We show ideal convergence ($ I $-convergence), ideal Cauchy ($ I $-Cauchy) sequences, $ I^* $-convergence and $ I^* $-Cauchy sequences for double sequences in fuzzy metric spaces. We define the $ I $-limit and $ I $-cluster points of a double sequence in these spaces. Afterward, we provide certain fundamental properties of the aspects. Lastly, we discuss whether the phenomena should be further investigated.
给出了模糊度量空间中二重序列的理想收敛($ I $-收敛)、理想柯西($ I $-柯西)序列、$ I^* $-收敛和$ I^* $-柯西序列。我们在这些空间中定义了双序列的$ I $-极限点和$ I $-聚类点。之后,我们提供了这些方面的一些基本属性。最后,我们讨论了是否应该进一步研究这种现象。</p></abstract>
{"title":"Double sequences with ideal convergence in fuzzy metric spaces","authors":"Aykut Or","doi":"10.3934/math.20231437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/math.20231437","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract><p>We show ideal convergence ($ I $-convergence), ideal Cauchy ($ I $-Cauchy) sequences, $ I^* $-convergence and $ I^* $-Cauchy sequences for double sequences in fuzzy metric spaces. We define the $ I $-limit and $ I $-cluster points of a double sequence in these spaces. Afterward, we provide certain fundamental properties of the aspects. Lastly, we discuss whether the phenomena should be further investigated.</p></abstract>","PeriodicalId":48562,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Mathematics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136303908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article studies $ H_infty $ control as well as adaptive robust control issues on the predefined time of nonlinear time-delay systems with different power Hamiltonian functions. First, for such Hamiltonian systems with external disturbance and delay phenomenon, we construct the appropriate Lyapunov function and Hamiltonian function of different powers. Then, a predefined-time $ H_infty $ control approach is presented to stabilize the systems within a predefined time. Furthermore, when considering nonlinear Hamiltonian system with unidentified disturbance, parameter uncertainty and delay, we devise a predefined-time adaptive robust strategy to ensure that the systems reach equilibrium within one predefined time and have better resistance to disturbance and uncertainty. Finally, the validity of the results is verified with a river pollution control system example.
{"title":"Adaptive predefined-time robust control for nonlinear time-delay systems with different power Hamiltonian functions","authors":"Shutong Liu, Renming Yang","doi":"10.3934/math.20231441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/math.20231441","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract><p>The article studies $ H_infty $ control as well as adaptive robust control issues on the predefined time of nonlinear time-delay systems with different power Hamiltonian functions. First, for such Hamiltonian systems with external disturbance and delay phenomenon, we construct the appropriate Lyapunov function and Hamiltonian function of different powers. Then, a predefined-time $ H_infty $ control approach is presented to stabilize the systems within a predefined time. Furthermore, when considering nonlinear Hamiltonian system with unidentified disturbance, parameter uncertainty and delay, we devise a predefined-time adaptive robust strategy to ensure that the systems reach equilibrium within one predefined time and have better resistance to disturbance and uncertainty. Finally, the validity of the results is verified with a river pollution control system example.</p></abstract>","PeriodicalId":48562,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Mathematics","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136307206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We provide a number of sharp inequalities involving the usual operator norms of Hilbert space operators and powers of the numerical radii. Based on the traditional convexity inequalities for nonnegative real numbers and some generalize earlier numerical radius inequalities, operator. Precisely, we prove that if $ {bf A}_i, {bf B}_i, {bf X}_iin mathcal{B}(mathcal{H}) $ ($ i = 1, 2, cdots, n $), $ min mathbb N $, $ p, q > 1 $ with $ frac{1}{p}+frac{1}{q} = 1 $ and $ phi $ and $ psi $ are non-negative functions on $ [0, infty) $ which are continuous such that $ phi(t)psi(t) = t $ for all $ t in [0, infty) $, then
<abstract><p>We provide a number of sharp inequalities involving the usual operator norms of Hilbert space operators and powers of the numerical radii. Based on the traditional convexity inequalities for nonnegative real numbers and some generalize earlier numerical radius inequalities, operator. Precisely, we prove that if $ {bf A}_i, {bf B}_i, {bf X}_iin mathcal{B}(mathcal{H}) $ ($ i = 1, 2, cdots, n $), $ min mathbb N $, $ p, q > 1 $ with $ frac{1}{p}+frac{1}{q} = 1 $ and $ phi $ and $ psi $ are non-negative functions on $ [0, infty) $ which are continuous such that $ phi(t)psi(t) = t $ for all $ t in [0, infty) $, then</p> <p><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE1"> begin{document}$ begin{equation*} w^{2r}left({sumlimits_{i = 1}^{n} {bf X}_i {bf A}_i^m {bf B}_i}right)leq frac{n^{2r-1}}{m}sumlimits_{j = 1}^{m}leftVert{sumlimits_{i = 1}^{n}frac{1}{p}S_{i, j}^{pr}+frac{1}{q}T_{i, j}^{qr}}rightVert-r_0inflimits_{leftVert{xi}rightVert = 1}rho(xi), end{equation*} $end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p> <p>where $ r_0 = min{frac{1}{p}, frac{1}{q}} $, $ S_{i, j} = {bf X}_iphi^2left({leftvert{ {bf A}_i^{j*}}rightvert}right) {bf X}_i^* $, $ T_{i, j} = left({ {bf A}_i^{m-j} {bf B}_i}right)^*psi^2left({leftvert{ {bf A}_i^j}rightvert}right) {bf A}_i^{m-j} {bf B}_i $ and</p> <p><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE2"> begin{document}$ rho(xi) = frac{n^{2r-1}}{m}sumlimits_{j = 1}^{m}sumlimits_{i = 1}^{n}left({left<{S_{i, j}^rxi, xi}right>^{frac{p}{2}}-left<{T_{i, j}^rxi, xi}right>^{frac{q}{2}}}right)^2. $end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p> </abstract>
{"title":"An estimate for the numerical radius of the Hilbert space operators and a numerical radius inequality","authors":"Mohammad H. M. Rashid, Feras Bani-Ahmad","doi":"10.3934/math.20231347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/math.20231347","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract><p>We provide a number of sharp inequalities involving the usual operator norms of Hilbert space operators and powers of the numerical radii. Based on the traditional convexity inequalities for nonnegative real numbers and some generalize earlier numerical radius inequalities, operator. Precisely, we prove that if $ {bf A}_i, {bf B}_i, {bf X}_iin mathcal{B}(mathcal{H}) $ ($ i = 1, 2, cdots, n $), $ min mathbb N $, $ p, q &gt; 1 $ with $ frac{1}{p}+frac{1}{q} = 1 $ and $ phi $ and $ psi $ are non-negative functions on $ [0, infty) $ which are continuous such that $ phi(t)psi(t) = t $ for all $ t in [0, infty) $, then</p> <p><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id=\"FE1\"> begin{document}$ begin{equation*} w^{2r}left({sumlimits_{i = 1}^{n} {bf X}_i {bf A}_i^m {bf B}_i}right)leq frac{n^{2r-1}}{m}sumlimits_{j = 1}^{m}leftVert{sumlimits_{i = 1}^{n}frac{1}{p}S_{i, j}^{pr}+frac{1}{q}T_{i, j}^{qr}}rightVert-r_0inflimits_{leftVert{xi}rightVert = 1}rho(xi), end{equation*} $end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p> <p>where $ r_0 = min{frac{1}{p}, frac{1}{q}} $, $ S_{i, j} = {bf X}_iphi^2left({leftvert{ {bf A}_i^{j*}}rightvert}right) {bf X}_i^* $, $ T_{i, j} = left({ {bf A}_i^{m-j} {bf B}_i}right)^*psi^2left({leftvert{ {bf A}_i^j}rightvert}right) {bf A}_i^{m-j} {bf B}_i $ and</p> <p><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id=\"FE2\"> begin{document}$ rho(xi) = frac{n^{2r-1}}{m}sumlimits_{j = 1}^{m}sumlimits_{i = 1}^{n}left({left&lt;{S_{i, j}^rxi, xi}right&gt;^{frac{p}{2}}-left&lt;{T_{i, j}^rxi, xi}right&gt;^{frac{q}{2}}}right)^2. $end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p> </abstract>","PeriodicalId":48562,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Mathematics","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135496215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shakir Ali, Amal S. Alali, Sharifah K. Said Husain, Vaishali Varshney
Let $ mathfrak{S} $ be a ring. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the structure of quotient rings, which are represented as $ mathfrak{S}/mathfrak{P} $, where $ mathfrak{S} $ is an arbitrary ring and $ mathfrak{P} $ is a prime ideal of $ mathfrak{S} $. The paper aims to establish a link between the structure of these rings and the behaviour of traces of symmetric $ n $-derivations satisfying some algebraic identities involving prime ideals of an arbitrary ring $ mathfrak{S} $. Moreover, as an application of the main result, we investigate the structure of the quotient ring $ mathfrak{S}/mathfrak{P} $ and traces of symmetric $ n $-derivations.
<abstract>< >设$ mathfrak{S} $是一个环。本文的主要目的是分析商环的结构,商环表示为$ mathfrak{S}/mathfrak{P} $,其中$ mathfrak{S} $是一个任意环,$ mathfrak{P} $是$ mathfrak{S} $的素理想。本文的目的是建立这些环的结构与满足涉及任意环的素数理想的代数恒等式的对称$ n $-导数的迹的性质之间的联系。此外,作为主要结果的一个应用,我们研究了商环$ mathfrak{S}/mathfrak{P} $的结构和对称$ n $-派生的迹。</p></abstract>
{"title":"Symmetric $ n $-derivations on prime ideals with applications","authors":"Shakir Ali, Amal S. Alali, Sharifah K. Said Husain, Vaishali Varshney","doi":"10.3934/math.20231410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/math.20231410","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract><p>Let $ mathfrak{S} $ be a ring. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the structure of quotient rings, which are represented as $ mathfrak{S}/mathfrak{P} $, where $ mathfrak{S} $ is an arbitrary ring and $ mathfrak{P} $ is a prime ideal of $ mathfrak{S} $. The paper aims to establish a link between the structure of these rings and the behaviour of traces of symmetric $ n $-derivations satisfying some algebraic identities involving prime ideals of an arbitrary ring $ mathfrak{S} $. Moreover, as an application of the main result, we investigate the structure of the quotient ring $ mathfrak{S}/mathfrak{P} $ and traces of symmetric $ n $-derivations.</p></abstract>","PeriodicalId":48562,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Mathematics","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135784234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sondess B. Aoun, Nabil Derbel, Houssem Jerbi, Theodore E. Simos, Spyridon D. Mourtas, Vasilios N. Katsikis
Dynamic Sylvester equation (DSE) problems have drawn a lot of interest from academics due to its importance in science and engineering. Due to this, the quest for the quaternion DSE (QDSE) solution is the subject of this work. This is accomplished using the zeroing neural network (ZNN) technique, which has achieved considerable success in tackling time-varying issues. Keeping in mind that the original ZNN can handle QDSE successfully in a noise-free environment, but it might not work in a noisy one, and the noise-resilient ZNN (NZNN) technique is also utilized. In light of that, one new ZNN model is introduced to solve the QDSE problem and one new NZNN model is introduced to solve the QDSE problem under different types of noises. Two simulation experiments and one application to control of the sine function memristor (SFM) chaotic system show that the models function superbly.
{"title":"A quaternion Sylvester equation solver through noise-resilient zeroing neural networks with application to control the SFM chaotic system","authors":"Sondess B. Aoun, Nabil Derbel, Houssem Jerbi, Theodore E. Simos, Spyridon D. Mourtas, Vasilios N. Katsikis","doi":"10.3934/math.20231401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/math.20231401","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract><p>Dynamic Sylvester equation (DSE) problems have drawn a lot of interest from academics due to its importance in science and engineering. Due to this, the quest for the quaternion DSE (QDSE) solution is the subject of this work. This is accomplished using the zeroing neural network (ZNN) technique, which has achieved considerable success in tackling time-varying issues. Keeping in mind that the original ZNN can handle QDSE successfully in a noise-free environment, but it might not work in a noisy one, and the noise-resilient ZNN (NZNN) technique is also utilized. In light of that, one new ZNN model is introduced to solve the QDSE problem and one new NZNN model is introduced to solve the QDSE problem under different types of noises. Two simulation experiments and one application to control of the sine function memristor (SFM) chaotic system show that the models function superbly.</p></abstract>","PeriodicalId":48562,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Mathematics","volume":"60 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135798311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper considers the effects of fractional derivative with a high degree of accuracy in the boundary conditions for the transmission problem. It is shown that the existence and uniqueness of the solutions for the transmission problem in a bounded domain with a boundary condition given by a fractional term in the second equation are guaranteed by using the semigroup theory. Under an appropriate assumptions on the transmission conditions and boundary conditions, we also discuss the exponential and strong stability of solution by also introducing the theory of semigroups.
{"title":"Global existence and energy decay for a transmission problem under a boundary fractional derivative type","authors":"Noureddine Bahri, Abderrahmane Beniani, Abdelkader Braik, Svetlin G. Georgiev, Zayd Hajjej, Khaled Zennir","doi":"10.3934/math.20231412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/math.20231412","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract><p>The paper considers the effects of fractional derivative with a high degree of accuracy in the boundary conditions for the transmission problem. It is shown that the existence and uniqueness of the solutions for the transmission problem in a bounded domain with a boundary condition given by a fractional term in the second equation are guaranteed by using the semigroup theory. Under an appropriate assumptions on the transmission conditions and boundary conditions, we also discuss the exponential and strong stability of solution by also introducing the theory of semigroups.</p></abstract>","PeriodicalId":48562,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Mathematics","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135800132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper introduces the Lagrange collocation method with radial basis functions (LRBF) as a novel approach to solving 1D partial differential equations. Our method addresses the trade-off principle, which is a key challenge in standard RBF collocation methods, by maintaining the accuracy and convergence of the numerical solution, while improving the stability and efficiency. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the numerical solution for specific differential operators, such as the Laplacian operator, and for positive definite RBFs. Additionally, we introduce a perturbation into the main matrix, thereby developing the perturbed LRBF method (PLRBF); this allows for the application of Cholesky decomposition, which significantly reduces the condition number of the matrix to its square root, resulting in the CPLRBF method. In return, this enables us to choose a large value for the shape parameter without compromising stability and accuracy, provided that the perturbation is carefully selected. By doing so, highly accurate solutions can be achieved at an early level, significantly reducing central processing unit (CPU) time. Furthermore, to overcome stagnation issues in the RBF collocation method, we combine LRBF and CPLRBF with multilevel techniques and obtain the Multilevel PLRBF (MuCPLRBF) technique. We illustrate the stability, accuracy, convergence, and efficiency of the presented methods in numerical experiments with a 1D Poisson equation. Although our approach is presented for 1D, we expect to be able to extend it to higher dimensions in future work.
{"title":"Lagrange radial basis function collocation method for boundary value problems in $ 1 $D","authors":"Kawther Al Arfaj, Jeremy Levesly","doi":"10.3934/math.20231409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/math.20231409","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract><p>This paper introduces the Lagrange collocation method with radial basis functions (LRBF) as a novel approach to solving 1D partial differential equations. Our method addresses the trade-off principle, which is a key challenge in standard RBF collocation methods, by maintaining the accuracy and convergence of the numerical solution, while improving the stability and efficiency. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the numerical solution for specific differential operators, such as the Laplacian operator, and for positive definite RBFs. Additionally, we introduce a perturbation into the main matrix, thereby developing the perturbed LRBF method (PLRBF); this allows for the application of Cholesky decomposition, which significantly reduces the condition number of the matrix to its square root, resulting in the CPLRBF method. In return, this enables us to choose a large value for the shape parameter without compromising stability and accuracy, provided that the perturbation is carefully selected. By doing so, highly accurate solutions can be achieved at an early level, significantly reducing central processing unit (CPU) time. Furthermore, to overcome stagnation issues in the RBF collocation method, we combine LRBF and CPLRBF with multilevel techniques and obtain the Multilevel PLRBF (MuCPLRBF) technique. We illustrate the stability, accuracy, convergence, and efficiency of the presented methods in numerical experiments with a 1D Poisson equation. Although our approach is presented for 1D, we expect to be able to extend it to higher dimensions in future work.</p></abstract>","PeriodicalId":48562,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Mathematics","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135801093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Malik, I. Sulaiman, A. Abubakar, Gianinna Ardaneswari, Sukono
The conjugate gradient (CG) method is an optimization method, which, in its application, has a fast convergence. Until now, many CG methods have been developed to improve computational performance and have been applied to real-world problems. In this paper, a new hybrid three-term CG method is proposed for solving unconstrained optimization problems. The search direction is a three-term hybrid form of the Hestenes-Stiefel (HS) and the Polak-Ribiére-Polyak (PRP) CG coefficients, and it satisfies the sufficient descent condition. In addition, the global convergence properties of the proposed method will also be proved under the weak Wolfe line search. By using several test functions, numerical results show that the proposed method is most efficient compared to some of the existing methods. In addition, the proposed method is used in practical application problems for image restoration and portfolio selection.
共轭梯度法(CG)是一种优化方法,在应用中收敛速度快。到目前为止,已经开发了许多CG方法来提高计算性能,并已应用于现实世界的问题。本文提出了一种新的求解无约束优化问题的混合三项CG方法。搜索方向是Hestenes-Stiefel (HS)和polak - ribi - polyak (PRP) CG系数的三项混合形式,满足充分下降条件。此外,还证明了该方法在弱Wolfe线搜索下的全局收敛性。通过几个测试函数,数值结果表明,与现有的一些方法相比,所提出的方法是最有效的。此外,该方法还用于图像恢复和组合选择等实际应用问题。
{"title":"A new family of hybrid three-term conjugate gradient method for unconstrained optimization with application to image restoration and portfolio selection","authors":"M. Malik, I. Sulaiman, A. Abubakar, Gianinna Ardaneswari, Sukono","doi":"10.3934/math.2023001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/math.2023001","url":null,"abstract":"The conjugate gradient (CG) method is an optimization method, which, in its application, has a fast convergence. Until now, many CG methods have been developed to improve computational performance and have been applied to real-world problems. In this paper, a new hybrid three-term CG method is proposed for solving unconstrained optimization problems. The search direction is a three-term hybrid form of the Hestenes-Stiefel (HS) and the Polak-Ribiére-Polyak (PRP) CG coefficients, and it satisfies the sufficient descent condition. In addition, the global convergence properties of the proposed method will also be proved under the weak Wolfe line search. By using several test functions, numerical results show that the proposed method is most efficient compared to some of the existing methods. In addition, the proposed method is used in practical application problems for image restoration and portfolio selection.","PeriodicalId":48562,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Mathematics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70147495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, the ADI-FDTD method with fourth-order accuracy in time for the 2-D Maxwell's equations without sources and charges is proposed. We mainly focus on energy analysis of the proposed ADI-FDTD method. By using the energy method, we derive the numerical energy identity of the ADI-FDTD method and show that the ADI-FDTD method is approximately energy-preserving. In comparison with the energy in theory, the numerical one has two perturbation terms and can be used in computation in order to keep it approximately energy-preserving. Numerical experiments are given to show the performance of the proposed ADI-FDTD method which confirm the theoretical results.
{"title":"Energy analysis of the ADI-FDTD method with fourth-order accuracy in time for Maxwell's equations","authors":"Li Zhang, Maohua Ran, Han Zhang","doi":"10.3934/math.2023012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/math.2023012","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the ADI-FDTD method with fourth-order accuracy in time for the 2-D Maxwell's equations without sources and charges is proposed. We mainly focus on energy analysis of the proposed ADI-FDTD method. By using the energy method, we derive the numerical energy identity of the ADI-FDTD method and show that the ADI-FDTD method is approximately energy-preserving. In comparison with the energy in theory, the numerical one has two perturbation terms and can be used in computation in order to keep it approximately energy-preserving. Numerical experiments are given to show the performance of the proposed ADI-FDTD method which confirm the theoretical results.","PeriodicalId":48562,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Mathematics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70148268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Siddique, Yasir Khan, Muhammad Nadeem, J. Awrejcewicz, M. Bilal
This investigation presents the fuzzy nanoparticle volume fraction on heat transfer of second-grade hybrid $ {text{A}}{{text{l}}_{text{2}}}{{text{O}}_{text{3}}}{text{ + Cu/EO}} $ nanofluid over a stretching/shrinking Riga wedge under the contribution of heat source, stagnation point, and nonlinear thermal radiation. Also, this inquiry includes flow simulations using modified Hartmann number, boundary wall slip and heat convective boundary condition. Engine oil is used as the host fluid and two distinct nanomaterials ($ {text{Cu}} $ and $ {text{A}}{{text{l}}_{text{2}}}{{text{O}}_{text{3}}} $) are used as nanoparticles. The associated nonlinear governing PDEs are intended to be reduced into ODEs using suitable transformations. After that 'bvp4c, ' a MATLAB technique is used to compute the solution of said problem. For validation, the current findings are consistent with those previously published. The temperature of the hybrid nanofluid rises significantly more quickly than the temperature of the second-grade fluid, for larger values of the wedge angle parameter, the volume percentage of nanomaterials. For improvements to the wedge angle and Hartmann parameter, the skin friction factor improves. Also, for the comparison of nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids through membership function (MF), the nanoparticle volume fraction is taken as a triangular fuzzy number (TFN) in this work. Membership function and $ sigma {text{ - cut}} $ are controlled TFN which ranges from 0 to 1. According to the fuzzy analysis, the hybrid nanofluid gives a more heat transfer rate as compared to nanofluids. Heat transfer and boundary layer flow at wedges have recently received a lot of attention due to several metallurgical and engineering physical applications such as continuous casting, metal extrusion, wire drawing, plastic, hot rolling, crystal growing, fibreglass and paper manufacturing.
{"title":"Significance of heat transfer for second-grade fuzzy hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching/shrinking Riga wedge","authors":"I. Siddique, Yasir Khan, Muhammad Nadeem, J. Awrejcewicz, M. Bilal","doi":"10.3934/math.2023014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/math.2023014","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation presents the fuzzy nanoparticle volume fraction on heat transfer of second-grade hybrid $ {text{A}}{{text{l}}_{text{2}}}{{text{O}}_{text{3}}}{text{ + Cu/EO}} $ nanofluid over a stretching/shrinking Riga wedge under the contribution of heat source, stagnation point, and nonlinear thermal radiation. Also, this inquiry includes flow simulations using modified Hartmann number, boundary wall slip and heat convective boundary condition. Engine oil is used as the host fluid and two distinct nanomaterials ($ {text{Cu}} $ and $ {text{A}}{{text{l}}_{text{2}}}{{text{O}}_{text{3}}} $) are used as nanoparticles. The associated nonlinear governing PDEs are intended to be reduced into ODEs using suitable transformations. After that 'bvp4c, ' a MATLAB technique is used to compute the solution of said problem. For validation, the current findings are consistent with those previously published. The temperature of the hybrid nanofluid rises significantly more quickly than the temperature of the second-grade fluid, for larger values of the wedge angle parameter, the volume percentage of nanomaterials. For improvements to the wedge angle and Hartmann parameter, the skin friction factor improves. Also, for the comparison of nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids through membership function (MF), the nanoparticle volume fraction is taken as a triangular fuzzy number (TFN) in this work. Membership function and $ sigma {text{ - cut}} $ are controlled TFN which ranges from 0 to 1. According to the fuzzy analysis, the hybrid nanofluid gives a more heat transfer rate as compared to nanofluids. Heat transfer and boundary layer flow at wedges have recently received a lot of attention due to several metallurgical and engineering physical applications such as continuous casting, metal extrusion, wire drawing, plastic, hot rolling, crystal growing, fibreglass and paper manufacturing.","PeriodicalId":48562,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Mathematics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70148408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}