Mycokeys最新文献

The species diversity of the ectomycorrhizal family Inocybaceae is poorly understood in tropical regions. The present work concerns a survey of macrofungi from Motuo in Xizang, which is located at the northern edge of China's tropical zone. Three new species were identified using morphological features and DNA sequences (ITS, LSU and RPB2). Inocybe flavitomentosa sp. nov. belongs to section Umbraticae. It has a yellow, densely hairy cap and angular spores with faint knobs. This is the first species in its group to be found in the Chinese tropics. Inocybe motuoensis sp. nov. forms a basal branch in the I. xanthomelas group. It is the only purely tropical species in this group. It has a yellowish-brown cap, no caulocystidia and spores bearing 7-11 rounded nodules. Inocybe subchondrospora sp. nov. belongs to the I. fibrosoides group. Resembling the northern species I. chondrospora, it has smaller spores (10.1-12.9 × 6.0-7.2 µm) and grows in subalpine areas at an elevation of 2,400-2,500 m. These discoveries expand the known range of Inocybe in tropical Asia and support the idea that the I. xanthomelas group likely originated in tropical regions.

Six new species are described: Acarospora anthracina, A. austrooccidentalis, A. oscurensis, and A. profusa from southwestern North America; A. aquatica from wetlands in eastern North America; and A. minuta from the Holarctic flora of Canada. In total, 13 species of Acarosporaceae with carbonized epihymenial accretions are known from North America. No European taxa of Acarospora or Sarcogyne with carbonized epihymenial accretions were found in North America, except A. lapponica, which is part of the Holarctic flora in Alaska, and the lichenicolous calciphyte Sarcogyne pusilla. A key to North American Acarosporaceae with carbonized epihymenial accretions is provided. Sarcogyne joshuaensis is transferred to Acarospora.

Pleosporales, the largest order within Ascomycota, is globally distributed and exhibits remarkable host diversity. Fagaceae, a plant family of significant ecological importance in the Northern Hemisphere, harbors a wide array of fungal species. During an investigation of pleosporalean fungi associated with woody litter from Fagaceae plants, dead wood samples with fungal fruiting bodies were collected in Henan and Jiangxi provinces, China. In this study, we describe two novel species, Pseudothyridariella fagacearum and Phaeoseptum biyangense, and report a new host record for Byssosphaeria siamensis. These taxa are formally characterized using an integrative taxonomic approach, which combines detailed morphological characterization with maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) phylogenetic analyses of multi-locus sequence data (ITS, LSU, SSU, rpb2, and tef1-α). The newly designated species can be morphologically distinguished from other members of the respective genera based on the size of the asci and ascospores. This comprehensive study enhances our understanding of microfungi associated with Fagaceae, contributing to the knowledge of China's biodiversity.

During a survey of fungal diversity of plant litter in China, numerous isolates with affinity to Pleosporales (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) were recovered. Morphology, coupled with phylogenetic analyses using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference on combined LSU, SSU, ITS, tub2, and tef1-α sequence data, revealed that these isolates belong to the families Acrocalymmaceae and Didymosphaeriaceae, and are introduced as Acrocalymma poaceicola sp. nov. and Neptunomyces chinensis sp. nov. In addition, five new host records, A. ampeli, Neokalmusia arundinis, Paraconiothyrium archidendri, Pseudopithomyces chartarum, and Spegazzinia deightonii are reported from litter of Livistona chinensis, Sporobolus alterniflorus, Citrus maxima, Hedychium coronarium, and Arundo pliniana, respectively. All the new species and host records were compared with phylogenetically and morphologically closely related species, and detailed descriptions, micrographs, and phylogenetic analysis results are provided.

Calycina (Pezizellaceae, Helotiales) is a heterogeneous group, and the taxonomic classification is frequently revised due to unclear phylogenetic relationships. To date, a total of 35 species in this genus have been documented, with six recorded in China, including four species that are endemic to the country. Calycina species are reported in their sexual and asexual morphs, and the phylogenetic placements of several species remain unresolved due to the lack of molecular data. During a study on the fungal diversity of southwestern China, six specimens were collected and analyzed using both morphological characterizations and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses (LSU and ITS). The results revealed two new species, C. botanica and C. xishuangbanica, and the first sexual report of C. brevipes, with detailed morphological descriptions and phylogenetic trees.

This study shows that Lecanora cavicola and L. subcavicola are closely related to the recently described genus Pulvinora. These taxa are nested in a sister position to the known Pulvinora spp. in a phylogenetic reconstruction based on three loci: mtSSU, nuITS, and nuLSU. The clade incorporating all the above-mentioned taxa is shown to be monophyletic and strongly supported. Consequently, a broader circumscription of the genus is proposed, along with two new taxonomic combinations: Pulvinora cavicola (Creveld) Mazur & Śliwa and Pulvinora subcavicola (B.D. Ryan) Mazur & Śliwa. Additionally, based on similarity to other members of Pulvinora, a new combination for Lecanora brandegeei is made. A key for the identification of all Pulvinora species is provided as well.

Violella yunnanensis C. J. Zhong & L. Hu is described as new to science. It is characterized by its esorediate, areolate to weakly warted thallus, hymenium heavily pigmented with Fucatus-violet pigment, brownish inner ascospore walls, and its chemistry (atranorin and fumarprotocetraric acid). In addition, we collected specimens of Mycoblastus sinensis Kantvilas and Violella wangii T. Sprib. & Goffinet from the holotype localities. Mycoblastus sinensis is transferred to the genus Violella based on its morphology, chemistry and phylogeny, and it is proposed as Violella sinensis (Kantvilas) C. J. Zhong & L. Hu. The morphological descriptions, pictures and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the species are provided, along with a key to the Violella species known from world.

In recent years, there has been certain progress in the research on fungal diversity in Yunnan Province, China, particularly in aquatic habitats. This study introduces two new species, Ellisembia yuxiense and Sporidesmium ailaoshanense, as well as a new host record of Sporidesmium tropicale on Pinus yunnanensis from freshwater habitats in Yunnan Province. All taxa were identified by integrating morphological traits with phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU, ITS, and rpb2 DNA sequences. Comprehensive morpho-anatomical descriptions and detailed illustrations are provided to elucidate the characteristics of each taxon.

Three new species, Lecidea flavothallia, L. sublaboriosa, and L. tibetica, are reported from China based on morphological, chemical, and molecular characters. Lecidea flavothallia is characterized by an orange thallus and the presence of schizopeltic acid. Lecidea sublaboriosa is characterized by a sparsely developed thallus, brown hypothecium, and the presence of 4-O-demethylplanaic acid in the apothecia. Lecidea tibetica is characterized by a well-developed thallus, I+ violet medulla, hyaline to pale straw-colored hypothecium, and the presence of 2'-O-methyperlatolic acid as the major secondary metabolite. All of the new species were collected from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Southwest China. Detailed descriptions, discussions, and figures are provided for each species, along with a key for all known Chinese Lecidea s. str. species.

Specimens of three unnamed club-shaped fungi, collected from the Hengduan Mountains region in China, are formally described as Clavariadelphus acuminatus, C. miniatus, and C. pseudoelongatus. Based on ITS, nrLSU, ATP6, and TEF1 sequence data, a multigene phylogenetic analysis indicated that the three new species each formed a distinct lineage within the Clavariadelphus clade with strong support. Descriptions, illustrations, and the results of molecular phylogenetic analyses for the three newly discovered species are presented. A taxonomic key for the known Clavariadelphus species in China is provided.