AbstractIn this study, a series of polyethylene glycol (PEG)/hydrochloric acid-modified sepiolite (HSEP) composite phase change materials (PCMs) are fabricated via vacuum impregnation. HSEP exhibits high adsorption capacity, rendering it superior to natural sepiolite as carriers for PEG. The resulting composite PCMs possess a melting enthalpy of up to 88.9 J/g and maintain stable thermal performances and chemical structures over 100 heating–cooling cycles between room temperature and 65 °C, thus, indicating long-term reliability. Calorimetry studies on cement paste containing 30% composite PCMs reveal a 24.14% reduction in 3-day cumulative hydration heat. However, the mechanical strength and thermal conductivity of the cement paste are adversely affected. Hence, carbon fibers (CFs) are introduced as reinforcement, resulting in a 28-day compressive strength of 45.6 MPa for cement paste containing 20% composite PCMs and 0.6% CFs. The fabricated composite PCMs are promising functional materials for hydration heat control and energy storage in concrete structures.Keywords: Sepioliteform-stable composite PCMscement-based materialshydration heatthermal energy storage Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Additional informationFundingThe authors greatly acknowledge the National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51925903). General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (52108196). State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (2020CEM001). Science and Technology Research Project of China Railway (2020YY240610, K2020G033).
{"title":"Cement-based materials incorporated with polyethylene glycol/sepiolite composite phase change materials: hydration, mechanical, and thermal properties","authors":"Jinyang Jiang, Siyi Ju, Fengjuan Wang, Liguo Wang, Jinyan Shi, Zhiyong Liu, Zhongyi Xin","doi":"10.1080/21650373.2023.2269391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2023.2269391","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractIn this study, a series of polyethylene glycol (PEG)/hydrochloric acid-modified sepiolite (HSEP) composite phase change materials (PCMs) are fabricated via vacuum impregnation. HSEP exhibits high adsorption capacity, rendering it superior to natural sepiolite as carriers for PEG. The resulting composite PCMs possess a melting enthalpy of up to 88.9 J/g and maintain stable thermal performances and chemical structures over 100 heating–cooling cycles between room temperature and 65 °C, thus, indicating long-term reliability. Calorimetry studies on cement paste containing 30% composite PCMs reveal a 24.14% reduction in 3-day cumulative hydration heat. However, the mechanical strength and thermal conductivity of the cement paste are adversely affected. Hence, carbon fibers (CFs) are introduced as reinforcement, resulting in a 28-day compressive strength of 45.6 MPa for cement paste containing 20% composite PCMs and 0.6% CFs. The fabricated composite PCMs are promising functional materials for hydration heat control and energy storage in concrete structures.Keywords: Sepioliteform-stable composite PCMscement-based materialshydration heatthermal energy storage Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Additional informationFundingThe authors greatly acknowledge the National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51925903). General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (52108196). State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (2020CEM001). Science and Technology Research Project of China Railway (2020YY240610, K2020G033).","PeriodicalId":48521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136067993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AbstractThe use of solid activators to prepare alkali-activated materials (AAM) holds great potential for on-site applications, as it eliminates the need to transport and store large quantities of concentrated alkaline solutions. This study compared the early-age properties and efflorescence between alkali-activated slag/fly ash (AASF) using solid and liquid sodium silicates as activators. The results revealed that AASF with solid sodium silicates exhibited comparable mechanical strength while possessing reduced initial setting time and flowability. All AASF mixtures were susceptible to efflorescence and carbonation, resulting in varying mineralogical compositions of carbonation products: Vaterite was detected in AASF with solid activators, while aragonite and pirssonite were identified in AASF with liquid activators containing 4 and 6 wt.% Na2O, respectively. The efflorescence of AASF exposed to bottom water was more severe than those exposed to natural conditions, as evidenced by the decalcification of reaction products, migration of alkalis, and formation of crystalline carbonates.Keywords: Alkali-activated materialssodium silicatessetting timeefflorescence Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors thank the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52078149, 52378227 and 51925802), 111 Project (No. D21021), Key Discipline of Materials Science and Engineering, Bureau of Education of Guangzhou (Grant number: 202255464).
{"title":"Assessment of the performance of alkali-activated slag/fly ash using liquid and solid activators: early-age properties and efflorescence","authors":"Jihao Gong, Yuwei Ma, Yanru Wang, Yubin Cao, Jiyang Fu, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1080/21650373.2023.2266837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2023.2266837","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe use of solid activators to prepare alkali-activated materials (AAM) holds great potential for on-site applications, as it eliminates the need to transport and store large quantities of concentrated alkaline solutions. This study compared the early-age properties and efflorescence between alkali-activated slag/fly ash (AASF) using solid and liquid sodium silicates as activators. The results revealed that AASF with solid sodium silicates exhibited comparable mechanical strength while possessing reduced initial setting time and flowability. All AASF mixtures were susceptible to efflorescence and carbonation, resulting in varying mineralogical compositions of carbonation products: Vaterite was detected in AASF with solid activators, while aragonite and pirssonite were identified in AASF with liquid activators containing 4 and 6 wt.% Na2O, respectively. The efflorescence of AASF exposed to bottom water was more severe than those exposed to natural conditions, as evidenced by the decalcification of reaction products, migration of alkalis, and formation of crystalline carbonates.Keywords: Alkali-activated materialssodium silicatessetting timeefflorescence Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors thank the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52078149, 52378227 and 51925802), 111 Project (No. D21021), Key Discipline of Materials Science and Engineering, Bureau of Education of Guangzhou (Grant number: 202255464).","PeriodicalId":48521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AbstractFluid catalytic cracking (FCC) ash is a common industrial waste in the crude oil refinery process. In this study, raw FCC ash was incorporated to develop sustainable MgO/FCC ash blends for 3D printing on vertical surfaces. Rheological and tack behaviors of MgO/FCC ash blends were systematically studied, followed by the assessment of mechanical property and hydration products. On this basis, the suitable mixture for 3D printing on the vertical surfaces was determined, and its feasibility was verified with lab-scale 3D printing. Finally, the environmental impact of the developed mixture was estimated through batch leaching and composition tests. This study provides an alternative method to upcycle FCC ash as an ingredient for 3D concrete printing, which brings benefits to both the construction and oil refinery industries. Besides, the rheological, tack, and hydration investigations of the MgO/FCC ash blends guide the future design of similar mixtures with upcycled wastes.Keywords: fluid catalytic cracking (FCC)3D concrete printingsustainabilityrheologytackiness Disclosure statementThe authors declare no conflict of interest.Additional informationFundingThis research is supported by the National Research Foundation, Prime Minister’s Office, Singapore under its Medium-Sized Centre funding scheme, CES_SDC Pte Ltd, and Chip Eng Seng Corporation Ltd. The authors would like to thank Xiangyu Wang and Lining Wang for their assistance in the 3D printing experiment. The authors would also like to thank ECO Special Waste Management Pte. Ltd., Singapore for providing the FCC ash for this research study.
摘要催化裂化灰分是原油炼制过程中常见的工业废弃物。在本研究中，将FCC粗灰掺入其中，开发可持续的MgO/FCC灰混合物，用于垂直表面的3D打印。系统研究了MgO/FCC灰共混物的流变和黏附行为，并对其力学性能和水化产物进行了评价。在此基础上，确定了适合垂直表面3D打印的混合材料，并通过实验室规模的3D打印验证了其可行性。最后，通过批量浸出和成分测试，对开发的混合物的环境影响进行了评估。本研究提供了一种将FCC灰分升级为3D混凝土打印原料的替代方法，这对建筑和炼油行业都有好处。此外，MgO/FCC灰共混物的流变学、粘性和水化研究为未来设计类似的再生废物混合物提供了指导。关键词:催化裂化(FCC)3D混凝土打印可持续性流变黏性披露声明作者声明无利益冲突本研究由新加坡国家研究基金会、新加坡总理办公室的中型中心资助计划、CES_SDC Pte Ltd和Chip Eng Seng Corporation Ltd支持。作者要感谢王翔宇和王立宁在3D打印实验中的帮助。作者还要感谢新加坡ECO特殊废物管理有限公司为本研究提供FCC灰。
{"title":"MgO/fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) ash blends for 3D printing on vertical surfaces","authors":"Bing Lu, Huanyu Zhao, Mingyang Li, Teck Neng Wong, Shunzhi Qian","doi":"10.1080/21650373.2023.2270571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2023.2270571","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractFluid catalytic cracking (FCC) ash is a common industrial waste in the crude oil refinery process. In this study, raw FCC ash was incorporated to develop sustainable MgO/FCC ash blends for 3D printing on vertical surfaces. Rheological and tack behaviors of MgO/FCC ash blends were systematically studied, followed by the assessment of mechanical property and hydration products. On this basis, the suitable mixture for 3D printing on the vertical surfaces was determined, and its feasibility was verified with lab-scale 3D printing. Finally, the environmental impact of the developed mixture was estimated through batch leaching and composition tests. This study provides an alternative method to upcycle FCC ash as an ingredient for 3D concrete printing, which brings benefits to both the construction and oil refinery industries. Besides, the rheological, tack, and hydration investigations of the MgO/FCC ash blends guide the future design of similar mixtures with upcycled wastes.Keywords: fluid catalytic cracking (FCC)3D concrete printingsustainabilityrheologytackiness Disclosure statementThe authors declare no conflict of interest.Additional informationFundingThis research is supported by the National Research Foundation, Prime Minister’s Office, Singapore under its Medium-Sized Centre funding scheme, CES_SDC Pte Ltd, and Chip Eng Seng Corporation Ltd. The authors would like to thank Xiangyu Wang and Lining Wang for their assistance in the 3D printing experiment. The authors would also like to thank ECO Special Waste Management Pte. Ltd., Singapore for providing the FCC ash for this research study.","PeriodicalId":48521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135995318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AbstractAlkali-activated slag and fly ash (FA)-blended seawater sea sand concrete (AASC) is a new type of concrete produced without Portland cement or river sand. The advantages of utilising industrial waste and marine resources are that they are not only eco-friendly but cost-saving. This study aimed to investigate the properties of AASC exposed to elevated temperatures. Slag and FA were activated using NaOH and water glass solutions for mixing AASC. Heating and compressive tests were conducted to analyse the thermal and compressive properties of the AASC. The results showed that the AASC with higher FA content (Type II) had fewer flaky structures and more integral interfacial transition zones than the other type of AASC (Type I) after exposure to 600 °C. Type I AASC had better mechanical performance at temperatures below 400 °C but was inferior to Type II AASC beyond 600 °C. A compressive constitutive model was proposed for AASC.Keywords: alkali-activated materialsseawater sea sand concretethermal propertiescompressive propertieselevated temperature Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors gratefully acknowledge the support received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52178259), the Major Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. ZR2020KA001), Special Project of Science and Technology Benefiting the People of Qingdao (Grant No. 21-1-4-sf-18-nsh), and Technical Service Project by Qingjian Group Co., Ltd. (Grant No. 20220149).
{"title":"Properties of alkali-activated slag and fly ash blended sea sand concrete exposed to elevated temperature","authors":"Junhao Wang, Shutong Yang, Zhongke Sun, Sheng Wang, Yaodong Feng, Zhenhua Ren","doi":"10.1080/21650373.2023.2266815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2023.2266815","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractAlkali-activated slag and fly ash (FA)-blended seawater sea sand concrete (AASC) is a new type of concrete produced without Portland cement or river sand. The advantages of utilising industrial waste and marine resources are that they are not only eco-friendly but cost-saving. This study aimed to investigate the properties of AASC exposed to elevated temperatures. Slag and FA were activated using NaOH and water glass solutions for mixing AASC. Heating and compressive tests were conducted to analyse the thermal and compressive properties of the AASC. The results showed that the AASC with higher FA content (Type II) had fewer flaky structures and more integral interfacial transition zones than the other type of AASC (Type I) after exposure to 600 °C. Type I AASC had better mechanical performance at temperatures below 400 °C but was inferior to Type II AASC beyond 600 °C. A compressive constitutive model was proposed for AASC.Keywords: alkali-activated materialsseawater sea sand concretethermal propertiescompressive propertieselevated temperature Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors gratefully acknowledge the support received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52178259), the Major Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. ZR2020KA001), Special Project of Science and Technology Benefiting the People of Qingdao (Grant No. 21-1-4-sf-18-nsh), and Technical Service Project by Qingjian Group Co., Ltd. (Grant No. 20220149).","PeriodicalId":48521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135765923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-14DOI: 10.1080/21650373.2023.2266442
Alireza Jafari, Vahab Toufigh
AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the effects of mix design parameters of ambient-cured slag-based alkali-activated concrete (GAAC) and develop a prediction model for its compressive strength (CS) by emphasizing the chemical compositions of alkaline solutions. A test setup including 625 specimens, in 125 mixes, was designed. A comprehensive parametric study and statistical evaluation were performed. Findings revealed the effectiveness of Na2O, SiO2, H2O, and GGBFS contents compared to the dosage of alkaline solutions and highlighted their disadvantages. The results also discovered the efficiency of the Bayesian linear regression in the simulation compared to the artificial neural network. Two models for estimating the CS of GAAC with reasonable accuracy were also proposed. Carbon footprint evaluation revealed that the carbon dioxide reduction of substituting ordinary concrete with GAAC depended on the desired properties of the concrete and was equal to 33% for grade 35 MPa concrete.Keywords: Alkali-activated concreteprediction modelcompressive strengthparametric studystatistical evaluationMachine learning Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementSome or all data, models, or codes that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.Notes1 The difference in H2O and water in the mixtures is due to the water-sodium hydroxide flakes reaction in SH. (2NaOH+H2O→Na2O+2H2O).
{"title":"Developing a comprehensive prediction model for the compressive strength of slag-based alkali-activated concrete","authors":"Alireza Jafari, Vahab Toufigh","doi":"10.1080/21650373.2023.2266442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2023.2266442","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the effects of mix design parameters of ambient-cured slag-based alkali-activated concrete (GAAC) and develop a prediction model for its compressive strength (CS) by emphasizing the chemical compositions of alkaline solutions. A test setup including 625 specimens, in 125 mixes, was designed. A comprehensive parametric study and statistical evaluation were performed. Findings revealed the effectiveness of Na2O, SiO2, H2O, and GGBFS contents compared to the dosage of alkaline solutions and highlighted their disadvantages. The results also discovered the efficiency of the Bayesian linear regression in the simulation compared to the artificial neural network. Two models for estimating the CS of GAAC with reasonable accuracy were also proposed. Carbon footprint evaluation revealed that the carbon dioxide reduction of substituting ordinary concrete with GAAC depended on the desired properties of the concrete and was equal to 33% for grade 35 MPa concrete.Keywords: Alkali-activated concreteprediction modelcompressive strengthparametric studystatistical evaluationMachine learning Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementSome or all data, models, or codes that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.Notes1 The difference in H2O and water in the mixtures is due to the water-sodium hydroxide flakes reaction in SH. (2NaOH+H2O→Na2O+2H2O).","PeriodicalId":48521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135800510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AbstractConventional geopolymers are proven to be eco-friendly compared to Portland cement-based concrete (PC). However, the used alkali activator, i.e. sodium silicate is associated with high carbon emission and cost, making the geopolymers not really a sustainable alternative to PC. This experimental investigation was carried out to understand the potential of rice husk ash (RHA)-based alkali activator in the synthesis of fly ash-blast furnace slag (FA-GGBFS)-based geopolymers at ambient temperature. Three different concentrations of sodium hydroxide (by wt. %) solutions, i.e. 20%, 24%, and 27%, were used to synthesize an RHA-based alkali activator. A commercial-grade sodium silicate solution was used to compare the results of geopolymer mortars (GPM) with the prepared RHA-based alkali activator. Fresh, mechanical, and microstructural investigations were carried out for both the RHA and commercial-grade alkali activator-based FA-GGBFS GPM specimens. The compressive strength of RHA-based optimum GPM was found to be 41 MPa at 28 days of the curing period, which was close to the control sample made with the commercial activator; similar observations were found for the flow table test. Microstructural investigation (XRD and SEM) confirmed that the GPM prepared with the RHA-based alkali activator has a similar microstructure as the GPM with the commercial-grade alkali activator.Keywords: Geopolymeralkali-activated materialsrice husk ashalternative alkali activatormicrostructure and mechanical properties Authors’ contributionsS.K. Das: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Visualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft preparation, Writing—review and editing, and Supervision; N. Behera: Investigation, Methodology, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft preparation; S.K. Patro: Conceptualization, Visualization, Supervision, and Writing—review and editing; S.M. Mustakim: Resources, Writing—review and editing; Y. Suda: Formal analysis, Writing—review and editing; N. Leklou: Validation and Writing—review and editing.AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the experimental support of CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, India, for this research. The authors also thank Mr. Manoj Nayak and Mr. Pradyumna Kumar Sahu of the Department of Civil Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Odisha, India, for their help during the experimental investigation. Grøn Tek Concrete and Research, Bhubaneswar, India, is also acknowledged for the support provided during this research.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
{"title":"Effectiveness of rice husk ash-derived alkali activator in fresh, mechanical, and microstructure properties of geopolymer mortar at ambient temperature curing","authors":"Shaswat Kumar Das, Niranjan Behera, Sanjaya Kumar Patro, Syed Mohammed Mustakim, Yuya Suda, Nordine Leklou","doi":"10.1080/21650373.2023.2262465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2023.2262465","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractConventional geopolymers are proven to be eco-friendly compared to Portland cement-based concrete (PC). However, the used alkali activator, i.e. sodium silicate is associated with high carbon emission and cost, making the geopolymers not really a sustainable alternative to PC. This experimental investigation was carried out to understand the potential of rice husk ash (RHA)-based alkali activator in the synthesis of fly ash-blast furnace slag (FA-GGBFS)-based geopolymers at ambient temperature. Three different concentrations of sodium hydroxide (by wt. %) solutions, i.e. 20%, 24%, and 27%, were used to synthesize an RHA-based alkali activator. A commercial-grade sodium silicate solution was used to compare the results of geopolymer mortars (GPM) with the prepared RHA-based alkali activator. Fresh, mechanical, and microstructural investigations were carried out for both the RHA and commercial-grade alkali activator-based FA-GGBFS GPM specimens. The compressive strength of RHA-based optimum GPM was found to be 41 MPa at 28 days of the curing period, which was close to the control sample made with the commercial activator; similar observations were found for the flow table test. Microstructural investigation (XRD and SEM) confirmed that the GPM prepared with the RHA-based alkali activator has a similar microstructure as the GPM with the commercial-grade alkali activator.Keywords: Geopolymeralkali-activated materialsrice husk ashalternative alkali activatormicrostructure and mechanical properties Authors’ contributionsS.K. Das: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Visualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft preparation, Writing—review and editing, and Supervision; N. Behera: Investigation, Methodology, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft preparation; S.K. Patro: Conceptualization, Visualization, Supervision, and Writing—review and editing; S.M. Mustakim: Resources, Writing—review and editing; Y. Suda: Formal analysis, Writing—review and editing; N. Leklou: Validation and Writing—review and editing.AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the experimental support of CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, India, for this research. The authors also thank Mr. Manoj Nayak and Mr. Pradyumna Kumar Sahu of the Department of Civil Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Odisha, India, for their help during the experimental investigation. Grøn Tek Concrete and Research, Bhubaneswar, India, is also acknowledged for the support provided during this research.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.","PeriodicalId":48521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136012931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.1080/21650373.2023.2263447
Lu Jiang, Pengjun Li, Wenjing Wang, Yu Zhang, Zhu Li
AbstractMicrobial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology has gained significant traction as an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and intelligent self-healing method for concrete cracks. The harsh service environment and high alkalinity of cement matrices have posed a significant challenge to the survival and growth of bacteria, which is crucial for the success of MICP technologies in concrete components. This article aims to present an up-to-date overview of the current research status of self-healing concrete cracks utilizing MICP technology. Specifically, it comprehensively reviews the selection of mineralization repair systems, encompassing repair mechanisms, effects, processes, nutrient addition sequences, and carrier selection. Furthermore, various characterization methods for evaluating the self-healing ability of concrete are explored, accompanied by an in-depth analysis of practical applications of self-healing concrete. Finally, this paper highlights the pressing issues facing this technology while outlining promising directions for future advancement.Keywords: MICPself-healing concretecarriercharacterizationapplications Author contributionsLu Jiang: methodology, investigation, conceptualization. Pengjun Li: writing original draft. Wenjing Wang: writing-review and editing, funding acquisition. Yu Zhang: writing-review and editing. Zhu Li: supervision, resources, investigation.Additional informationFundingFunding was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52208258 and 52078473) and Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China (Nos. 2023AAC05011 and 2022AAC03072).
{"title":"A self-healing method for concrete cracks based on microbial-induced carbonate precipitation: bacteria, immobilization, characterization, and application","authors":"Lu Jiang, Pengjun Li, Wenjing Wang, Yu Zhang, Zhu Li","doi":"10.1080/21650373.2023.2263447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2023.2263447","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractMicrobial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology has gained significant traction as an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and intelligent self-healing method for concrete cracks. The harsh service environment and high alkalinity of cement matrices have posed a significant challenge to the survival and growth of bacteria, which is crucial for the success of MICP technologies in concrete components. This article aims to present an up-to-date overview of the current research status of self-healing concrete cracks utilizing MICP technology. Specifically, it comprehensively reviews the selection of mineralization repair systems, encompassing repair mechanisms, effects, processes, nutrient addition sequences, and carrier selection. Furthermore, various characterization methods for evaluating the self-healing ability of concrete are explored, accompanied by an in-depth analysis of practical applications of self-healing concrete. Finally, this paper highlights the pressing issues facing this technology while outlining promising directions for future advancement.Keywords: MICPself-healing concretecarriercharacterizationapplications Author contributionsLu Jiang: methodology, investigation, conceptualization. Pengjun Li: writing original draft. Wenjing Wang: writing-review and editing, funding acquisition. Yu Zhang: writing-review and editing. Zhu Li: supervision, resources, investigation.Additional informationFundingFunding was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52208258 and 52078473) and Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China (Nos. 2023AAC05011 and 2022AAC03072).","PeriodicalId":48521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135094086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.1080/21650373.2023.2258500
Shuang Wu, Changzai Ren, Yunan Sun, Wenlong Wang
AbstractYe’elimite is the primary mineral component in calcium sulfoaluminate cements and is responsible for their early hydraulic reactivity. Herein, ye’elimite was synthesized using a novel method with CaSO4 as the sole CaO source to achieve high purity. Stoichiometric ye’elimite and iron-bearing ye’elimite were synthesized, with the highest purity obtained through sintering at 1250°C for 4 h. The crystal structure of iron-bearing ye’elimite was represented through dynamical disordering of the SO4 tetrahedron and Ca atom with the space group I4¯3m. Moreover, the early hydration behaviors of stoichiometric ye’elimite and iron-bearing ye’elimite reacting with and without gypsum were studied. In the absence of gypsum, stoichiometric ye’elimite reacts faster than iron-bearing ye’elimite. However, in the presence of gypsum, the hydration of the former is faster than that of the latter and the hydration rates of both these minerals are higher than those observed in the absence of gypsum.Keywords: stoichiometric ye’elimiteiron-bearing ye’elimitesolid-state synthesiscrystal structurehydration Disclosure statementThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Project (2022CXGC010701), State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Fund (2022-K51), and Shandong Provincial Science and Technology SMEs Innovation Capacity Improvement Project (2022TSGC2016).
{"title":"Synthesis, structure, and hydration of stoichiometric ye’elimite and iron-bearing ye’elimite","authors":"Shuang Wu, Changzai Ren, Yunan Sun, Wenlong Wang","doi":"10.1080/21650373.2023.2258500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2023.2258500","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractYe’elimite is the primary mineral component in calcium sulfoaluminate cements and is responsible for their early hydraulic reactivity. Herein, ye’elimite was synthesized using a novel method with CaSO4 as the sole CaO source to achieve high purity. Stoichiometric ye’elimite and iron-bearing ye’elimite were synthesized, with the highest purity obtained through sintering at 1250°C for 4 h. The crystal structure of iron-bearing ye’elimite was represented through dynamical disordering of the SO4 tetrahedron and Ca atom with the space group I4¯3m. Moreover, the early hydration behaviors of stoichiometric ye’elimite and iron-bearing ye’elimite reacting with and without gypsum were studied. In the absence of gypsum, stoichiometric ye’elimite reacts faster than iron-bearing ye’elimite. However, in the presence of gypsum, the hydration of the former is faster than that of the latter and the hydration rates of both these minerals are higher than those observed in the absence of gypsum.Keywords: stoichiometric ye’elimiteiron-bearing ye’elimitesolid-state synthesiscrystal structurehydration Disclosure statementThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Project (2022CXGC010701), State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Fund (2022-K51), and Shandong Provincial Science and Technology SMEs Innovation Capacity Improvement Project (2022TSGC2016).","PeriodicalId":48521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135141988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1080/21650373.2023.2264284
Ayman Ababneh, Faris Matalkah, Ruba Aqel
AbstractThe poor reactivity is the major limitation of the use of high replacement levels of volcanic tuff in concrete mixtures. The primary focus of this study is to develop a systematic methodology to identify an effective activation technique that enhances the reactivity of volcanic tuff for its application in large-volume concrete applications. Realizing the application of low-reactivity volcanic tuffin cement mortars, various activation methods such as dry-milling, wet-milling, and calcination have been used to improve the reactivity of raw volcanic tuff powder. Practical size distribution, specific surface area, XRD, TG/DTA, SEM, and Chappelle test were employed to assess the chemical and physical changes in the raw volcanic tuff particles after performing different activation methods. Mortars with 50% replacement are characterized by measuring compressive strength, strength activity index (SAI), mass loss, and residual strength after exposure to elevated temperatures, XRD, TGA/DTA, and SEM of all mortar mixes were investigated. The results showed that the compressive strength of specimens with 50% replacement of volcanic tuff which was activated by dry-milling, wet-milling, and calcination after curing for seven days, could reach 116%, 98%, and 77% of that of control specimens, respectively. Mixtures containing dry-milling volcanic tuff demonstrated optimal results in both compressive strength values and strength activity index. The results revealed that the activated volcanic tuff improved the mechanical properties of high-volume cement-volcanic tuff blendes due to effective physical filling led to denser microstructure and improving the pozzolanic reaction led to the production of higher amounts of Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate.Keywords: Volcanic tuffactivationcementwet millingcalcination Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors thankfully acknowledge the financial assistance from the Deanship of Scientific Research at Jordan University of Science and Technology under grant number 2021/383.
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Pub Date : 2023-10-03DOI: 10.1080/21650373.2023.2260794
Segundo Shagñay, Asunción Bautista, Francisco Velasco, Irene Ramón-Álvarez, Manuel Torres-Carrasco
AbstractAlkali-activated slag (AAS) materials are one of the most promising alternatives to ordinary Portland cement (PC), as the AAS curing process does not require thermal activation, unlike the activation of other wastes. In addition, AAS exhibit lower porosity than PC, but experience shrinkage problems that can negatively affect their in-service implementation and durability. Shrinkage can directly impact the mechanical properties of AAS as well as the corrosion protection of steel reinforced structures in environments with chlorides, and be a factor affecting durability. The length change during the curing of these mortars can generate high stresses that are released through the formation of microcracks or cracks in their structure. Cracks can act as preferential diffusion paths for aggressive chloride ions and favor the corrosion of the reinforcement. The aim of the present work is to study the reduction in shrinkage that can be achieved for AAS using five different activators: NaOH 4 M, waterglass (WG) with two different SiO2/Na2O molar ratios (MR) and Na2CO3 solution without and with 10% MgO additions. The results reveal that AAS activated with Na2CO3 shows very reduced microcracking. The addition of expansive MgO completely eliminates microcracking but makes the mortar more porous. In the latter case, the pits become much smaller and potentially less dangerous than the ones appearing in the other studied mortars.HighlightsAlkali-activated slag mortars manufactured in five different ways (Na2O fixed ratio) are tested.Shrinkage behavior of mortars is related to the corrosion of the embedded steel.Cyclic immersions in NaCl favour chloride diffusion and precipitation in reinforced mortars.Pit morphologies are related to Cl- transport through cracks, microcracks or/and porosity.WG (0.8 SiO2/Na2O MR) or Na2CO3 are promising options to activate slag for carbon steel-reinforced mortars.Keywords: Alkali-activated slagshrinkagecrackingdurabilitycorrosionchlorides Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors have been able to carry out the present research thanks to financial support from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades of Spain (RTI2018-096428-B-I00 and PID2021-125810OB-C22) and the Madrid Regional Government (Comunidad de Madrid) under the Multiannual UC3M Agreement in the line of “Fostering Young Doctors’ Research” (HORATSO-CS-UC3M) within the context of the V PRICIT (Regional Programme of Research and Technological Innovation).Notes on contributorsSegundo ShagñaySegundo Shagñay: Post-doctoral researcher in Materials Science and Engineering at University Carlos III of Madrid. His work is focused on the study of durability of new ecological materials as alternatives to ordinary Portland cement.Asunción BautistaAsunción Bautista: She is Full Professor at the Materials Science and Engineering Department of University Carlos III of Madrid. Her area
{"title":"Influence of the early-age length change of alkali-activated slag mortars on the corrosion of embedded steel","authors":"Segundo Shagñay, Asunción Bautista, Francisco Velasco, Irene Ramón-Álvarez, Manuel Torres-Carrasco","doi":"10.1080/21650373.2023.2260794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2023.2260794","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractAlkali-activated slag (AAS) materials are one of the most promising alternatives to ordinary Portland cement (PC), as the AAS curing process does not require thermal activation, unlike the activation of other wastes. In addition, AAS exhibit lower porosity than PC, but experience shrinkage problems that can negatively affect their in-service implementation and durability. Shrinkage can directly impact the mechanical properties of AAS as well as the corrosion protection of steel reinforced structures in environments with chlorides, and be a factor affecting durability. The length change during the curing of these mortars can generate high stresses that are released through the formation of microcracks or cracks in their structure. Cracks can act as preferential diffusion paths for aggressive chloride ions and favor the corrosion of the reinforcement. The aim of the present work is to study the reduction in shrinkage that can be achieved for AAS using five different activators: NaOH 4 M, waterglass (WG) with two different SiO2/Na2O molar ratios (MR) and Na2CO3 solution without and with 10% MgO additions. The results reveal that AAS activated with Na2CO3 shows very reduced microcracking. The addition of expansive MgO completely eliminates microcracking but makes the mortar more porous. In the latter case, the pits become much smaller and potentially less dangerous than the ones appearing in the other studied mortars.HighlightsAlkali-activated slag mortars manufactured in five different ways (Na2O fixed ratio) are tested.Shrinkage behavior of mortars is related to the corrosion of the embedded steel.Cyclic immersions in NaCl favour chloride diffusion and precipitation in reinforced mortars.Pit morphologies are related to Cl- transport through cracks, microcracks or/and porosity.WG (0.8 SiO2/Na2O MR) or Na2CO3 are promising options to activate slag for carbon steel-reinforced mortars.Keywords: Alkali-activated slagshrinkagecrackingdurabilitycorrosionchlorides Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors have been able to carry out the present research thanks to financial support from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades of Spain (RTI2018-096428-B-I00 and PID2021-125810OB-C22) and the Madrid Regional Government (Comunidad de Madrid) under the Multiannual UC3M Agreement in the line of “Fostering Young Doctors’ Research” (HORATSO-CS-UC3M) within the context of the V PRICIT (Regional Programme of Research and Technological Innovation).Notes on contributorsSegundo ShagñaySegundo Shagñay: Post-doctoral researcher in Materials Science and Engineering at University Carlos III of Madrid. His work is focused on the study of durability of new ecological materials as alternatives to ordinary Portland cement.Asunción BautistaAsunción Bautista: She is Full Professor at the Materials Science and Engineering Department of University Carlos III of Madrid. Her area ","PeriodicalId":48521,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135739499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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