Mycokeys最新文献

Rust fungi associated with Rubus were collected across diverse locations in Guizhou Province, and three new species - Gerwasiaamphidasydis on Rubusamphidasys, Phragmidiumcoreanicola on Rubuscoreanus, and Phragmidiumparvifolius on Rubusparvifolius are introduced. These novel species are described based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the ITS and LSU loci. Additionally, Gerwasiarubi-setchuenensis is introduced as a new host record on Rubusbuergeri. The study includes comprehensive morpho-anatomical descriptions, detailed illustrations, and a phylogenetic tree, providing insights into the taxonomic placement and relationships of these novel taxa within their respective lineages.

Few studies have been conducted on Mycena species in Hunan Province, China. During our research on the species diversity of Mycena in Hunan Province, we identified approximately 30 Mycena species based on morphological and molecular evidence. Five species are recognized herein as new to science, namely, M.fulvomarginata, M.huangsangensis, M.hongfengensis, M.subroriduliformis, and M.roseolamellata. The phylogenetic analyses of a combined ITS and LSU sequence dataset revealed that five new species each formed an independent lineage that could separate phenotypically similar and phylogenetically related species. Descriptions, photographs, and phylogenetic analysis results are provided for the five new species, along with the comparisons with related species. A key to all Mycena species found in Hunan is also provided.

Russulales comprises a highly diverse group of species with respect to basidiomata morphology and hymenophore configuration, in which this order is highly heterogeneous, that can be classified as resupinate, effused-reflexed, discoid, clavarioid, pileate, or stipitate, and with varied hymenophores such as smooth, hydnoid, poroid, and lamellate in different russuloid species. Species in Russulales have been considered to have significant economic value. Six new wood-inhabiting fungi belonging to the genera Conferticium, Gloeocystidiellum, and Peniophora of two families, Peniophoraceae and Stereaceae (Russulales), were found in southwest China. Sequences of ITS+nLSU loci of six new taxa were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with the maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods with an emphasis on the phylogeny of wood-inhabiting smooth species in this order. The combined ITS+nLSU loci analysis showed that the six new species grouped within the order Russulales, in which Conferticiumtuberculatum, Gloeocystidiellumcremeum, and G.fissuratum grouped into the family Stereaceae, and Peniophoraalbohymenia, P.hengduanensis, and P.punctata grouped into the family Peniophoraceae. The morphology and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses confirmed the novelty and placement of the six new taxa. Descriptions, illustrations, and phylogenetic analysis results of the new taxa are provided.

In a survey of tropical plant diseases in southern and southeastern Iran, samples of diseased Mangiferaindica and Psidiumguava leaves with necrotic symptoms were collected between 2021 and 2022. Six representative isolates of Neopestalotiopsis and Robillarda (three isolates for each) were studied using morphological characteristics as well as multi-locus phylogenetic analysis based on (i) the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear rDNA, (ii) part of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), and (iii) the β-tubulin (tub2). After morphological investigation, our phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Neopestalotiopsis and Robillarda isolates under study differed from all previously described species within these genera. Based on our polyphasic approach, two new species, including Neopestalotiopsisguava sp. nov. from necrotic Mangiferaindica and Robillardakhodaparastii sp. nov. from Psidiumguava are described and illustrated from Iran.

A survey of the fungal diversity associated with mixed pastures from Eastern Cape dairy farms in South Africa led to the isolation of 155 Fusarium strains that belong to the Fusariumincarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC). Using single and multigene phylogenies based on partial sequences of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF), calmodulin (CaM), and the partial RNA polymerase second largest subunit (RPB2) genes, we identified 11 species. They included F.brevicaudatum, F.clavus, F.coffeatum, F.croceum, F.goeppertmayerae, and F.heslopiae, with five species that were found to be new. Based on morphological and phylogenetic data, three new species are formally described here as F.cumulatum, F.mariecurieae, and F.pascuum. We also provided a description for F.goeppertmayerae, as the authors who identified and named this species did not include one. We have chosen to not describe the remaining species, as our cultures lack proper morphological structure development. This study shows that mixed pastures harbour a diverse range of Fusarium species and highlights the need for further studies into their potential to impact animal health.

The phylogenetic relationships and morphological diversity within European Collema s. str. species were investigated. A total of 104 new sequences (four molecular markers; mtSSU, b-tub, MCM7, and RPB2 genes) from 28 specimens were generated, and analysed and used for multi-locus phylogenetic analyses. Our results suggest that Collema is only monophyletic if Collemaglebulentum is considered part of Leptogium s. str. where it originally was described. This is supported by its paraplectenchymatous thallus. Degelius´ informal Collema "Flaccidum"- and "Nigrescens"-groups are not natural, as the "Flaccidum"-group is nested within the "Nigrescens"-group. Based on our findings, seven currently accepted Collema occur in Europe: C.flaccidum, C.subflaccidum, C.curtisporum, C.furfuraceum, C.nigrescens, C.ryssoleum, and C.subnigrescens. Collemafurfuraceum is further non-monophyletic, suggesting a need for taxonomic revision.

Sordariomycetes species are abundant in woody litter samples. In this study, we introduce two novel species, Diaporthethailandica (Diaporthaceae) and Occultithecachiangraiensis (Xylariaceae), from woody litter materials. We also describe a new host record of D.tulliensis and a new geographical record for D.melonis. All collections were identified based on morphology and phylogenetic analyses of combined datasets. The morphologies of the taxa fit the generic concepts of Diaporthe and Occultitheca, respectively. Diaporthethailandica formed a sister clade with D.raonikayaporum but differs from D.raonikayaporum in the sizes of conidiomata, conidiogenous cells, and beta conidia. Diaporthethailandica also differs from D.raonikayaporum by the absence of gamma conidia. Occultithecachiangraiensis differs from the sister taxon O.rosae in having smaller ascomata and a thicker mucilaginous sheath. We also provide a synopsis of Occultitheca species with details on their morphology, host, and country. These findings provide valuable insights into the diversity and ecological roles of Sordariomycetes, emphasising the need for continued exploration of fungal biodiversity in various environments.

Simplicillium and Leptobacillium, sister genera in the family Cordycipitaceae, exhibit a broad range of hosts or substrates. The identification of two novel species, from Simplicillium and Leptobacillium, was achieved by analysing morphological characteristics and phylogenetic data obtained from six molecular markers (ITS, nrSSU, nrLSU, tef-1α, rpb1 and rpb2). The two recently documented species are S.puwenense and L.longiphialidum. Morphologically, S.puwenense possessed slender solitary rod-shaped or columnar phialides with elliptical oval or cylindrical conidia forming small spherical heads at the apex of phialides. On the other hand, L.longiphialidum had solitary columnar phialides with elliptic or subspherical apical conidia while other conidia were narrow columnar or fusiform in shape. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that S.puwenense formed an independent branch as a sister species to S.formicae, whereas L.longiphialidum clustered with L.marksiae exhibiting stable topological structure. The Bayesian inference posterior probability and the maximum likelihood bootstrap-ratio provided robust statistical evidence, indicating the presence of two novel species within the genera of Simplicillium and Leptobacillium. The present study contributes to the discovery of species diversity in Simplicillium and Leptobacillium, while also providing a taxonomic foundation for their rational development and sustainable utilisation.

Wood-decaying fungi represent a vital group of higher fungi that drive the cycling of matter and energy in forest ecosystems, and they have been the focus of thorough investigation. In this study, five new species, viz. Botryobasidiumdaweishanense, Inonotussubglobisporum, Kneiffiellabubalina, Xylodongranulanoides, and X.granulans from China, are described and illustrated based on the morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses, in which the sequences of ITS+nLSU genes were used for the phylogenetic analyses by maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogeny revealed that the Botryobasidiumdaweishanense groups with three taxa, viz., B.intertextum, B.leptocystidiatum, and B.subcoronatum. Inonotussubglobisporum is closely related to I.radiatus. Kneiffiellabubalina clustered sister to K.subalutacea. Xylodongranulanoides and X.granulans have a close relationship with X.bambusinus, X.fissuratus, X.subclavatus, X.montanus, and X.wenshanensis. Additionally, Xylodongranulanoides and X.granulans clustered together. Botryobasidiumdaweishanense is characterized by an araneose hymenial surface, fusiform, and cyanophilous basidiospores (6.1-7.3 × 3.3-3.9 μm). Inonotussubglobisporum is characterized by perennial basidiomata with lateral stipes, polygon pores measuring 4-6 per mm, and subglobose, cyanophilous basidiospores (3.6-4.3 × 2.8-3.5 μm). Kneiffiellabubalina is characterized by cream basidiomata and cylindrical to slightly allantoid basidiospores (8.0-8.9 × 1.8-2.3 μm). Xylodongranulanoides is characterized by grandinioid hymenial surfaces, various cystidia, and broadly ellipsoid, thick-walled basidiospores (4.7-5.3 × 3.6-4.1 μm). Xylodongranulans is characterized by grandinioid hymenial surfaces, capitate and clavate cystidia, and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores (3.8-4.2 × 2.9-3.3 μm). Phylogenetic analysis based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and nuclear large subunit RNA (nLSU) shows that the four species are members of Hymenochaetales, and one belongs to Cantharellales. All five new species are compared with morphologically and phylogenetically closely related species. The present study contributes to understanding the species diversity, taxonomy, and phylogeny of macrofungi in Southwestern China.

Based on morphological and molecular evidence, 12 specimens have been identified as belonging to three previously unrecognized species of Clavaria, which are here described as C.divergens, C.orientalis, and C.tongdaoensis. Clavariadivergens is characterized by its branched, white basidiomata. Clavariaorientalis and C.tongdaoensis are very similar to C.zollingeri in the field. However, C.orientalis is distinguished by its more robust branches, while C.tongdaoensis differs by its varied or paler color of basidiomata. A concatenated sequence dataset (ITS-nrLSU-RPB2) was used for multi-locus phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic tree of Clavaria showed that the three branched species each formed a distinct lineage with strong support. A key to the known branched species of Clavaria in China is provided.