Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v50i1.2386
Asadolah Zareei Siahbidi, A. Asgari
This study was conducted to determine the most suitable plant population and genotype of rapeseed at the Eslamabad-e-Gharb Research Station in western Iran during 2018-2020. The experiment was a factorial based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Factors included four plant populations (20, 40, 60, and 80 plants m-2), and seven genotypes included four hybrids (Natalie, Rohan, Neptune, and Marathon) and three open-pollinated cultivars (Nafis, Nima, and Nilufar). The results show that the effect of the year was significant for all traits due to the difference in weather parameters over the two years of the experiment. ANOVA results shows that the effects of the plant population significantly affected plant height, the number of branches, the number of grains per pod, grain yield, grain oil, and oil yield. The effect of the genotype was also significant for all traits except oil yield. The effect of the interaction between the plant population and genotype on plant height, the number of branches, the number of grains per pod, the number of pods per plant, and 1000-grain weight was also significant. In general, open-pollinated cultivars at 60 plants m-2 and hybrid cultivars at 40 plants m-2 had higher grain yields.
{"title":"Determination of the optimal plant population and rapeseed genotype (Brassica napus L.) in western Iran","authors":"Asadolah Zareei Siahbidi, A. Asgari","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v50i1.2386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v50i1.2386","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the most suitable plant population and genotype of rapeseed at the Eslamabad-e-Gharb Research Station in western Iran during 2018-2020. The experiment was a factorial based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Factors included four plant populations (20, 40, 60, and 80 plants m-2), and seven genotypes included four hybrids (Natalie, Rohan, Neptune, and Marathon) and three open-pollinated cultivars (Nafis, Nima, and Nilufar). The results show that the effect of the year was significant for all traits due to the difference in weather parameters over the two years of the experiment. ANOVA results shows that the effects of the plant population significantly affected plant height, the number of branches, the number of grains per pod, grain yield, grain oil, and oil yield. The effect of the genotype was also significant for all traits except oil yield. The effect of the interaction between the plant population and genotype on plant height, the number of branches, the number of grains per pod, the number of pods per plant, and 1000-grain weight was also significant. In general, open-pollinated cultivars at 60 plants m-2 and hybrid cultivars at 40 plants m-2 had higher grain yields.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71296600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2398
E. Bordeu, Lorena Macarena Villalobos, Natalia Brossard
Sulfur dioxide is widely used in most wines around the world. The determination of free SO2 is probably the most frequently conducted analysis in the wine industry used to assure wine conservation. The most frequently used methods of analysis are the aeration-oxidation method and the Ripper method. Both methods are relatively long and require specialized technicians. A new methodology based on voltammetry has been developed. It is based on a specialized hand-held automatic and fast analyzer that uses analytical stripes. This study compared this new method with the traditional aeration-oxidation and Ripper methods in a wide range of red and white wines. The results showed a good correlation of the voltametric method with the aeration-oxidation method as a standard and very similar results were observed with the Ripper method. Variability and precision were also high, validating the use of the proposed method for daily use in cellar work.
{"title":"Validation of a new method for the rapid determination of free sulfur dioxide in wine","authors":"E. Bordeu, Lorena Macarena Villalobos, Natalia Brossard","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2398","url":null,"abstract":"Sulfur dioxide is widely used in most wines around the world. The determination of free SO2 is probably the most frequently conducted analysis in the wine industry used to assure wine conservation. The most frequently used methods of analysis are the aeration-oxidation method and the Ripper method. Both methods are relatively long and require specialized technicians. A new methodology based on voltammetry has been developed. It is based on a specialized hand-held automatic and fast analyzer that uses analytical stripes. This study compared this new method with the traditional aeration-oxidation and Ripper methods in a wide range of red and white wines. The results showed a good correlation of the voltametric method with the aeration-oxidation method as a standard and very similar results were observed with the Ripper method. Variability and precision were also high, validating the use of the proposed method for daily use in cellar work.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71296500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2375
Jesús Gómez-Velázquez, Alfonso Vásquez-López, J. Regino-Maldonado, Silvia N. Jurado-Celis
The concept of sustainability aims to integrate diverse aspects of human needs through the analysis of the environmental, social, and economic dimensions. Although there is a marked consensus on the concept of sustainability, there are local conditions that define the production patterns and their actual sustainability conditions. This paper aims to integrate a research review of sustainability in the agriculture systems of Mexico with a localscale approach, highlighting the local perspectives of each region to provide a clear view of the whole country’s agriculture systems and to find the thresholds of sustainability research in the coffee regions of Mexico. To integrate the review, several databases and quotes from selected papers were used from 2012, with some baseline references from 2002, and the paper structure was developed under a narrative technique. As a result, we show a view of the sustainability research approaches at different local scales in the agriculture systems of Mexico, emphasizing coffee systems and showing the thresholds of sustainability research with these approaches.
{"title":"A review of local-scale agricultural sustainability in the coffee regions of Mexico","authors":"Jesús Gómez-Velázquez, Alfonso Vásquez-López, J. Regino-Maldonado, Silvia N. Jurado-Celis","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2375","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of sustainability aims to integrate diverse aspects of human needs through the analysis of the environmental, social, and economic dimensions. Although there is a marked consensus on the concept of sustainability, there are local conditions that define the production patterns and their actual sustainability conditions. This paper aims to integrate a research review of sustainability in the agriculture systems of Mexico with a localscale approach, highlighting the local perspectives of each region to provide a clear view of the whole country’s agriculture systems and to find the thresholds of sustainability research in the coffee regions of Mexico. To integrate the review, several databases and quotes from selected papers were used from 2012, with some baseline references from 2002, and the paper structure was developed under a narrative technique. As a result, we show a view of the sustainability research approaches at different local scales in the agriculture systems of Mexico, emphasizing coffee systems and showing the thresholds of sustainability research with these approaches.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71296625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v50i1.2402
Jinu Eo, Myung‐Hyun Kim, Soon-Kun Choi, H. Bang
We investigated the association of landscaping plants with the communities of ground-dwelling arthropods within pastures and tested the hypothesis that arthropod biodiversity increases with vegetation heterogeneity. The community characterization and biodiversity of arthropods in a pasture were compared with those within communities with landscaping plants, including forest remnants, Forsythia koreana and Prunus serotina. The total abundance of mites was greater within the forest remnants than within the pasture; however, the abundance of insects and spiders did not differ. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling and the multiresponse permutation procedure revealed that the community composition of insects and spiders differed according to vegetation type. The abundance of Teleogryllus emma was highest within the forest remnant community, which suggested the species’ dependency on vegetation type. Species richness and the Shannon index of insects increased within F. koreana but not within P. serotina compared with the pasture. This suggested that belts of shrubs might have a greater promoting effect on insect biodiversity than belts of trees. Species richness of spiders did not differ by vegetation type. The total number of insect and spider species within the study area increased by 2.8 and 3.5 times, respectively, by establishing three types of vegetation. These results suggested that increasing vegetation heterogeneity by establishing landscaping plants is a good option for conserving insect and spider biodiversity in pastures.
{"title":"Composition, abundance and biodiversity of terrestrial arthropods in pastures and their relationship with landscaping plants","authors":"Jinu Eo, Myung‐Hyun Kim, Soon-Kun Choi, H. Bang","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v50i1.2402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v50i1.2402","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the association of landscaping plants with the communities of ground-dwelling arthropods within pastures and tested the hypothesis that arthropod biodiversity increases with vegetation heterogeneity. The community characterization and biodiversity of arthropods in a pasture were compared with those within communities with landscaping plants, including forest remnants, Forsythia koreana and Prunus serotina. The total abundance of mites was greater within the forest remnants than within the pasture; however, the abundance of insects and spiders did not differ. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling and the multiresponse permutation procedure revealed that the community composition of insects and spiders differed according to vegetation type. The abundance of Teleogryllus emma was highest within the forest remnant community, which suggested the species’ dependency on vegetation type. Species richness and the Shannon index of insects increased within F. koreana but not within P. serotina compared with the pasture. This suggested that belts of shrubs might have a greater promoting effect on insect biodiversity than belts of trees. Species richness of spiders did not differ by vegetation type. The total number of insect and spider species within the study area increased by 2.8 and 3.5 times, respectively, by establishing three types of vegetation. These results suggested that increasing vegetation heterogeneity by establishing landscaping plants is a good option for conserving insect and spider biodiversity in pastures.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71296612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2446
José Igor Silva Praça Igor Silva Praça, Bruna Firmino Enck, Milton César Costa Campos, Marcos Gervasio Pereira, Fernando Gomes Souza, Bruno Campos Mantovanelli, Elilson Gomes Brito Filho, Laercio Santos Silva, J. M. Cunha
Soil organic carbon (OC) is heterogeneous and sensitive to agricultural management, so knowledge of its spatial variability can improve the monitoring of areas under anthropogenic influence, as OC can serve as a sensitive indicator of changes in the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability of soil OC fractions in areas of cultivation with Amazonian species in the southern region of Amazonas state. A total of 256 georeferenced data points were collected in the 0.0–0.05 m and 0.05–0.10 m layers in the following agricultural systems: areas with cultivation of Guaraná, Annatto, Cupuaçu and forest. The OC contents were analyzed, and the chemical fractionation of soil organic matter was performed. The analytical results were evaluated through descriptive statistical analysis, and the spatial pattern was evaluated through geostatistical analysis. The conversion of natural ecosystems to agricultural systems affected the rates of addition and decomposition of soil organic matter. Changes in soil organic carbon stocks (SOC stock) due to the uses of different agricultural systems were determined by evaluating the free light fraction of soil organic matter. For the chemical fractions of organic matter, there was a predominance of the humin fraction (C-HU) in relation to the fractions of humic acid (C-FAH), fulvic acid (C-FAF) and OC associated with minerals (COAM) in the different land uses and soil layers analyzed. The geostatistical procedures proved to be important in determining the degree of carbon dependence and its fractionation in the context of spatial variability, and this information is useful in soil quality monitoring.
{"title":"Spatial variability of soil organic carbon fractions in areas under cultivation of Amazonian species in the southern region of Amazonas state, Brazil","authors":"José Igor Silva Praça Igor Silva Praça, Bruna Firmino Enck, Milton César Costa Campos, Marcos Gervasio Pereira, Fernando Gomes Souza, Bruno Campos Mantovanelli, Elilson Gomes Brito Filho, Laercio Santos Silva, J. M. Cunha","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2446","url":null,"abstract":"Soil organic carbon (OC) is heterogeneous and sensitive to agricultural management, so knowledge of its spatial variability can improve the monitoring of areas under anthropogenic influence, as OC can serve as a sensitive indicator of changes in the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability of soil OC fractions in areas of cultivation with Amazonian species in the southern region of Amazonas state. A total of 256 georeferenced data points were collected in the 0.0–0.05 m and 0.05–0.10 m layers in the following agricultural systems: areas with cultivation of Guaraná, Annatto, Cupuaçu and forest. The OC contents were analyzed, and the chemical fractionation of soil organic matter was performed. The analytical results were evaluated through descriptive statistical analysis, and the spatial pattern was evaluated through geostatistical analysis. The conversion of natural ecosystems to agricultural systems affected the rates of addition and decomposition of soil organic matter. Changes in soil organic carbon stocks (SOC stock) due to the uses of different agricultural systems were determined by evaluating the free light fraction of soil organic matter. For the chemical fractions of organic matter, there was a predominance of the humin fraction (C-HU) in relation to the fractions of humic acid (C-FAH), fulvic acid (C-FAF) and OC associated with minerals (COAM) in the different land uses and soil layers analyzed. The geostatistical procedures proved to be important in determining the degree of carbon dependence and its fractionation in the context of spatial variability, and this information is useful in soil quality monitoring.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71296205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2470
S. Pereira-Crespo, A. Botana, Marcos Veiga, Laura González, C. Resch, R. Lorenzana, M. P. Martínez-Diz, D. A. Plata-Reyes, G. Flores-Calvete
This technical note sought to examine the ability of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the chemical content and organic matter digestibility (OMD) of whole plants and the morphological components of forage sunflower. Empirical models for the prediction of OMD values from chemical components were developed, and their predictive ability vs. NIRS models was assessed. The total set of samples (n=147) was composed of whole plants (n=14) and morphological components (n=133) from different experiments performed at Galicia (Spain) and were scanned using a Foss NIR System 6500 instrument. The reference values of OMD corresponded to in vitro determinations (n=112 samples) from laboratory incubation tests using rumen fluid. The predictive capacity of the NIRS models was assessed by the coefficient of determination value in external validation (r2 ), showing good to excellent quality prediction of OMD and chemical components with values of r2 ≥0.88. However, the estimation of lignin did not show predictive utility (r2 =0.40). Using the NIRS models to predict the OMD of whole plants and morphological components of forage sunflower led to a decrease in the standard error in external validation, in contrast to the best empirical equation through the chemical components of samples (from ±8.25 to ±3.23%). This technical note showed that NIRS is a suitable technology, providing a rapid assessment of forage sunflower. However, these results should be considered preliminary, as they are based on a limited number of samples, and it is desirable to improve the performance of NIRS equations by increasing the dataset in future works.
{"title":"Prediction of the nutritive value of whole plants and morphological fractions of forage sunflower by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy and empirical equations","authors":"S. Pereira-Crespo, A. Botana, Marcos Veiga, Laura González, C. Resch, R. Lorenzana, M. P. Martínez-Diz, D. A. Plata-Reyes, G. Flores-Calvete","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2470","url":null,"abstract":"This technical note sought to examine the ability of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the chemical content and organic matter digestibility (OMD) of whole plants and the morphological components of forage sunflower. Empirical models for the prediction of OMD values from chemical components were developed, and their predictive ability vs. NIRS models was assessed. The total set of samples (n=147) was composed of whole plants (n=14) and morphological components (n=133) from different experiments performed at Galicia (Spain) and were scanned using a Foss NIR System 6500 instrument. The reference values of OMD corresponded to in vitro determinations (n=112 samples) from laboratory incubation tests using rumen fluid. The predictive capacity of the NIRS models was assessed by the coefficient of determination value in external validation (r2 ), showing good to excellent quality prediction of OMD and chemical components with values of r2 ≥0.88. However, the estimation of lignin did not show predictive utility (r2 =0.40). Using the NIRS models to predict the OMD of whole plants and morphological components of forage sunflower led to a decrease in the standard error in external validation, in contrast to the best empirical equation through the chemical components of samples (from ±8.25 to ±3.23%). This technical note showed that NIRS is a suitable technology, providing a rapid assessment of forage sunflower. However, these results should be considered preliminary, as they are based on a limited number of samples, and it is desirable to improve the performance of NIRS equations by increasing the dataset in future works.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71296321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2462
Nicolás Fuentes‐Allende, Claudio S. Quilodrán, Andrés Jofré, Benito A. González
Human activities associated with roads are frequently perceived to be negative for ungulates in arid environments because they may affect the use of feeding areas. Here, we focused on the behavior of vicuña (Vicugna vicugna), which feeds in four different, high-altitude wetlands affected by human activities (tourism, ranching, poaching and undisturbed). The results showed that vicuñas were more abundant and had higher feeding rates and lower flight distances in wetlands with tourism than in the other wetlands, suggesting that they have become desensitized to the presence of people at these sites. Management Implication: Noninvasive tourism could help safeguard wild ungulates
{"title":"Behavioral responses of vicuñas to human activities at priority feeding sites associated with roads in the highland desert of northern Chile","authors":"Nicolás Fuentes‐Allende, Claudio S. Quilodrán, Andrés Jofré, Benito A. González","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2462","url":null,"abstract":"Human activities associated with roads are frequently perceived to be negative for ungulates in arid environments because they may affect the use of feeding areas. Here, we focused on the behavior of vicuña (Vicugna vicugna), which feeds in four different, high-altitude wetlands affected by human activities (tourism, ranching, poaching and undisturbed). The results showed that vicuñas were more abundant and had higher feeding rates and lower flight distances in wetlands with tourism than in the other wetlands, suggesting that they have become desensitized to the presence of people at these sites. Management Implication: Noninvasive tourism could help safeguard wild ungulates","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71296312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2397
Flavia Schiappacasse Canepa, P. Yánez, Patricio Peñailillo, Enrique Misle
The geophyte Conanthera bifolia is endemic to Chile and belongs to the family Tecophilaeaceae. When in flower, the plant produces an inflorescence with blue florets. Conanthera plants arise from underground structures called corms; these have been reported to have been consumed as food in the past. These plants also have ornamental potential as garden or pot plants. The new corm starts growing on top of the mother corm by the end of summer; blooming occurs in the spring, and the plant goes dormant after fruit set. The corm flowering size and juvenile phase length in C. bifolia are unknown. The study objective was to determine the weight of the corm that is necessary for flowering and the number of seasons required to reach that weight. Corms were collected from the wild, separated into 10 weight categories from 0.2 to 5 g, and planted in trays in an unheated greenhouse in Talca, Chile. Corms weighing more than 1 g were able to flower, and the greatest flowering (48 to 70%) was found in corms weighing 3.5 to 5 g. The plant propagation coefficient decreased as the initial corm weight increased. The number of seasons to reach flowering size was estimated to be 8 years, placing this species in the group of geophytes with slow growth.
{"title":"Measuring the length of the juvenile phase and corm growth in the Chilean endemic geophyte Conanthera bifolia Ruiz et Pavon","authors":"Flavia Schiappacasse Canepa, P. Yánez, Patricio Peñailillo, Enrique Misle","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v50i2.2397","url":null,"abstract":"The geophyte Conanthera bifolia is endemic to Chile and belongs to the family Tecophilaeaceae. When in flower, the plant produces an inflorescence with blue florets. Conanthera plants arise from underground structures called corms; these have been reported to have been consumed as food in the past. These plants also have ornamental potential as garden or pot plants. The new corm starts growing on top of the mother corm by the end of summer; blooming occurs in the spring, and the plant goes dormant after fruit set. The corm flowering size and juvenile phase length in C. bifolia are unknown. The study objective was to determine the weight of the corm that is necessary for flowering and the number of seasons required to reach that weight. Corms were collected from the wild, separated into 10 weight categories from 0.2 to 5 g, and planted in trays in an unheated greenhouse in Talca, Chile. Corms weighing more than 1 g were able to flower, and the greatest flowering (48 to 70%) was found in corms weighing 3.5 to 5 g. The plant propagation coefficient decreased as the initial corm weight increased. The number of seasons to reach flowering size was estimated to be 8 years, placing this species in the group of geophytes with slow growth.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71296489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v49i3.2302
R. C. Oliveira, J. M. Luz, R. Lana, G. O. Alves, R. Ferraz‐Almeida, R. Camargo
Analyses of potential sources and products that aim to balance nutrients in soil and plants; improve physical, mineral, and biological attributes of soil; and reduce environmental impacts require greater attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of organomineral fertilizers (OMF) in Atlantic potato cultivar. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with four treatments and six replicates. The treatments consisted of NPK mineral fertilizers (recommended according to soil analysis and nutritional crop requirements), as control, and NPK plus OMF according to composition and form of application (planting, ridging, and leaf), referred to as managements A and B, which indicate the amount of nutrients that the plants received. Therefore, treatments with OMF were designated as: P-OMF(A): organomineral fertilizer management (A) applied via planting furrow; PR-OMF(B): organomineral fertilizer management (B) applied via planting and ridging, and PR-OMF(B) + L-OMF(B): organomineral fertilizer management (B) applied via planting, ridging, and leaf application. The applications of P-OMF(A) and PR-OMF(B) + L-OMF(B) resulted in positive effects on Special Class production and total productivity of Atlantic potato tubers, which increase were between 12% and 16% and 11% to 15.5%, respectively. The application of PR-OMF(B) + L-OMF(B) improved their soluble solid content by 2.7% compared to the control (absence of OMF application). Therefore, organomineral fertilizers have the potential for improving the quantitative and qualitative attributes of potatoes.
{"title":"Organomineral fertilizers potentiate Atlantic potato cultivation","authors":"R. C. Oliveira, J. M. Luz, R. Lana, G. O. Alves, R. Ferraz‐Almeida, R. Camargo","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v49i3.2302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v49i3.2302","url":null,"abstract":"Analyses of potential sources and products that aim to balance nutrients in soil and plants; improve physical, mineral, and biological attributes of soil; and reduce environmental impacts require greater attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of organomineral fertilizers (OMF) in Atlantic potato cultivar. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with four treatments and six replicates. The treatments consisted of NPK mineral fertilizers (recommended according to soil analysis and nutritional crop requirements), as control, and NPK plus OMF according to composition and form of application (planting, ridging, and leaf), referred to as managements A and B, which indicate the amount of nutrients that the plants received. Therefore, treatments with OMF were designated as: P-OMF(A): organomineral fertilizer management (A) applied via planting furrow; PR-OMF(B): organomineral fertilizer management (B) applied via planting and ridging, and PR-OMF(B) + L-OMF(B): organomineral fertilizer management (B) applied via planting, ridging, and leaf application. The applications of P-OMF(A) and PR-OMF(B) + L-OMF(B) resulted in positive effects on Special Class production and total productivity of Atlantic potato tubers, which increase were between 12% and 16% and 11% to 15.5%, respectively. The application of PR-OMF(B) + L-OMF(B) improved their soluble solid content by 2.7% compared to the control (absence of OMF application). Therefore, organomineral fertilizers have the potential for improving the quantitative and qualitative attributes of potatoes.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71296422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v49i1.2357
N. Tang, Quan-zhan Chen, Ping Yang, Li-Ke Wang, Bian-jiang Zhang
Allium mongolicum Regel is a desert plant that shows great resistance to wind erosion, drought, and low temperatures and is widely distributed in the desert lands of China. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying its drought resistance is essential for uncovering drought resistance genes and improving its beneficial traits. Here, a de novo RNA-Seq assembly analysis was conducted using the roots of 1-month-old seedlings under drought stress. Using pairwise comparisons of untreated plants (CK), 48-hour drought plants (G48h), and 96- hour drought plants (G96h), in total, 2,211 differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) were obtained. Furthermore, using functional annotation, these DEGs were mainly involved in the plasma membrane, photosynthesis, and secondary carbohydrate metabolism. Moreover, genes involved in the ABA-mediated signaling pathway and secondary metabolism were upregulated in the roots. These results suggest that desert plants may use signaling and secondary metabolic pathways as adaptive responses to drought stress. Collectively, this work could help elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the ability of A. mongolicum Regel to respond to drought stress and aid in the selection of novel drought tolerance genes.
{"title":"Root transcriptome of Allium mongolicum Regel under drought stress conditions","authors":"N. Tang, Quan-zhan Chen, Ping Yang, Li-Ke Wang, Bian-jiang Zhang","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v49i1.2357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v49i1.2357","url":null,"abstract":"Allium mongolicum Regel is a desert plant that shows great resistance to wind erosion, drought, and low temperatures and is widely distributed in the desert lands of China. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying its drought resistance is essential for uncovering drought resistance genes and improving its beneficial traits. Here, a de novo RNA-Seq assembly analysis was conducted using the roots of 1-month-old seedlings under drought stress. Using pairwise comparisons of untreated plants (CK), 48-hour drought plants (G48h), and 96- hour drought plants (G96h), in total, 2,211 differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) were obtained. Furthermore, using functional annotation, these DEGs were mainly involved in the plasma membrane, photosynthesis, and secondary carbohydrate metabolism. Moreover, genes involved in the ABA-mediated signaling pathway and secondary metabolism were upregulated in the roots. These results suggest that desert plants may use signaling and secondary metabolic pathways as adaptive responses to drought stress. Collectively, this work could help elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the ability of A. mongolicum Regel to respond to drought stress and aid in the selection of novel drought tolerance genes.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71296300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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