Sleep Health最新文献

Objectives: This study aimed to characterize insomnia and determine its associations in a sub-Saharan African population of pregnant women.

Methods: Insomnia was assessed using the Women's Health Initiative Insomnia Scale in an antenatal clinic sample of 310 pregnant women. They were screened for anxiety and depressive symptoms using the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire and health-related quality of life was evaluated using SF-12. The participant's perception of family functioning was assessed using the Family APGAR scale. Sociodemographic, obstetric, and clinical data were collected along with blood and urine samples for hematocrit and urinary protein, respectively. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Yobe State Health Research Ethical Committee. Data analysis was performed with the SPSS software (SPSS, version 16.0), with a p value of <.05 considered statistically significant.

Results: The Women's Health Initiative Insomnia Scale identified 42.9% of our sample of pregnant women experienced insomnia. The prevalence of insomnia increased significantly from 33.7% in the second trimester to 47.1% in the third trimester. Factors independently associated with higher odds of insomnia in pregnancy were advancing gestation, poorer family functioning, having a child under 2 years, and smaller spousal age differences.

Conclusions: This study found that insomnia in pregnancy is common and is linked to advancing gestational age, short child spacing, family dysfunction, and smaller spousal age difference. The findings highlight the importance of promoting adequate child spacing and addressing family dynamics to support better sleep health in pregnant women.

Objectives: Sleep health differs across the life course and by sex, poverty-income ratio (PIR), and race and ethnicity. Monitoring sleep is important for informing interventions to improve sleep heath. Our objective was to explore and describe sleep characteristics among a nationally-representative US sample by age, sex, PIR, and race and ethnicity.

Methods: Data came from n=13,656 US residents aged 3-80 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2014). Participants wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ on their wrist for ≤7 days to assess sleep. We used GGIR (v. 3.0.0) to derive sleep duration, sleep onset, sleep midpoint, waketime, wake after sleep onset (WASO), and social jetlag. Participant characteristics were self-reported. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS v. 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) and accounted for complex sampling designs. We used Time-Varying Effect Models to model sleep by age.

Results: Sleep duration was shorter with greater age. Sleep onset, midpoint, and waketime were latest among those aged 10-30 years. Social jetlag followed a similar distribution. WASO was highest among children and was lower with greater age. Females generally slept more than males. Adults with low PIR tended to have worse sleep compared with adults with higher PIR. Compared with Non-Hispanic White adults, Hispanic, Non-Hispanic Asian, and Non-Hispanic Black adults had shorter sleep duration and higher WASO. Non-Hispanic Black adults had the highest social jetlag.

Conclusions: We described sleep health in the US, including relevant population subgroups. These findings may help prioritize public health interventions to improve sleep health.

Objectives: Circadian rest-activity rhythms (RARs) reflect ones' physical activity and sleep patterns over the 24-hour day, correlating with cardiometabolic risk, fall risk, and cognitive decline. Physical function also declines with advancing age, leading to disability and increased risk of mortality. Thus, we examined the associations between rest-activity rhythms and physical function in older men.

Methods: In the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study, 2924 men (age = 76.3±5.5 years old, 90% white) completed the sleep ancillary study (baseline) with valid wrist-worn accelerometry data and physical function measures. Physical function measures included the following: 6-meter gait speed, chair stand speed, and grip strength, assessed at baseline and up to 4 follow-up visits over 6.4±3.9 years. Using 3 approaches to quantify rest-activity rhythms (functional principal components analysis, parametric, and non-parametric approaches), we evaluated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between baseline rest-activity rhythm patterns and decline in physical function using mixed-effects models, adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and medical covariates.

Results: Less strength of rest-activity rhythm (ie, principal component 1, amplitude, and relative amplitude) and lower regularity (pseudo-F statistic) were both cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with poorer physical function, particularly with gait speed and chair stand speed. Yet, significant associations between timing-related rest-activity rhythm exposures and chair stand speed were only observed cross-sectionally. Overall, the magnitude of associations differed slightly across rest-activity rhythm estimation approaches and more substantially by physical function measures.

Conclusions: Rest-activity rhythms might be a potential risk modifiable factor to target for intervention in future studies if aiming to maintain better physical function, particularly lower extremity function.

Inadequate sleep during childhood can have a lasting negative impact on lifelong health. Children living in disadvantaged neighborhoods are more likely to be exposed to community violence, which may disrupt sleep health. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the associations between community violence and pediatric sleep health. We searched 4 electronic databases (CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed, and Embase) to identify articles that examined the associations between community violence and pediatric sleep health. We screened 2271 articles and included 29 eligible studies. Studies focused on sleep quality (n = 4), daytime sleepiness (n = 8), sleep timing (n = 4), sleep efficiency (n = 7), duration (n = 13), and sleep disturbance (n = 19). Most studies included adolescents (n = 18); others included infants (n = 1), those in early childhood (n = 2), and a wide range of ages (n = 7). Six studies were of fair quality, while 5 were of poor quality, often due to the use of measures that were not psychometrically sound and incomplete sample descriptions. Community violence exposure was consistently negatively associated with pediatric sleep health. Consistent definitions and measures of sleep and community violence are needed to promote rigor and comparisons across studies. Future studies should include infants and children under the age of 6 years and address potential risk and protective factors for sleep health. Research is needed to inform policy changes and multilevel community-based interventions to help buffer the harmful effects of community violence and promote pediatric sleep health.

Drowsy driving is a prevalent form of impaired driving at the intersection of sleep health and public safety. While drowsiness has been implicated in up to 21% of motor vehicle crash fatalities, drowsy driving is largely preventable, primarily by allowing for adequate sleep opportunity and obtaining sufficient healthy sleep. National Sleep Foundation calls for targeted actions from a broad range of community members to improve public sleep health and road safety. Combating drowsy driving requires a comprehensive and coordinated approach across drivers, educators, government policy makers, healthcare professionals, industry, labor representatives, employers, and law enforcement. Actions that can prevent drowsy driving will improve the health and safety of the nation.

Objectives: Sleep shapes population health. While substantial research has illustrated that sleep duration is stratified by racial/ethnic identification in the United States, less is known regarding how these population patterns may also vary by skin color. This is an oversight given that a burgeoning body of research has documented the association between skin color and health. The current study aims to document skin color-based disparities in sleep duration at the population level.

Methods: We analyzed the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health, n = 9114) using multinomial regression to predict differences among adults residing in the US in 2016-2018 in self-reported sleep duration between short sleep (≤6 hours per 24-hour period) and long sleep (≥9 hours per 24-hour period) relative to normal sleep (7-8 hours per 24-hour period) among a nationally representative sample of individuals from the US.

Results: Individuals with dark and to a lesser extent medium skin are at higher odds of short sleep than those with light skin. Individuals with medium and also dark skin are also at higher odds of long sleep than those with light skin. However, evidential support for racial/ethnic moderation of skin tone effects was weak. These results were generally consistent when extensive covariates were included.

Conclusions: This work stresses the importance of race/ethnicity and skin color in shaping population-level sleep patterns.

Objective: We assessed the representations of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion-related terms in the sleep health literature as an indicator of the importance of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion-related terms for sleep health research and policies.

Method: We performed a bibliometric analysis and a lexical network of these Diversity, Equity and Inclusion-related terms in previously published literature.

Results: Based on 4047 abstracts, we found 105 out of 163 DEI-related terms (63.5%). A total of 2822 (69.7%) articles had at least one Diversity, Equity and Inclusion-related term. These articles had an average of 4.7 terms per article (sd: 5.7). Interestingly, the ratio of articles containing at least one DEI-related term has risen from 61.1% in 2014 to 73.9% in 2024. On the contrary, the number of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion-related terms in each abstract remains constant over time.

Conclusion: This bibliometric and lexical network study illustrates the difficulty of making research and promoting sleep health policies without Diversity, Equity and Inclusion-related terms.

Objectives: Positive childhood experiences (PCEs), defined as positive social experiences and environments which foster healthy child development, are associated with better mental and physical health outcomes and moderate the negative effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). However, knowledge of the associations between PCEs and childhood sleep deficiency is limited. We conducted cross-sectional analyses of the 2022-2023 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) to evaluate associations between PCEs and insufficient sleep (defined as sleeping the recommended number of hours for age each weeknight).

Methods: Parents of children ages 6-17 years old (n = 56,540) reported on their child's exposure to 7 PCEs, including having a resilient and connected family, having an adult mentor, participating in after school activities or volunteering in the community, and living in a supportive and safe neighborhood. Associations between PCEs and insufficient sleep were evaluated using weighted, multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusted for sociodemographic factors.

Results: We found that PCEs had dose-dependent associations with insufficient sleep; children and adolescents exposed to higher numbers of PCEs (5-7 PCEs) had the lowest reported rate of insufficient sleep (29.5%), while those exposed to 2 or fewer PCEs had the highest rate of insufficient sleep (48.0%). Adjusted analysis confirmed that youth experiencing 5-7 PCEs had significantly lower odds of insufficient sleep relative to youth experiencing only 0-2 PCEs (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50-0.68, p<.0001). PCEs moderated associations between ACEs and insufficient sleep.

Conclusions: In conclusion, youth with greater PCEs exposure had lower prevalence rates of insufficient sleep. Furthermore, PCEs were associated with reduced prevalence of insufficient sleep among youth exposed to ACEs.

Objectives: Exposure to allergens may trigger inflammatory pathways contributing to poor sleep. We investigated the associations between indoor allergen concentrations with multiple sleep dimensions in children.

Methods: Bedroom dust aeroallergens were collected in participants' homes. The outcomes were caregiver-reported sleep-related daytime impairment and sleep disturbance (pediatric PROMIS instruments), sleep-disordered breathing (SDB; apnea-hypopnea index or oxygen desaturation index >5), and actigraphy-based short sleep (<8 hours) duration and poor sleep continuity (sleep fragmentation index > 75th percentile). Logistic regression was used to examine associations between aeroallergens (>50% detectable levels) and sleep outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders (i.e., sociodemographic, environmental, and health-related).

Results: The sample included an urban cohort of 256 children (41% Hispanic, 29% Black; 43% female) aged 6-12 years. Mouse (Mus m 1), cat (Fel d 1), and dog (Can f 1) allergens were detected in 81%, 72%, and 53% of households, respectively. Elevated mouse allergen exposure (>0.55 μg/g-75th percentile) was associated with a 2.6-fold (95% CI: 1.34, 5.03) increased odds for sleep-related daytime impairment (PROMIS T-score > 55) after adjusting for demographic factors. This association persisted after further adjusting for inflammatory-related health factors (asthma, allergic rhinitis, obesity, and environmental tobacco smoke), neighborhood disadvantage, and SDB. There was attenuation of this association with poor sleep consolidation. Associations were not observed for other allergens or other sleep outcomes.

Conclusions: Exposure to elevated mouse dust was associated with increased sleep-related daytime impairment symptoms. The role of household pest exposure as a potentially modifiable target for improving sleep health should be further studied.