: The study found that nurses have positive nurse-friendly hospital criteria experience lower levels of compassion fatigue, as well as lower levels of job burnout and secondary traumatic stress scores in the sub-dimensions. It was also found that their perceptions of caring behaviours from nurse managers were more positive.

Background: Woman/person-centred care is a key policy objective for maternity services in many high-income countries, both strategically and in terms of service delivery. This approach to care prioritises the individual woman's needs and aspirations over those of professionals or institutions. However, the concept remains ambiguous and practical implementation guidelines are lacking, leading to concerns that it is being practised tokenistically.

Aim: To explore how woman-centred care in maternity services in high-income countries is experienced and understood by women and professionals.

Methods: A rapid review was conducted to synthesise evidence on woman-centred care from women's and clinicians' perspectives. Five bibliographic databases, CINAHL, Maternity and Infant Care, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Web of Science, were searched systematically in December 2023. Citations eligible for inclusion were peer-reviewed quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods empirical studies conducted in high-income countries and literature reviews reporting on studies conducted in high-income countries. Title and abstract screening, full-text screening, data extraction and quality appraisal were performed, with 10% of records double-screened to ensure consistency and minimise bias. Methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Extracted data were synthesised thematically.

Findings: In total, 5295 records were retrieved; after deduplication, 2707 records were screened, and 24 studies met the inclusion criteria. The review identified inconsistencies in how woman-centred care was experienced and understood at all levels of service provision, from policy directives to institutional practices. Diverse understandings of woman-centred care among stakeholders were found to influence interactions. Several studies revealed that professionals' varying interpretations affected their attitudes and approaches to care, while some women were found to hold differing expectations about woman-centred care provision.

Conclusion: To realise the policy intention of woman-centred care, further context-specific investigations are needed to provide evidence and evaluation to inform implementation strategies.