Marine Policy最新文献_第4页

Challenges and opportunities for integrating aquaculture with commercial fishing in Maine 缅因州水产养殖与商业捕鱼相结合的挑战和机遇

IF 3.5 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Marine Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106407

Aquaculture or the farming of aquatic species is often viewed as a diversification opportunity for commercial fishers dependent on variable wild stocks; however, the path to successful adoption is complex. The state of Maine (USA) offers a unique opportunity to study the adoption of aquaculture by commercial fishers due to the growth of the aquaculture industry and training programs in place to educate fishers about farming techniques and support business development. We aimed to better understand commercial fisher adoption of aquaculture through 42 semi-structured interviews with individuals who work in commercial fisheries and had considered or were implementing aquaculture. We identified the main motivations for considering aquaculture to include an interest in diversifying their fishing-dependent livelihoods as well as having personal or professional connections who encouraged individuals to consider starting aquaculture operations. Those who were implementing aquaculture had often chosen to farm species that had established husbandry techniques and markets which likely reduced the uncertainty in starting a new venture. Many commercial fishers who were participating in aquaculture hoped to be able to continue balancing commercial fishing and farming which has implications for the scale at which they can operate an aquaculture farm. Ultimately, aquaculture can be a diversification opportunity for commercial fishers; however, it is necessary to consider avenues for overcoming barriers to entry such as high costs associated with the implementation of aquaculture.

水产养殖或水生物种养殖通常被视为依赖可变野生种群的商业渔民的多样化机会；然而，成功采用的途径是复杂的。缅因州（美国）为研究商业渔民采用水产养殖提供了一个独特的机会，因为水产养殖业的发展和培训计划的实施为渔民提供了有关养殖技术和支持业务发展的教育。我们的目的是通过42个半结构式访谈，更好地了解商业渔民采用水产养殖的情况，访谈对象是在商业渔业中工作、已经考虑或正在实施水产养殖的个人。我们确定了考虑水产养殖的主要动机，包括使依赖渔业的生计多样化的兴趣，以及鼓励个人考虑开始水产养殖业务的个人或专业关系。正在实施水产养殖的人通常选择养殖已经有成熟饲养技术和市场的物种，这可能减少开始新事业的不确定性。许多参与水产养殖的商业渔民希望能够继续兼顾商业捕鱼和养殖，这对他们经营水产养殖场的规模有影响。最终，水产养殖可以成为商业渔民的一个多样化机会；然而，有必要考虑克服进入壁垒的途径，如与实施水产养殖相关的高成本。

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引用次数: 0

Aligning fisheries terminology with diverse social benefits 使渔业术语与不同的社会效益相一致

IF 3.5 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Marine Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106377

Globally, marine fisheries provide many societal benefits that are not reflected in the way that fisheries are categorized for management and reporting. This paper provides a systematic review of U.S. policy documents and peer-reviewed literature to identify potentially underrepresented fishing practices and communities associated with non-commercial fishing, i.e., fishing that is not clearly commercial or recreational. A wide range of terms were used for types of non-commercial fishing, and five underlying dimensions emerged: (1) fisher demographics; (2) fishery characteristics; (3) disposition of fish; (4) beneficiaries of fishing; and (5) reasons for fishing. Further examining fishing terms against disposition of fish revealed three classes of uncounted benefits: food systems, culture and heritage, and non-market economies. Subsistence fishing was one of the most prevalent terms and is broad enough to cover all three classes of uncounted benefits; but the strong association of the term with food and Indigenous cultures may mask other important social, cultural, and non-market economy contributions. Additional data are needed to evaluate the degree to which broader social outcomes are achieved equitably, especially as fishing communities experience more frequent disruptions to traditional markets and supply chains due to increased storms, wildfires, pandemics, and other disasters. More careful accounting of food systems, culture and heritage, and non-market economies is crucial to ensure fisheries provide the greatest benefits to the nation, evaluate the degree to which management goals and distribution of benefits are achieved equitably, and support resilience of fisheries and fishing communities in the face of climate change.

在全球范围内，海洋渔业提供了许多社会效益，但这些效益并未反映在渔业分类管理和报告方式中。本文对美国政策文件和同行评议文献进行了系统回顾，以确定与非商业性捕捞（即不具有明显商业或休闲性质的捕捞）相关的潜在代表性不足的捕捞活动和社区。非商业性捕鱼类型使用了多种术语，并出现了五个基本维度：(1) 渔民人口统计；(2) 渔业特征；(3) 鱼类处置；(4) 捕鱼受益人；(5) 捕鱼原因。根据鱼类的处置进一步研究捕捞条件，发现了三类未计算的利益：食物系统、文化和遗产以及非市场经济。自给性捕鱼是最常见的术语之一，其范围足以涵盖所有三类未计算的利益；但该术语与食物和土著文化的紧密联系可能会掩盖其他重要的社会、文化和非市场经济贡献。需要更多数据来评估在多大程度上实现了更广泛的社会成果的公平性，尤其是在渔业社区由于风暴、野火、大流行病和其他灾害的增加而经历更频繁的传统市场和供应链中断的情况下。对食物系统、文化和遗产以及非市场经济进行更仔细的核算，对于确保渔业为国家提供最大利益、评估管理目标和利益分配的公平实现程度以及支持渔业和渔业社区在面对气候变化时的恢复力至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Veiled costs, concealed incentives: Rethinking market approaches to address institutional marginalization and reduce vulnerability of artisanal fishers to power abuses in the Peruvian dolphinfish fishery 隐性成本，隐性激励：重新思考市场方法，解决体制边缘化问题，减少秘鲁鲯鳅渔业中个体渔民对权力滥用的脆弱性

IF 3.5 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Marine Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106412

Market-based approaches play a crucial role in promoting seafood sustainability by leveraging market incentives. Typically, these incentives are commonly perceived as closely associated with premium prices or improved market access. As such, arguments around product competitiveness are used by various stakeholders to engage the lower levels of the seafood supply chain in sustainability initiatives. This study presents findings from an analysis of secondary and primary data obtained through a two-tier survey, focusing on the operational costs of Peruvian artisanal dolphinfish fleets and estimating the concealed costs that result from institutional malpractice and coercive transactions from criminal groups. Our analysis reveals that the artisanal fishing sector, due to institutional marginalization facilitated by bureaucratic overburdening, experiences various forms of power abuse. Specifically, we show how the higher the levels of informality of the fleet’s operation, the higher the probability of being subject to unethical behavior. This results in heightened hidden operational costs, which in turn affect the income of vessel owners and fishers. To address these issues, we argue that market-based approaches should build upon the new incentives offered by import-control schemes and anti-Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated regulations, prioritizing actions to alleviate institutional marginalization of fishers. By doing so, responsible companies in the supply chain can effectively reduce legal, economic, and reputational risks while actively tackling the critical factors contributing to power imbalances and the resulting unequal distribution of benefits.

基于市场的方法通过利用市场激励机制，在促进海产品可持续性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。通常，这些激励措施被认为与溢价或改善市场准入密切相关。因此，围绕产品竞争力的论点被各利益相关方用来吸引海产品供应链的低层参与可持续发展行动。本研究介绍了通过两级调查获得的二级和一级数据的分析结果，重点关注秘鲁手工捕捞鲯鳅船队的运营成本，并估算了因机构失职和犯罪团伙胁迫交易而产生的隐性成本。我们的分析表明，由于官僚机构负担过重导致的机构边缘化，手工捕鱼业经历了各种形式的权力滥用。具体而言，我们展示了船队运营的非正式程度越高，遭受不道德行为的可能性就越大。这导致了隐性运营成本的增加，进而影响到船主和渔民的收入。为了解决这些问题，我们认为市场化的方法应该建立在进口控制计划和反非法、未报告和无管制法规所提供的新激励措施的基础上，优先考虑减轻渔民制度边缘化的行动。通过这样做，供应链中负责任的公司可以有效降低法律、经济和声誉风险，同时积极解决导致权力不平衡和由此产生的利益分配不均的关键因素。

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引用次数: 0

Food security policy and coastal climate adaptation among Indigenous and Local Communities 土著和地方社区的粮食安全政策和沿海气候适应性

IF 3.5 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Marine Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106408

Climate change has impacted the food security of coastal Indigenous and Local Communities (ILCs). The absence of a global-level assessment of ILCs' food security policies limits the ability to make impactful policy decisions. We conducted a systematic literature review to answer three research questions: i) How are food security policies documented regionally and are ILCs incorporated in policy design? ii) What food security-related policy tools are documented and what are their applications? iii) How successful are policy applications and what possible indicators can be recommended to improve policy monitoring? We reviewed 71 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 1990 and 2023. First, we found that while ILCs were mentioned in food security policies, there were no records of ILCs’ direct inclusion in policy design. Second, we synthesized documented food security policies under six policy tools and identified 20 policy applications. Third, we identified social networks and household diversification programs as successful policy applications, with national-level plans and community-based observation networks as policy applications that need improvements. Encouraging policy monitoring, we developed five indicators: i) Annual ILC participation in national-level policy design and policy amendments, ii) ILCs’ access to digital devices and the internet, iii) ILCs’ annual net income, iv) New business opportunities created for ILCs annually, and v) Annual national budgetary allocations to strengthen ILCs' food security. By highlighting the limited attention given to ILCs in food security policy design, identifying weaknesses in policy applications, and recommending indicators, our study provides policymakers with insights into necessary improvements to global-level policy decisions.

气候变化影响了沿海土著和地方社区（ILCs）的粮食安全。由于缺乏对土著和地方社区粮食安全政策的全球层面评估，限制了做出有影响力决策的能力。我们进行了系统的文献综述，以回答三个研究问题：i) 如何记录各地区的粮食安全政策，是否将 ILCs 纳入了政策设计？我们审查了 1990 年至 2023 年间发表的 71 篇同行评审期刊文章。首先，我们发现，虽然粮食安全政策中提到了 ILCs，但没有 ILCs 直接纳入政策设计的记录。其次，我们在六种政策工具下综合了记录在案的粮食安全政策，并确定了 20 项政策应用。第三，我们发现社会网络和家庭多样化计划是成功的政策应用，而国家级计划和基于社区的观察网络则是需要改进的政策应用。为了鼓励对政策进行监督，我们制定了五项指标：i) 国际土地中心每年参与国家层面的政策设计和政策修订；ii) 国际土地中心使用数字设备和互联网的情况；iii) 国际土地中心的年净收入；iv) 每年为国际土地中心创造的新商机；v) 每年用于加强国际土地中心粮食安全的国家预算拨款。我们的研究强调了粮食安全政策设计对内陆发展中国家的关注有限，指出了政策应用中的薄弱环节，并推荐了相关指标，从而为政策制定者提供了对全球层面的政策决策进行必要改进的真知灼见。

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引用次数: 0

Gender equity analysis in the maritime and port industry in Chile 智利海运和港口业的性别平等分析

IF 3.5 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Marine Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106411

The underrepresentation of women in the maritime and port industry is a critical concern. Despite efforts to recognize the relevance of gender equity and increase awareness of its importance, comprehensive studies on gender disparities within the industry are lacking. This article addresses this issue by conducting an exploratory study to assess gender gaps in the maritime and port industry. We employ a methodological framework involving an online survey targeted at several port stakeholders in Chile and statistical and econometric methods for the analysis. We identify and quantify gender gaps in three dimensions: wages, working conditions, and perceptions of gender initiatives in the workplace. The results indicate that women earn, on average, approximately 7 % less than men do, even after controlling for socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Moreover, we find that women, compared with men, are at a disadvantage in terms of working conditions, and they perceive a lower degree of implementation of gender initiatives. Consequently, gender gaps are prevalent within the maritime and port industry. Closing these gaps requires the implementation of practices and policies in both private organizations and public agencies to ensure equitable opportunities for all genders.

妇女在海运和港口业的代表性不足是一个令人严重关切的问题。尽管人们努力承认性别平等的相关性并提高对其重要性的认识，但仍缺乏对该行业内性别差异的全面研究。本文针对这一问题开展了一项探索性研究，以评估海运和港口业的性别差距。我们采用的方法框架包括针对智利多个港口利益相关者的在线调查，以及统计和计量经济学分析方法。我们从三个方面确定并量化了性别差距：工资、工作条件和对工作场所性别倡议的看法。结果表明，即使在控制了社会经济和人口特征之后，女性的平均收入仍比男性低约 7%。此外，我们还发现，与男性相比，女性在工作条件方面处于劣势，而且她们认为性别倡议的实施程度较低。因此，海运和港口业普遍存在性别差距。要缩小这些差距，就需要在私营组织和公共机构中实施各种做法和政策，以确保所有性别享有公平的机会。

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引用次数: 0

Aquaculture as a dysfunctional system of action; Why does fish farming stagnate in Germany? 水产养殖是一个功能失调的行动系统；为什么德国的养鱼业停滞不前？

IF 3.5 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Marine Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106405

The development of aquaculture is a story of international success, but not in the EU. The present study investigates why the development of aquaculture is stalling or sometimes even follows a downward trend in some countries, using Germany as a case study. The EU framework for aquaculture policies has established a “twin logic” as a long-term strategy: Protection of the environment and economic growth. The present sociological approach uses qualitative data from group discussions with aquaculture stakeholders from industries, politics, regulation, environmental protection agencies, and NGOs. The stakeholders indicated that a small, fragmented sector without economic and political power on the one hand, and an overregulated, complex governance on the other hand are the main barriers to economic growth. Applying Parsons’ Action Frame of Reference, the article argues that the German stakeholders are not able to adopt the EU twin logic as a clear solution for overcoming the stagnation of aquaculture in Germany in practice. For the stakeholders, the twin logic results in confusing framework conditions in terms of societal expectations, values, norms, regulations, and their national implementation. The uncertainty is rooted in diametrically societal values and leads to conflicts at the individual level of stakeholders’ decision-making for investments. In consequence, the societal environment for aquaculture investment measures is uncertain. This exploration results in an empirical-grounded hypothesis, that aquaculture is a dysfunctional system of action.

水产养殖业的发展在国际上取得了成功，但在欧盟却并非如此。本研究以德国为例，探讨了为什么一些国家的水产养殖业发展停滞不前，有时甚至呈下降趋势。欧盟水产养殖政策框架确立了 "双重逻辑 "作为长期战略：保护环境和经济增长。本社会学方法使用了与来自工业、政治、监管、环境保护机构和非政府组织的水产养殖利益相关者进行小组讨论所获得的定性数据。利益相关者指出，一方面是规模小、分散的行业没有经济和政治权力，另一方面是监管过度、治理复杂，这两者是经济增长的主要障碍。文章运用帕森斯的 "行动参照系"（Action Frame of Reference），认为德国的利益相关者无法将欧盟的孪生逻辑作为克服德国水产养殖业停滞不前的明确解决方案。对利益相关者而言，双重逻辑导致社会期望、价值观、规范、法规及其国家实施方面的框架条件混乱。这种不确定性源于截然相反的社会价值观，并导致利益相关者在投资决策中的个体冲突。因此，水产养殖投资措施的社会环境是不确定的。这一探索产生了一个以经验为基础的假设，即水产养殖是一个功能失调的行动系统。

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引用次数: 0

The ecological and socioeconomic implications of future total allowable catch decisions and illegal fishing scenarios for South Africa’s West Coast rock lobster fishery 未来总可捕量决定和非法捕捞情景对南非西海岸岩龙虾渔业的生态和社会经济影响

IF 3.5 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Marine Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106399

The West Coast rock lobster fishery, vital to South Africa, is in a critical state with only 1.1 % of its original exploitable biomass remaining. This study evaluates effects of various total allowable catch (TAC) decisions on biomass and economic performance, taking illegal fishing, currently a serious problem, into account. TAC options included two sustainable options and an option (1500 mt), which could only be feasible if illegal fishing is stopped. Biomass projections, from 2022 to 2050, are modelled from a length-based model incorporating a Beverton and Holt stock-recruit relationship. The impacts of different TAC decisions on biomass, net seasonal incomes (NSI) and net present value (NPV) are assessed. Sensitivity to different discount rates is also considered. Biomass projections suggest an imminent collapse if legal fishing limits are set too high or if IUU fishing is not substantially reduced. The NPVs for the entire sectors are found to be highest under a 1500 mt TAC but unless accompanied by a halt to IUU fishing, would result in unsustainable catch rates and rapidly declining NSI in areas where many quota holders are located. Under the 550 mt TAC scenario, there is less risk of biomass declines but the quotas for many stakeholders would be economically unviable. Lower TAC options are forecast to lead to the functional exclusion of many rights holders and reduction in employment. The most secure and economically successful strategy is considered to be adjusting annual TACs in response to the effectiveness of controlling IUU fishing and changes in biomass.

西海岸岩龙虾渔业对南非至关重要，目前已处于濒危状态，可开发生物量仅剩原来的 1.1%。本研究评估了各种总可捕量（TAC）决策对生物量和经济效益的影响，同时考虑到了目前严重的非法捕捞问题。总可捕量方案包括两个可持续方案和一个只有停止非法捕捞才可行的方案（1500 公吨）。从 2022 年到 2050 年的生物量预测，是通过一个基于长度的模型，并结合贝弗顿和霍尔特的种群-产量关系进行模拟的。评估了不同总可捕量决策对生物量、季节性净收入（NSI）和净现值（NPV）的影响。还考虑了对不同贴现率的敏感性。生物量预测表明，如果法定捕捞限额定得过高或非法、无管制和未报告的捕捞活动没有大幅减少，生物量即将崩溃。在 1500 公吨总可捕量下，整个行业的净现值最高，但除非同时停止非法、无管制和未报告的捕捞活动，否则将导致不可持续的捕获率，并使许多配额持有者所在地区的净现值指数（NSI）迅速下降。在 550 公吨总可捕量方案下，生物量下降的风险较小，但许多利益相关者的配额在经济上不可行。据预测，较低的总可捕量方案将导致许多权利持有者在功能上被排除在外，并减少就业。最安全和经济上最成功的战略被认为是根据控制非法、无管制和未报告的捕捞活动的效果和生物量的变化调整年度总可捕量。

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引用次数: 0

A review of small cetacean hunts in Greenland 格陵兰小鲸类捕猎回顾

IF 3.5 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Marine Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106401

Seven odontocete species are targeted by hunters in Greenland. Beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) and narwhal (Monodon monoceros) are hunted under annual quotas. Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), white beaked dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris), harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), killer whale (Orcinus orca) and long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas) are hunted without quotas. From 1993–2023, 109, 645 small cetaceans have been recorded in the North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission (NAMMCO) catch database as hunted in Greenland. The hunt follows the scientific advice in 3 out of 25 populations considered: the hunt is higher than the advice for 12 and there has been no assessment or advice for 10. Population trends are unknown for 14 populations, while numbers are stable or increasing in 6 and decreasing in 4. One population has been extirpated by hunting. Catches of all small cetaceans have increased since data records are available, including for narwhal and beluga since quotas have been in place. In some cases, insufficient monitoring and inaccurate reporting occur and there is a lack of data to assess struck and lost rates and times to death. Narwhals are experiencing significant declines in abundance due to hunting, particularly in East Greenland, where recovery may be compromised. To ensure the protection of small cetaceans in Greenland, management is required for all hunts, consistent with international conservation management recommendations. Measures should ensure sustainability, include stuck and lost and additional anthropogenic threats, be precautionary, based upon up-to-date knowledge of population status and trends and consider welfare aspects and recovery rates.

格陵兰的猎人以七种有尾目动物为目标。白鲸（Delphinapterus leucas）和独角鲸（Monodon monoceros）根据年度配额被猎杀。大西洋白鳍豚（Lagenorhynchus acutus）、白喙海豚（Lagenorhynchus albirostris）、港湾鼠海豚（Phocoena phocoena）、虎鲸（Orcinus orca）和长鳍领航鲸（Globicephala melas）的捕猎没有配额限制。从 1993 年到 2023 年，北大西洋海洋哺乳动物委员会（NAMMCO）的捕获量数据库中记录了在格陵兰猎杀的 109 645 头小鲸目动物。在所考虑的 25 个种群中，有 3 个种群的捕猎量符合科学建议：12 个种群的捕猎量高于科学建议，10 个种群没有评估或建议。14 个种群的数量趋势不明，6 个种群的数量稳定或增加，4 个种群的数量减少。一个种群因捕猎而灭绝。自从有数据记录以来，所有小型鲸目动物的捕获量都有所增加，包括配额实施后的独角鲸和白鲸。在某些情况下，由于监测不足和报告不准确，缺乏数据来评估被捕获和丢失的比例以及死亡时间。由于狩猎，特别是在东格陵兰，火鲸的数量正在大幅下降，其恢复可能会受到影响。为确保对格陵兰小型鲸目动物的保护，需要根据国际保护管理建议对所有狩猎活动进行管理。措施应确保可持续性，包括被卡住、丢失和额外的人为威胁，以预防为主，以对种群状况和趋势的最新了解为基础，并考虑福利方面和恢复率。

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引用次数: 0

Perceptions of “sustainable fisheries” in the UK and Japan using best-worst scaling 英国和日本对 "可持续渔业 "的看法（采用最佳-最差比例法

IF 3.5 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Marine Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106400

Sustainable fisheries contribute to various fields of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, progress towards achieving SDGs relating to fisheries differs between regions. There have been longstanding debates on how to achieve both sustainable use of marine resources and environmental protection, which might reflect different conceptualisations and perceptions of sustainable fisheries. This paper aims to: 1) obtain an overview of discussions regarding sustainable fisheries in the UK and Japan; and 2) evaluate the preferences of fisheries specialists towards the four pillars (institutional, social and cultural, ecological and economic) of sustainable fisheries using the Best Worst Scaling (BWS) method. The results reveal that, compared to Japanese fisheries specialists, the UK participants had a higher preference for the institutional pillar, but a lower preference for the social and cultural pillar, with ecological and economic pillars in between. As a case study to facilitate mutual understanding in fisheries, we provide the first empirical evidence revealing of how the preferences towards “sustainable fisheries” across the UK and Japan can be explained by four types of pillars. Differences in the demographic importance of fisheries workers, institutional management system, and seafood culture are discussed as factors affecting the results, but further research is needed in that regard.

可持续渔业有助于 2030 年议程可持续发展目标（SDGs）的各个领域。然而，在实现与渔业有关的可持续发展目标方面，各地区的进展不尽相同。关于如何实现海洋资源的可持续利用和环境保护的争论由来已久，这可能反映了对可持续渔业的不同概念和认识。本文旨在1) 概述英国和日本有关可持续渔业的讨论情况；2) 使用最佳最差比例（BWS）方法评估渔业专家对可持续渔业四大支柱（制度、社会和文化、生态和经济）的偏好。结果显示，与日本渔业专家相比，英国参与者对制度支柱的偏好度较高，但对社会和文化支柱的偏好度较低，生态和经济支柱的偏好度介于两者之间。作为一项促进渔业相互理解的案例研究，我们首次提供了实证证据，揭示了英国和日本对 "可持续渔业 "的偏好如何通过四类支柱来解释。渔业工人的人口重要性、机构管理制度和海鲜文化的差异被认为是影响结果的因素，但这方面还需要进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Opportunities and challenges in new production systems for salmon farming in Norway—Industry perspective 挪威鲑鱼养殖新生产系统的机遇与挑战--行业视角

IF 3.5 2区社会学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Marine Policy

Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2024.106394

The Norwegian salmon farming industry is characterized by an increasing technological diversity with new production systems emerging. The objective of this paper is to provide knowledge about challenges and opportunities with new production systems as perceived by industry representatives with hands-on experience. Interviews and workshops with fish farmers and suppliers illustrate that even though environmental issues concerning salmon lice, escapes, and diseases can be reduced, and in some cases solved, new challenges might arise. Semi-closed containment and land-based system concerns pertained to water quality and fish welfare, while exposed and offshore systems were more concerned about harsh conditions and their effects on fish, structures, and work operations. However, possibilities for beneficial new production strategies, the potential for a more stable production environment, and increased biosecurity are seen as important advantages. These findings provide valuable perspectives for industry, technology suppliers, and regulators moving forward.

挪威三文鱼养殖业的特点是技术日益多样化，新的生产系统不断涌现。本文旨在介绍具有实践经验的行业代表对新生产系统所面临的挑战和机遇的认识。与养鱼户和供应商的访谈和研讨会表明，尽管有关鲑虱、逃逸和疾病的环境问题可以减少，在某些情况下甚至可以解决，但新的挑战可能会出现。半封闭和陆基系统关注的是水质和鱼类福利，而暴露和离岸系统更关注恶劣条件及其对鱼类、结构和工作操作的影响。然而，有益的新生产战略、更稳定的生产环境和更高的生物安全性被视为重要的优势。这些发现为行业、技术供应商和监管机构提供了宝贵的前进视角。

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引用次数: 0