Pub Date : 2023-08-04DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2023.2240729
Robtel Neajai Pailey
{"title":"Stopping Firestone and starting a citizen ‘revolution from below’: reflections on the enduring exploitation of Liberian land and labour","authors":"Robtel Neajai Pailey","doi":"10.1080/01436597.2023.2240729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2240729","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48280,"journal":{"name":"Third World Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42936708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-03DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2023.2234835
Angela Pennisi di Floristella
Abstract Amid the escalation of the so-called Rohingya crisis and rising human rights concerns, EU institutions have repeatedly threatened a suspension of the Everything But Arms (EBA) trade arrangement with Myanmar, which is conditional on respect for fundamental human and labour rights. Despite Myanmar’s human rights situation having dramatically deteriorated, when in February 2021 the military seized power in a violent coup, the EU has failed to invoke a withdrawal of trade preferences. This article seeks to explore the rationale for the EU trade approach, which has so far received limited attention in the literature. By examining the case of Myanmar’s garment industry, which has been one of the most important sectors benefitting from EBA preferences, this article highlights the fact that, contrary to EU claims of a more assertive trade policy, EU trade decisions have been primarily influenced by normative dilemmas connected to the unwanted consequences of punishing trade instruments. In turn, the article shows that the EU’s normative dilemmas are paving the way for a targeted withdrawal of trade preferences.
{"title":"The Everything But Arms (EBA) scheme and the EU’s normative dilemma: the case of Myanmar’s garment sector","authors":"Angela Pennisi di Floristella","doi":"10.1080/01436597.2023.2234835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2234835","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Amid the escalation of the so-called Rohingya crisis and rising human rights concerns, EU institutions have repeatedly threatened a suspension of the Everything But Arms (EBA) trade arrangement with Myanmar, which is conditional on respect for fundamental human and labour rights. Despite Myanmar’s human rights situation having dramatically deteriorated, when in February 2021 the military seized power in a violent coup, the EU has failed to invoke a withdrawal of trade preferences. This article seeks to explore the rationale for the EU trade approach, which has so far received limited attention in the literature. By examining the case of Myanmar’s garment industry, which has been one of the most important sectors benefitting from EBA preferences, this article highlights the fact that, contrary to EU claims of a more assertive trade policy, EU trade decisions have been primarily influenced by normative dilemmas connected to the unwanted consequences of punishing trade instruments. In turn, the article shows that the EU’s normative dilemmas are paving the way for a targeted withdrawal of trade preferences.","PeriodicalId":48280,"journal":{"name":"Third World Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49616955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-28DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2023.2236954
Camilla Orjuela, Swati Parashar
{"title":"Memory and justice after famines: an introduction","authors":"Camilla Orjuela, Swati Parashar","doi":"10.1080/01436597.2023.2236954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2236954","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48280,"journal":{"name":"Third World Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42146520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2023.2237426
Meghna Jaglan, A. Shergill
Abstract Poverty is a product of various deprivations. Gender discrimination is linked with deprivation in terms of socio-economic and political opportunities. This study explores the link between female-headship of a household and its vulnerability towards urban poverty. Further, the most vulnerable sub-sections among the urban female-headed households are identified. The study is based on the 68th round of Household Consumer Expenditure, and Employment and Unemployment Survey, India. Female-headed households were found to have higher odds to be urban poor as compared to their male counterparts. However, this gender-based difference in odds to be urban poor disappears once educational attainment of household-head is controlled for. This highlights that the discrimination in terms of educational attainment is major cause and solution to urban poverty among female-headed households. Further, female-headed households are not a homogeneous group and exhibit significant differences in their vulnerability to urban poverty across different socio-economic and demographic sub-groups. The negative impact of COVID-19 pandemic on female education in India is expected to create a long-term gender gap in terms of poverty. Thus, the public policy should stress on skill and educational attainment of females and target the poverty alleviation programmes on vulnerable sub-section of the female-headed households.
{"title":"Gender and urban poverty in India","authors":"Meghna Jaglan, A. Shergill","doi":"10.1080/01436597.2023.2237426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2237426","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Poverty is a product of various deprivations. Gender discrimination is linked with deprivation in terms of socio-economic and political opportunities. This study explores the link between female-headship of a household and its vulnerability towards urban poverty. Further, the most vulnerable sub-sections among the urban female-headed households are identified. The study is based on the 68th round of Household Consumer Expenditure, and Employment and Unemployment Survey, India. Female-headed households were found to have higher odds to be urban poor as compared to their male counterparts. However, this gender-based difference in odds to be urban poor disappears once educational attainment of household-head is controlled for. This highlights that the discrimination in terms of educational attainment is major cause and solution to urban poverty among female-headed households. Further, female-headed households are not a homogeneous group and exhibit significant differences in their vulnerability to urban poverty across different socio-economic and demographic sub-groups. The negative impact of COVID-19 pandemic on female education in India is expected to create a long-term gender gap in terms of poverty. Thus, the public policy should stress on skill and educational attainment of females and target the poverty alleviation programmes on vulnerable sub-section of the female-headed households.","PeriodicalId":48280,"journal":{"name":"Third World Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46983379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2023.2228722
Lina Grip, Jenniina Kotajoki
{"title":"Prison reform in conflict-affected contexts: evidence from Somaliland and Puntland","authors":"Lina Grip, Jenniina Kotajoki","doi":"10.1080/01436597.2023.2228722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2228722","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48280,"journal":{"name":"Third World Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49632515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2023.2236027
Mónika Szente-Varga
Abstract Hungarian solidarity action was organised in the second half of the 1980s to build an agricultural vocational school in Nicaragua. Even though Hungary and Nicaragua had special relations after the 1979 Sandinista revolution, the time of the construction calls the attention because it formed part of a period characterised by general disenchantment in solidarity actions towards the Third World as well as economic problems and the final years of socialism in Hungary. The motives and the evolution of the construction will be analysed providing an in-depth picture, with the aim of contributing to Cold War studies and investigations on knowledge exchange. The article principally relies on archival and press sources.
{"title":"Constructing the future: solidarity action in Nicaragua","authors":"Mónika Szente-Varga","doi":"10.1080/01436597.2023.2236027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2236027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hungarian solidarity action was organised in the second half of the 1980s to build an agricultural vocational school in Nicaragua. Even though Hungary and Nicaragua had special relations after the 1979 Sandinista revolution, the time of the construction calls the attention because it formed part of a period characterised by general disenchantment in solidarity actions towards the Third World as well as economic problems and the final years of socialism in Hungary. The motives and the evolution of the construction will be analysed providing an in-depth picture, with the aim of contributing to Cold War studies and investigations on knowledge exchange. The article principally relies on archival and press sources.","PeriodicalId":48280,"journal":{"name":"Third World Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43706244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2023.2236564
Joshua Eisenman
Abstract Using a Chinese conceptualisation of social capital—Qin Yaqing’s ‘relational theory of world politics’ (i.e. ‘relationality’)—along with informal interviews and two decades of official data this study explains how and why the International Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (ID-CPC) is building relationships with African political elites. It shows how the department has become the institutional embodiment of relationality—the primary party organ tasked with enhancing what Qin calls China’s ‘relational power’ with like-minded political partners regardless of their ideology. The ID-CPC offers its African counterparts bilateral and multilateral ‘host diplomacy’ and ‘cadre training’ programs that share Chinese governance methods and rewards them for their praise and political support. Relationality helps explain why the ID-CPC continues to expand and deepen its relationships with African political elites, maintained them virtually during COVID-19, and quickly restarted in-person exchanges as soon as China’s pandemic travel restrictions were loosened in early 2023. The literature on social capital theory has long been based on Western experiences and notions of relationship building. Applying Qin’s distinctly Chinese conception of social capital to systematic empirical data reveal how traditional Confucian sociocultural practices continue to shape China’s contemporary international relations.
{"title":"China’s relational power in Africa: Beijing’s ‘new type of party-to-party relations’","authors":"Joshua Eisenman","doi":"10.1080/01436597.2023.2236564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2236564","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Using a Chinese conceptualisation of social capital—Qin Yaqing’s ‘relational theory of world politics’ (i.e. ‘relationality’)—along with informal interviews and two decades of official data this study explains how and why the International Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (ID-CPC) is building relationships with African political elites. It shows how the department has become the institutional embodiment of relationality—the primary party organ tasked with enhancing what Qin calls China’s ‘relational power’ with like-minded political partners regardless of their ideology. The ID-CPC offers its African counterparts bilateral and multilateral ‘host diplomacy’ and ‘cadre training’ programs that share Chinese governance methods and rewards them for their praise and political support. Relationality helps explain why the ID-CPC continues to expand and deepen its relationships with African political elites, maintained them virtually during COVID-19, and quickly restarted in-person exchanges as soon as China’s pandemic travel restrictions were loosened in early 2023. The literature on social capital theory has long been based on Western experiences and notions of relationship building. Applying Qin’s distinctly Chinese conception of social capital to systematic empirical data reveal how traditional Confucian sociocultural practices continue to shape China’s contemporary international relations.","PeriodicalId":48280,"journal":{"name":"Third World Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45802226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-19DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2023.2231890
Nissim Mannathukkaren, Drew MacEachern
Abstract Narendra Modi is a prime example of a right-wing nationalist populist, in his case, trying to create a new India that rejects India’s traditional secular liberalism in favour of a Hindu state. Modi has gained a reputation amongst his supporters as a visionary who is improving India’s standing on the world stage as a great power and making a revolutionary change in India. But Modi has come under increasing international concern and condemnation for his majoritarian nationalist authoritarianism, which has seen India slide on many democracy indicators, a reality which his supporters reject. We argue, thus, that there is a fundamental discrepancy between the image of the Modi regime abroad and at home, that has gone unexplored in scholarship. We also contend that this discrepancy is implicated in post-truth politics. Modi’s populist project is one of asserting a true Hindu Indian identity, the global criticisms of which, under conditions of post-truth, are either irrelevant or, ironically, contribute to its strength.
{"title":"Constructing a Vishwaguru (world teacher): Hindu nationalism, populism and the domestic consumption of Narendra Modi’s global image","authors":"Nissim Mannathukkaren, Drew MacEachern","doi":"10.1080/01436597.2023.2231890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2231890","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Narendra Modi is a prime example of a right-wing nationalist populist, in his case, trying to create a new India that rejects India’s traditional secular liberalism in favour of a Hindu state. Modi has gained a reputation amongst his supporters as a visionary who is improving India’s standing on the world stage as a great power and making a revolutionary change in India. But Modi has come under increasing international concern and condemnation for his majoritarian nationalist authoritarianism, which has seen India slide on many democracy indicators, a reality which his supporters reject. We argue, thus, that there is a fundamental discrepancy between the image of the Modi regime abroad and at home, that has gone unexplored in scholarship. We also contend that this discrepancy is implicated in post-truth politics. Modi’s populist project is one of asserting a true Hindu Indian identity, the global criticisms of which, under conditions of post-truth, are either irrelevant or, ironically, contribute to its strength.","PeriodicalId":48280,"journal":{"name":"Third World Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42422601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2023.2236873
{"title":"Correction","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/01436597.2023.2236873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2236873","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48280,"journal":{"name":"Third World Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41506764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-14DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2023.2231899
Javier Bordón, Eyad Alrefai
{"title":"Saudi Arabia’s foreign aid: the singularity of Yemen as a case study","authors":"Javier Bordón, Eyad Alrefai","doi":"10.1080/01436597.2023.2231899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2023.2231899","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48280,"journal":{"name":"Third World Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47949635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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