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Relationship between Physical Activity Levels and Academic Performance in Adolescents from Serbia. 塞尔维亚青少年体育锻炼水平与学习成绩之间的关系。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.3390/children11101198
Tamara Ilić, Stefan Stojanović, Doroteja Rančić, Bojan Milenko Jorgić, Rareș Stănescu Cristian, Daniel Andrei Iordan, Codreanu Corneliu Mircea, Stoica Leonard, Ilie Onu

Background/objectives: Today's high school students often engage in sedentary behavior by choosing passive activities during leisure time. Increasing research shows that regular physical activity (PA) provides benefits beyond physical health, especially important during childhood and adolescence. Our study investigated the association between physical activity levels and academic performance (AP) in Serbian adolescents.

Methods: We selected a sample of 836 fourth-grade high school students (avg. 17.9 ± 0.7 years old) who completed the IPAQ (short-version) and the Academic Performance Scale. Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS 21.0. Due to non-normal data distribution, Spearman's correlation was used and hierarchical regression analysis to assess the association between PA and AP.

Results: The findings revealed significant correlations between vigorous, moderate and light PA, as well as overall units of metabolic equivalent of task (METs), with AP (p-values: 0.000, 0.005, 0.021, 0.004, respectively), although with weak correlation coefficients (0.127, 0.098, 0.080, 0.181, respectively). Vigorous PA influenced AP by 10.1%, moderate PA by 8.2%, and light PA by 11.4%.

Conclusions: These results suggest that adolescents engaging in higher PA levels tend to have better AP. This finding indicates a substantial association between PA levels and AP, with both moderate and vigorous PA showing a positive correlation and influence. Further investigation is necessary to comprehensively grasp the link between light PA and AP.

背景/目的:当今的中学生经常在闲暇时间选择被动活动,从而导致久坐不动。越来越多的研究表明,经常进行体育锻炼(PA)不仅有益于身体健康,在儿童和青少年时期尤其重要。我们的研究调查了塞尔维亚青少年的体育锻炼水平与学习成绩(AP)之间的关系:我们选取了 836 名四年级高中生(平均 17.9 ± 0.7 岁)作为样本,他们完成了 IPAQ(短版)和学业成绩量表。数据分析采用 IBM SPSS 21.0 进行。由于数据呈非正态分布,研究采用了斯皮尔曼相关分析和分层回归分析来评估 PA 与 AP 之间的关系:研究结果表明,剧烈、适度和轻度 PA 以及任务代谢当量(METs)总体单位与 AP 之间存在明显相关性(p 值分别为 0.000、0.005、0.021 和 0.004),但相关系数较弱(分别为 0.127、0.098、0.080 和 0.181)。剧烈运动对 AP 的影响为 10.1%,中度运动为 8.2%,轻度运动为 11.4%:这些结果表明,参与较高水平 PA 的青少年往往具有较好的 AP。结论:这些结果表明,从事较高水平体育锻炼的青少年往往具有较好的自理能力,这一结果表明体育锻炼水平与自理能力之间存在着实质性的联系,中度和强度的体育锻炼都显示出了正相关性和影响力。要全面掌握轻度 PA 与 AP 之间的联系,还需要进一步的调查。
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引用次数: 0
PASS Theory and Movement Disorders: Methodology for Assessment and Intervention. PASS 理论与运动障碍:评估和干预方法。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.3390/children11101192
Katerina Asonitou, Dimitra Koutsouki

Background/objectives: Executive dysfunction appears to be a significant secondary characteristic frequently linked with movement disorders. Planning is a high-level cognitive process integral to our executive functions. Children who show deficits in their planning ability usually have difficulties in making decisions or problem-solving, such as initiating tasks or mentally organizing a project, and monitoring and controlling their behavior effectively. These difficulties can significantly impact their academic performance and daily functioning even in adulthood. However, the existing research on the relationships between motor performance and planning abilities is limited and inconsistent.

Methods: This study aimed to explore the potential associations between motor and planning skills in 30 preschool-aged children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and 30 healthy controls matched for age, including utilizing the PASS theory and Cognitive Assessment System (CAS).

Results: The findings highlighted balance, total motor score, and planned codes as the primary factors distinguishing the two groups. A significant Pearson's correlation was observed between the overall MABC-2 scores and the subdomain scores, along with the Planning Scale indices for both groups, suggesting a substantial relationship between these assessments. Among the Planned codes items, the most notable predictor of overall motor performance in children was identified. Furthermore, the total score for Planned Connections emerged as the most robust predictor for tasks associated with manual dexterity.

Conclusions: The relationship between motor skills and executive functions in early childhood plays a vital role in the development of early intervention strategies that utilize cognitive-motor tools.

背景/目的:执行功能障碍似乎是经常与运动障碍联系在一起的一个重要的继发性特征。计划是一种高级认知过程,与我们的执行功能密不可分。计划能力有缺陷的儿童通常在做出决定或解决问题(如启动任务或在头脑中组织一个项目)以及有效监督和控制自己的行为方面存在困难。这些困难甚至会严重影响他们成年后的学习成绩和日常生活能力。然而,现有关于运动表现与计划能力之间关系的研究十分有限,且不一致:本研究旨在探讨 30 名学龄前发育协调障碍(DCD)儿童和 30 名年龄匹配的健康对照组儿童的运动和规划能力之间的潜在关联,包括利用 PASS 理论和认知评估系统(CAS):结果:研究结果表明,平衡、运动总分和计划代码是区分两组儿童的主要因素。两组的 MABC-2 总分、子域得分和计划量表指数之间存在明显的皮尔逊相关性,表明这些评估之间存在实质性的关系。在 "计划代码 "项目中,最能预测儿童的整体运动表现。此外,"计划连接 "的总分是预测与手部灵活性相关任务的最有力指标:结论:幼儿期运动技能与执行功能之间的关系对利用认知运动工具制定早期干预策略起着至关重要的作用。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Multi-Strategy Nutrition Education Programs on Hedonic Hunger and Nutrition Status in Adolescents. 多策略营养教育计划对青少年享乐性饥饿和营养状况的影响。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3390/children11101188
Osman Bozkurt, Hilal Yildiran

Objective: Increasing the awareness of adolescents about hedonic hunger, understanding the difference between homeostatic hunger and hedonic hunger, and adolescents learning to control themselves to stop excessive food consumption are extremely important for a healthy adulthood. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of the multi-strategy nutrition education programs (MSNEP) on hedonic hunger, food addiction, nutrition literacy, and nutritional status in adolescents. Methods: This study was planned using a pre-test and post-test design. The MSNEP was conducted with 132 adolescents (11-15 years; 69 boys, 63 girls) for 4 weeks (45 min-1 h/session). Data were obtained using questionnaires with face-to-face interviews at pre-education (baseline) and post-education (week 4 and week 8). The survey form included sociodemographic information, nine item short version of Children's Power of Food Scale (C-PFS-9), the Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children 2.0 (YFAS-C 2.0), the Adolescent Nutrition Literacy Scale (ANLS), anthropometric measurements, and 24-hour dietary recall. Results: A decrease in C-PFS-9 total scores was found compared to the baseline (p < 0.001). While the YFAS-C 2.0 score decreased in boys compared to the baseline (p < 0.05), no significant difference was found in girls (p > 0.05). A difference was found in the ANLS scores for girls (p = 0.01), but no difference was found in the scores for boys during the study (p > 0.05). At week 4, the consumption of dairy products, legumes, vegetables and fruits, bread and grains, nuts, and hard-shelled seeds increased compared to the baseline (p < 0.05). Also, daily protein and fiber intake increased (p < 0.05). Accordingly, a higher YFAS-C 2.0 score predicted greater hedonic hunger. A lower ANLS score was a predictor for higher food taste and food available scores. Conclusions: In conclusion, the MSNEP was found to have positive effects on hedonic hunger, food addiction, nutritional literacy, and healthy eating behaviors. The study revealed differences between girls and boys. In order to maintain healthy body weights in adolescents, it is recommended that the MSNEP be provided in schools.

目的:提高青少年对享乐性饥饿的认识,了解平衡性饥饿与享乐性饥饿的区别,让青少年学会控制自己,停止过量摄入食物,这对青少年健康成长极为重要。本研究旨在评估多策略营养教育计划(MSNEP)对青少年享乐性饥饿、食物成瘾、营养知识和营养状况的影响。研究方法本研究计划采用前测和后测设计。对 132 名青少年(11-15 岁;69 名男孩,63 名女孩)进行了为期 4 周(每节课 45 分钟-1 小时)的 MSNEP 教育。在教育前(基线)和教育后(第 4 周和第 8 周),通过问卷调查和面对面访谈获取数据。调查表包括社会人口学信息、九项儿童食物力量表(C-PFS-9)短版、耶鲁儿童食物成瘾量表 2.0(YFAS-C 2.0)、青少年营养知识量表(ANLS)、人体测量和 24 小时饮食回忆。结果显示与基线相比,C-PFS-9 的总分有所下降(p < 0.001)。与基线相比,男孩的 YFAS-C 2.0 分数有所下降(p < 0.05),而女孩则无明显差异(p > 0.05)。在研究期间,女孩的 ANLS 分数有差异(p = 0.01),但男孩的分数没有差异(p > 0.05)。第 4 周时,乳制品、豆类、蔬菜和水果、面包和谷物、坚果和硬壳种子的摄入量与基线相比有所增加(p < 0.05)。此外,每日蛋白质和纤维摄入量也有所增加(P < 0.05)。因此,YFAS-C 2.0 分数越高,预示着享乐性饥饿感越强。ANLS得分越低,预示着食物口味和食物可获得性得分越高。结论总之,研究发现 MSNEP 对享乐性饥饿、食物成瘾、营养知识和健康饮食行为有积极影响。研究显示了女孩和男孩之间的差异。为了保持青少年健康的体重,建议在学校提供 MSNEP。
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引用次数: 0
Non-Invasive Ventilation with Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist (NAVA) Improves Extubation Outcomes in Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Infants. 使用神经调节通气辅助系统(NAVA)进行无创通气可改善极低出生体重儿的拔管效果。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3390/children11101184
Kevin Louie, Shaili Amatya, Gad Alpan, Lance A Parton

Objective: This study investigates the effectiveness of extubation from conventional mechanical ventilation using an endotracheal tube (MVET) compared to synchronized non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation (sNIPPV) using neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) and conventional non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants. Methods: An institutional review board (IRB) approved this study (#12175) to conduct a single-center randomized control trial including 60 ELBW infants assigned in a one-to-one computer-generated scheme to either sNIPPV using NAVA or NIPPV. The primary outcome involved the need for reintubation, and the secondary outcome involved the assessment of moderate/severe BPD, defined as an oxygen requirement at 36 weeks, as in #NCT03613987 (clinicaltrials.gov). Results: There were 60 ELBW infants enrolled and randomized. The overall gestational age was 26 (1.5) weeks, and the birth weight was 773 (157) g [mean (SD)]. There were no statistically significant differences between the NAVA and NIPPV patient characteristics. There was a 41% extubation failure rate in the NIPPV group and 35% in the NAVA group (p = NS). The NAVA group had less moderate and severe BPD (p = 0.03), a shorter oxygen therapy duration (p = 0.002), a decreased length of stay (p = 0.03), and less need for home oxygen (0, 43%; p = 0.0004). Conclusions: This study found similar extubation failure rates among ELBW infants as in prior studies. However, the NAVA group had lower rates of moderate/severe BPD and need for oxygen at discharge, as well as shorter oxygen therapy duration and length of stay. The use of NAVA may be a reasonable alternative mode of non-invasive ventilation in the ELBW population.

研究目的本研究探讨了在极低出生体重儿(ELBW)中,使用气管插管(MVET)的传统机械通气与使用神经调节通气辅助(NAVA)的同步无创正压通气(sNIPPV)和传统无创正压通气(NIPPV)相比,拔管的有效性。方法:机构审查委员会(IRB)批准本研究(#12175)进行单中心随机对照试验,将 60 名 ELBW 婴儿按计算机生成的一对一方案分配给使用 NAVA 的 sNIPPV 或 NIPPV。主要结果包括是否需要再次插管,次要结果包括评估中度/重度 BPD,定义为 36 周时是否需要吸氧,如 #NCT03613987 (clinicaltrials.gov) 所述。结果共有 60 名 ELBW 婴儿参加了随机治疗。总胎龄为 26(1.5)周,出生体重为 773(157)克[平均值(标度)]。NAVA 和 NIPPV 患者的特征在统计学上没有明显差异。NIPPV 组的拔管失败率为 41%,NAVA 组为 35%(P = NS)。NAVA 组的中度和重度 BPD 较少(p = 0.03),氧疗时间较短(p = 0.002),住院时间较短(p = 0.03),家庭供氧需求较少(0,43%;p = 0.0004)。结论:本研究发现,ELBW婴儿的拔管失败率与之前的研究相似。但是,NAVA 组的中度/重度 BPD 发生率和出院时的吸氧需求较低,吸氧治疗持续时间和住院时间也较短。在 ELBW 婴儿中,使用 NAVA 可能是一种合理的无创通气替代模式。
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引用次数: 0
A Comparison of Kawasaki Disease during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children. SARS-CoV-2 大流行期间川崎病与儿童多系统炎症综合征的比较。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3390/children11101185
Tunç Tunçer, Fatih Varol

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast Kawasaki disease (KD) with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients diagnosed with KD and MIS-C at a single institution from July 2020 to November 2021 was performed.

Results: The study included 39 MIS-C patients (84.6% male) with a median age of 138 months and 17 KD patients (58.8% male) with a median age of 36 months. The MIS-C patients were older (p < 0.001) and had prolonged hospitalizations (p = 0.023), elevated neutrophil counts (p < 0.001), C-reactive protein (p < 0.001), procalcitonin (p < 0.001), interleukin-6 (p < 0.014), ferritin (p < 0.001), fibrinogen (p < 0.001), troponin I (p = 0.001), NT-proBNP (p < 0.001), and D-dimer levels (p < 0.001). There were more cases of hypotension (p = 0.024), decreased left ventricular function (p = 0.023), and a greater need for corticosteroids (p < 0.001), enoxaparin (p = 0.045), and therapeutic plasma exchange (p < 0.001). Kawasaki disease patients had a greater incidence of rash (p < 0.001), changes in oral mucosa (p < 0.001), conjunctival injection (p < 0.001), extremity changes (p < 0.001), and cervical lymphadenopathy (p < 0.001). They had a longer duration of fever (p < 0.001), elevated white blood cell count (p < 0.001), platelet count (p < 0.001), and alanine aminotransferase level (p < 0.001). The two groups were similar regarding the hemoglobin levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, albumin levels, and the frequency of coronary aneurysm, myocarditis, pericarditis, invasive mechanical ventilatory support, and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment.

Conclusions: Advanced patient age, a greater presence of gastrointestinal and cardiac findings associated with hypotension, increased NT-proBNP levels, decreased left ventricular function, the use of various treatment modalities, and longer hospital stays suggest MIS-C, whereas prolonged fever and classical clinical features of KD favor KD.

研究目的本研究旨在比较和对比SARS-CoV-2大流行期间川崎病(KD)与儿童多系统炎症综合征(MIS-C):方法:对一家医疗机构 2020 年 7 月至 2021 年 11 月期间诊断为 KD 和 MIS-C 患者的病历进行回顾性分析:研究包括39名MIS-C患者(84.6%为男性),中位年龄为138个月;17名KD患者(58.8%为男性),中位年龄为36个月。MIS-C 患者年龄更大(p < 0.001),住院时间更长(p = 0.023),中性粒细胞计数升高(p < 0.001),C 反应蛋白升高(p < 0.001),降钙素原升高(p < 0.001)、白细胞介素-6(p < 0.014)、铁蛋白(p < 0.001)、纤维蛋白原(p < 0.001)、肌钙蛋白 I(p = 0.001)、NT-proBNP(p < 0.001)和 D-二聚体水平(p < 0.001)。出现低血压(p = 0.024)、左心室功能下降(p = 0.023)的病例更多,需要使用皮质类固醇(p < 0.001)、依诺肝素(p = 0.045)和治疗性血浆置换(p < 0.001)的病例更多。川崎病患者皮疹(p < 0.001)、口腔粘膜变化(p < 0.001)、结膜注射(p < 0.001)、四肢变化(p < 0.001)和颈淋巴结病(p < 0.001)的发病率较高。他们的发热持续时间较长(p < 0.001),白细胞计数升高(p < 0.001),血小板计数升高(p < 0.001),丙氨酸氨基转移酶水平升高(p < 0.001)。两组患者的血红蛋白水平、红细胞沉降率、白蛋白水平以及冠状动脉瘤、心肌炎、心包炎、有创机械通气支持和静脉注射免疫球蛋白治疗的频率相似:结论:患者年龄较大、胃肠道和心脏症状较多并伴有低血压、NT-proBNP 水平升高、左心室功能减退、使用各种治疗方法以及住院时间较长,这些都提示 MIS-C,而长期发热和 KD 的典型临床特征则有利于 KD。
{"title":"A Comparison of Kawasaki Disease during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.","authors":"Tunç Tunçer, Fatih Varol","doi":"10.3390/children11101185","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11101185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast Kawasaki disease (KD) with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients diagnosed with KD and MIS-C at a single institution from July 2020 to November 2021 was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 39 MIS-C patients (84.6% male) with a median age of 138 months and 17 KD patients (58.8% male) with a median age of 36 months. The MIS-C patients were older (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and had prolonged hospitalizations (<i>p</i> = 0.023), elevated neutrophil counts (<i>p</i> < 0.001), C-reactive protein (<i>p</i> < 0.001), procalcitonin (<i>p</i> < 0.001), interleukin-6 (<i>p</i> < 0.014), ferritin (<i>p</i> < 0.001), fibrinogen (<i>p</i> < 0.001), troponin I (<i>p</i> = 0.001), NT-proBNP (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and D-dimer levels (<i>p</i> < 0.001). There were more cases of hypotension (<i>p</i> = 0.024), decreased left ventricular function (<i>p</i> = 0.023), and a greater need for corticosteroids (<i>p</i> < 0.001), enoxaparin (<i>p</i> = 0.045), and therapeutic plasma exchange (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Kawasaki disease patients had a greater incidence of rash (<i>p</i> < 0.001), changes in oral mucosa (<i>p</i> < 0.001), conjunctival injection (<i>p</i> < 0.001), extremity changes (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and cervical lymphadenopathy (<i>p</i> < 0.001). They had a longer duration of fever (<i>p</i> < 0.001), elevated white blood cell count (<i>p</i> < 0.001), platelet count (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and alanine aminotransferase level (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The two groups were similar regarding the hemoglobin levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, albumin levels, and the frequency of coronary aneurysm, myocarditis, pericarditis, invasive mechanical ventilatory support, and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Advanced patient age, a greater presence of gastrointestinal and cardiac findings associated with hypotension, increased NT-proBNP levels, decreased left ventricular function, the use of various treatment modalities, and longer hospital stays suggest MIS-C, whereas prolonged fever and classical clinical features of KD favor KD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"11 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11505943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vitamin D Supplementation for Children with Epilepsy on Antiseizure Medications: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 为服用抗癫痫药物的癫痫患儿补充维生素 D:随机对照试验
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3390/children11101187
Fahad A Bashiri, Abrar Hudairi, Muddathir H Hamad, Lujain K Al-Sulimani, Doua Al Homyani, Dimah Al Saqabi, Amal Y Kentab, Reem A Al Khalifah

Background: Antiseizure medications (ASMs) are crucial for managing epilepsy in children. However, a well-documented side effect of ASMs is their impact on bone health, often due to interference with vitamin D metabolism. This can lead to vitamin D deficiency in children with epilepsy. This study aimed to determine if a daily dose of 400 IU or 1000 IU would maintain adequate vitamin D levels in children with epilepsy.

Methods: A phase IV randomized controlled trial enrolled children aged 2-16 years with epilepsy and receiving antiseizure medications. Children were divided into two groups: the monotherapy group, which was defined as children on one antiseizure medication (ASM), and the polytherapy group, which was defined as children receiving two or more ASMs. Eligible children with levels above 75 nmol/L were randomized to receive a maintenance dose of either 400 IU/day or 1000 IU/day of cholecalciferol. Baseline and 6-month assessments included demographic data, anthropometric measurements, seizure type, medications, seizure control, and 25(OH)D level.

Results: Out of 163 children, 90 were on monotherapy and 25 on polytherapy. After 6 months of vitamin D maintenance, the proportion of children with 25(OH)D concentration below 75 nmol/L was 75.0% in the 400 IU group and 54.8% in the 1000 IU group. In the monotherapy group, baseline seizure-free children increased from 69% to 83.6% after treating vitamin D deficiency.

Conclusion: Daily vitamin D supplementation with 1000 IU may be beneficial for children with epilepsy, particularly those receiving monotherapy, to maintain sufficiency and potentially improve seizure control.

背景:抗癫痫药物(ASMs)是控制儿童癫痫的关键。然而,ASMs 的副作用已得到充分证实,那就是对骨骼健康的影响,这通常是由于维生素 D 代谢受到干扰所致。这可能导致癫痫患儿维生素 D 缺乏。本研究旨在确定每日剂量为 400 IU 或 1000 IU 能否维持癫痫患儿体内充足的维生素 D 水平:一项 IV 期随机对照试验招募了 2-16 岁患有癫痫并正在接受抗癫痫药物治疗的儿童。患儿被分为两组:单药治疗组和多药治疗组,单药治疗组指服用一种抗癫痫药物(ASM)的患儿,多药治疗组指服用两种或两种以上抗癫痫药物的患儿。符合条件且胆钙化醇水平高于 75 nmol/L 的儿童被随机分配到胆钙化醇维持剂量为 400 IU/天或 1000 IU/天的治疗组。基线和6个月评估包括人口统计学数据、人体测量、癫痫发作类型、药物、癫痫发作控制情况和25(OH)D水平:结果:在163名儿童中,90名儿童接受了单药治疗,25名儿童接受了多药治疗。维持维生素 D 6 个月后,25(OH)D 浓度低于 75 nmol/L 的儿童比例在 400 IU 组为 75.0%,在 1000 IU 组为 54.8%。在单一疗法组中,治疗维生素 D 缺乏症后,无癫痫发作儿童的基线比例从 69% 提高到 83.6%:结论:每日补充 1000 IU 维生素 D 可能对癫痫患儿,尤其是接受单一疗法的患儿有益,可维持充足的维生素 D,并有可能改善癫痫发作控制。
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引用次数: 0
Stabilometry in Relation to Hip and Knee Muscle Force in Children with Surgically Treated Unilateral Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis. 手术治疗单侧股骨骺滑脱儿童的稳定测量与髋关节和膝关节肌肉力量的关系
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3390/children11101186
Marius Negru, Anca Raluca Dinu, Elena Amaricai, Liliana Catan, Andrei Daniel Bolovan, Adrian Emil Lazarescu, Corina Maria Stanciulescu, Eugen Sorin Boia, Calin Marius Popoiu

Background/objectives: The main aim of our study was to analyze the stabilometric parameters in relation to hip and knee muscle force in children with unilateral slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) who had undergone surgical treatment. Another objective was to compare the stabilometry in three testing situations (eyes open, eyes closed, and head retroflexed).

Methods: In total, 26 patients with unilateral right SCFE treated via in situ fixation with one percutaneous screw performed stabilometry assessments under three different situations (with their eyes open, with their eyes closed, and with their head retroflexed) and isometric muscle force assessment of the bilateral hip flexors, extensors, abductors and adductors and bilateral knee flexors and extensors.

Results: No significant differences between the right side (affected hip) and left side (non-affected hip) were recorded for all of the tested muscle groups. We found significant negative correlations between the 90% confidence ellipse area (eyes open condition) and left knee extensors (p = 0.028), right knee flexors (p = 0.041), and left knee flexors (p = 0.02), respectively. When performing the comparison between the eyes open and eyes closed situations, there were significant differences in CoP path length (p < 0.0001) and maximum CoP speed (p = 0.048); the parameters increased in the eyes closed situation.

Conclusions: Better postural stability is acquired when assessed with eyes open or with the head retroflexed in contrast with eyes closed testing.

背景/目的:我们研究的主要目的是分析接受过手术治疗的单侧股骨头骨骺滑脱(SCFE)患儿的稳定测量参数与髋关节和膝关节肌肉力量的关系。另一个目的是比较三种测试情况(睁眼、闭眼和头后屈)下的稳定度:共有 26 名单侧右侧 SCFE 患者接受了经皮螺钉原位固定治疗,在三种不同情况下(睁眼、闭眼和头部后屈)进行了稳定度评估,并对双侧髋关节屈肌、伸肌、内收肌和外展肌以及双侧膝关节屈肌和伸肌进行了等长肌力评估:在所有测试的肌肉群中,右侧(受影响的髋关节)和左侧(未受影响的髋关节)没有明显差异。我们发现 90% 置信椭圆区(睁眼状态)与左膝伸肌(p = 0.028)、右膝屈肌(p = 0.041)和左膝屈肌(p = 0.02)之间分别存在明显的负相关。在睁眼和闭眼情况下进行比较时,CoP 路径长度(p < 0.0001)和最大 CoP 速度(p = 0.048)存在显著差异;在闭眼情况下,这些参数都有所增加:结论:与闭眼测试相比,在睁眼或头部后屈的情况下进行评估能获得更好的姿势稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Effects of Stimulant and Antipsychotic Medications on Eating Behaviors and Weight in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. 刺激剂和抗精神病药物对注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童进食行为和体重的比较效应》(Comparative Effects of Stimulant and Antipsychotic Medications on Eating Behaviors and Weight in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3390/children11101189
Hasan Cem Aykutlu, Esra Okyar, Mehmet Karadağ, Masum Öztürk

Background/objectives: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with an increased risk of obesity and disordered eating behaviors. This study compared weight status and eating behaviors among drug-naïve ADHD children, those on stimulant monotherapy, those on combined stimulant and antipsychotic treatment, and healthy controls.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 547 children aged 6-12 years from four Turkish provinces: 361 with ADHD (152 drug-naïve, 156 on stimulants, and 53 on combined therapy), and 186 healthy controls. Anthropometric measurements, psychiatric assessments, and eating behavior evaluations were conducted using standardized tools.

Results: Drug-naïve ADHD children had the highest obesity rate (13.8%), while those on stimulant monotherapy had the lowest (4.5%) compared to controls. Combined treatment group obesity rates were similar to controls (7.5% vs. 8.6%). The drug-naïve and combined treatment groups showed increased food approach behavior and desire to drink, with the combined treatment group also showing increased emotional overeating.

Conclusions: This study reveals a complex relationship between ADHD, its pharmacological management, and the risk of obesity. Stimulant monotherapy may mitigate the risk of obesity, while combined stimulant and antipsychotic treatment may lead to problematic eating behaviors. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring weight status and eating behaviors in ADHD children, especially those receiving pharmacological interventions.

背景/目的:注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)与肥胖和饮食行为紊乱的风险增加有关。本研究比较了未经药物治疗的ADHD儿童、接受刺激剂单一疗法的儿童、接受刺激剂和抗精神病药物联合疗法的儿童以及健康对照组儿童的体重状况和饮食行为:这项横断面研究包括来自土耳其四个省的 547 名 6-12 岁儿童:361名患有多动症的儿童(152名未接受过药物治疗,156名接受过兴奋剂治疗,53名接受过联合治疗)和186名健康对照组儿童。研究人员使用标准化工具进行了人体测量、精神评估和饮食行为评估:与对照组相比,未接受药物治疗的多动症儿童肥胖率最高(13.8%),而接受刺激剂单一疗法的儿童肥胖率最低(4.5%)。联合治疗组的肥胖率与对照组相似(7.5% 对 8.6%)。未服药组和联合治疗组的食物接近行为和饮酒欲望增加,联合治疗组的情绪性暴饮暴食也有所增加:本研究揭示了多动症、药物治疗与肥胖风险之间的复杂关系。结论:本研究揭示了多动症、其药物治疗与肥胖风险之间的复杂关系。单一刺激剂治疗可减轻肥胖风险,而刺激剂和抗精神病药物联合治疗则可能导致有问题的饮食行为。这些发现强调了监测多动症儿童体重状况和饮食行为的重要性,尤其是那些接受药物干预的儿童。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of Smartphone App for the Treatment of Pediatric Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 智能手机应用程序治疗小儿肥胖症的效果:随机对照试验
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/children11101178
Giuseppina Rosaria Umano, Mariapia Masino, Grazia Cirillo, Giulia Rondinelli, Francesca Massa, Giuseppe Salvatore R C Mangoni di Santo Stefano, Anna Di Sessa, Pierluigi Marzuillo, Emanuele Miraglia Del Giudice, Pietro Buono

Background: Pediatric obesity treatment is based on high-intensity lifestyle counseling. However, high dropout rates and low effectiveness have been reported, even in specialized centers. Mobile health technologies have been used to overcome these limits with contrasting results. This study aims at evaluating the effectiveness of a six-month intervention with a mobile app for the treatment of pediatric obesity at 6 and 12 months of follow-up.

Methods: Seventy-five patients were randomly assigned to standard care or standard care plus mobile app (2:1) using an online randomizer system. The mobile app delivered high-intensity lifestyle counseling for diet and physical activity.

Results: At six months of follow-up, the M-App group showed significantly lower dropout rates compared to standard care (p = 0.01). The risk of dropout was significantly higher in controls compared to the intervention group (OR 3.86, 95% C.I. 1.39-10.42, p = 0.01). After one year, we observed lower albeit non-statistically significant dropout rates in the M-App compared to the standard care group (p = 0.24). No differences were observed in z-score BMI and percentage of BMI reduction between the two groups.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the mobile app might help in the clinical management of children and adolescents with obesity in terms of dropout reduction.

背景:小儿肥胖症的治疗以高强度的生活方式咨询为基础。然而,即使在专业中心,也有辍学率高、效果低的报道。移动医疗技术被用来克服这些限制,但结果却截然不同。本研究旨在评估使用移动应用程序对小儿肥胖症进行为期 6 个月的干预治疗在 6 个月和 12 个月随访期间的效果:通过在线随机分配系统,75 名患者被随机分配到标准护理或标准护理加手机应用(2:1)。移动应用程序提供高强度的饮食和体育锻炼生活方式咨询:在六个月的随访中,M-App 组的辍学率明显低于标准护理组(p = 0.01)。与干预组相比,对照组的辍学风险明显更高(OR 3.86,95% C.I.1.39-10.42,p = 0.01)。一年后,我们观察到 M-App 组的辍学率低于标准护理组,但无统计学意义(p = 0.24)。两组的 Z 值 BMI 和 BMI 下降百分比没有差异:我们的研究结果表明,手机应用可能有助于肥胖儿童和青少年的临床管理,从而减少辍学率。
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引用次数: 0
Preterm Infant with Generalized Arterial Calcification of Infancy Who Survived Due to Early Diagnosis and Appropriate Treatment with Bisphosphonates: A Case Report. 患有全身动脉钙化的早产儿因早期诊断和适当的双膦酸盐治疗而存活下来:病例报告。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/children11101176
Masato Tanaka, Akira Kobayashi, Haruhiro Kuwabara, Jun Nirei, Junichi Ozawa, Kentaro Sawano, Nao Shibata, Keisuke Nagasaki, Akihiko Saitoh

Generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is a rare disease characterized by arterial calcification. GACI is caused by a mutation in the ENPP1 or ABCC6 genes. GACI causes severe hypertension and heart failure, and approximately 50% of patients die within the first 6 months. In particular, preterm infants with GACI often die due to immature cardiac function. Bisphosphonates are effective in treating GACI; however, no standardized treatment regimen is available. We experienced a case of a preterm infant with GACI born at 30 weeks gestation. Ultrasonography showed high-intensity lesions in the arteries, and computed tomography revealed calcification of the arteries throughout the body, leading to the diagnosis of GACI. We administered intravenous pamidronate, and her cardiac contraction improved. The initial scheduled interval between drug administrations was 2 months. However, the cardiac contraction worsened 1 month after the pamidronate administration. Therefore, we decreased the dosing interval and administered a second course of pamidronate, which improved her cardiac function. We then switched to oral etidronate. To improve the morbidity and mortality rates of preterm infants with GACI, it is important to obtain an early diagnosis of GACI by investigating high-intensity lesions in the arteries and performing early administration of an appropriate type of bisphosphonate.

婴儿全身动脉钙化症(GACI)是一种以动脉钙化为特征的罕见疾病。GACI 由 ENPP1 或 ABCC6 基因突变引起。GACI 会导致严重的高血压和心力衰竭,大约 50% 的患者会在最初 6 个月内死亡。特别是,患有 GACI 的早产儿往往因心脏功能不成熟而死亡。双膦酸盐可有效治疗 GACI,但目前尚无标准化的治疗方案。我们接诊了一例妊娠 30 周的早产儿,患有 GACI。超声波检查显示动脉有高强度病变,计算机断层扫描显示全身动脉钙化,从而确诊为 GACI。我们为她静脉注射了帕米膦酸钠,她的心脏收缩情况有所改善。最初计划的用药间隔为 2 个月。然而,在服用帕米膦酸钠 1 个月后,她的心脏收缩情况恶化。因此,我们缩短了给药间隔,并服用了第二个疗程的帕米膦酸钠,这改善了她的心功能。随后,我们改用口服依替膦酸钠。为了改善患有 GACI 的早产儿的发病率和死亡率,通过检查动脉的高强度病变并及早使用适当类型的双膦酸盐来获得 GACI 的早期诊断非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
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Children-Basel
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