Sleep Health最新文献

Background: Sleep health is emerging as a public health priority due to its strong associations with several key domains of health. However, most of the existing literature are from studies located in high income settings and may not be representative of low-middle income settings. Leveraging the Modeling the Epidemiologic Transition Study, a study of cardiometabolic disease risk in five diverse African-origin populations, we explored differences in objectively measured sleep behavior across cohorts from Ghana, South Africa, Jamaica, Seychelles, and the United States.

Methods: Data from 809 participants (35-55 years old, 63% women) from the 5 Modeling the Epidemiologic Transition Study research sites were included. Objectively-measured sleep, using actigraphy, was scored according to the criteria of Patel and colleagues. For those with at least 5 nights of valid data, ecological mean sleep onset time, wake-up time, sleep duration, wake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency were examined.

Findings: Adjusted models indicate that sleep onset was earlier in all sites when compared to US (p<.005). Sleep efficiency varied by locations, being lower in participants from Ghana, South Africa, and Jamaica when compared to United States (Ghana β: -3.7, South Africa: -5.8, Jamaica: -1.3, p<.05 for all) and higher in Seychelles when compared to United States (Seychelles β: 1.6; p=.02). Women presented with shorter sleep duration but with higher sleep efficiency.

Interpretation: Sleep duration, timing (wake time, midsleep time and sleep onset), and efficiency differ by country and sex, likely driven by socio-economic settings. Understanding sleep patterns in different contexts is needed to make informed and culturally appropriate health recommendations.

Objectives: Black Americans have a high prevalence of poor sleep health. Understanding their perceptions about sleep could identify determinants of poor sleep in this population and inform culturally tailored interventions. However, qualitative data are lacking. Using focus groups, we assessed Black American adults' sleep perceptions, facilitators/barriers to sleep, beliefs about sleep recommendations, and perspectives on sleep interventions.

Methods: Participants (N=36) attended online focus groups to discuss their perceptions and knowledge about sleep. A semistructured discussion guide was used to direct the conversation. Focus group data were transcribed and analyzed using a rapid analytic approach to identify themes.

Results: Mean age of participants was 34 (SD=13.1) years, and 64% identified as women. Women and men slept less than the recommended hours of sleep (average sleep duration of 6.4 and 6.9 hours, respectively). Most participants defined healthy sleep as quality over quantity and viewed sleep as an important contributor to health and well-being. Exercise, limiting screen time, and suitable sleep environments were common perceived healthy sleep facilitators. Some participants misperceived electronic use and cosleeping, maladaptive strategies to cope with stress, as facilitators. Stress, responsibilities, electronic use, and unsuitable sleep environments were barriers. Participants wished to obtain personalized, racially tailored healthy sleep recommendations through highly accessible modes of dissemination (e.g., social media, websites).

Conclusions: The findings suggest study participants valued quality sleep. However, stress, responsibilities, and sleep-hindering behaviors may contribute to poor sleep health. Targeting stress reduction, healthy sleep behaviors, and disseminating racially tailored information through accessible modes may be useful sleep intervention strategies in this community.