Abstract Background Space maintainers are used to preserve created space caused by the premature loss of primary teeth but they may also upset the oral environment and play a role in caries formation. The current research aimed to assess the impact of removable and fixed space maintainers on salivary pH, flow rate, and the oral microflora. Methods Thirty-eight patients aged between 4 and 10 years, each of whom required a fixed (n = 19) or removable space maintainer (n = 19), were enrolled in this research. The salivary pH, saliva flow rate, salivary Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus counts were measured immediately prior to the placement of the space maintainers (baseline-T0) and during the follow-up period, at the 1st (T1), 3rd (T3), and 6th (T6) month. The Wilcoxon, Mann–Whitney U test and Friedman tests were applied for statistical analyses. Results Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus counts were significantly higher at the 6th month time period in comparison with the baseline scores for both groups (P < 0.001). The salivary pH and flow rates did not change significantly at any measurement period (P > 0.05). Conclusions Space maintainers can favour caries formation by changing the oral microflora. It is advisable to warn patients and their parents of the risks and provide motivation to perform meticulous oral hygiene.
{"title":"The effect of space maintainers on salivary pH, flow rate, and the oral microflora","authors":"Esra Kızılcı, V. Arıkan, N. Ozalp, B. Ozçelik","doi":"10.21307/aoj-2021.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/aoj-2021.028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Space maintainers are used to preserve created space caused by the premature loss of primary teeth but they may also upset the oral environment and play a role in caries formation. The current research aimed to assess the impact of removable and fixed space maintainers on salivary pH, flow rate, and the oral microflora. Methods Thirty-eight patients aged between 4 and 10 years, each of whom required a fixed (n = 19) or removable space maintainer (n = 19), were enrolled in this research. The salivary pH, saliva flow rate, salivary Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus counts were measured immediately prior to the placement of the space maintainers (baseline-T0) and during the follow-up period, at the 1st (T1), 3rd (T3), and 6th (T6) month. The Wilcoxon, Mann–Whitney U test and Friedman tests were applied for statistical analyses. Results Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus counts were significantly higher at the 6th month time period in comparison with the baseline scores for both groups (P < 0.001). The salivary pH and flow rates did not change significantly at any measurement period (P > 0.05). Conclusions Space maintainers can favour caries formation by changing the oral microflora. It is advisable to warn patients and their parents of the risks and provide motivation to perform meticulous oral hygiene.","PeriodicalId":48559,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"259 - 264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43390452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Aim To evaluate the perception of smile aesthetics and midline deviation considered by orthodontists (ORT), dentists (DT), patient’s-relatives (PR), and laypersons (LP) using an eye-tracking device and survey. Methods The study invited the participation of 42 orthodontists, 51 dentists, 50 patient-relatives, and 52 laypersons. A posed smile photograph of a female was chosen as a base image. The dental midline (DML) was digitally moved 1 mm (DML1R, DML1L), 2 mm (DML2R, DML2L), 3 mm (DML3R, DML3L), and 4 mm (DML4R, DML4L) on the base image’s right (DMLR) and left (DMLL) segments. Eight modified images were subsequently obtained. The base, modified, and repeated images were randomly arranged and uploaded into the Tobii Pro Lab software program for assessment by the participants. An eye-tracking dataset included first fixation duration (FFD), total fixation duration (TFD), and visit counts (VC). The participants also evaluated the photographs on the survey forms via a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and a Likert scale. The intra-group relations and inter-group correlations were evaluated statistically. Results The TFD for the DML2R photograph was found to be statistically significant between the assessment groups (p = 0.026). While the longest fixation time (0.93 sec) belonged to the orthodontists, it was observed that the patient relatives had the shortest fixation time (0.51 sec). The VAS score for the DML2R image was found to be highest in laypersons (p < 0.001). In general, the survey scores of the patient relatives and laypersons were higher. Conclusion The fixation time between the participant groups increased when there was a 2 mm deviation. A 2 mm shift in the DML was noticed by all participant groups and was considered unaesthetic.
{"title":"Perception of dental midline deviation and smile attractiveness by eye-tracking and aesthetic ratings","authors":"Sümeyye Aşik, Hatice Kök","doi":"10.21307/AOJ-2021-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/AOJ-2021-020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim To evaluate the perception of smile aesthetics and midline deviation considered by orthodontists (ORT), dentists (DT), patient’s-relatives (PR), and laypersons (LP) using an eye-tracking device and survey. Methods The study invited the participation of 42 orthodontists, 51 dentists, 50 patient-relatives, and 52 laypersons. A posed smile photograph of a female was chosen as a base image. The dental midline (DML) was digitally moved 1 mm (DML1R, DML1L), 2 mm (DML2R, DML2L), 3 mm (DML3R, DML3L), and 4 mm (DML4R, DML4L) on the base image’s right (DMLR) and left (DMLL) segments. Eight modified images were subsequently obtained. The base, modified, and repeated images were randomly arranged and uploaded into the Tobii Pro Lab software program for assessment by the participants. An eye-tracking dataset included first fixation duration (FFD), total fixation duration (TFD), and visit counts (VC). The participants also evaluated the photographs on the survey forms via a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and a Likert scale. The intra-group relations and inter-group correlations were evaluated statistically. Results The TFD for the DML2R photograph was found to be statistically significant between the assessment groups (p = 0.026). While the longest fixation time (0.93 sec) belonged to the orthodontists, it was observed that the patient relatives had the shortest fixation time (0.51 sec). The VAS score for the DML2R image was found to be highest in laypersons (p < 0.001). In general, the survey scores of the patient relatives and laypersons were higher. Conclusion The fixation time between the participant groups increased when there was a 2 mm deviation. A 2 mm shift in the DML was noticed by all participant groups and was considered unaesthetic.","PeriodicalId":48559,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"187 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42995122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Ciavarella, A. Campobasso, Roberta Campa, Carmela Suriano, Gaetano Illuzzi, A. Cazzolla, M. Tepedino
Abstract Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate the cephalometric effects of the elastodontic appliance (EA) in the management of patients presenting with a skeletal Class II/1 malocclusion. Methods Twenty Class II patients treated using the EA (Group EA) were compared with 20 Class II untreated children (Group C). Cephalograms were compared at the start (T0) and after 24 months (T1) after which time, skeletal, dental, and aesthetic variables were evaluated. A statistical evaluation was conducted by applying an unpaired t-test for normally distributed variables. Results From T0 to T1, the EA group showed a significant increase in lower facial height (LFH), in mandibular length (Co-Gn), in the upper incisor and cranial plane angle (1 + SN) and in the distance between a true vertical line (TVL)-soft tissue B (B’) and TVL-soft tissue Pogonion (Pog’) points. From T0 to T1, group C showed a significant decrease in SN-occlusal plane (PO) (p < 0.01), of SN-mandibular plane (Go-Me) (p < 0.01) and of total gonial (N-Go-Me) angles (p < 0.05); a significant reduction of the distance between TVL-upper incisor (1+), TVL-lower lip (Li), and TVL-Pog’ was shown. No statistical differences were observed between the groups in dental and aesthetic outcomes, except for a skeletal increase in LFH (p < 0.05) and in Co-Gn length (p < 0.05), which was statistically significant in the EA group. Conclusion In Class II growing patients, the EA induces minor skeletal effects, compared to untreated control patients.
{"title":"Cephalometric effects of the elastodontic appliance in managing skeletal Class II division 1 cases","authors":"D. Ciavarella, A. Campobasso, Roberta Campa, Carmela Suriano, Gaetano Illuzzi, A. Cazzolla, M. Tepedino","doi":"10.21307/aoj-2021.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/aoj-2021.026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate the cephalometric effects of the elastodontic appliance (EA) in the management of patients presenting with a skeletal Class II/1 malocclusion. Methods Twenty Class II patients treated using the EA (Group EA) were compared with 20 Class II untreated children (Group C). Cephalograms were compared at the start (T0) and after 24 months (T1) after which time, skeletal, dental, and aesthetic variables were evaluated. A statistical evaluation was conducted by applying an unpaired t-test for normally distributed variables. Results From T0 to T1, the EA group showed a significant increase in lower facial height (LFH), in mandibular length (Co-Gn), in the upper incisor and cranial plane angle (1 + SN) and in the distance between a true vertical line (TVL)-soft tissue B (B’) and TVL-soft tissue Pogonion (Pog’) points. From T0 to T1, group C showed a significant decrease in SN-occlusal plane (PO) (p < 0.01), of SN-mandibular plane (Go-Me) (p < 0.01) and of total gonial (N-Go-Me) angles (p < 0.05); a significant reduction of the distance between TVL-upper incisor (1+), TVL-lower lip (Li), and TVL-Pog’ was shown. No statistical differences were observed between the groups in dental and aesthetic outcomes, except for a skeletal increase in LFH (p < 0.05) and in Co-Gn length (p < 0.05), which was statistically significant in the EA group. Conclusion In Class II growing patients, the EA induces minor skeletal effects, compared to untreated control patients.","PeriodicalId":48559,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"251 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42586924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sinem İnce-Bingöl, Mediha Nur Nişancı-Yılmaz, B. Kaya
Abstract This case report presents orthodontic camouflage treatment and the correction of transposed canine-first premolar teeth in a patient who presented with a skeletal Class III and familial periodontal problem. A 28-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with generalised aggressive periodontitis was treated by scaling and root planing plus the adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics and surgical therapy prior to referral to the orthodontic department. After the progression of the disease was controlled, orthodontic treatment was commenced to correct the dental transposition by using a modified Nance-TPA appliance and sectional arch mechanics. A non-extraction orthodontic camouflage treatment was planned to eliminate the anterior crossbite and to establish a proper occlusion by closing the multiple diastemata. Treatment outcomes remained stable in the 2-year follow-up period. Severe orthodontic-periodontal problems can be successfully treated by oral hygiene motivation, an interdisciplinary approach, and the selection of appropriate biomechanics.
{"title":"Multidisciplinary management of an adult skeletal Class III patient with generalized aggressive periodontitis and canine-premolar transposition","authors":"Sinem İnce-Bingöl, Mediha Nur Nişancı-Yılmaz, B. Kaya","doi":"10.21307/AOJ-2021-022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/AOJ-2021-022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This case report presents orthodontic camouflage treatment and the correction of transposed canine-first premolar teeth in a patient who presented with a skeletal Class III and familial periodontal problem. A 28-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with generalised aggressive periodontitis was treated by scaling and root planing plus the adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics and surgical therapy prior to referral to the orthodontic department. After the progression of the disease was controlled, orthodontic treatment was commenced to correct the dental transposition by using a modified Nance-TPA appliance and sectional arch mechanics. A non-extraction orthodontic camouflage treatment was planned to eliminate the anterior crossbite and to establish a proper occlusion by closing the multiple diastemata. Treatment outcomes remained stable in the 2-year follow-up period. Severe orthodontic-periodontal problems can be successfully treated by oral hygiene motivation, an interdisciplinary approach, and the selection of appropriate biomechanics.","PeriodicalId":48559,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"165 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48859086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Booij, A. Kuijpers-Jagtman, E. Bronkhorst, F. Rangel, C. Livas, Yijin Ren, C. Katsaros, E. Ongkosuwito
Abstract Objective To investigate the cephalometric outcome and post-treatment changes following the orthodontic treatment involving the extraction of maxillary first molars in patients presenting with a Class II division 1 malocclusion. Methods A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted involving 83 patients treated by fixed appliances and the extraction of 16 and 26. The mean age at commencement was 13.2 ± 1.5 years. Lateral cephalograms were available pre-treatment (T1), immediately post-treatment (T2), and at 2.6 years post-treatment (T3). The sample was divided into hypodivergent (n = 18), normodivergent (n = 17), and hyperdivergent (n = 48) facial types. Mean increments, standard deviations, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for T2–T1 and T3–T2. Increments were tested using paired-samples t-tests, and variables between groups by applying ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Linear regression was used to examine the effect of facial type, age, and gender. Results Significant changes occurred during treatment for most cephalometric variables. Post-treatment, the growth pattern showed a tendency to return to the original form. Facial type had only a minor influence on cephalometric increments during and after treatment. Conclusions Post-treatment skeletal, soft tissue, and dentoalveolar changes were limited. Facial type had only a minor influence during and after treatment and care must be taken to control lower incisor inclination.
{"title":"Class II division 1 malocclusion treatment with extraction of maxillary first permanent molars: cephalometric evaluation of treatment and post-treatment changes","authors":"J. Booij, A. Kuijpers-Jagtman, E. Bronkhorst, F. Rangel, C. Livas, Yijin Ren, C. Katsaros, E. Ongkosuwito","doi":"10.21307/aoj-2021.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/aoj-2021.032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective To investigate the cephalometric outcome and post-treatment changes following the orthodontic treatment involving the extraction of maxillary first molars in patients presenting with a Class II division 1 malocclusion. Methods A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted involving 83 patients treated by fixed appliances and the extraction of 16 and 26. The mean age at commencement was 13.2 ± 1.5 years. Lateral cephalograms were available pre-treatment (T1), immediately post-treatment (T2), and at 2.6 years post-treatment (T3). The sample was divided into hypodivergent (n = 18), normodivergent (n = 17), and hyperdivergent (n = 48) facial types. Mean increments, standard deviations, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for T2–T1 and T3–T2. Increments were tested using paired-samples t-tests, and variables between groups by applying ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Linear regression was used to examine the effect of facial type, age, and gender. Results Significant changes occurred during treatment for most cephalometric variables. Post-treatment, the growth pattern showed a tendency to return to the original form. Facial type had only a minor influence on cephalometric increments during and after treatment. Conclusions Post-treatment skeletal, soft tissue, and dentoalveolar changes were limited. Facial type had only a minor influence during and after treatment and care must be taken to control lower incisor inclination.","PeriodicalId":48559,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"294 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46855167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Using a new polyolefin material without impressions and models, fifty-two mouthguards were fabricated at chairside by a dental professional. Patient acceptance, operator assessment, mouthguard retention and fabrication time were assessed. The study demonstrated the practicality of custom-made mouthguard fabrication over fixed orthodontic appliances and recommends the procedure as a useful adjunct to orthodontic practice.
{"title":"The clinical fabrication of polyolefin mouthguards formed over fixed orthodontic appliances","authors":"B. Westerman, Michael Kerr, M. Tod","doi":"10.21307/aoj-2021.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/aoj-2021.042","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Using a new polyolefin material without impressions and models, fifty-two mouthguards were fabricated at chairside by a dental professional. Patient acceptance, operator assessment, mouthguard retention and fabrication time were assessed. The study demonstrated the practicality of custom-made mouthguard fabrication over fixed orthodontic appliances and recommends the procedure as a useful adjunct to orthodontic practice.","PeriodicalId":48559,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"362 - 366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45082551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of lateral incisor root resorption associated with impacted maxillary canines and determine predisposing factors that may be used to predict its occurrence. Methods Cone beam computerised tomographic images of 133 patients presenting with 186 impacted canines were examined for lateral incisor root resorption. A control sample consisted of 30 lateral incisors on the side of the non-impacted canine. The studied canine-associated variables were gender, type of impaction, location of the canine both meso-distally and vertically and the long axis angulation to the midline. Axial images were primarily used to diagnose resorption. Results The estimated percentage of lateral root resorption in the sample was 17% (range 11.8– 23.9%) confirmed at a 95% confidence interval. A significant association was observed between the level of overlap of the canine across the lateral incisor, measured in sectors, and the probability of lateral incisor root resorption. The probability approximately doubled for each additional sector of canine overlap. No other significant association was noted related to all the other variables examined. Conclusions The incidence of lateral incisor root resorption associated with impacted maxillary canines was lower in the present study compared with many previous reports. However, resorption remains a common clinical finding. In order to screen for lateral incisor resorption, it is recommended that a cone beam image be prescribed when there is a mesial overlap of an impacted canine across the lateral incisor midline.
{"title":"Incidence of lateral incisor root resorption associated with impacted maxillary canines","authors":"J. Lipshatz, R. Ptasznik, Shmuli Wenig","doi":"10.21307/aoj-2021.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/aoj-2021.039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of lateral incisor root resorption associated with impacted maxillary canines and determine predisposing factors that may be used to predict its occurrence. Methods Cone beam computerised tomographic images of 133 patients presenting with 186 impacted canines were examined for lateral incisor root resorption. A control sample consisted of 30 lateral incisors on the side of the non-impacted canine. The studied canine-associated variables were gender, type of impaction, location of the canine both meso-distally and vertically and the long axis angulation to the midline. Axial images were primarily used to diagnose resorption. Results The estimated percentage of lateral root resorption in the sample was 17% (range 11.8– 23.9%) confirmed at a 95% confidence interval. A significant association was observed between the level of overlap of the canine across the lateral incisor, measured in sectors, and the probability of lateral incisor root resorption. The probability approximately doubled for each additional sector of canine overlap. No other significant association was noted related to all the other variables examined. Conclusions The incidence of lateral incisor root resorption associated with impacted maxillary canines was lower in the present study compared with many previous reports. However, resorption remains a common clinical finding. In order to screen for lateral incisor resorption, it is recommended that a cone beam image be prescribed when there is a mesial overlap of an impacted canine across the lateral incisor midline.","PeriodicalId":48559,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"352 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43812619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Alrebdi, D. Ericson, S. Qasim, Ahmad Albahoth, Abdulelah Al-Sulimani, J. Baskaradoss
Abstract Objectives To systematically review the effectiveness of 5% sodium fluoride varnish (FV) in the treatment of orthodontically-induced white spot lesions (WSLs). Methods A literature search of three independent databases (Medline, Cochrane Library and Web of Science) was performed from inception to November 2020. This systematic review included randomised/quasi-randomised clinical trials (RCTs) that used FV for patients who had at least one WSL as a result of fixed orthodontic treatment. Exclusion criteria were split-mouth study designs or studies that failed to report WSLs as the outcome variable or studies with less than 3 months follow-up. An Inverse-Variance fixed-effect method was performed for continuous variables. Changes in the mean difference (MD) for the DIAGNOdent (DD) scores following FV application were calculated at the 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Three of the four included studies showed significant improvement in the remineralisation of WSL after treatment with FV in comparison to control subjects. Three studies were conducted on patients after fixed orthodontic treatment and one study was conducted during treatment. The studies included a total of 284 participants with the majority in the age range of 10 to 25 years. The distribution of the participants was approximately equal in the FV and control group. When compared with the control group, there was a statistically significant reduction in the mean DD readings for the FV group at the 3-month (MD = -3.43; 95% CI: -4.72 to -2.15; p < 0.001) and at the 6-month (MD = -4.47; 95% CI: -4.72 to -2.15; p < 0.001) follow-up visit. Conclusions Although few studies have shown the effectiveness of FV application in the treatment of orthodontically-induced WSLs, the limited number of robust clinical trials, makes it difficult to draw a definitive conclusion.
{"title":"Efficacy of fluoride varnish in treating orthodontically-induced white spot lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"A. Alrebdi, D. Ericson, S. Qasim, Ahmad Albahoth, Abdulelah Al-Sulimani, J. Baskaradoss","doi":"10.21307/AOJ-2021-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/AOJ-2021-016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives To systematically review the effectiveness of 5% sodium fluoride varnish (FV) in the treatment of orthodontically-induced white spot lesions (WSLs). Methods A literature search of three independent databases (Medline, Cochrane Library and Web of Science) was performed from inception to November 2020. This systematic review included randomised/quasi-randomised clinical trials (RCTs) that used FV for patients who had at least one WSL as a result of fixed orthodontic treatment. Exclusion criteria were split-mouth study designs or studies that failed to report WSLs as the outcome variable or studies with less than 3 months follow-up. An Inverse-Variance fixed-effect method was performed for continuous variables. Changes in the mean difference (MD) for the DIAGNOdent (DD) scores following FV application were calculated at the 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Three of the four included studies showed significant improvement in the remineralisation of WSL after treatment with FV in comparison to control subjects. Three studies were conducted on patients after fixed orthodontic treatment and one study was conducted during treatment. The studies included a total of 284 participants with the majority in the age range of 10 to 25 years. The distribution of the participants was approximately equal in the FV and control group. When compared with the control group, there was a statistically significant reduction in the mean DD readings for the FV group at the 3-month (MD = -3.43; 95% CI: -4.72 to -2.15; p < 0.001) and at the 6-month (MD = -4.47; 95% CI: -4.72 to -2.15; p < 0.001) follow-up visit. Conclusions Although few studies have shown the effectiveness of FV application in the treatment of orthodontically-induced WSLs, the limited number of robust clinical trials, makes it difficult to draw a definitive conclusion.","PeriodicalId":48559,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"147 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46794153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract It is widely accepted that the prevalence of metal hypersensitivity is increasing. Furthermore, the incidence of unerupted mandibular second molars is 2.3%, of which 0.2% is judged to be a result of impaction. While it is becoming more common to treat impacted mandibular second molars in daily clinical practice, metal hypersensitive patients presenting with unerupted molars are less frequently encountered. There have been no previous reports of patients who required mandibular molar traction and who also suffered from metal hypersensitivity. Therefore, this is the first case report to describe the long-term stability of mandibular second molar dis-impaction, leading to high level of patient satisfaction.
{"title":"Treatment of mandibular second molar impaction in a patient with metal hypersensitivity","authors":"Y. Takehana, Yasunori Miyauchi, Toru Kageyama","doi":"10.21307/aoj-2021.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/aoj-2021.034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is widely accepted that the prevalence of metal hypersensitivity is increasing. Furthermore, the incidence of unerupted mandibular second molars is 2.3%, of which 0.2% is judged to be a result of impaction. While it is becoming more common to treat impacted mandibular second molars in daily clinical practice, metal hypersensitive patients presenting with unerupted molars are less frequently encountered. There have been no previous reports of patients who required mandibular molar traction and who also suffered from metal hypersensitivity. Therefore, this is the first case report to describe the long-term stability of mandibular second molar dis-impaction, leading to high level of patient satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":48559,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"313 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46198985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of Hawley and vacuum-formed retainer (VFR) usage protocols on post-treatment stability. Methods: The inclusion criteria included patients who initially presented with mild or moderate pretreatment crowding and a Class I or Class II malocclusion. The retention protocols were defined as Group 1: Hawley retainers, 12 months full-time wear; Group 2: Hawley retainers, six months full-time, six months night-only wear; Group 3: VFR, 12 months full-time wear; Group 4: VFR, six months full-time, six months night-only wear. Study models were taken prior to treatment (T0), after debonding (T1), six months after debonding (T2), and 12 months after debonding (T3). Little’s irregularity index, intercanine and intermolar widths, arch length, overjet and overbite were measured. Repeated measure ANOVA with one-fixed factor, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis or Welch’s heteroscedastic F-test, were applied. Results: Fifty-eight patients were analysed at T2, and 52 patients at T3. There was no significant difference between the effectiveness of a Hawley appliance or VFRs on arch stability after six months. The intercanine width changes from the sixth to 12th month of retention showed a significant difference (p = 0.016) between Group 2 (-0.38 ± 0.58 mm) and Group 3 (0.39 ± 0.94 mm). Conclusions: Different wearing regimens of a Hawley appliance or VFR retainers did not reveal any difference determined by Little’s irregularity index. Full-time usage of VFRs provided better intercanine width retention than night-only Hawley retainer wear in the maxillary arch.
{"title":"The effectiveness of Hawley and vacuum-formed retainer usage protocols on the stability of fixed orthodontic treatment results","authors":"Hande Gorucu-Coskuner, Ezgi Atik, T. Taner","doi":"10.21307/AOJ-2021-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21307/AOJ-2021-007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of Hawley and vacuum-formed retainer (VFR) usage protocols on post-treatment stability. Methods: The inclusion criteria included patients who initially presented with mild or moderate pretreatment crowding and a Class I or Class II malocclusion. The retention protocols were defined as Group 1: Hawley retainers, 12 months full-time wear; Group 2: Hawley retainers, six months full-time, six months night-only wear; Group 3: VFR, 12 months full-time wear; Group 4: VFR, six months full-time, six months night-only wear. Study models were taken prior to treatment (T0), after debonding (T1), six months after debonding (T2), and 12 months after debonding (T3). Little’s irregularity index, intercanine and intermolar widths, arch length, overjet and overbite were measured. Repeated measure ANOVA with one-fixed factor, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis or Welch’s heteroscedastic F-test, were applied. Results: Fifty-eight patients were analysed at T2, and 52 patients at T3. There was no significant difference between the effectiveness of a Hawley appliance or VFRs on arch stability after six months. The intercanine width changes from the sixth to 12th month of retention showed a significant difference (p = 0.016) between Group 2 (-0.38 ± 0.58 mm) and Group 3 (0.39 ± 0.94 mm). Conclusions: Different wearing regimens of a Hawley appliance or VFR retainers did not reveal any difference determined by Little’s irregularity index. Full-time usage of VFRs provided better intercanine width retention than night-only Hawley retainer wear in the maxillary arch.","PeriodicalId":48559,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"69 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49363021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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