F. Çiçek, C. Coskun, I. Baldan, M. Tokus, I. Gunay
Background : Pulsed magnetic field (PMF) application is an alternative therapy method used especially in the treatment of musculoskeletal system diseases. However, its effects on the vascular system are unclear. On the other hand, an imbalance in the synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause crucial vascular diseases such as hypertension or atherosclerosis. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the modulatory effect of PMF pre-exposure and the protective role of the application on ROS-related vascular dysfunctions. Materials and Methods : Rats were exposed to 1.5 mT, 40 Hz PMF for 30 days. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were isolated enzymatically at the end of the application. Cell proliferation in the presence or absence of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2, oxidative stress and apoptosis inducer) was determined by MTT assay. Caspase-3 activity and protein expressions were also determined. Results : Incubation of VSMCs with H 2 O 2 decreased the cell proliferation dose-dependently. However, the cells isolated from PMF pre-treated rats had higher proliferation levels at high dose H 2 O 2 (1 mM) than their controls. Moreover, PMF pre-applied cells had less caspase-3 expression at high dose H 2 O 2 incubation. A similar effect of PMF was also observed in caspase-3 enzyme activity. Conclusion : The present study demonstrated that PMF pre-exposed cells showed resistance to H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress. Notably, the decreased activity and expression of caspase-3 in PMF pre-treated groups indicated that PMF has regulatory effects on apoptosis formation mechanisms. The present study demonstrated that PMF pre-application should be considered as protective in the development of vascular diseases.
{"title":"Pre-application of pulsed magnetic field protects oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells","authors":"F. Çiçek, C. Coskun, I. Baldan, M. Tokus, I. Gunay","doi":"10.52547/ijrr.20.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/ijrr.20.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Pulsed magnetic field (PMF) application is an alternative therapy method used especially in the treatment of musculoskeletal system diseases. However, its effects on the vascular system are unclear. On the other hand, an imbalance in the synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause crucial vascular diseases such as hypertension or atherosclerosis. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the modulatory effect of PMF pre-exposure and the protective role of the application on ROS-related vascular dysfunctions. Materials and Methods : Rats were exposed to 1.5 mT, 40 Hz PMF for 30 days. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were isolated enzymatically at the end of the application. Cell proliferation in the presence or absence of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2, oxidative stress and apoptosis inducer) was determined by MTT assay. Caspase-3 activity and protein expressions were also determined. Results : Incubation of VSMCs with H 2 O 2 decreased the cell proliferation dose-dependently. However, the cells isolated from PMF pre-treated rats had higher proliferation levels at high dose H 2 O 2 (1 mM) than their controls. Moreover, PMF pre-applied cells had less caspase-3 expression at high dose H 2 O 2 incubation. A similar effect of PMF was also observed in caspase-3 enzyme activity. Conclusion : The present study demonstrated that PMF pre-exposed cells showed resistance to H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress. Notably, the decreased activity and expression of caspase-3 in PMF pre-treated groups indicated that PMF has regulatory effects on apoptosis formation mechanisms. The present study demonstrated that PMF pre-application should be considered as protective in the development of vascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":48815,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73037336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q. J. Tarbool, S. H. Kadhim, A. S. Alaboodi, A. Abojassim
Background : Natural radioactivity in the soil is the main reason behind this research. So, the natural radioactivity ( 40 K, 238 U, and 232 Th) in soil samples have been measured in ten primary schools at north of Al - Najaf province. Materials and Methods : The specific activities ( 214 Bi belongs to the uranium - 238 series; 208 TI belongs to the thorium - 232 string and a natural radionuclide 40 K) have been indicated by using spectral analysis technique of Gamma - ray of 3”x3” NaI(Tl) scintillation detector has been used. Results : The average value of specified activity for 40 K, 238 U, and 232 Th in all samples is (201.47±24.47) Bq/kg, (10.17±1.78) Bq/kg, and (5.91±0.83) Bq/kg respectively. In this work, the majority of the hazard indices were calculated. The average value of radium Equivalent Activity was (16.673±1.71) Bq/kg, Absorbed Gamma Dose was (16.673±1.71) nGy⁄h, external hazard index was (0.092±0.009), internal hazard index was (0.120±0.013), representative gamma index was (0.261±0.026), Annual influential dose equivalent indoor was (0.082±0.008), for Annual influential dose equivalent outdoor was (0.020±0.002) mSv/y, and excess lifetime cancer risk was (0.358±0.03) × 10 - 3 . Conclusion : Most of the detected readings are in the recommended values by (UNSCEAR, OECD, and ICRP) When compared with the worldwide average ( 40 K=412 Bq/kg, 238 U=35 Bq/kg, and 232 Th= 45 Bq/kg). In other words, ten primary schools at Al Najaf governorates are safe for work and free of radiation hazards to students.
{"title":"Assessment of environmental radioactivity in soil samples of primary schools in North of Al-Najaf governorates","authors":"Q. J. Tarbool, S. H. Kadhim, A. S. Alaboodi, A. Abojassim","doi":"10.52547/ijrr.20.2.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/ijrr.20.2.31","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Natural radioactivity in the soil is the main reason behind this research. So, the natural radioactivity ( 40 K, 238 U, and 232 Th) in soil samples have been measured in ten primary schools at north of Al - Najaf province. Materials and Methods : The specific activities ( 214 Bi belongs to the uranium - 238 series; 208 TI belongs to the thorium - 232 string and a natural radionuclide 40 K) have been indicated by using spectral analysis technique of Gamma - ray of 3”x3” NaI(Tl) scintillation detector has been used. Results : The average value of specified activity for 40 K, 238 U, and 232 Th in all samples is (201.47±24.47) Bq/kg, (10.17±1.78) Bq/kg, and (5.91±0.83) Bq/kg respectively. In this work, the majority of the hazard indices were calculated. The average value of radium Equivalent Activity was (16.673±1.71) Bq/kg, Absorbed Gamma Dose was (16.673±1.71) nGy⁄h, external hazard index was (0.092±0.009), internal hazard index was (0.120±0.013), representative gamma index was (0.261±0.026), Annual influential dose equivalent indoor was (0.082±0.008), for Annual influential dose equivalent outdoor was (0.020±0.002) mSv/y, and excess lifetime cancer risk was (0.358±0.03) × 10 - 3 . Conclusion : Most of the detected readings are in the recommended values by (UNSCEAR, OECD, and ICRP) When compared with the worldwide average ( 40 K=412 Bq/kg, 238 U=35 Bq/kg, and 232 Th= 45 Bq/kg). In other words, ten primary schools at Al Najaf governorates are safe for work and free of radiation hazards to students.","PeriodicalId":48815,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87479765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background : Cytogenetic and immunological damages after ionizing radiation exposure are critical factors that lead to many different events and consequences cascade reactions starting from inflammation, ending with cell damage. These biological events if not well controlled will lead to deleterious effects and cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the Nicotiflorin and Rutin (NR) combination against drastic effects resulted from γ-irradiation. Materials and Methods : Rats were divided into four groups. (Control) group, (NR) group: treated with 20mg/kg body weight orally daily one dose for two weeks, (Irrad) group: rats exposed to 6Gy as a single dose, and (NR+ Irrad) group which treated with NR combination before irradiation. Detection of DNA damage was done with the Micronucleus test (MN) and Comet assay. Immunological responses were detected by assessing inflammatory cytokines Interluekines-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and homeostasis maintenance cytokines (IL-6 & IL-10). Results : Irradiated group recorded a significant increase in micronuclei (MNi) incidences and significant DNA fragmentation. As well, immunological parameters displayed a significant increase in all measured interleukins except IL-10 which recorded a significant decline. The group injected with NR before irradiation showed significant improvement in all measured parameters. Conclusion : The efficacy of the NR combination may be attributed to its dual protective effects (cytogenetic and immunological enhancement) against damage caused by γ-irradiation.
{"title":"Cytogenetic and immunological efficacy of nicotiflorin and rutin combination on gamma irradiated rats","authors":"M. R. Mohammed, M. M. Ahmed, S. A. Montaser","doi":"10.52547/ijrr.20.2.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/ijrr.20.2.29","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Cytogenetic and immunological damages after ionizing radiation exposure are critical factors that lead to many different events and consequences cascade reactions starting from inflammation, ending with cell damage. These biological events if not well controlled will lead to deleterious effects and cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the Nicotiflorin and Rutin (NR) combination against drastic effects resulted from γ-irradiation. Materials and Methods : Rats were divided into four groups. (Control) group, (NR) group: treated with 20mg/kg body weight orally daily one dose for two weeks, (Irrad) group: rats exposed to 6Gy as a single dose, and (NR+ Irrad) group which treated with NR combination before irradiation. Detection of DNA damage was done with the Micronucleus test (MN) and Comet assay. Immunological responses were detected by assessing inflammatory cytokines Interluekines-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and homeostasis maintenance cytokines (IL-6 & IL-10). Results : Irradiated group recorded a significant increase in micronuclei (MNi) incidences and significant DNA fragmentation. As well, immunological parameters displayed a significant increase in all measured interleukins except IL-10 which recorded a significant decline. The group injected with NR before irradiation showed significant improvement in all measured parameters. Conclusion : The efficacy of the NR combination may be attributed to its dual protective effects (cytogenetic and immunological enhancement) against damage caused by γ-irradiation.","PeriodicalId":48815,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"181 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74323937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background : Although chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT) are important breast cancer (BC) treatment modalities, they can cause other cancers. However, second cancers of liver and stomach tend to be ignored during BC treatment. In this study, the incidence patterns of second primary cancer of liver and stomach were analyzed. Materials and Methods : The insurance claim data of patients that underwent definitive surgery from 2009 to 2010 were analyzed. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were used to estimate the relative risks of second primary liver cancer (SPLC) and second primary stomach cancer (SPSC). In addition, hazard ratios (HRs) of risk factors were analyzed. Data were obtained on 21,024 BC patients that underwent definitive mastectomy. Results : The median follow - up period was 105.5 months. Overall SIRs for SPLC and SPSC were 7.26 (p<0.01) and 2.92 (p<0.01). In the young age group (aged 20–39 years), the crude HR for CT was 2.27 (p < 0.05) and the age/RT adjusted HR was 2.37 (p<0.05). RT also showed a tendency to induce SPLC. The effect of CT peaked within 5 years after treatment, whereas the effect of RT gradually increased after 5 years. Conclusion : This study shows CT and RT both increase the risk of SPLC in BC patients and that these increases are greater in young BC patients. Times to SPLC occurrence after RT and CT were found to differ.
{"title":"Increased second primary liver cancer risk in young breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy: a nationwide population-based study","authors":"I. Seo, H. Jang","doi":"10.52547/ijrr.20.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/ijrr.20.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Although chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT) are important breast cancer (BC) treatment modalities, they can cause other cancers. However, second cancers of liver and stomach tend to be ignored during BC treatment. In this study, the incidence patterns of second primary cancer of liver and stomach were analyzed. Materials and Methods : The insurance claim data of patients that underwent definitive surgery from 2009 to 2010 were analyzed. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were used to estimate the relative risks of second primary liver cancer (SPLC) and second primary stomach cancer (SPSC). In addition, hazard ratios (HRs) of risk factors were analyzed. Data were obtained on 21,024 BC patients that underwent definitive mastectomy. Results : The median follow - up period was 105.5 months. Overall SIRs for SPLC and SPSC were 7.26 (p<0.01) and 2.92 (p<0.01). In the young age group (aged 20–39 years), the crude HR for CT was 2.27 (p < 0.05) and the age/RT adjusted HR was 2.37 (p<0.05). RT also showed a tendency to induce SPLC. The effect of CT peaked within 5 years after treatment, whereas the effect of RT gradually increased after 5 years. Conclusion : This study shows CT and RT both increase the risk of SPLC in BC patients and that these increases are greater in young BC patients. Times to SPLC occurrence after RT and CT were found to differ.","PeriodicalId":48815,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75557609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Ichise, K. Hirose, M. Sato, F. Komai, M. Tanaka, I. Fujioka, H. Kawaguchi, Y. Hatayama, Y. Takai, M. Aoki
Background : Tumor cells with high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDH high cells) are induced by an intratumoral hypoxic condition and lead to radioresistance, tumor recurrence, and metastasis. Therefore, to enhance the anti - tumor effect of radiotherapy, it is reasonable to efficiently control ALDH high cells by targeting them. In this study, we evaluated the effect of tirapazamine, a hypoxic toxin, combined with irradiation on ALDH high cells. Materials and Methods : Human tongue squamous cell carcinoma SAS cells were used in this study. Spheroids were irradiated with 6 Gy following treatment with 40 μ M tirapazamine. After 24, 48, and 72 hours, the populations of ALDH high cells were analyzed. The frozen sections of spheroids were prepared, and hypoxia - inducible factor - 1 α- positive areas and ALDH1 - positive areas were detected. Results : Compared with the cells grown in monolayer culture, the SAS cells grown in spheroids exhibited radioresistance. Furthermore, the proportion of ALDH high cells was significantly higher in spheroids than in monolayer culture. The ALDH high cells were sustained in a hypoxic fraction localized at the center of the spheroids after irradiation. Tirapazamine effectively reduced these ALDH high cells. The combination of tirapazamine with irradiation showed an additive cytotoxic effect in spheroids, but not in parental cells, which was consistent with a preferential killing effect of tirapazamine on ALDH high cells. Conclusion : Combined tirapazamine and radiotherapy administration appeared to be a reasonable approach to control ALDH high cells in hypoxic regions that may be involved in recurrence and metastasis.
{"title":"Complementary killing effect of tirapazamine in combination with radiation therapy on cells with high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in SAS cell line","authors":"K. Ichise, K. Hirose, M. Sato, F. Komai, M. Tanaka, I. Fujioka, H. Kawaguchi, Y. Hatayama, Y. Takai, M. Aoki","doi":"10.52547/ijrr.20.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/ijrr.20.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Tumor cells with high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDH high cells) are induced by an intratumoral hypoxic condition and lead to radioresistance, tumor recurrence, and metastasis. Therefore, to enhance the anti - tumor effect of radiotherapy, it is reasonable to efficiently control ALDH high cells by targeting them. In this study, we evaluated the effect of tirapazamine, a hypoxic toxin, combined with irradiation on ALDH high cells. Materials and Methods : Human tongue squamous cell carcinoma SAS cells were used in this study. Spheroids were irradiated with 6 Gy following treatment with 40 μ M tirapazamine. After 24, 48, and 72 hours, the populations of ALDH high cells were analyzed. The frozen sections of spheroids were prepared, and hypoxia - inducible factor - 1 α- positive areas and ALDH1 - positive areas were detected. Results : Compared with the cells grown in monolayer culture, the SAS cells grown in spheroids exhibited radioresistance. Furthermore, the proportion of ALDH high cells was significantly higher in spheroids than in monolayer culture. The ALDH high cells were sustained in a hypoxic fraction localized at the center of the spheroids after irradiation. Tirapazamine effectively reduced these ALDH high cells. The combination of tirapazamine with irradiation showed an additive cytotoxic effect in spheroids, but not in parental cells, which was consistent with a preferential killing effect of tirapazamine on ALDH high cells. Conclusion : Combined tirapazamine and radiotherapy administration appeared to be a reasonable approach to control ALDH high cells in hypoxic regions that may be involved in recurrence and metastasis.","PeriodicalId":48815,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83248625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q. Guo, Z. Dong, L. Jiang, L. Zhang, Z. Li, D. Wang
Background : This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of tumor size and ultrasound (US) Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI - RADS), and further analyze if tumor size can impact the evaluation for US features in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods : In this retrospective study, preoperative US features and postoperative pathological results were collected from 498 patients with breast cancer. The association of BI - RADS classification with tumor size was analyzed, and the US features related to tumor size were determined. Results : A significant association was found between tumor size and BI - RADS category, and tumor with small size was classified into the low BI - RADS category ( p < 0.05). Some US features including shape, growth orientation, microcalcification and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) were influenced by tumor size ( p <0.001). Conclusion : Tumor size can influence the diagnosis performance for US BI - RADS category in patients with breast cancer.
{"title":"Tumor size impacts the performance of ultrasound BI-RADS classification in breast cancer patients","authors":"Q. Guo, Z. Dong, L. Jiang, L. Zhang, Z. Li, D. Wang","doi":"10.52547/ijrr.20.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/ijrr.20.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background : This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of tumor size and ultrasound (US) Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI - RADS), and further analyze if tumor size can impact the evaluation for US features in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods : In this retrospective study, preoperative US features and postoperative pathological results were collected from 498 patients with breast cancer. The association of BI - RADS classification with tumor size was analyzed, and the US features related to tumor size were determined. Results : A significant association was found between tumor size and BI - RADS category, and tumor with small size was classified into the low BI - RADS category ( p < 0.05). Some US features including shape, growth orientation, microcalcification and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) were influenced by tumor size ( p <0.001). Conclusion : Tumor size can influence the diagnosis performance for US BI - RADS category in patients with breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":48815,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87628035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L.J. Chen, B. Wang, S.F. Wang, Z.L. Xu, L. Jin, M. Hu, G.Y. Wang, X.P. Yang
Background : The objective of this study was to retrospectively analyze the application of dual-energy spectral computerized tomography (DECT) to accurately diagnose breast cancer and lymph node metastasis. Materials and Methods : Between May 2018 and December 2019, 37 patients (22 with breast cancer and 15 with normal breast cancer) who underwent spectral CT imaging were analyzed. Metastatic lymph nodes were identified in 14 patients with breast cancer. Twelve patients who underwent traditional CT were included randomly as the control group to compare the radiation dose with spectral CT. Monochromatic levels with an optimal contrast-to-noise ratio for normal breast tissue were obtained. Quantitative parameters of spectral CT were compared between normal breast and breast cancer patients. The spectral curve, histogram, and scatter plot features of metastatic lymph nodes and primary lesions were analyzed. Results : The monochromatic level with the optimal contrast-to-noise ratio of the breast was approximately 65keV. All quantitative parameters, including values at 40keV–140keV, the concentrations of iodine, spectral curve slope (λ HU ), and relative iodine concentration were increased in breast cancer compared to those in healthy breasts. Metastatic lymph nodes were more consistent with primary breast cancer lesions in the spectral curve, histogram, and scatter plot, especially in the venous phase. Additionally, the radiation of spectral CT was decreased compared to that of traditional CT. Conclusion : S pectral CT can be used to identify breast cancer and metastatic lymph nodes.
{"title":"A preliminary application research of dual-energy spectral CT in breast cancer diagnosis","authors":"L.J. Chen, B. Wang, S.F. Wang, Z.L. Xu, L. Jin, M. Hu, G.Y. Wang, X.P. Yang","doi":"10.52547/ijrr.20.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/ijrr.20.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background : The objective of this study was to retrospectively analyze the application of dual-energy spectral computerized tomography (DECT) to accurately diagnose breast cancer and lymph node metastasis. Materials and Methods : Between May 2018 and December 2019, 37 patients (22 with breast cancer and 15 with normal breast cancer) who underwent spectral CT imaging were analyzed. Metastatic lymph nodes were identified in 14 patients with breast cancer. Twelve patients who underwent traditional CT were included randomly as the control group to compare the radiation dose with spectral CT. Monochromatic levels with an optimal contrast-to-noise ratio for normal breast tissue were obtained. Quantitative parameters of spectral CT were compared between normal breast and breast cancer patients. The spectral curve, histogram, and scatter plot features of metastatic lymph nodes and primary lesions were analyzed. Results : The monochromatic level with the optimal contrast-to-noise ratio of the breast was approximately 65keV. All quantitative parameters, including values at 40keV–140keV, the concentrations of iodine, spectral curve slope (λ HU ), and relative iodine concentration were increased in breast cancer compared to those in healthy breasts. Metastatic lymph nodes were more consistent with primary breast cancer lesions in the spectral curve, histogram, and scatter plot, especially in the venous phase. Additionally, the radiation of spectral CT was decreased compared to that of traditional CT. Conclusion : S pectral CT can be used to identify breast cancer and metastatic lymph nodes.","PeriodicalId":48815,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86680682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Hosseinpour, A.E. Nejad Moghaddam, F. Talebpour Amir, S. Hosseinimehr, M. Zargari, A. Karimpour Malekshah, A. Ghasemi
Background : Radiotherapy enhances the risk of ovarian injury induced by oxidative stress in the female patients. Hesperidin, as a natural compound has various biological properties included anti - tumoral, antioxidant, and anti - inflammatory activities. This research evaluated the effects of hesperidin on ovarian damage induced by IR. Materials and Methods : Twenty - eight female mice distributed to four groups randomly: Control, Hesperidin (100mg/kg), ionizing radiated (IR) (3.2 Gy), and ionizing radiated + hesperidin groups (3.2Gy + 100mg/kg). Hesperidin was administrated orally for 7 successive days. Animals were exposed to total body irradiation on the 8th day of study. Biochemical, hormonal (estrogen and progesterone), and histopathological assessments did on day 12. Results : IR group demonstrated necrosis, apoptosis, and atresia in ovaries, decreased estrogen and progesterone and increased oxidative stress. While Hesperidin pre - treatment improved histological features, recovered the number of follicles in ovaries of the irradiated mice. In addition, the Hesperidin increased estrogen and progesterone and decreased oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power, and catalase). Conclusion : Data of this research indicate that hesperidin is may be useful in female patients with pelvic cancer during radiotherapy for their ovarian conservation.
{"title":"Radioprotective effect of hesperidin against ovarian toxicity induced by Ionizing radiation through inhibiting oxidative stress in mice","authors":"S. Hosseinpour, A.E. Nejad Moghaddam, F. Talebpour Amir, S. Hosseinimehr, M. Zargari, A. Karimpour Malekshah, A. Ghasemi","doi":"10.52547/ijrr.20.2.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/ijrr.20.2.24","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Radiotherapy enhances the risk of ovarian injury induced by oxidative stress in the female patients. Hesperidin, as a natural compound has various biological properties included anti - tumoral, antioxidant, and anti - inflammatory activities. This research evaluated the effects of hesperidin on ovarian damage induced by IR. Materials and Methods : Twenty - eight female mice distributed to four groups randomly: Control, Hesperidin (100mg/kg), ionizing radiated (IR) (3.2 Gy), and ionizing radiated + hesperidin groups (3.2Gy + 100mg/kg). Hesperidin was administrated orally for 7 successive days. Animals were exposed to total body irradiation on the 8th day of study. Biochemical, hormonal (estrogen and progesterone), and histopathological assessments did on day 12. Results : IR group demonstrated necrosis, apoptosis, and atresia in ovaries, decreased estrogen and progesterone and increased oxidative stress. While Hesperidin pre - treatment improved histological features, recovered the number of follicles in ovaries of the irradiated mice. In addition, the Hesperidin increased estrogen and progesterone and decreased oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power, and catalase). Conclusion : Data of this research indicate that hesperidin is may be useful in female patients with pelvic cancer during radiotherapy for their ovarian conservation.","PeriodicalId":48815,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75970365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background : : One of the most important qualities of a radiation dosimeter is tissue-equivalent, which represents radiation absorption and scattering that is similar to that of human tissue. The goal of this study is to determine the radiological and structural properties of several MAGAT gel dosimeter formulations prior to irradiation. This will provide a basis on how radiation properties altered prior to irradiation, which will later affect radiation absorption behaviour . Materials and Methods : Radiological properties of different MAGAT gel formulations (MAGAT, MAGAT doped methylene blue, MAGAT doped zinc oxide nanoparticles, MAGAT dope methylene blue and zinc oxide nanoparticles) were measured from density, linear attenuation coefficients, mass attenuation coefficients and CT values. The results were compared to soft tissue and water as references. The gel’s morphological structures were investigated using electron microscopy for better understanding of gel’s absorption mechanism. Results : The mass density of all MAGAT gel formulations differed by up to 2.5% from that of water and are very close to that of muscle tissue. This is due to the high gelatin and monomer concentration used in MAGAT gel formulation. The CT-values, furthermore, are within the soft tissue range. The MAGAT doped with methylene blue and ZnO NPs demonstrated the greatest increase in linear attenuation value, as well as having a nano spider-web morphological structure with a large surface area, which may have increased gel sensitivity and attenuation coefficients of MAGAT gel. Conclusion : Different MAGAT gel formulations were found to exhibit similar radiological properties to soft tissues and water.
{"title":"Radiological properties and structural morphology of different MAGAT gel dosimeters formulation","authors":"A. Al-Asady, N. Razak, M. Zin, S. Mahmud","doi":"10.52547/ijrr.20.2.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/ijrr.20.2.27","url":null,"abstract":"Background : : One of the most important qualities of a radiation dosimeter is tissue-equivalent, which represents radiation absorption and scattering that is similar to that of human tissue. The goal of this study is to determine the radiological and structural properties of several MAGAT gel dosimeter formulations prior to irradiation. This will provide a basis on how radiation properties altered prior to irradiation, which will later affect radiation absorption behaviour . Materials and Methods : Radiological properties of different MAGAT gel formulations (MAGAT, MAGAT doped methylene blue, MAGAT doped zinc oxide nanoparticles, MAGAT dope methylene blue and zinc oxide nanoparticles) were measured from density, linear attenuation coefficients, mass attenuation coefficients and CT values. The results were compared to soft tissue and water as references. The gel’s morphological structures were investigated using electron microscopy for better understanding of gel’s absorption mechanism. Results : The mass density of all MAGAT gel formulations differed by up to 2.5% from that of water and are very close to that of muscle tissue. This is due to the high gelatin and monomer concentration used in MAGAT gel formulation. The CT-values, furthermore, are within the soft tissue range. The MAGAT doped with methylene blue and ZnO NPs demonstrated the greatest increase in linear attenuation value, as well as having a nano spider-web morphological structure with a large surface area, which may have increased gel sensitivity and attenuation coefficients of MAGAT gel. Conclusion : Different MAGAT gel formulations were found to exhibit similar radiological properties to soft tissues and water.","PeriodicalId":48815,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84541127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background : In this study, the changes in the entrance surface dose (ESD) and image quality were examined when an air mattress was used to reduce the X-ray scattering caused by treatment tables commonly used for computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods : Dual-energy CT (DECT) was used, with the ESD of Alderson Radiation Therapy (ART) phantom measured by scanning with different X-ray tube voltages and X -ray tube currents for three scenarios: when no air mattress was employed, and when a 5 cm or 10 cm thick air mattress was employed. The statistical significance of the changes in ESD and image quality were based on the presence and thickness of the air mattress. Additionally, the variations of the X-ray tube voltage and current for different air mattress thicknesses were investigated using paired t-test . Results : For all X-ray tube voltages and currents, applying an air mattress significantly improved both the ESD and image quality, with the 5 cm air mattress improving both the ESD and image quality. Conclusion : The 5 cm air mattress produced no artifacts in the diagnostic images, and demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in patient ESD during DECT imaging.
{"title":"Changing the entrance surface dose and image quality by applying an air mattress to the table commonly used in computed tomography","authors":"J. Park, S. Kim","doi":"10.52547/ijrr.20.2.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/ijrr.20.2.25","url":null,"abstract":"Background : In this study, the changes in the entrance surface dose (ESD) and image quality were examined when an air mattress was used to reduce the X-ray scattering caused by treatment tables commonly used for computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods : Dual-energy CT (DECT) was used, with the ESD of Alderson Radiation Therapy (ART) phantom measured by scanning with different X-ray tube voltages and X -ray tube currents for three scenarios: when no air mattress was employed, and when a 5 cm or 10 cm thick air mattress was employed. The statistical significance of the changes in ESD and image quality were based on the presence and thickness of the air mattress. Additionally, the variations of the X-ray tube voltage and current for different air mattress thicknesses were investigated using paired t-test . Results : For all X-ray tube voltages and currents, applying an air mattress significantly improved both the ESD and image quality, with the 5 cm air mattress improving both the ESD and image quality. Conclusion : The 5 cm air mattress produced no artifacts in the diagnostic images, and demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in patient ESD during DECT imaging.","PeriodicalId":48815,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Radiation Research","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87496731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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