Mycokeys最新文献

This study reports on two new species, Ophiocordyceps simaoensis and O. guishanensis, from Yunnan Province, Southwestern China. These two species are introduced based on the morphological comparisons and phylogenetic evidence of a multigene dataset (nrSSU, nrLSU, tef-1α, rpb1, and rpb2). Phylogenetic analyses reveal that O. simaoensis is closely related to O. longistipes and O. fusiformis, whereas O. guishanensis shares a close relationship with O. acicularis and O. liaoningensis. Morphologically, O. simaoensis can be distinguished from its phylogenetically close relatives by its smaller, immersed perithecia, shorter asci and ascospores. Ophiocordyceps guishanensis differs from O. acicularis and O. liaoningensis by its smaller asci.

Two new species of Leucoinocybe from southern China are described, illustrated, and compared with phenotypically similar and phylogenetically related species. Morphologically, L. danxiashanensis sp. nov. is characterized by its mycenoid basidiomata, light brown to brownish orange pileus with faintly yellow striations, decurrent lamellae, abundant lageniform to obclavate and thin-walled cystidia on pileus and stipe surface, and broadly ellipsoid to subamygdaliform basidiospores; and L. haizhuensis sp. nov. is characterized by its mycenoid basidiomata, brown, light brown to yellowish white pileus with pubescent, 2-spored basidia, ovoid, diverse cheilocystidia and elliptical to broadly elliptical basidiospores. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU) and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) supported them as two distinct species of Leucoinocybe.

During our ongoing research on seagrass-associated fungi in Kalpitiya, Puttalam Lagoon, Sri Lanka, ten endophytic fungal strains have been isolated from healthy leaves, roots, and rhizomes of Enhalus acoroides. A surface sterilization method was used for the isolation of fungi. Pure cultures obtained were induced to sporulate. Phylogenetic analyses based on multi-gene regions (ITS, LSU, SSU, rpb2, and tef1-α) were carried out for species identification. Neodevriesia zeylanica Wijayaw. et al. and Neooccultibambusa zeylanica Wijayaw. et al. are introduced as novel species, along with two new country and host records, i.e., Neodevriesia saximollicula D.S.Paiva and Thalassodendromyces purpureus Vohník & Réblová. Two strains have been confirmed as Halophilomyces hongkongensis Xiao Wang et al. (nom. invalid), the type species of Halophilomyces Xiao Wang et al. (nom. invalid). Halophilomyces hongkongensis (based on the newly isolated strains) has been validated and provided with a new name, Halophilomyces zeylanica Wijayaw. et al., along with the designation of a new holotype and ex-type, respectively.

Endophytic fungi associated with roots of the baobab tree (Adansonia digitata L.) remain poorly documented in terms of species diversity worldwide. During an ongoing fungal survey in the dry-hot valleys of Honghe (Yunnan Province, China), five endophytic fungal strains were isolated from healthy roots of A. digitata. Based on multi-locus phylogenetic analyses of four loci (ITS, LSU, SSU, and rpb2), combined with morphological observations, all five strains were identified as belonging to the genus Polyschema. Hence, three novel species are introduced in the present study, namely P. adansoniae-digitatae, P. hongheense, and P. radicicola. This study constitutes the first record of Polyschema from mainland China. Detailed morphological descriptions, illustrations, and phylogenetic placements of the three new species are provided. Additionally, the species diversity, morphology, and phylogeny of Polyschema are updated and discussed. These findings enrich knowledge of endophytic fungal diversity associated with baobab in China and provide insights into the taxonomy and diversity of Polyschema. Furthermore, an updated discussion on the ecology and genera within the family Latoruaceae is presented.

The evolution of angiocarpic fruiting bodies has occurred numerous times across Russulaceae (Russulales, Basidiomycota). A unique example of a tropical region with an unusually large number of such sequestrate taxa is the humid rainforests of Sri Lanka. In this paper, we describe two new sequestrate species of Russula subg. Russula from Sri Lanka, Russula botrytigustata sp. nov. and Russula ciceriformis sp. nov., based on molecular phylogenetic analyses and extensive morphological descriptions. A key to all sequestrate Russulaceae known from South and Southeast Asia, including these newly described taxa, is provided. Lastly, the possible adaptive advantages that may explain the high abundance of sequestrate fungi in these rainforests are discussed.

During a survey of microfungal diversity in Guizhou Province, southwestern China, four helicosporous taxa were collected and isolated from decaying wood in both freshwater and terrestrial habitats. Phylogenetic analyses based on LSU, ITS, tef1-α, and rpb2 sequences, along with morphological assessments, revealed two new species: Neohelicomyces saprobicus and N. uniramulosus. Morphologically, Neohelicomyces saprobicus differs from its close relative N. sexualis by its asexual mode of reproduction, in contrast to the sexual reproduction observed in N. sexualis. Neohelicomyces uniramulosus is distinguished from its close relative N. helicosporus and N. hyalosporus by its conidiophores. Detailed morphological descriptions, illustrations, and taxonomic notes are provided. In addition, the present study summarizes the main morphological characteristics, host associations, and geographical distributions of Neohelicomyces.

In this study, two new species of genus Conocybe are described, based on morpho-anatomical and phylogenetic analyses of ITS and LSU (28S) regions. According to phylogenetic analyses, Conocybe kotadduensis & C. safariensis make a separate clade with a strong bootstrap value from the closest species of the genus Conocybe, sect. Pilosellae. Conocybe kotadduensis is closest to C. nitrophila, while C. safariensis is closer to C. ceracea. Conocybe kotadduensis differs from C. nitrophila due to pale yellow, parabolic pileus with velvety surface, scabrous surface of stipe, amygdaliform to ovoid, yellowish basidiospores, broad, fusiform, cylindrical cells of lecythiform cheilocystidia, sphero-pedunculate to obovoid, globose to sub-globose pileipellis elements. Conocybe safariensis can be distinguished from C. ceracea in having a conical to convex pileus, orange to light gray stipe, fusiform to lacrymoid basidiospores, obovoid to subglobose basidia, ellipsoid to globose cheilocystidia, and absence of pleurocystidia.

The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, located in northern China, represents a temperate semi-arid ecosystem dominated by steppe vegetation and characterized by rich, yet understudied, fungal diversity. During an investigation of microfungi associated with decaying plant materials in the desert regions of Inner Mongolia, two novel species of Comoclathris were collected and isolated. Detailed morphological examinations and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses based on ITS, LSU, SSU, and rpb2 sequence data support the establishment of these taxa as novel species: Comoclathris desertica and C. xiangshawanensis. These two species are described and illustrated herein, with particular attention to their differences from similar species with respect to ascomatal structures and ascospore morphology. The discovery of these new taxa expands the known diversity and distribution of Comoclathris in China and provides new insights into the saprobic fungal communities of semi-arid regions. This study also highlights the ecological and taxonomic significance of continued surveys on saprobic fungi in grassland and desert ecosystems of northern China.

Cinnamomum cassia is a renowned medicinal and aromatic plant with significant economic importance and broad pharmacological applications. This study investigates the taxonomy and diversity of endophytic fungi belonging to the order Diaporthales, isolated from this plant in Guangdong Province, China. A total of six isolates were obtained from healthy leaves. These isolates were examined using morphological characteristics and multilocus phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU), and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1). Phylogenetic reconstructions inferred from maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference, together with morphological evidence, revealed that the isolates represent three distinct and previously undescribed species, which are herein described as Gnomoniopsis luodingensis sp. nov. (Gnomoniaceae), Ternstroemiomyces cinnamomi sp. nov., and Ternstroemiomyces zhaoqingensis sp. nov. (Ternstroemiomycetaceae). These findings expand the known host range of endophytic fungi and provide essential taxonomic data for the fungal community associated with this economically important medicinal plant.

Conidiocarpus and Polychaeton are genera of sooty mould fungi (Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes) that grow epiphytically on the leaf surfaces of living plants and typically depend on honeydew excreted by sap-sucking insects as their primary nutrient source. Heavy colonization by these fungi may impair host photosynthesis, reduce plant vigor, and decrease the aesthetic or economic value of affected plants. In this study, two novel species, Conidiocarpus nanshanense and Polychaeton cengongense, were collected from the leaves of Schefflera macrostachya (large-spiked schefflera) and Dalbergia assamica (South China rosewood) in Guizhou and Guangdong Provinces, respectively. Species delimitation was based on detailed morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of multiple loci, including ITS, LSU, tef1-α, and rpb2. Morphological descriptions and illustrations are provided, together with phylogenetic analyses inferred using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI). The results expand the known taxonomic diversity of sooty mould fungi in China and provide important morphological and molecular data that support species delimitation and classification within Capnodiales.