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Overviewing allergy epidemiology in Japan - Findings from birth cohorts (JECS and T-Child study) 日本出生队列的过敏流行病学综述(JECS和T-Child研究)。
IF 6.8 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.11.005
Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada , Yukihiro Ohya

The escalating global allergy epidemic has emerged as a pressing and persistent challenge, exerting a profound impact on human health systems across centuries. This burgeoning predicament can be attributed to contemporary lifestyles, environmental influences, and genetic predispositions. The manifestation of allergy-related factors exhibits dynamic fluctuations contingent on temporal shifts, geographical distinctions, cultural variances, and diverse demographic strata. In this review, we present recent epidemiological insights derived from two distinct birth cohorts: the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), encompassing the entirety of Japan, and the Tokyo Children's Health, Illness, and Development Study (T-Child Study) within Tokyo. Through this comprehensive review, we offer a comprehensive overview of the latest epidemiological discoveries stemming from these pivotal Japanese birth cohorts, thereby affording a unique opportunity to deliberate on imperative strategies for the optimal management of the allergy epidemic.

不断升级的全球过敏流行已成为一项紧迫而持久的挑战,几个世纪以来对人类卫生系统产生了深远的影响。这种迅速发展的困境可归因于当代生活方式、环境影响和遗传倾向。过敏相关因素的表现表现出随时间变化、地理差异、文化差异和不同人口阶层的动态波动。在这篇综述中,我们介绍了来自两个不同出生队列的最新流行病学见解:日本环境和儿童研究(JECS),包括整个日本,以及东京儿童健康、疾病和发展研究(T-Child Study)。通过这一全面的审查,我们提供了一个全面的概述,从这些关键的日本出生队列的最新流行病学发现,从而提供了一个独特的机会,审议必要的策略,为过敏流行的最佳管理。
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引用次数: 0
Lipocalin-2 promotes neutrophilic inflammation in nasal polyps and its value as biomarker 促进鼻息肉中性粒细胞炎症的脂联素-2 及其作为生物标记物的价值
IF 6.8 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.07.004
Chen Zhang , Huan Wang , Li Hu , Qianqian Zhang , Jiani Chen , Le Shi , Xiaole Song , Juan Liu , Kai Xue , Jingjing Wang , Dehui Wang , Xicai Sun

Background

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP has attracted more attention in recent years, due to its association with more severe disease and reduced steroid responsiveness. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) has been found to modulate neutrophils infiltration in other neutrophilic inflammation including inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis. The aim was to evaluate the expression and regulator role of LCN2 in neutrophilic inflammation in CRSwNP, and its role as a potential biomarker predicting non-eosinophilic CRSwNP (neCRSwNP).

Methods

Bioinformatic analysis, immunostainings, real-time PCR and ELISA were used to analyze the expression and location of LCN2 in nasal tissues. The expression of proinflammatory mediators were assessed in nasal tissues and secretions. LCN2 production in human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) and neutrophils, as well as its role in neutrophilic inflammation was evaluated by in vitro experiments.

Results

LCN2 was mainly located in neutrophils and HNECs of nasal polyps. LCN2 expression was also significantly higher in the polyp tissue and nasal secretions from patients with neCRSwNP. The LCN2 levels were positively correlated with type 3 inflammation markers, including G-CSF, IL-8, and IL-17. LCN2 expression could be upregulated by IL-17 A and TNF-α in HNECs, and LCN2 could also promote the expression of IL-8 in dispersed polyp cells and HNECs.

Conclusions

LCN2 could serve as a novel biomarker predicting patients with neCRSwNP, and the increased expression of LCN2 may participate in the pathogenesis of neCRSwNP.

背景 慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉(CRSwNP)是一种常见的鼻腔和副鼻窦慢性炎症性疾病。近年来,中性粒细胞在 CRSwNP 发病机制中的作用引起了越来越多的关注,这是因为中性粒细胞与更严重的疾病和类固醇反应性降低有关。在其他中性粒细胞炎症(包括炎症性肠病、类风湿性关节炎和银屑病)中,已发现脂联素-2(LCN2)可调节中性粒细胞的浸润。本研究旨在评估 LCN2 在 CRSwNP 中嗜中性粒细胞炎症中的表达和调节作用,以及其作为预测非嗜中性粒细胞 CRSwNP(neCRSwNP)的潜在生物标志物的作用。评估了鼻腔组织和分泌物中促炎介质的表达。通过体外实验评估了 LCN2 在人鼻上皮细胞(HNECs)和中性粒细胞中的产生情况及其在中性粒细胞炎症中的作用。LCN2在鼻息肉患者的息肉组织和鼻腔分泌物中的表达也明显较高。LCN2 水平与 3 型炎症标志物(包括 G-CSF、IL-8 和 IL-17)呈正相关。结论LCN2可作为预测新CRSwNP患者的新型生物标记物,LCN2的表达增加可能参与了新CRSwNP的发病机制。
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引用次数: 0
Mouse hygiene status–A tale of two environments for mast cells and allergy 小鼠卫生状况--肥大细胞和过敏症的两种环境的故事
IF 6.8 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.08.008
Yu-Wen Yeh, Zou Xiang

Animal models, including those employing the use of house mice (Mus musculus), are crucial in elucidating mechanisms in human pathophysiology. However, it is evident that the impreciseness of using laboratory mice maintained in super-hygienic barrier facilities to mirror relevant aspects of human physiology and pathology exists, which is a major limitation in translating mouse findings to inferring human medicine. Interestingly, free-living wild mice are found to be substantially different from laboratory-bred, specific pathogen-free mice with respect to various immune system compartments. Wild mice have an immune system that better reflects human immunity. In this review article, we discuss recent experimental findings that address the so-called “wild immunology”, which reveals the contrasting immune features between laboratory-raised mice and their wild companions as well as laboratory mice that have been exposed to a natural rodent habitat. A particular focus will be given to the development of pulmonary mast cells and its possible impact on the use of “naturalized” or “rewilded” laboratory mice as experimental asthma models.

动物模型,包括使用家鼠(Mus musculus)的动物模型,对于阐明人类病理生理学机制至关重要。然而,使用在超级卫生屏障设施中饲养的实验室小鼠来反映人类生理和病理的相关方面显然是不精确的,这是将小鼠研究结果转化为人类医学推论的主要限制。有趣的是,人们发现自由生活的野生小鼠与实验室饲养的无特定病原体的小鼠在免疫系统的各个部分有很大不同。野生小鼠的免疫系统更能反映人类的免疫能力。在这篇综述文章中,我们将讨论有关所谓 "野生免疫学 "的最新实验发现,这些发现揭示了实验室饲养的小鼠与野生小鼠以及接触过自然啮齿动物栖息地的实验室小鼠之间截然不同的免疫特征。研究将特别关注肺肥大细胞的发展及其对使用 "归化 "或 "野化 "实验室小鼠作为哮喘实验模型可能产生的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products/D-dimer ratio can be a useful marker for differentiating an acute attack of hereditary angioedema from thrombotic conditions 纤维蛋白和纤维蛋白原降解产物/二聚体比值是区分遗传性血管性水肿急性发作和血栓性疾病的有效标志物
IF 6.8 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.08.001
Daisuke Honda , Isao Ohsawa , Toshiyuki Miyata , Masayuki Ozaki , Masashi Aizawa , Yasuhiko Tomino , Katsuhiko Asanuma
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引用次数: 0
Reduction in ANCA levels associated with mepolizumab add-on treatment in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: Case series and literature review 美波珠单抗联合治疗嗜酸性肉芽肿伴多血管炎降低ANCA水平:病例系列和文献综述。
IF 6.8 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.09.001
Yosuke Kamide , Kentaro Watai , Yuto Nakamura , Maki Iwata , Yuma Fukutomi , Masami Taniguchi , Kiyoshi Sekiya
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引用次数: 0
Sub-pollen in platelet products: A potential cause of allergic transfusion reactions 血小板制品中的亚花粉:引起过敏性输血反应的潜在原因。
IF 6.8 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.09.006
Ryu Yanagisawa , Manjiro Yamanaka , Fumihiro Kawakami , Hideyuki Nakazawa
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引用次数: 0
Growing Up in Singapore with allergies – Lessons learnt from the GUSTO & S-PRESTO cohorts 在新加坡因过敏而长大-GUSTO和S-PRESTO团队的经验教训。
IF 6.8 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.09.003
Noor H.A. Suaini , Hugo Van Bever , Elizabeth Huiwen Tham

Healthcare systems across the world face major challenges due to allergic diseases, known to affect people of all ages. In Singapore, two prominent cohort studies, Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) and the Singapore PREconception Study of long-Term maternal and child Outcomes (S-PRESTO), have made notable advancements to our knowledge and understanding of allergic diseases. These cohorts, which comprised of healthy mother-infant dyads recruited from the healthy Singapore population, have shed light on the complex connections between factors influencing health in early life, preconception and pregnancy, on the pathogenesis of allergic disorders in offspring.

GUSTO highlighted significant risk factors in antenatal and early life, such as maternal diet, health and lifestyle choices, as well as infant environmental influences, that contributed to the risk of allergic diseases in the Asian Singaporean population. It also identified differential patterns of allergic disease in comparison to other populations, particularly the role of the microbiome in predicting atopic outcomes. Meanwhile, S-PRESTO further explores the long-term maternal and child outcomes associated with preconception health. Findings seem to suggest that prevention of offspring allergic conditions can be achieved through optimizing maternal health and lifestyle choices before conception.

Both studies underscore the significance of early life interventions, preconception health, and personalized approaches to effectively manage and prevent allergies. By leveraging the insights and promising findings from GUSTO and S-PRESTO, future work can drive development of preventative strategies and personalized interventions to reduce burden of allergic diseases in the Singapore population.

由于过敏性疾病,世界各地的医疗保健系统都面临着重大挑战,众所周知,过敏性疾病会影响所有年龄段的人。在新加坡,两项著名的队列研究,即《在新加坡成长走向健康结果》(GUSTO)和《新加坡长期母婴结果预受孕研究》(S-PRESTO),在我们对过敏性疾病的认识和理解方面取得了显著进步。这些队列由从健康的新加坡人群中招募的健康母婴二人组组成,揭示了影响早期健康、孕前和怀孕的因素之间的复杂联系,以及后代过敏性疾病的发病机制。GUSTO强调了产前和早期生活中的重要风险因素,如母亲的饮食、健康和生活方式选择,以及婴儿的环境影响,这些因素导致了新加坡亚裔人群患过敏性疾病的风险。它还确定了与其他人群相比过敏性疾病的不同模式,特别是微生物组在预测特应性结果中的作用。同时,S-PRESTO进一步探讨了与先入为主健康相关的长期母婴结果。研究结果似乎表明,通过在受孕前优化母亲的健康和生活方式选择,可以预防后代过敏。这两项研究都强调了早期生活干预、先入为主的健康和个性化方法对有效管理和预防过敏的重要性。通过利用GUSTO和S-PRESTO的见解和有希望的发现,未来的工作可以推动预防策略和个性化干预措施的发展,以减轻新加坡人群中过敏性疾病的负担。
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引用次数: 0
Eosinophil extracellular trap formation in the giant papillae of atopic keratoconjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis 特应性角结膜炎和春季角结膜炎大乳头中嗜酸性粒细胞外陷阱的形成。
IF 6.8 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.10.002
Miki Onoue , Akiko Saga , Keisuke Adachi , Yosuke Asada , Toshiaki Hirakata , Satoshi Iwamoto , Shigeharu Ueki , Nobuyuki Ebihara , Akira Matsuda
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引用次数: 0
Exacerbation rates in Japanese patients with obstructive lung disease: A subanalysis of the prospective, observational NOVELTY study 日本阻塞性肺病患者的病情恶化率:前瞻性观察研究 NOVELTY 的子分析
IF 6.8 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.08.003
Tomotaka Kawayama , Kenichi Takahashi , Toshikazu Ikeda , Kenya Fukui , Naoyuki Makita , Naoki Tashiro , Junpei Saito , Toshihiro Shirai , Hiromasa Inoue

Background

Although clinical trials including asthma and COPD patients have revealed much about exacerbation frequencies, most studies are limited in that they recruited patients only with a clear diagnosis of one disease or the other, based on conventional diagnostic criteria, which may exclude many real-world patients with mixed symptoms.

Methods

NOVELTY is a global prospective observational study of patients with asthma and/or COPD from real-world practice. In this subanalysis, we compared patient characteristics of obstructive pulmonary diseases between the Japanese population (n = 820) and the overall population excluding Japanese patients (n = 10,406).

Results

The Japanese population had fewer exacerbations than the overall population across most of the physician-assessed disease severities and all diagnoses. The difference in exacerbation frequencies was more prominent in patients with COPD and asthma + COPD. The Japanese population was older, had higher former smoking rates, lower BMI, fewer respiratory symptoms, and better health-related quality of life compared with the overall population across all diagnoses.

Conclusions

We clarified differences in patient characteristics among patients with asthma and/or COPD in Japan compared with non-Japanese patients. Importantly, we found that Japanese patients with asthma and/or COPD had significantly fewer exacerbations compared with patients overall. The results from our study may contribute to the development of precision medicine and guidelines specific to Japan.

背景虽然包括哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者在内的临床试验揭示了许多关于病情恶化频率的信息,但大多数研究都有局限性,因为它们只根据传统诊断标准招募明确诊断为一种疾病或另一种疾病的患者,这可能会将现实世界中许多具有混合症状的患者排除在外。在这项子分析中,我们比较了日本人群(n = 820)和不包括日本患者的总体人群(n = 10406)的阻塞性肺部疾病患者特征。结果在大多数医生评估的疾病严重程度和所有诊断中,日本人群的病情恶化程度低于总体人群。在慢性阻塞性肺病和哮喘+慢性阻塞性肺病患者中,病情加重频率的差异更为明显。在所有诊断中,与总体人群相比,日本人群年龄更大、以前吸烟率更高、体重指数(BMI)更低、呼吸道症状更少、健康相关生活质量更好。重要的是,我们发现日本哮喘和/或慢性阻塞性肺病患者的病情恶化程度明显低于整体患者。我们的研究结果可能有助于制定适合日本的精准医疗和指南。
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引用次数: 0
Pretreatment circulating MAIT cells, neutrophils, and periostin predicted the real-world response after 1-year mepolizumab treatment in asthmatics 治疗前循环 MAIT 细胞、中性粒细胞和包膜蛋白可预测哮喘患者接受 1 年美泊珠单抗治疗后的实际反应
IF 6.8 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.06.001
Hitoshi Sasano , Norihiro Harada , Sonoko Harada , Tomohito Takeshige , Yuuki Sandhu , Yuki Tanabe , Ayako Ishimori , Kei Matsuno , Tetsutaro Nagaoka , Jun Ito , Asako Chiba , Hisaya Akiba , Ryo Atsuta , Kenji Izuhara , Sachiko Miyake , Kazuhisa Takahashi

Background

Mepolizumab treatment improves symptom control and quality of life and reduces exacerbations in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. However, biomarkers that predict therapeutic effectiveness must be determined for use in precision medicine. Herein, we elucidated the dynamics of various parameters before and after treatment as well as patient characteristics predictive of clinical responsiveness to mepolizumab after 1-year treatment.

Methods

Twenty-seven patients with severe asthma were treated with mepolizumab for one year. Asthma control test scores, pulmonary function tests, fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels, and blood samples were evaluated. Additionally, we explored the role of CD69-positive mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells as a candidate biomarker for predicting treatment effectiveness by evaluating an OVA-induced asthma murine model using MR1 knockout mice, where MAIT cells were absent.

Results

The frequencies of CD69-positive group 1 innate lymphoid cells, group 3 innate lymphoid cells, natural killer cells, and MAIT cells decreased after mepolizumab treatment. The frequency of CD69-positive MAIT cells and neutrophils was lower and serum periostin levels were higher in responders than in non-responders. In the OVA-induced asthma murine model, CD69-positive MAIT cell count in the whole mouse lung was significantly higher than that in the control mice. Moreover, OVA-induced eosinophilic airway inflammation was exacerbated in the MAIT cell-deficient MR1 knockout mice.

Conclusions

This study shows that circulating CD69-positive MAIT cells, neutrophils, and serum periostin might predict the real-world response after 1-year mepolizumab treatment. Furthermore, MAIT cells potentially have a protective role against type 2 airway inflammation.

背景美妥珠单抗治疗可改善严重嗜酸性粒细胞性哮喘患者的症状控制和生活质量,并减少病情恶化。然而,必须确定预测疗效的生物标志物,以便用于精准医疗。在此,我们阐明了治疗前后各种参数的动态变化,以及治疗一年后预测对美泊珠单抗临床反应性的患者特征。我们对哮喘控制测试评分、肺功能测试、呼出一氧化氮分数水平和血液样本进行了评估。此外,我们还通过评估 OVA 诱导的哮喘小鼠模型,使用 MR1 基因敲除小鼠(MR1 基因敲除小鼠不存在 MAIT 细胞),探讨了 CD69 阳性粘膜相关不变 T 细胞(MAIT)作为预测治疗效果的候选生物标记物的作用。与非应答者相比,应答者 CD69 阳性 MAIT 细胞和中性粒细胞的频率较低,血清包膜生长因子水平较高。在 OVA 诱导的哮喘小鼠模型中,小鼠全肺中 CD69 阳性 MAIT 细胞数明显高于对照组小鼠。此外,在 MAIT 细胞缺陷的 MR1 基因敲除小鼠中,OVA 诱导的嗜酸性粒细胞气道炎症会加重。结论这项研究表明,循环中 CD69 阳性的 MAIT 细胞、中性粒细胞和血清包膜生长因子可能会预测美妥珠单抗治疗 1 年后的真实世界反应。此外,MAIT 细胞可能对 2 型气道炎症具有保护作用。
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引用次数: 1
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Allergology International
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