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Avoiding the pitfalls of direct linkage: A novelty-driven approach to measuring scientific impact on patents 避免直接联系的陷阱:衡量科学对专利影响的创新驱动方法
IF 3.4 2区 管理学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2025.101644
Nils M. Denter, Joe Waterstraat, Martin G. Moehrle
Scientific knowledge plays a major role in the generation of new technological knowledge. We present a new novelty-driven approach to measure the influence of science on patents. We overcome the weaknesses of previous methods based on either citations or semantic similarities, both representing direct linkages between documents. We combine patent novelty measurement with technology-specific, scientific dictionaries, which allow us to measure a patent's nearness to science by stable indirect linkages. We apply our indicator “science-driven novelty” to the testbed of RFID technology and confirm its validity by conducting an expert survey. Subsequently, we test how science impacts patent value, finding that scientific influence increases the average value of a patent. Our results suggest several implications. For academics, we recommend not relying solely on analyzing direct links between papers and patents to determine the influence of science on technology. For management, we provide a new tool to assess scientific influences in patents and thus the value of their company's own patent portfolio as well as the portfolios of third parties. Using text as data, the tool is viable at a very early stage and can be helpful in go/no-go decisions for technology management.
科学知识在新技术知识的产生中起着重要作用。我们提出了一种新的创新驱动的方法来衡量科学对专利的影响。我们克服了以前基于引用或语义相似度的方法的缺点,这两种方法都表示文档之间的直接联系。我们将专利新颖性测量与特定于技术的科学词典相结合,这使我们能够通过稳定的间接联系来测量专利与科学的接近程度。我们将我们的指标“科学驱动的新颖性”应用于RFID技术的试验台,并通过专家调查来证实其有效性。随后,我们检验了科学对专利价值的影响,发现科学影响增加了专利的平均价值。我们的研究结果提出了几点启示。对于学术界,我们建议不要仅仅依靠分析论文和专利之间的直接联系来确定科学对技术的影响。对于管理层来说,我们提供了一种新的工具来评估专利的科学影响,从而评估他们公司自己的专利组合以及第三方专利组合的价值。使用文本作为数据,该工具在非常早期的阶段是可行的,并且可以帮助技术管理做出是否进行的决策。
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引用次数: 0
Acknowledging the new invisible colleague: Addressing the recognition of Open AI contributions in in scientific publishing 承认新的隐形同事:解决在科学出版中对开放人工智能贡献的承认问题
IF 3.4 2区 管理学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2025.101642
Juan Gorraiz
This study investigates the evolving role of AI tools, such as ChatGPT, in academic research, with a focus on whether these tools are recognized as authors or co-authors, and how their contributions are cited or acknowledged across various fields. Using data from two major bibliometric sources, Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus, the analysis reveals patterns of AI citation, co-authorship, and acknowledgments. While some attempts have been made to credit AI as a co-author, ethical guidelines—such as those from COPE—prevent this due to AI's inability to fulfill the intellectual requirements for authorship. Instead, AI is increasingly cited as a source or mentioned in acknowledgments to ensure transparency in its use. The study further addresses the ethical implications of AI's role in disrupting traditional notions of intellectual reciprocity and bibliometric analysis. The future role of AI in research will depend on how challenges related to access, equity, and intellectual contribution are managed, determining whether AI will democratize research or exacerbate existing inequalities.
本研究调查了人工智能工具(如ChatGPT)在学术研究中的演变作用,重点关注这些工具是否被认可为作者或共同作者,以及它们的贡献如何在各个领域被引用或认可。使用来自两个主要文献计量来源的数据,Web of Science Core Collection和Scopus,分析揭示了人工智能引文、共同作者和致谢的模式。虽然有些人试图将人工智能作为合著者,但伦理准则——比如来自cope的准则——阻止了这一点,因为人工智能无法满足作者的智力要求。相反,人工智能越来越多地被引用为来源或在致谢中提及,以确保其使用的透明度。该研究进一步探讨了人工智能在颠覆智力互惠和文献计量分析的传统观念方面所起的伦理影响。人工智能在研究中的未来作用将取决于如何管理与获取、公平和智力贡献相关的挑战,这决定了人工智能是会使研究民主化,还是会加剧现有的不平等。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the predictability of new topics of scholars: A machine learning-based approach using knowledge networks 学者新课题的可预测性研究:基于知识网络的机器学习方法
IF 3.4 2区 管理学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2025.101637
Zhixiang Wu , Hucheng Jiang , Lianjie Xiao , Hao Wang , Jin Mao
Scholars continuously explore new research topics to drive personal academic achievements. While factors influencing topic selection exist, the predictability of scholars’ choices regarding new topics is not yet fully understood. To bridge the gap, this study investigates the predictability of new topics of scholars (NTS). The research task is transformed into a binary classification, predicting whether NTS that appear in the disciplinary knowledge network will be adopted by a scholar in the future. Using PubMed Knowledge Graph (PKG) as the data source, over 17,000 local knowledge networks (LKNs) of individual scholars are constructed, along with a global knowledge network (GKN) of all the scholars in the database. Sixteen features of knowledge network topology and candidate topics are extracted, and seven machine learning algorithms are applied. Our large-scale experiments show that the best prediction model achieves an F1 score of 86.49%. Shapley values provide more interpretable results. A 1-year observation window appears to be sufficient for making predictions. Novel topics and young scholars exhibit good predictability. Our findings provide profound insights into the predictability of scholars' topic selection and offer practical implications for future in-depth studies.
学者们不断探索新的研究课题,推动个人学术成就。虽然影响选题的因素是存在的,但学者对新选题的选择的可预测性还没有完全了解。为了弥补这一差距,本研究调查了学者对新主题的可预测性。将研究任务转化为二元分类,预测出现在学科知识网络中的NTS未来是否会被学者采用。以PubMed Knowledge Graph (PKG)为数据源,构建了17000多个学者个体的局部知识网络(lkn),以及数据库中所有学者的全球知识网络(GKN)。提取了16个知识网络拓扑特征和候选主题,并应用了7种机器学习算法。我们的大规模实验表明,最佳预测模型的F1得分为86.49%。Shapley值提供了更多可解释的结果。1年的观测窗口期似乎足以进行预测。新颖的话题和年轻的学者表现出良好的可预测性。我们的研究结果对学者选题的可预测性提供了深刻的见解,并为未来的深入研究提供了现实意义。
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引用次数: 0
Collaboration networks and radical innovation: Two faces of tie strength and structural holes 协作网络与激进创新:纽带强度与结构孔的两面
IF 3.4 2区 管理学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2024.101636
Jia Zhang , Jian Wang , Jos Winnink , Simcha Jong
This paper studies how tie strength and structural holes collectively affect innovation radicalness at a location within an innovating firm. We identified 16,011 inventors’ locations of the 93 most innovative U.S. pharmaceuticals and biotechnology companies on the EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard. We tracked their patents from 2001 to 2013 and constructed a panel dataset for analysis. Using firm-location fixed effect models, we found that the average tie strength of a location's egocentric network has a negative effect on innovation radicalness, and this negative effect is stronger when the location's egocentric network is cohesive. This suggests that weak ties have informational advantages for radical innovation, which are more pronounced when there is network cohesion to mitigate the relational disadvantages of weak ties. We also found a negative effect of structural holes on innovation radicalness when tie strength is weak but a positive effect when tie strength is strong. This indicates that strong ties are needed for mobilizing the informational advantages associated with structural holes.
本文研究了在创新企业内部某一地点,纽带强度和结构孔如何共同影响创新激进性。我们确定了欧盟工业研发投资记分牌上93家最具创新性的美国制药和生物技术公司的16,011个发明人所在地。我们从2001年到2013年追踪了他们的专利,并构建了面板数据集进行分析。利用企业-区位固定效应模型,我们发现,区位自我中心网络的平均联结强度对创新激进度有负向影响,且当区位自我中心网络具有内聚性时,这种负向影响更强。这表明弱联系对突破性创新具有信息优势,当存在网络内聚来缓解弱联系的关系劣势时,这种优势更为明显。研究还发现,当联系强度较弱时,结构孔对创新激进性的影响为负,而当联系强度较强时,结构孔对创新激进性的影响为正。这表明需要强有力的联系来调动与结构漏洞有关的信息优势。
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引用次数: 0
The inter-institutional and intra-institutional multi-affiliation authorships in the scientific papers produced by the well-ranked universities 排名靠前的大学发表的科学论文中,机构间和机构内的多归属作者
IF 3.4 2区 管理学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2024.101635
Chi-shiou Lin , Mu-hsuan Huang , Dar-zen Chen
The phenomenon of multi-affiliation in scientific authorship has increasingly garnered attention in scholarly communication. This study examines the extent and implications of multi-affiliation, distinguishing between intra-institutional and inter-institutional multi-affiliations, including their subtypes based on national and international affiliations. Utilizing data from the Web of Science, the study analyzes scientific papers from well-ranked global universities over a decade (2013–2022). The results indicate a significant prevalence of multi-affiliation, with 22.54 % of authorships and over half of the papers exhibiting at least one instance of multi-affiliation. The study finds notable variations in multi-affiliation trends across countries and subject fields. The findings raise critical questions about the impact of multi-affiliation on research evaluation and university rankings, suggesting a need for refined bibliometric measures and author guidance on affiliations to account for this growing trend.
科学作者的多隶属关系现象在学术交流中越来越受到关注。本研究考察了多隶属关系的范围和影响,区分了机构内和机构间的多隶属关系,包括基于国家和国际隶属关系的亚型。该研究利用科学网的数据,分析了十年间(2013-2022年)全球排名靠前的大学发表的科学论文。结果表明,多重隶属关系非常普遍,有22.54%的作者和超过一半的论文至少表现出一次多重隶属关系。研究发现,不同国家和学科领域的多隶属关系趋势存在显著差异。研究结果提出了关于多隶属关系对研究评估和大学排名的影响的关键问题,表明需要对隶属关系进行精确的文献计量措施和作者指导,以解释这一日益增长的趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Integration vs segregation: Network analysis of interdisciplinarity in funded and unfunded research on infectious diseases 整合与分离:传染病资助与非资助研究的跨学科网络分析
IF 3.4 2区 管理学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2024.101634
Anbang Du , Michael Head , Markus Brede
Interdisciplinary research fuels innovation. In this paper, we examine the interdisciplinarity of research output driven by funding. Considering 36 major infectious diseases, we model interdisciplinarity through temporal correlation networks based on funded and unfunded research from 1995-2022. Using hierarchical clustering, we identify coherent periods of time or regimes characterised by important research topics like vaccinations or the Zika outbreak. We establish that funded research is less interdisciplinary than unfunded research, but the effect has decreased markedly over time. In terms of network growth, we find a tendency of funded research to focus on readily established connections leading to compartmentalisation and conservatism. In contrast, unfunded research tends to be exploratory and bridge distant knowledge leading to knowledge integration. Our results show that interdisciplinary research on prominent infectious diseases like HIV and tuberculosis tends to have strong bridging effects facilitating global knowledge integration in the network. At the periphery of the network, we observe the emergence of vaccination-related and Zika-related knowledge clusters, both with limited systemic impact. We further show that despite the surge in publications related to COVID-19, its systematic impact on the disease network remains relatively low. Overall, this research provides a generalisable framework to examine the impact of funding in interdisciplinary knowledge creation. It can assist in priority setting, for example with horizon scanning for new and emerging threats to health, such as pandemic planning. Policymakers, funding agencies, and research institutions should consider revamping evaluation systems to reward interdisciplinary work and implement mechanisms that promote and support intelligent risk-taking.
跨学科研究推动创新。在本文中,我们考察了由资助驱动的研究产出的跨学科性。考虑到36种主要传染病,我们基于1995-2022年资助和未资助的研究,通过时间相关网络建立跨学科模型。通过分层聚类,我们确定了以疫苗接种或寨卡病毒爆发等重要研究课题为特征的连贯时期或制度。我们确定,受资助的研究比未受资助的研究更少跨学科,但随着时间的推移,这种影响显著下降。在网络增长方面,我们发现受资助的研究倾向于关注容易建立的联系,从而导致划分和保守。相比之下,未获得资助的研究往往是探索性的,并将遥远的知识连接起来,从而导致知识整合。我们的研究结果表明,对艾滋病毒和结核病等突出传染病的跨学科研究往往具有很强的桥接效应,促进了网络中的全球知识整合。在该网络的外围,我们观察到出现了与疫苗接种和寨卡病毒相关的知识集群,两者都具有有限的系统性影响。我们进一步表明,尽管与COVID-19相关的出版物激增,但其对疾病网络的系统性影响仍然相对较低。总的来说,本研究提供了一个概括性的框架来检验资助对跨学科知识创造的影响。它可以协助确定优先事项,例如对新的和正在出现的健康威胁进行水平扫描,例如大流行病规划。决策者、资助机构和研究机构应考虑改革评估体系,以奖励跨学科工作,并实施促进和支持明智冒险的机制。
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引用次数: 0
Unveiling intrinsic interactions of science and technology in artificial intelligence using a network portrait divergence approach 利用网络画像发散方法揭示人工智能中科学技术的内在相互作用
IF 3.4 2区 管理学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2024.101630
Kai Meng , Zhichao Ba , Chunying Wang , Gang Li
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is experiencing unprecedented innovation and transformation, potentially attributed to intimate interactions between science and technology (S&T) within the field. To identify S&T linkages and detect intrinsic interactions within AI, this paper introduces a network portrait divergence approach, where S&T knowledge networks are prototyped as two-dimensional network portraits based on graph-invariant probability distributions, and comparing them by coupling network portrait divergence with knowledge content. Specifically, S&T knowledge of AI is first extracted and unified through KeyBERT and word-alignment algorithms. Subsequently, temporal S&T knowledge networks are constructed and visualized as two network portraits: node portraits and edge-weight portraits. Network portrait divergence, an information-theoretic, graph-like measure for comparing networks, is applied to calculate varying S&T portrait divergences. Finally, internal knowledge flows within S&T and dynamic interactions between them are unearthed based on multiscale backbone analysis. Empirical experiments on both synthetic networks (random graph ensembles) and real-world AI datasets underscore the feasibility and reliability of the network portrait divergence approach.
人工智能(AI)正在经历前所未有的创新和转型,这可能归因于该领域内科学与技术之间的密切互动。为了识别S&;T联系并检测人工智能内部的内在相互作用,本文引入了一种网络画像发散方法,其中S&;T知识网络基于图不变概率分布原型化为二维网络画像,并通过将网络画像发散与知识内容耦合进行比较。具体来说,AI的S&;T知识首先通过KeyBERT和单词对齐算法进行提取和统一。随后,构建了时态知识网络,并将其可视化为两个网络画像:节点画像和边权画像。网络肖像散度是一种信息论的、类似图的网络比较度量,用于计算不同的S&;T肖像散度。最后,基于多尺度主干分析,揭示了S&;T内部的知识流动和知识流动之间的动态交互作用。在合成网络(随机图集合)和现实世界的人工智能数据集上进行的经验实验强调了网络肖像发散方法的可行性和可靠性。
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引用次数: 0
Integrating persistence process into the analysis of technology convergence using STERGM 利用STERGM将持久性过程集成到技术融合分析中
IF 3.4 2区 管理学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2024.101632
Guancan Yang , Di Liu , Ling Chen , Kun Lu
Understanding the dynamics of technology convergence is indispensable for both academic and industrial perspectives. Traditional analyses have mainly focused on the link formation process, overlooking the role that persistence process plays in shaping technology networks. This paper endeavors to fill this gap by incorporating the persistence process into the analysis of technology convergence using the Separate Temporal Exponential Random Graph Model (STERGM). Utilizing a decade-long dataset of breast cancer drug patents, we provide a comprehensive view of technology convergence mechanisms and their predictive capabilities. Our findings reveal significant differences in network effects between formation and persistence processes, indicating that focusing on only one may misrepresent the evolution of technology networks. The combined model achieves an F1 score of 69.54% in empirical forecasting, confirming its practical utility. Additionally, we introduce Intensification Networks to examine how existing ties strengthen or weaken over time, uncovering the critical role of intensification in the long-term evolution of technology convergence. By capturing both the formation of new ties and the intensification of existing ones, our model offers a more nuanced and forward-looking understanding of convergence dynamics, particularly in identifying potential areas for future technology convergence.
从学术和工业的角度来看,理解技术融合的动态是必不可少的。传统的分析主要集中在链接形成过程,忽视了持续过程在技术网络形成中的作用。本文试图通过使用分离时间指数随机图模型(STERGM)将持久性过程纳入技术收敛分析来填补这一空白。利用长达十年的乳腺癌药物专利数据集,我们提供了技术融合机制及其预测能力的全面视图。我们的研究结果揭示了形成过程和持续过程之间网络效应的显著差异,表明只关注一个过程可能会误解技术网络的演变。组合模型的经验预测F1得分为69.54%,验证了其实用性。此外,我们引入了强化网络来研究现有联系如何随着时间的推移而增强或减弱,揭示了强化在技术融合的长期演变中的关键作用。通过捕捉新关系的形成和现有关系的加强,我们的模型提供了对融合动态的更细致和前瞻性的理解,特别是在确定未来技术融合的潜在领域方面。
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引用次数: 0
Evolution and effect of meeting abstracts in JCR journals JCR期刊会议摘要的演变与影响
IF 3.4 2区 管理学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2024.101631
David Melero-Fuentes , Remedios Aguilar-Moya , Juan-Carlos Valderrama-Zurián , Juan Gorraiz
The purpose of the present study is to analyse the presence and evolution in the last 13 years of the document type “Meeting Abstract” in the database where they are best represented, i.e. in the Web of Science Core Collection. We have also studied in which categories and in which type of journals they have a significant presence.
Frequency analyses of meeting abstracts (absolute and ratios) were performed on years, indexes, categories and topics variables, and the Impact Factor was calculated without the citations obtained by the meeting abstracts.
The results obtained show that in disciplines such as Clinical Medicine, Neuroscience & Behavior. and Biology & Biochemistry, they play a very important role due to both their number and the number of attracted citations, and that they are regularly published in top journals, including Q1 according to the Journal of Citation Reports. Our results also corroborate the hypothesis that they inflate the Impact Factor and therefore are one of the reasons for the high absolute values of this indicator in categories like Oncology and Hematology.
This study is of great relevance for researchers and policymakers, because it helps to identify in which disciplines Meeting Abstracts have relevance and they should be considered for the calculation of indicators in bibliometric practices, and opens the door to research into their relationship with other documentary typologies within the social processes of scientific communication in different sciences.
本研究的目的是分析“会议摘要”这一文件类型在数据库(即Web of Science核心馆藏)中最具代表性的存在和演变。我们还研究了他们在哪些类别和哪种类型的期刊上有重要的存在。对会议摘要的年份、指标、类别和主题变量进行频率分析(绝对值和比率),计算影响因子(Impact Factor),不考虑会议摘要获得的引用。结果表明,在临床医学、神经科学等学科中;的行为。和生物&;它们在生物化学中扮演着非常重要的角色,因为它们的数量和吸引引用的数量,而且它们经常发表在顶级期刊上,根据《期刊引用报告》(Journal of Citation Reports),包括Q1。我们的研究结果也证实了一个假设,即它们夸大了影响因子,因此是该指标在肿瘤学和血液学等类别中绝对值高的原因之一。本研究对研究人员和政策制定者具有重要意义,因为它有助于确定哪些学科的会议摘要具有相关性,并且在文献计量实践中应该考虑这些指标的计算,并为研究不同科学科学传播社会过程中会议摘要与其他文献类型学的关系打开了大门。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “A framework armed with node dynamics for predicting technology convergence” [Journal of Informetrics 18 (2024) 101583] “用节点动态预测技术融合的框架”的更正[Journal of Informetrics 18 (2024) 101583]
IF 3.4 2区 管理学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2024.101629
Guancan Yang , Jiaxin Xing , Shuo Xu , Yuntian Zhao
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引用次数: 0
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