Research and knowledge in human embryology greatly progressed during the second half of the 19th century. This allowed optimization of surgical treatment of branchial deformities and cervical cysts in the light of their embryological development. In 1920, Walter Ellis Sistrunk described an embryologically-based technique for resection of thyroglossal duct fistulae and cysts. A century later, the procedure is still being performed as originally described.
Introduction: Progressive anosmia, unlike sudden-onset viral or traumatic anosmia, requires endoscopic screening for nasal polyps. In the absence of polyposis, radiological work-up should diagnose and treat any curable pathology. Here, we report the case of a patient treated for olfactory cleft actinomycosis.
Results: A 72 year-old man, without relevant medical history, was referred for progressive hyposmia and unilateral greenish rhinorrhea resistant to well-conducted medical treatment. Nasal endoscopy and imaging suggested a fungus ball in the left olfactory cleft. Endoscopic surgery fully restored olfaction, with histologic confirmation of actinomycetes.
Discussion: The present case highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis in progressive anosmia, and demonstrates the efficacy of exclusively surgical management.
Retrograde cricopharyngeal dysfunction (RCPD) syndrome renders patients unable to belch, causing disabling symptoms that impact quality of life. Injection of botulinum toxin into the cricopharyngeal muscle has been reported as a trial treatment for both therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. We describe the injection technique, under general anesthesia using endoscopy or by transcutaneous injection with electromyographic control.