The Korean government is paying attention to the value of closed schools and is trying to make new use of these spaces. However, large sums of money are being spent to cover the management costs of unused closed schools, which are still on the rise. The economic value must be confirmed for efficient utilization and management of closed schools. This study developed a scenario of building a 'public camping site' to utilize the Yeongwoon Branch of Hallyeo Elementary School, which has ecological value as a tourism space. In addition, the economic value was estimated using the contingent valuation method (CVM), and a two-step approach was used to minimize bias. As a result of the study, the willingness to pay, which means the economic value of the closed school, was estimated at 47,524 won. The results of this study will shed light on the potential and value of unused closed schools in Korea and prepare criteria to confirm the feasibility of securing financial investment.
{"title":"Estimating the Value of Closed Schools as a Leisure and Cultural Space","authors":"Ah Yeon Hyun, Won Seok Lee","doi":"10.35176/jmtr.23.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35176/jmtr.23.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"The Korean government is paying attention to the value of closed schools and is trying to make new use of these spaces. However, large sums of money are being spent to cover the management costs of unused closed schools, which are still on the rise. The economic value must be confirmed for efficient utilization and management of closed schools. This study developed a scenario of building a 'public camping site' to utilize the Yeongwoon Branch of Hallyeo Elementary School, which has ecological value as a tourism space. In addition, the economic value was estimated using the contingent valuation method (CVM), and a two-step approach was used to minimize bias. As a result of the study, the willingness to pay, which means the economic value of the closed school, was estimated at 47,524 won. The results of this study will shed light on the potential and value of unused closed schools in Korea and prepare criteria to confirm the feasibility of securing financial investment.","PeriodicalId":489107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of MICE & Tourism Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135991310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While most previous studies evaluating the performance of MICE events focused on the economic impact in the short term, the current research aims to develop performance metrics for assessing MICE legacy performance over time. The MICE integrated districts, one of South Korea’s major MICE-related policies, was the main focus of this research. To achieve the goal of this study, an extensive literature review on event legacy, sporting event legacy, and MICE legacy was conducted before developing a preliminary list of MICE legacy performance indicators divided into six categories. Based on an expert panel survey and in-depth interviews, this study finalized the MICE legacy performance indicators, including six categories and 58 detail indicators. The developed indicators could be used for designinglong-term legacy effect while preparing a MICE event and prioritizing the most crucial area for the hosting venue and organization.
{"title":"Developing MICE Legacy Performance Indicators: Focusing on MICE Integrated Districts","authors":"Hyo-Yeun Park, Dong-han Kim, Yeongbae Choe","doi":"10.35176/jmtr.23.3.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35176/jmtr.23.3.16","url":null,"abstract":"While most previous studies evaluating the performance of MICE events focused on the economic impact in the short term, the current research aims to develop performance metrics for assessing MICE legacy performance over time. The MICE integrated districts, one of South Korea’s major MICE-related policies, was the main focus of this research. To achieve the goal of this study, an extensive literature review on event legacy, sporting event legacy, and MICE legacy was conducted before developing a preliminary list of MICE legacy performance indicators divided into six categories. Based on an expert panel survey and in-depth interviews, this study finalized the MICE legacy performance indicators, including six categories and 58 detail indicators. The developed indicators could be used for designinglong-term legacy effect while preparing a MICE event and prioritizing the most crucial area for the hosting venue and organization.","PeriodicalId":489107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of MICE & Tourism Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135991057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted to provide basic data for preparing a development policy for the exhibition and convention industry in the future by empirically analyzing the current status of exhibition and convention holding, regional distribution, and operation status. From 2012 to 2019, China's exhibition and convention industry experienced continuous quantitative growth at an average annual rate of 8-10 % in terms of the total number of exhibitions and conventions, total exhibition area, and total quantity. However, 70% of the exhibition convention centers were distributed among the seven major regions of China, mainly in Hwadong, Hwanam, and Hwabuk. In addition, the operation rate of the exhibition and convention center was above 50% for the top seven, which was less than 2% of the total. Since 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, online exhibition conventions have become an opportunity to emerge with an 11% share of the total.
{"title":"A Comparison of Brand Personality for Chinese Convention Destinations: Focused on Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Chengdu","authors":"Chang Tian, Tae-Sook Lee, Chul-Won Kim","doi":"10.35176/jmtr.23.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35176/jmtr.23.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to provide basic data for preparing a development policy for the exhibition and convention industry in the future by empirically analyzing the current status of exhibition and convention holding, regional distribution, and operation status. From 2012 to 2019, China's exhibition and convention industry experienced continuous quantitative growth at an average annual rate of 8-10 % in terms of the total number of exhibitions and conventions, total exhibition area, and total quantity. However, 70% of the exhibition convention centers were distributed among the seven major regions of China, mainly in Hwadong, Hwanam, and Hwabuk. In addition, the operation rate of the exhibition and convention center was above 50% for the top seven, which was less than 2% of the total. Since 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, online exhibition conventions have become an opportunity to emerge with an 11% share of the total.","PeriodicalId":489107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of MICE & Tourism Research","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135991305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the causal relationships among self-esteem, appearance satisfaction, self-efficacy, and employment stress of college students majoring in face-to-face service jobs dealing with customers directly, and verified the mediating effect of self-efficacy. An online survey was conducted of college students majoring in tourism, and 360 surveys were used for analysis. As a result of the analysis, self-esteem and appearance satisfaction had a negative effect on employment stress, and self-esteem and appearance satisfaction had a positive effect on self-efficacy. Self-efficacy had a negative effect on employment stress. The mediating effect of self-efficacy was verified in the relationships among self-esteem, appearance satisfaction, and employment stress. Based on the results of the study, potential practical implications that can reduce employment stress were presented.
{"title":"The Effects of Self-Esteem and Appearance Satisfaction on Employment Stress of College Students Majoring in Face-to-face Service Jobs: Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy","authors":"Hyunju Kim","doi":"10.35176/jmtr.23.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35176/jmtr.23.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the causal relationships among self-esteem, appearance satisfaction, self-efficacy, and employment stress of college students majoring in face-to-face service jobs dealing with customers directly, and verified the mediating effect of self-efficacy. An online survey was conducted of college students majoring in tourism, and 360 surveys were used for analysis. As a result of the analysis, self-esteem and appearance satisfaction had a negative effect on employment stress, and self-esteem and appearance satisfaction had a positive effect on self-efficacy. Self-efficacy had a negative effect on employment stress. The mediating effect of self-efficacy was verified in the relationships among self-esteem, appearance satisfaction, and employment stress. Based on the results of the study, potential practical implications that can reduce employment stress were presented.","PeriodicalId":489107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of MICE & Tourism Research","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135991309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The project to promote regionally specialized conventions, which began in 2012 to create MICE demand in connection with local industries and foster world-class convention events, has been suspended since 2020 due to COVID-19. In the meantime, it has contributed to resolving the problem of biases in the metropolitan area. However, even though the effect of the supported events on the local industry should be maximized, the weight for indicators contributing to the local industry was insufficient. Therefore, the feasibility of each event was analyzed in terms of its effect on the local economy. Thus, based on the integrated interim classification calculation table of the Bank of Korea’s 2015 regional industry linkage table (2020), an analysis was conducted focusing on the production inducement multiplier in the field of regionally specialized conventions. As a result of the analysis, events that lack connectivity with local industries were found. Possibility has been raised as another means of verifying industry contribution in the future.
{"title":"A Study of the Feasibility of Regional Specialized Conventions Using the Regional I-O Model","authors":"Jang-Wook Kwon","doi":"10.35176/jmtr.23.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35176/jmtr.23.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"The project to promote regionally specialized conventions, which began in 2012 to create MICE demand in connection with local industries and foster world-class convention events, has been suspended since 2020 due to COVID-19. In the meantime, it has contributed to resolving the problem of biases in the metropolitan area. However, even though the effect of the supported events on the local industry should be maximized, the weight for indicators contributing to the local industry was insufficient. Therefore, the feasibility of each event was analyzed in terms of its effect on the local economy. Thus, based on the integrated interim classification calculation table of the Bank of Korea’s 2015 regional industry linkage table (2020), an analysis was conducted focusing on the production inducement multiplier in the field of regionally specialized conventions. As a result of the analysis, events that lack connectivity with local industries were found. Possibility has been raised as another means of verifying industry contribution in the future.","PeriodicalId":489107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of MICE & Tourism Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135991061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted to provide basic data for preparing a development policy for the exhibition and convention industry in the future by empirically analyzing the current status of exhibition and convention holding, regional distribution, and operation status. From 2012 to 2019, China's exhibition and convention industry experienced continuous quantitative growth at an average annual rate of 8-10 % in terms of the total number of exhibitions and conventions, total exhibition area, and total quantity. However, 70% of the exhibition convention centers were distributed among the seven major regions of China, mainly in Hwadong, Hwanam, and Hwabuk. In addition, the operation rate of the exhibition and convention center was above 50% for the top seven, which was less than 2% of the total. Since 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, online exhibition conventions have become an opportunity to emerge with an 11% share of the total.
{"title":"The Current Hosting and Operational Status of Exhibition and Convention Centers in China","authors":"Weiwei Li, Deuk Jung, Jinoh Han, Jongseok Lee","doi":"10.35176/jmtr.23.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35176/jmtr.23.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to provide basic data for preparing a development policy for the exhibition and convention industry in the future by empirically analyzing the current status of exhibition and convention holding, regional distribution, and operation status. From 2012 to 2019, China's exhibition and convention industry experienced continuous quantitative growth at an average annual rate of 8-10 % in terms of the total number of exhibitions and conventions, total exhibition area, and total quantity. However, 70% of the exhibition convention centers were distributed among the seven major regions of China, mainly in Hwadong, Hwanam, and Hwabuk. In addition, the operation rate of the exhibition and convention center was above 50% for the top seven, which was less than 2% of the total. Since 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, online exhibition conventions have become an opportunity to emerge with an 11% share of the total.","PeriodicalId":489107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of MICE & Tourism Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135991307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is a study on the structural relationships among environmental, social, and governance (ESG) management activities, authenticity, and corporate reputation of restaurant companies perceived by consumers. To examine these relationships, a research model and hypotheses were established based on the theoretical considerations of existing studies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the authenticity of ESG management activities of restaurant companies and the relationship between authenticity and corporate reputation. As a result of verifying the hypotheses presented through the research model, it was found that ESG management activities (eco-friendly management, governance) of restaurant companies had a positive effect on authenticity. However, among the ESG activities, the elements of socially responsible management did not appear to have an impact. Also sincerity has been shown to have a positive effect on corporate reputation. Therefore, in the course of this study, the hypotheses presented through the theoretical grounds of previous studies were partially adopted.
{"title":"A Study on the Structural Relationship between ESG Management Activities, Authenticity, and Corporate Reputation of Restaurant Companies Perceived by Consumers","authors":"Jung-Ha Park","doi":"10.35176/jmtr.23.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35176/jmtr.23.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"This is a study on the structural relationships among environmental, social, and governance (ESG) management activities, authenticity, and corporate reputation of restaurant companies perceived by consumers. To examine these relationships, a research model and hypotheses were established based on the theoretical considerations of existing studies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the authenticity of ESG management activities of restaurant companies and the relationship between authenticity and corporate reputation. As a result of verifying the hypotheses presented through the research model, it was found that ESG management activities (eco-friendly management, governance) of restaurant companies had a positive effect on authenticity. However, among the ESG activities, the elements of socially responsible management did not appear to have an impact. Also sincerity has been shown to have a positive effect on corporate reputation. Therefore, in the course of this study, the hypotheses presented through the theoretical grounds of previous studies were partially adopted.","PeriodicalId":489107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of MICE & Tourism Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135991312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study raises the need for research on how to promote and utilize tourism areas using metaverse at a time when new types of digital tourism services are inevitable along with the universal generalization of the digital world. In addition, as a basis for the tourism platform, this study aimed to present practical approaches such as the properties of the use of metaverse and valuation. To this end, the choice experiment research method was applied. As a result of the analysis, the realism, gamification, and interaction of the metaverse platform had a positive effect on research participants' digital tourism choices. On the other hand, the cost of use had a negative effect on the study participants. As a theoretical implication, the choice experiment method was applied to a virtual space to conduct verification, which contributed to the expansion of the scope of the research area. As for practical implications, the disadvantages and advantages of the tourism platform using virtual spaces were derived.
{"title":"A Study on the Value Evaluation of Metaverse-based Tourism Platforms through Choice Experiment(CE)","authors":"Jin-Seok Han, Eun-Joo Yoon","doi":"10.35176/jmtr.23.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35176/jmtr.23.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study raises the need for research on how to promote and utilize tourism areas using metaverse at a time when new types of digital tourism services are inevitable along with the universal generalization of the digital world. In addition, as a basis for the tourism platform, this study aimed to present practical approaches such as the properties of the use of metaverse and valuation. To this end, the choice experiment research method was applied. As a result of the analysis, the realism, gamification, and interaction of the metaverse platform had a positive effect on research participants' digital tourism choices. On the other hand, the cost of use had a negative effect on the study participants. As a theoretical implication, the choice experiment method was applied to a virtual space to conduct verification, which contributed to the expansion of the scope of the research area. As for practical implications, the disadvantages and advantages of the tourism platform using virtual spaces were derived.","PeriodicalId":489107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of MICE & Tourism Research","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135991058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study applied the extended theory of planned behavior to ARMY's attitude and BTS tourism behavioral intentions by suggesting source credibility (attractive, artistic expertise, place expertise, and integrity) and three dimensions of congruence as leading variables. As a result of analyzing a total of 394 valid questionnaire responses, only integrity among the four sources of credibility had a significant effect on congruence. Meanwhile, among the three types of congruence, only BTS-ARMY's congruence had a significant positive (+) effect on BTS tourism attitude. Furthermore, BTS tourism attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control had positive (+) effects on BTS tourism behavioral intentions. Finally, the effect of BTS tourism attitude on behavioral intention was greater in the lower group of prior knowledge of BTS-related areas than in the higher group. This study is meaningful in that it recognized 'BTS tourism' as an important field of K-POP tourism and took an academic approach to the BTS tourism.
{"title":"An Analysis of influence of Trust in BTS on ARMY’s BTS Tourism: Moderating Effects of Prior Knowledge of BTS-related Areas","authors":"Somi Park, Ji-Youn Jeong","doi":"10.35176/jmtr.23.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35176/jmtr.23.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study applied the extended theory of planned behavior to ARMY's attitude and BTS tourism behavioral intentions by suggesting source credibility (attractive, artistic expertise, place expertise, and integrity) and three dimensions of congruence as leading variables. As a result of analyzing a total of 394 valid questionnaire responses, only integrity among the four sources of credibility had a significant effect on congruence. Meanwhile, among the three types of congruence, only BTS-ARMY's congruence had a significant positive (+) effect on BTS tourism attitude. Furthermore, BTS tourism attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control had positive (+) effects on BTS tourism behavioral intentions. Finally, the effect of BTS tourism attitude on behavioral intention was greater in the lower group of prior knowledge of BTS-related areas than in the higher group. This study is meaningful in that it recognized 'BTS tourism' as an important field of K-POP tourism and took an academic approach to the BTS tourism.","PeriodicalId":489107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of MICE & Tourism Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135991060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the mutually beneficial development of metaverse and the tourism industry from a legal perspective. Metaverse provides virtual spaces that offer experiences similar to the real world, and it has gained significant attention for its potential applications in the tourism industry. However, this development comes with legal challenges and issues that need to be addressed. This study presents specific measures focusing on intellectual property protection, personal data privacy, diversity promotion, and the enhancement of transaction and contractual effectiveness. By pursuing these measures, metaverse and the tourism industry can foster innovation and provide enriched tourism experiences. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the legal aspects surrounding metaverse and its integration with the tourism industry, paving the way for their sustainable and mutually beneficial development.
{"title":"A Study on the Development Direction of Metaverse Platforms in the Tourism Industry from a Legal Perspective","authors":"Cheol-Min Kim","doi":"10.35176/jmtr.23.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35176/jmtr.23.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the mutually beneficial development of metaverse and the tourism industry from a legal perspective. Metaverse provides virtual spaces that offer experiences similar to the real world, and it has gained significant attention for its potential applications in the tourism industry. However, this development comes with legal challenges and issues that need to be addressed. This study presents specific measures focusing on intellectual property protection, personal data privacy, diversity promotion, and the enhancement of transaction and contractual effectiveness. By pursuing these measures, metaverse and the tourism industry can foster innovation and provide enriched tourism experiences. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the legal aspects surrounding metaverse and its integration with the tourism industry, paving the way for their sustainable and mutually beneficial development.","PeriodicalId":489107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of MICE & Tourism Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135991056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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