Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1257/jel.61.4.1579.r2
Amitabh Chandra
Amitabh Chandra of Harvard University reviews “We’ve Got You Covered: Rebooting American Health Care” by Liran Einav and Amy Finkelstein. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Considers the objective and key elements of universal health insurance, presenting a blueprint for overhauling the US health-care system to guarantee essential medical coverage for everyone.”
{"title":"We've Got You Covered: Rebooting American Health Care","authors":"Amitabh Chandra","doi":"10.1257/jel.61.4.1579.r2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.61.4.1579.r2","url":null,"abstract":"Amitabh Chandra of Harvard University reviews “We’ve Got You Covered: Rebooting American Health Care” by Liran Einav and Amy Finkelstein. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Considers the objective and key elements of universal health insurance, presenting a blueprint for overhauling the US health-care system to guarantee essential medical coverage for everyone.”","PeriodicalId":48416,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Literature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139016894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1257/jel.61.4.1579.r1
Eric Chaney
Eric Chaney of University of Oxford reviews “Conquests and Rents: A Political Economy of Dictatorship and Violence in Muslim Societies” by Faisal Z. Ahmed. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Examines how the institutional legacy of Muslim conquest is a robust determinant of less cohesive institutions in contemporary Muslim societies, detailing how variation in economic rents explain ebbs and flows of dictatorship and propensity for civil wars in these societies.”
牛津大学的 Eric Chaney 评论 "征服与租借：A Political Economy of Dictatorship and Violence in Muslim Societies" by Faisal Z.艾哈迈德著。该书的 Econlit 摘要开头写道"探讨了穆斯林征服的制度遗产如何成为当代穆斯林社会中凝聚力较弱的制度的有力决定因素，详细说明了经济租金的变化如何解释这些社会中独裁统治的起伏和内战的倾向"。
{"title":"Conquests and Rents: A Political Economy of Dictatorship and Violence in Muslim Societies","authors":"Eric Chaney","doi":"10.1257/jel.61.4.1579.r1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.61.4.1579.r1","url":null,"abstract":"Eric Chaney of University of Oxford reviews “Conquests and Rents: A Political Economy of Dictatorship and Violence in Muslim Societies” by Faisal Z. Ahmed. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Examines how the institutional legacy of Muslim conquest is a robust determinant of less cohesive institutions in contemporary Muslim societies, detailing how variation in economic rents explain ebbs and flows of dictatorship and propensity for civil wars in these societies.”","PeriodicalId":48416,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Literature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139018155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1257/jel.61.4.1579.r4
Anand V. Swamy
Anand V. Swamy of Williams College reviews “India Is Broken: A People Betrayed, Independence to Today” by Ashoka Mody. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Presents a narrative of the modern history of India from the perspectives of successive Indian leaders, chronicling the erosion of social norms and decay of political accountability from 1947 to 2021 that have detrimentally affected the country's economy and political system.”
{"title":"India Is Broken: A People Betrayed, Independence to Today","authors":"Anand V. Swamy","doi":"10.1257/jel.61.4.1579.r4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.61.4.1579.r4","url":null,"abstract":"Anand V. Swamy of Williams College reviews “India Is Broken: A People Betrayed, Independence to Today” by Ashoka Mody. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Presents a narrative of the modern history of India from the perspectives of successive Indian leaders, chronicling the erosion of social norms and decay of political accountability from 1947 to 2021 that have detrimentally affected the country's economy and political system.”","PeriodicalId":48416,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Literature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139019922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research shows that opposition to policies that redistribute across racial divides has affected the development of the American welfare state. Are similar dynamics at play in Western Europe? For many scholars, the answer is yes. In contrast, we argue that researchers’ understanding of the political economy of redistribution in diversifying European countries is too incomplete to reach a conclusion on this issue. First, existing evidence is inconsistent with the assumption—ubiquitous in this line of research—of a universal distaste for sharing resources with people who are culturally, ethnically, and racially different. Second, important historical and institutional differences between the United States and Europe preclude any straightforward transposition of the American experience to the European case. We discuss what we see as the most promising lines of inquiry going forward. (JEL D64, H23, J15, J68, K37, Z13)
{"title":"Immigration and Support for Redistribution: Lessons from Europe","authors":"Charlotte Cavaille, Karine Van der Straeten","doi":"10.1257/jel.20221708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.20221708","url":null,"abstract":"Research shows that opposition to policies that redistribute across racial divides has affected the development of the American welfare state. Are similar dynamics at play in Western Europe? For many scholars, the answer is yes. In contrast, we argue that researchers’ understanding of the political economy of redistribution in diversifying European countries is too incomplete to reach a conclusion on this issue. First, existing evidence is inconsistent with the assumption—ubiquitous in this line of research—of a universal distaste for sharing resources with people who are culturally, ethnically, and racially different. Second, important historical and institutional differences between the United States and Europe preclude any straightforward transposition of the American experience to the European case. We discuss what we see as the most promising lines of inquiry going forward. (JEL D64, H23, J15, J68, K37, Z13)","PeriodicalId":48416,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Literature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45526880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The categories listed below are used to classify books, book reviews, journal articles, and dissertations indexed in JEL and EconLit. New changes to the classification system appear as soon as possible on www.econlit.org . The JEL classification system may be used freely for scholarly purposes. We suggest the following format: “JEL: A10, B10, etc.”
{"title":"JEL Classification System","authors":"","doi":"10.1257/jel.61.3.1261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.61.3.1261","url":null,"abstract":"The categories listed below are used to classify books, book reviews, journal articles, and dissertations indexed in JEL and EconLit. New changes to the classification system appear as soon as possible on www.econlit.org . The JEL classification system may be used freely for scholarly purposes. We suggest the following format: “JEL: A10, B10, etc.”","PeriodicalId":48416,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Literature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Participants at the 1963 civil rights march on Washington supported minimum wage laws using arguments of economic justice. Many economists at the time argued against the minimum wage based on efficiency concerns rooted in neoclassical theory. After decades of debate, where does the economics profession stand on the justice and efficiency claims of the minimum wage? We discuss the evolution of the minimum wage literature in economics, focusing on racial justice. We highlight recent empirical papers that overwhelmingly support the position of the marchers on Washington while at the same time showing little to no loss of economic efficiency. (JEL D63, J15, J22, J31, J38, K31)
{"title":"The Minimum Wage as a Tool for Racial Economic Justice","authors":"Andria Smythe, Linchi Hsu","doi":"10.1257/jel.20221709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.20221709","url":null,"abstract":"Participants at the 1963 civil rights march on Washington supported minimum wage laws using arguments of economic justice. Many economists at the time argued against the minimum wage based on efficiency concerns rooted in neoclassical theory. After decades of debate, where does the economics profession stand on the justice and efficiency claims of the minimum wage? We discuss the evolution of the minimum wage literature in economics, focusing on racial justice. We highlight recent empirical papers that overwhelmingly support the position of the marchers on Washington while at the same time showing little to no loss of economic efficiency. (JEL D63, J15, J22, J31, J38, K31)","PeriodicalId":48416,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Literature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43022158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We describe the empirical relationship between local government boundaries and residential segregation in the United States. First, we study recent changes in the distribution of segregation within and between local governments in all metropolitan areas, using census block data on residential demographics over the period 1990–2020. We find that segregation across local government boundaries explains a substantial share of racial stratification, which has changed only little over the last thirty years. Next, we use spatial regression discontinuity methods to distinguish between household sorting due to neighborhood amenities and public goods provided by local governments. The prevalence of demographic discontinuities at local government boundaries suggest that between-jurisdiction segregation patterns cannot be explained solely by proximity to neighborhood amenities. We discuss implications for policy, showing that both between-jurisdiction segregation and jurisdictional discontinuities can partly explain the correlation between total segregation and racial gaps in educational outcomes. (JEL H41, H75, I24, I26, J15, R23)
{"title":"Dividing Lines: Racial Segregation across Local Government Boundaries","authors":"Tomás Monarrez, David Schönholzer","doi":"10.1257/jel.20221703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.20221703","url":null,"abstract":"We describe the empirical relationship between local government boundaries and residential segregation in the United States. First, we study recent changes in the distribution of segregation within and between local governments in all metropolitan areas, using census block data on residential demographics over the period 1990–2020. We find that segregation across local government boundaries explains a substantial share of racial stratification, which has changed only little over the last thirty years. Next, we use spatial regression discontinuity methods to distinguish between household sorting due to neighborhood amenities and public goods provided by local governments. The prevalence of demographic discontinuities at local government boundaries suggest that between-jurisdiction segregation patterns cannot be explained solely by proximity to neighborhood amenities. We discuss implications for policy, showing that both between-jurisdiction segregation and jurisdictional discontinuities can partly explain the correlation between total segregation and racial gaps in educational outcomes. (JEL H41, H75, I24, I26, J15, R23)","PeriodicalId":48416,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Literature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43696580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The leadership structure of the American Economic Association is documented using a biographical database covering every officer and losing candidate for AEA offices from 1950 to 2019. The analysis focuses on institutional affiliations by education and employment. The structure is strongly hierarchical. A few institutions dominate the leadership, and their dominance has become markedly stronger over time. Broadly two types of explanations are explored: that institutional dominance is based on academic merit or that it is based on self-perpetuating privilege. Network effects that might explain the dynamic of increasing concentration are also investigated. (JEL A11, B29, B30, Z13)
{"title":"Who Runs the AEA?","authors":"Kevin D. Hoover, Andrej Svorenčík","doi":"10.1257/jel.20221667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.20221667","url":null,"abstract":"The leadership structure of the American Economic Association is documented using a biographical database covering every officer and losing candidate for AEA offices from 1950 to 2019. The analysis focuses on institutional affiliations by education and employment. The structure is strongly hierarchical. A few institutions dominate the leadership, and their dominance has become markedly stronger over time. Broadly two types of explanations are explored: that institutional dominance is based on academic merit or that it is based on self-perpetuating privilege. Network effects that might explain the dynamic of increasing concentration are also investigated. (JEL A11, B29, B30, Z13)","PeriodicalId":48416,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Literature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1257/jel.61.3.1188.r3
Abhinav Gupta
Abhinav Gupta of Kenan-Flagler Business School, UNC Chapel Hill reviews “The Market Power of Technology: Understanding the Second Gilded Age” by Mordecai Kurz. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Examines the relationship between economic inequality and the technological market power of firms, considering its policy implications in light of the history of income and wealth inequality since 1889.”
{"title":"The Market Power of Technology: Understanding the Second Gilded Age","authors":"Abhinav Gupta","doi":"10.1257/jel.61.3.1188.r3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.61.3.1188.r3","url":null,"abstract":"Abhinav Gupta of Kenan-Flagler Business School, UNC Chapel Hill reviews “The Market Power of Technology: Understanding the Second Gilded Age” by Mordecai Kurz. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Examines the relationship between economic inequality and the technological market power of firms, considering its policy implications in light of the history of income and wealth inequality since 1889.”","PeriodicalId":48416,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Literature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44796347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present the first quantitative analysis of the impact of ending de jure segregation of Mexican American schoolchildren in the United States by examining the effects of the 1947 Mendez v. Westminster court decision on long-run educational attainment for Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites in California. Our identification strategy relies on comparing individuals across California counties that vary in their likelihood of segregating and across birth cohorts that vary in their exposure to the Mendez court ruling based on school start age. Results point to a significant increase in educational attainment for Hispanics who were fully exposed to school desegregation. (JEL H75, I24, J13, J15, K10, N32, R23)
{"title":"The Long-Run Impacts of Mexican American School Desegregation","authors":"Francisca M. Antman, Kalena E. Cortes","doi":"10.1257/jel.20221704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.20221704","url":null,"abstract":"We present the first quantitative analysis of the impact of ending de jure segregation of Mexican American schoolchildren in the United States by examining the effects of the 1947 Mendez v. Westminster court decision on long-run educational attainment for Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites in California. Our identification strategy relies on comparing individuals across California counties that vary in their likelihood of segregating and across birth cohorts that vary in their exposure to the Mendez court ruling based on school start age. Results point to a significant increase in educational attainment for Hispanics who were fully exposed to school desegregation. (JEL H75, I24, J13, J15, K10, N32, R23)","PeriodicalId":48416,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Literature","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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