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Ophthalmology at the Forefront of Big Data Integration in Medicine: Insights from the IRIS Registry Database. 医学大数据集成前沿的眼科学:来自IRIS注册数据库的见解。
IF 2.7 3区 工程技术 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-29 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/VUPM2510
Austen N Knapp, Theodore Leng, Ehsan Rahimy

Ophthalmology stands at the vanguard of incorporating big data into medicine, as exemplified by the integration of The Intelligent Research in Sight (IRIS) Registry. This synergy cultivates patient-centered care, demonstrates real world efficacy and safety data for new therapies, and facilitates comprehensive population health insights. By evaluating the creation and utilization of the world's largest specialty clinical data registry, we underscore the transformative capacity of data-driven medical paradigms, current shortcomings, and future directions. We aim to provide a scaffold for other specialties to adopt big data integration into medicine.

眼科学站在将大数据纳入医学的前沿,例如整合了视觉智能研究(IRIS)注册中心。这种协同作用培养了以患者为中心的护理,展示了新疗法的真实疗效和安全性数据,并促进了全面的人群健康见解。通过评估世界上最大的专业临床数据注册中心的创建和利用情况,我们强调了数据驱动的医学范式的变革能力、当前的不足和未来的方向。我们的目标是为其他专业将大数据集成到医学中提供一个支架。
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引用次数: 0
A Recurrent Mutation in Growth Hormone Receptor (GHR) Gene Underlying Laron-type Dwarfism in a Pakistani Family. 生长激素受体(GHR)基因的一个复发性突变导致一个巴基斯坦家族的Laron型侏儒症。
IF 2.7 3区 工程技术 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-29 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/TCAA2040
Rana Muhammad Kamran Shabbir, Gökhan Nalbant, Qamar Zaman, Aslıhan Tolun, Sajid Malik, Sara Mumtaz

Laron syndrome (LS) is a rare autosomal recessively segregating disorder of severe short stature. The condition is characterized by short limbs, delayed puberty, hypoglycemia in infancy, and obesity. Mutations in growth hormone receptor (GHR) have been implicated in LS; hence, it is also known as growth hormone insensitivity syndrome (MIM-262500). Here we represent a consanguineous Pakistani family in which three siblings were afflicted with LS. Patients had rather similar phenotypic presentations marked with short stature, delayed bone age, limited extension of elbows, truncal obesity, delayed puberty, childish appearance, and frontal bossing. They also had additional features such as hypo-muscularity, early fatigue, large ears, widely-spaced breasts, and attention deficit behavior, which are rarely reported in LS. The unusual combination of the features hindered a straightforward diagnosis and prompted us to first detect the regions of shared homozygosity and subsequently the disease-causing variant by next generation technologies, like SNP genotyping and exome sequencing. A homozygous pathogenic variant c.508G>C (p.(Asp170His)) in GHR was detected. The variant is known to be implicated in LS, supporting the molecular diagnosis of LS. Also, we present detailed clinical, hematological, and hormonal profiling of the siblings.

Laron综合征(LS)是一种罕见的严重身材矮小的常染色体隐性分离性疾病。这种情况的特点是四肢短、青春期延迟、婴儿期低血糖和肥胖。生长激素受体(GHR)的突变与LS有关;因此,它也被称为生长激素不敏感综合征(MIM-262500)。在这里,我们代表了一个有血缘关系的巴基斯坦家庭,其中有三个兄弟姐妹患有LS。患者有相当相似的表型表现,表现为身材矮小、骨龄延迟、肘部伸展受限、躯干肥胖、青春期延迟、幼稚外表和额突。它们还具有其他特征,如肌肉发达程度低、早期疲劳、耳朵大、乳房间隔大和注意力缺陷行为,这些在LS中很少报道。这些特征的不寻常组合阻碍了直接诊断,并促使我们首先通过下一代技术检测共有的纯合性区域,随后检测致病变体,如SNP基因分型和外显子组测序。GHR中检测到一个纯合致病性变体c.508G>c(p.(Asp170His))。已知该变体与LS有关,支持LS的分子诊断。此外,我们还介绍了兄弟姐妹的详细临床、血液学和激素分析。
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引用次数: 0
ChatGPT and the Future of Journal Reviews: A Feasibility Study. ChatGPT与期刊评论的未来:可行性研究。
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-29 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/SKDH9286
Som Biswas, Dushyant Dobaria, Harris L Cohen
<p><p>The increasing volume of research submissions to academic journals poses a significant challenge for traditional peer-review processes. To address this issue, this study explores the potential of employing ChatGPT, an advanced large language model (LLM), developed by OpenAI, as an artificial intelligence (AI) reviewer for academic journals. By leveraging the vast knowledge and natural language processing capabilities of ChatGPT, we hypothesize it may be possible to enhance the efficiency, consistency, and quality of the peer-review process. This research investigated key aspects of integrating ChatGPT into the journal review workflow. We compared the critical analysis of ChatGPT, acting as an AI reviewer, to human reviews for a single published article. Our methodological framework involved subjecting ChatGPT to an intricate examination, wherein its evaluative acumen was juxtaposed against human-authored reviews of a singular published article. As this is a feasibility study, one article was reviewed, which was a case report on scurvy. The entire article was used as an input into ChatGPT and commanded it to "Please perform a review of the following article and give points for revision." Since this was a case report with a limited word count the entire article could fit in one chat box. The output by ChatGPT was then compared with the comments by human reviewers. Key performance metrics, including precision and overall agreement, were judiciously and subjectively measured to portray the efficacy of ChatGPT as an AI reviewer in comparison to its human counterparts. The outcomes of this rigorous analysis unveiled compelling evidence regarding ChatGPT's performance as an AI reviewer. We demonstrated that ChatGPT's critical analyses aligned with those of human reviewers, as evidenced by the inter-rater agreement. Notably, ChatGPT exhibited commendable capability in identifying methodological flaws, articulating insightful feedback on theoretical frameworks, and gauging the overall contribution of the articles to their respective fields. While the integration of ChatGPT showcased immense promise, certain challenges and caveats surfaced. For example, ambiguities might present with complex research articles, leading to nuanced discrepancies between AI and human reviews. Also figures and images cannot be reviewed by ChatGPT. Lengthy articles need to be reviewed in parts by ChatGPT as the entire article will not fit in one chat/response. The benefits consist of reduction in time needed by journals to review the articles submitted to them, as well as an AI assistant to give a different perspective about the research papers other than the human reviewers. In conclusion, this research contributes a groundbreaking foundation for incorporating ChatGPT into the pantheon of journal reviewers. The delineated guidelines distill key insights into operationalizing ChatGPT as a proficient reviewer within academic journal frameworks, paving the way for a more eff
提交给学术期刊的研究数量不断增加,这对传统的同行评审过程构成了重大挑战。为了解决这个问题,本研究探索了使用由OpenAI开发的高级大型语言模型(LLM)ChatGPT作为学术期刊人工智能(AI)评审员的潜力。通过利用ChatGPT的丰富知识和自然语言处理能力,我们假设有可能提高同行评审过程的效率、一致性和质量。这项研究调查了将ChatGPT集成到期刊评论工作流程中的关键方面。我们将ChatGPT作为人工智能评审员的批判性分析与人类对一篇发表文章的评论进行了比较。我们的方法框架包括对ChatGPT进行复杂的检查,其中将其评估敏锐性与人类对一篇单独发表的文章的评论并置。由于这是一项可行性研究,因此回顾了一篇关于坏血病的病例报告。整篇文章被用作ChatGPT的输入,并命令它“请对以下文章进行审查,并给出修改要点。”由于这是一份字数有限的病例报告,整篇文章可以放在一个聊天框中。然后将ChatGPT的输出与人工评审员的评论进行比较。包括准确性和总体一致性在内的关键性能指标经过了明智和主观的测量,以描述ChatGPT作为人工智能审查员与人类同行相比的功效。这项严格分析的结果揭示了关于ChatGPT作为人工智能审查员的表现的令人信服的证据。我们证明了ChatGPT的批判性分析与人类评审者的批判性分析一致,评分者之间的一致性证明了这一点。值得注意的是,ChatGPT在识别方法论缺陷、阐明对理论框架的深刻反馈以及衡量文章对各自领域的总体贡献方面表现出了值得称赞的能力。虽然ChatGPT的集成显示出巨大的前景,但某些挑战和警告浮出水面。例如,复杂的研究文章可能会出现歧义,导致人工智能和人类评论之间存在细微的差异。此外,ChatGPT无法查看图形和图像。冗长的文章需要由ChatGPT进行部分审查,因为整篇文章不适合一个聊天/回复。这些好处包括减少了期刊审查提交给他们的文章所需的时间,以及一个人工智能助理,可以对研究论文提供不同的视角,而不是人类审稿人。总之,这项研究为将ChatGPT纳入期刊评论家的万神殿奠定了开创性的基础。所描述的指导方针提炼出了在学术期刊框架内将ChatGPT作为一名熟练的评审员来运作的关键见解,为更高效、更有洞察力的评审过程铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Artificial Intelligence to Improve Patient Understanding of Radiology Reports. 人工智能提高患者对放射学报告的理解。
IF 2.7 3区 工程技术 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-29 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/NKOY5498
Kanhai Amin, Pavan Khosla, Rushabh Doshi, Sophie Chheang, Howard P Forman

Diagnostic imaging reports are generally written with a target audience of other providers. As a result, the reports are written with medical jargon and technical detail to ensure accurate communication. With implementation of the 21st Century Cures Act, patients have greater and quicker access to their imaging reports, but these reports are still written above the comprehension level of the average patient. Consequently, many patients have requested reports to be conveyed in language accessible to them. Numerous studies have shown that improving patient understanding of their condition results in better outcomes, so driving comprehension of imaging reports is essential. Summary statements, second reports, and the inclusion of the radiologist's phone number have been proposed, but these solutions have implications for radiologist workflow. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to simplify imaging reports without significant disruptions. Many AI technologies have been applied to radiology reports in the past for various clinical and research purposes, but patient focused solutions have largely been ignored. New natural language processing technologies and large language models (LLMs) have the potential to improve patient understanding of their imaging reports. However, LLMs are a nascent technology and significant research is required before LLM-driven report simplification is used in patient care.

诊断成像报告通常是与其他提供者的目标受众一起编写的。因此,报告采用了医学术语和技术细节,以确保准确的沟通。随着《21世纪治疗法》的实施,患者可以更多、更快地获得他们的影像学报告,但这些报告的撰写仍然高于普通患者的理解水平。因此,许多患者要求用他们能够理解的语言传达报告。大量研究表明,提高患者对病情的理解会带来更好的结果,因此推动对成像报告的理解至关重要。已经提出了总结陈述、第二次报告和包括放射科医生的电话号码,但这些解决方案对放射科医生工作流程有影响。人工智能(AI)有可能在不造成重大干扰的情况下简化成像报告。过去,许多人工智能技术已被应用于放射学报告,用于各种临床和研究目的,但以患者为中心的解决方案在很大程度上被忽视了。新的自然语言处理技术和大型语言模型(LLM)有可能提高患者对其成像报告的理解。然而,LLM是一项新兴技术,在将LLM驱动的报告简化用于患者护理之前,还需要进行大量研究。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Lumpectomy and Mastectomy for Elderly Female Breast Cancer Patients: A Deep Learning-based Big Data Analysis. 老年女性癌症患者行乳房切除术与乳房切除术的疗效比较分析:基于深度学习的大数据分析。
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-29 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/IAJU7580
Jiping Wang, Shunqin Zhang, Huangdi Yi, Shuangge Ma

Objectives: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of treatments, a randomized clinical trial remains the gold standard but can be challenged by a high cost, a limited sample size, an inability to fully reflect the real world, and feasibility concerns. The objective is to showcase a big data approach that takes advantage of large electronic medical record (EMR) data to emulate clinical trials. To overcome the limitations of regression analysis, a deep learning-based analysis pipeline was developed. Study Design and Setting: Lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery) and mastectomy are the two most commonly used surgical procedures for early-stage female breast cancer patients. An emulation trial was designed using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare data to evaluate their relative effectiveness in overall survival. The analysis pipeline consisted of a propensity score step, a weighted survival analysis step, and a bootstrap inference step. Results: A total of 65,997 subjects were enrolled in the emulated trial, with 50,704 and 15,293 in the lumpectomy and mastectomy arms, respectively. The two surgery procedures had comparable effects in terms of overall survival (survival year change = 0.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.08, 0.25) for the elderly SEER-Medicare early-stage female breast cancer patients. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the power of "mining large EMR data + deep learning-based analysis," and the proposed analysis strategy and technique can be potentially broadly applicable. It provided convincing evidence of the comparative effectiveness of lumpectomy and mastectomy.

目的:为了评估治疗的相对有效性,随机临床试验仍然是金标准,但可能会受到成本高、样本量有限、无法完全反映现实世界以及可行性问题的挑战。目的是展示一种利用大型电子病历(EMR)数据模拟临床试验的大数据方法。为了克服回归分析的局限性,开发了一个基于深度学习的分析管道。研究设计和设置:对于早期女性癌症患者,乳房切除术(乳房切除术)和乳房切除术是两种最常用的手术方法。使用监测、流行病学和最终结果(SEER)-医疗保险数据设计了一项模拟试验,以评估其在总生存率方面的相对有效性。分析管道由倾向得分步骤、加权生存分析步骤和引导推理步骤组成。结果:共有65997名受试者参加了模拟试验,其中50704人和15293人分别参加了肿块切除术和乳房切除术。就老年SEER-Medicare早期女性癌症患者的总体生存率而言,这两种手术具有可比的效果(生存年变化=0.08,95%置信区间(CI):-0.08,0.25)。结论:本研究展示了“挖掘大型电子病历数据+基于深度学习的分析”的力量,所提出的分析策略和技术具有潜在的广泛应用前景。它为肿块切除术和乳房切除术的相对有效性提供了令人信服的证据。
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引用次数: 0
Racial Disparities in Invasive ICU Treatments Among Septic Patients: High Resolution Electronic Health Records Analysis from MIMIC-IV. 败血症患者侵入性ICU治疗中的种族差异:来自MIMIC-IV的高分辨率电子健康记录分析。
IF 2.7 3区 工程技术 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-29 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/WDJI8829
Sara Mohammed, João Matos, Matthieu Doutreligne, Leo Anthony Celi, Tristan Struja

Background: Low-resolution administrative databases can give biased results, whereas high-resolution, time-stamped variables from clinical databases like MIMIC-IV might provide nuanced insights. We evaluated racial-ethnic disparities in life-sustaining ICU-treatments (Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (IMV), Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT), and Vasopressors (VP)) among patients with sepsis. Methods: In this observational retrospective cohort study, patients fulfilling sepsis-3 criteria were categorized by treatment assignment within the first 4 days. The outcomes were treatment allocations. The likelihood of receiving treatment was calculated by race-ethnicity (Racial-ethnic group (REG) or White group (WG)) using 5-fold sub-sampling nested logistic regression and XGBoost. Results: In 23,914 admissions, 82% were White, 42% were women. REG were less likely to receive IMV across all eligibility days (day 1 odds ratio (OR) 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.83-0.94, day 4 OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.72 - 0.87). There were no differences in RRT (day 1 OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.96-1.09, day 4 OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.94-1.06). REG were also less likely to be treated with VP at days 1 to 3 (day 1 OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76-0.94), but not at day 4 (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.87-1.01). These findings remained robust when relaxing eligibility criteria for treatment allocation. Conclusion: Our findings reveal significant disparities in the use of invasive life-saving ICU treatments among septic patients from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds, particularly with respect to IMV and VP use. These disparities underscore not only the need to address inequality in critical care settings, but also highlight the importance of high-resolution data.

背景:低分辨率管理数据库可能会给出有偏差的结果,而来自MIMIC-IV等临床数据库的高分辨率、带时间戳的变量可能会提供细微的见解。我们评估了败血症患者在维持生命的ICU治疗(有创机械通气(IMV)、肾脏替代治疗(RRT)和血管加压素(VP))方面的种族-民族差异。方法:在这项观察性回顾性队列研究中,符合sepsis-3标准的患者在最初4天内按治疗分配进行分类。结果是治疗分配。接受治疗的可能性通过种族-民族(种族-民族组(REG)或白人组(WG))使用5倍亚抽样嵌套逻辑回归和XGBoost计算。结果:在23914名住院患者中,82%为白人,42%为女性。REG在所有符合条件的天数内接受IMV的可能性较小(第1天比值比(OR)0.87,95%置信区间(CI)0.83-0.94,第4天比值比0.80,95%CI 0.72-0.87)。RRT没有差异(第1天比值比1.00,95%CI 0.96-1.09,第4天比值比1.0095%CI 0.94-1.06)。REG在第1-3天接受VP治疗的可能性也较小(第2天比值比0.87,95%CI 0.76-0.94),但在第4天没有(OR 0.95,95%CI 0.87-1.01)。当放宽治疗分配的资格标准时,这些发现仍然很有力。结论:我们的研究结果揭示了来自种族和少数民族背景的败血症患者在使用侵入性救生ICU治疗方面的显著差异,特别是在IMV和VP使用方面。这些差异不仅突出了解决重症监护环境中不平等问题的必要性,还突出了高分辨率数据的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Autonomy of the Living Cell, Driving Force of Evolution 活细胞的自主性,进化的驱动力
3区 工程技术 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-09 DOI: 10.17352/jbm.000040
Ford Brian J
Conventional biologists and medical doctors conceptualize the body as divided into cells. It is construed as a bag of organs, with one of everything down the center, and two of everything down the sides. My alternative view is the body as a community of autonomous living cells whose choreographed cohesion gives rise to the phenomenon we know as the body. Science reduces multicellular life to the biochemical interplay of its components, and systems biology to a concatenation of subunits acting according to the laws of chemistry and physics. Current studies of living cells concentrate on the subcellular components since mitochondria were designated the “powerhouse of the cell” though they can be seen to move, migrate, and respond to stimuli. Although we understand cells in communities and the organelles within each cell, we ignore the lives lived by individual cells as they conduct themselves in heuristic (decision-making) and in motivating evolutionary progress. Here we review original observations on the behavior of living cells and conclude that they are essential drivers of coordinated community cohesion.
传统的生物学家和医生将身体划分为细胞。它被解释为一袋器官,其中一个器官在中间,两个器官在两边。我的另一种观点是,身体是一个由自主的活细胞组成的社区,这些细胞精心编排的凝聚力产生了我们所知的身体现象。科学将多细胞生命归结为其组成部分之间的生物化学相互作用,将系统生物学归结为根据化学和物理定律作用的亚单位的串联。目前对活细胞的研究主要集中在亚细胞成分上,因为线粒体被认为是“细胞的动力源”,尽管它们可以移动、迁移和对刺激作出反应。虽然我们了解群体中的细胞和每个细胞内的细胞器,但我们忽略了单个细胞在启发式(决策)和推动进化过程中所过的生活。在这里,我们回顾了对活细胞行为的原始观察,并得出结论,它们是协调社区凝聚力的重要驱动力。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis, characterization, anti-cancer evaluation, and DNA-binding study of new bay-substituted perylene derivatives 新型海湾取代苝衍生物的合成、表征、抗癌评价及dna结合研究
IF 2.7 3区 工程技术 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.17352/jbm.000039
Abourajab Arwa, Mostafanejad S Melika, Dinleyici Meltem, Al-Khateeb Basma, Kunter Imge, Tuzmen Sukru, Icil Huriye
Two new perylene derivatives 1,7-di(3,5-diamino-pyrimidoxyl) perylene-3,4,9,10- tetracarboxylic acid bisanhydride (4) and 1,7-di(2-[3-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium-5-yl]) ethoxyperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic bisanhydride (6) have been synthesized. We aimed to study their interactions with G-quadruplex (G4) structures as potent G4 ligands and telomerase inhibitors. We used a PCR-amplified guanine-rich region from the human beta-globin gene, oligonucleotide from human telomeres (a-coreTT), an oncogene (c-kit), and SK-HEP-1 adenocarcinoma cells to characterize those compounds’ binding and stabilizing abilities to G4 structures and anti-cancer potential. All results obtained through UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopies, agarose gel electrophoresis, and MTT assay on SK-HEP-1 adenocarcinoma cells were in good agreement. Compounds 4 and 6 are promising DNA-binding and cytotoxic compounds with a relatively antiproliferative effect on the selected tumour. In all studies, the formal positive charge carrier, compound 6, showed higher activity in terms of anti-cancer effects. These results may help elucidate the feasibility of the perylene derivatives as future chemo-therapeutic agents.
合成了两个新的苝衍生物1,7-二(3,5-二氨基嘧啶)苝-3,4,9,10-四羧酸双酸酐(4)和1,7-二(2-[3-[(4-氨基-2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)甲基]-4-甲基-1,3-噻唑-3- -5-基])乙氧基苝-3,4,9,10-四羧酸双酸酐(6)。我们的目的是研究它们与g -四重体(G4)结构的相互作用,作为有效的G4配体和端粒酶抑制剂。我们使用pcr扩增的人β -珠蛋白基因富鸟嘌呤区、人端粒寡核苷酸(a- corett)、致癌基因(c-kit)和SK-HEP-1腺癌细胞来表征这些化合物与G4结构的结合和稳定能力以及抗癌潜力。通过对SK-HEP-1腺癌细胞的紫外可见光谱、荧光光谱、琼脂糖凝胶电泳和MTT分析,结果一致。化合物4和6是有希望的dna结合和细胞毒性化合物,对选定的肿瘤具有相对的抗增殖作用。在所有的研究中,形式正电荷载体化合物6在抗癌作用方面表现出更高的活性。这些结果有助于阐明苝衍生物作为未来化学治疗剂的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
Coffee, Citrus, and Alcohol: A Review of What We Drink and How it May Affect our Risk for Skin Cancer. 咖啡、柑橘和酒精:回顾我们喝什么以及它如何影响我们患皮肤癌的风险。
IF 2.7 3区 工程技术 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-06-30 eCollection Date: 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.59249/EVKO3455
Marcelo Paiva, Sara Yumeen, Benjamin J Kahn, Hongmei Nan, Eunyoung Cho, Elie Saliba, Abrar Qureshi
Climate change and environmental health are closely linked with agriculture and food supply. The environment influences accessibility, quality, and variety of foods and drinks that are available for consumption, which in turn influences population health. A growing area of research is the role of dietary intake of nutrients and how they may influence risk for skin cancer. In recent years, our group has studied dietary nutrients, particularly those found in commonly consumed beverages, such as those containing caffeine, citrus products, and alcohol, in large prospective cohorts to evaluate how their intake may influence risk for skin cancer. Our data suggest that intake of citrus juices, when consumed around once per day or more, or around 5 to 6 times per week, may be associated with increased risk for both keratinocyte carcinomas (KC) and malignant melanoma (MM). With regards to alcohol consumption, we have found that intake of white wine may be associated with increased risk for both KC and MM, while beer and red wine have not shown such associations. Lastly, our work suggests caffeinated beverages, including coffee, tea, and cola, may be associated with decreased risk for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and MM. While the associations between food intake and skin cancer development are complex, and remain to be further analyzed in future studies, we hope that our summary may help guide individuals to small changes they may make towards potentially reducing their risk for certain skin cancers.
气候变化和环境健康与农业和食品供应密切相关。环境影响着可供消费的食品和饮料的可获得性、质量和种类,进而影响着人口健康。一个不断扩大的研究领域是膳食摄入营养素的作用以及它们如何影响患皮肤癌的风险。近年来,我们的研究小组在大型前瞻性队列中研究了膳食营养素,尤其是常见饮料中的营养素,如含有咖啡因、柑橘类产品和酒精的饮料,以评估这些营养素的摄入如何影响皮肤癌的风险。我们的数据表明,摄入柑橘类果汁,如果每天摄入一次或更多,或每周摄入 5 到 6 次,可能会增加罹患角质细胞癌(KC)和恶性黑色素瘤(MM)的风险。在饮酒方面,我们发现白葡萄酒的摄入量可能与 KC 和 MM 风险的增加有关,而啤酒和红葡萄酒则没有显示出这种关联。最后,我们的研究表明,含咖啡因的饮料(包括咖啡、茶和可乐)可能与基底细胞癌(BCC)和多发性硬化症(MM)风险的降低有关。虽然食物摄入量与皮肤癌发病之间的关系很复杂,仍有待于在今后的研究中进一步分析,但我们希望我们的总结可以帮助指导人们做出一些小的改变,从而降低罹患某些皮肤癌的风险。
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引用次数: 1
Positive Association of Aggression with Ambient Temperature. 攻击行为与环境温度呈正相关。
IF 2.5 3区 工程技术 Q2 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-06-30 eCollection Date: 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.59249/RXZX5728
Satbyul Estella Kim, Yoonhee Kim, Masahiro Hashizume, Yasushi Honda, Oka Kazutaka, Yasuaki Hijioka, Ho Kim

Background: Relatively little attention has been paid to the potential effects of rising temperatures on changes in human behavior that lead to health and social consequences, including aggression. This study investigated the association between ambient temperature and aggression using assault death data from Seoul, South Korea (1991-2020). Methods: We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover analysis based on conditional logistic regression to control for relevant covariates. The exposure-response curve was explored, and stratified analyses were conducted by season and sociodemographic characteristics. Results: The overall risk of assault deaths significantly increased by 1.4% per 1°C increase in ambient temperature. A positive curvilinear relationship was observed between ambient temperature and assault deaths, which flattened out at 23.6°C during the warm season. Furthermore, risk increases were higher in males, teenagers, and those with the least education. Conclusion: This study highlighted the importance of understanding the impact of rising temperatures on aggression in the context of climate change and public health.

背景:相对而言,人们很少关注气温升高对人类行为变化的潜在影响,而这种变化会导致健康和社会后果,包括攻击行为。本研究利用韩国首尔(1991-2020 年)的攻击性死亡数据,调查了环境温度与攻击性之间的关系。研究方法我们基于条件逻辑回归进行了时间分层病例交叉分析,以控制相关协变量。探讨了暴露-反应曲线,并根据季节和社会人口特征进行了分层分析。结果显示环境温度每升高 1°C,袭击致死的总体风险就会显著增加 1.4%。环境温度与袭击死亡之间呈正曲线关系,在温暖季节,这一关系在 23.6°C 时趋于平缓。此外,男性、青少年和受教育程度最低的人群的风险增加更高。结论:这项研究强调了在气候变化和公共卫生背景下了解气温升高对攻击行为的影响的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
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Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
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