Background. Disabled sport is coming one of the method of physical, mental and social rehabilitation. The main objective of the study was to assess physical activity and selected health behaviours of disabled people training in para dance.Material and methods. Twenty-five people took part in the study, aged 9-27 years old. The subjects were divided into two groups. Group 1 included people with at least two years of training experience, who train systematically throughout the year and participate in competitions. On the other hand, people with less training experience or who do not have the opportunity to systematically participate in dance training were assigned to Group 2. The survey included the following questionnaires: Modified International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Juczyński’s Health-Related Behaviour Inventory (HRBI) and the author’s questionnaire.Results. The dancers’ health behaviours assessed using HRBI showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups. Overall physical activity measured by IPAQ is significant higher in professionally dancers (p<0.05). Analysis of the results of the each categories of IPAQ showed slight differences between the study groups. Conclusions. Participation in dance training had an impact on the health-related behaviour of people with disabilities. Dancers practising athletically and recreationally were paying attention to a healthy lifestyle.
{"title":"Assessment of physical activity and health-related behaviours of disabled dancers","authors":"Justyna Wielgosz, Dariusz Boguszewski, Dariusz Białoszewski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.8766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.8766","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Disabled sport is coming one of the method of physical, mental and social rehabilitation. The main objective of the study was to assess physical activity and selected health behaviours of disabled people training in para dance.Material and methods. Twenty-five people took part in the study, aged 9-27 years old. The subjects were divided into two groups. Group 1 included people with at least two years of training experience, who train systematically throughout the year and participate in competitions. On the other hand, people with less training experience or who do not have the opportunity to systematically participate in dance training were assigned to Group 2. The survey included the following questionnaires: Modified International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Juczyński’s Health-Related Behaviour Inventory (HRBI) and the author’s questionnaire.Results. The dancers’ health behaviours assessed using HRBI showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups. Overall physical activity measured by IPAQ is significant higher in professionally dancers (p<0.05). Analysis of the results of the each categories of IPAQ showed slight differences between the study groups. Conclusions. Participation in dance training had an impact on the health-related behaviour of people with disabilities. Dancers practising athletically and recreationally were paying attention to a healthy lifestyle.","PeriodicalId":489464,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Sportowa","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136272401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.8765
Anna Kuna, Anna Katarzyna Wrońska
An adequate supply of minerals in the diet is crucial for the proper functioning of the immune system. This applies to both the mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity, and in particular, the pro- and anti-inflammatory balance of the body. For most people, a balanced diet is sufficient to provide the body with adequate amounts of minerals. However, certain groups are particularly at risk of deficiencies in these nutrients. These include people who perform frequent and intense sports training when the body does not have an opportunity to regenerate properly. The aim of this paper was to discuss the role of minerals in the suitable functioning of the immune system. The following review of the latest literature focuses on the role of magnesium, zinc, iron and selenium as the components of greatest importance in immunology. The effects of a deficiency of these minerals and their impact on the maturation and function of immunocompetent cells, antibody production, cytokine production and immune pathways are discussed. The review was based on the available data collected in the PubMed database and in the Google Scholar search engine using the keywords: “the role of magnesium in the immune system”, “the role of zinc in the immune system”, “the role of iron in the immune system”, the role of selenium in the immune system”, “mineral deficiencies in athletes”, “impact of intense physical exercise on the immune system”.
{"title":"Minerals and their role in the optimal functioning of the immune system – literature review","authors":"Anna Kuna, Anna Katarzyna Wrońska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.8765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.8765","url":null,"abstract":"An adequate supply of minerals in the diet is crucial for the proper functioning of the immune system. This applies to both the mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity, and in particular, the pro- and anti-inflammatory balance of the body. For most people, a balanced diet is sufficient to provide the body with adequate amounts of minerals. However, certain groups are particularly at risk of deficiencies in these nutrients. These include people who perform frequent and intense sports training when the body does not have an opportunity to regenerate properly. The aim of this paper was to discuss the role of minerals in the suitable functioning of the immune system. The following review of the latest literature focuses on the role of magnesium, zinc, iron and selenium as the components of greatest importance in immunology. The effects of a deficiency of these minerals and their impact on the maturation and function of immunocompetent cells, antibody production, cytokine production and immune pathways are discussed. The review was based on the available data collected in the PubMed database and in the Google Scholar search engine using the keywords: “the role of magnesium in the immune system”, “the role of zinc in the immune system”, “the role of iron in the immune system”, the role of selenium in the immune system”, “mineral deficiencies in athletes”, “impact of intense physical exercise on the immune system”.","PeriodicalId":489464,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Sportowa","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136272406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.9296
Anna Cabak, Nikodem Drela, Wiesław Tomaszewski
Background. The following paper describes back pain problems among windsurfers at different levels of advancement and a proposal for pain reduction by means of deep tissue massage (DTM). The following research assumption was accepted: windsurfers often suffer from back pain, and deep tissue massage may be a suitable tool for reduction of these complaints. The purpose of this study was to verify wthether deep tissue massage is an effective therapeutic approach for windsurfers.Material and methods. The study took place on the Hel Peninsula in Poland and involved thirty windsurfers in the age range between18 and 27 years at various levels of advancement. One session of deep tissue massage in the study group and a single heat treatment in the control group were carried out; heat therapy was applied in the subjects assuming a supine position on a heated massage table. In order to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the applied procedure, the NRS scale was used to test the level of back pain and the sit and reach test was used to test the range of motion and to evaluate the effects of therapy.Results. After the treatment, the mean level of pain in the control group decreased by 33.9% while in the study group this level decreased by 57.1% relative to the initial pre-treatment value in each group. The average score in the sit&reach test increased by 3.7% in the control group, while in the study group it increased by 10.4% relative to the initial pre-treatment values in these groups. As the level of windsurfer’s advancment increases, the therapeutic effect decreases, and the longer the time of the windsurfing session windsurfing was, the higher increase in back pain was noted. The average analgesic effect was the highest in the beginners, and then it sequentially decreased by 2.2% and 6.3% as the level of advancement increased. It was shown that the differences in the analgesic and relaxation effects between the test and control groups were not statistically significant.Conclusions. Both deep tissue massage and the application of heat had a positive effect on reduction of the back pain level and relaxation of the back muscles after windsurfing. Larger differences were noted in the post-treatment study after DTMapplication. Further studies on a larger study group are needed to confirm the effectiveness of DTM. Attention should be paid to injury prevention in windsurfers by taking breaks after each hour of the windsurfing session.
{"title":"Effect of deep tissue massage on reducing back pain in windsurfers","authors":"Anna Cabak, Nikodem Drela, Wiesław Tomaszewski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.9296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.9296","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The following paper describes back pain problems among windsurfers at different levels of advancement and a proposal for pain reduction by means of deep tissue massage (DTM). The following research assumption was accepted: windsurfers often suffer from back pain, and deep tissue massage may be a suitable tool for reduction of these complaints. The purpose of this study was to verify wthether deep tissue massage is an effective therapeutic approach for windsurfers.Material and methods. The study took place on the Hel Peninsula in Poland and involved thirty windsurfers in the age range between18 and 27 years at various levels of advancement. One session of deep tissue massage in the study group and a single heat treatment in the control group were carried out; heat therapy was applied in the subjects assuming a supine position on a heated massage table. In order to evaluate the therapeutic effects of the applied procedure, the NRS scale was used to test the level of back pain and the sit and reach test was used to test the range of motion and to evaluate the effects of therapy.Results. After the treatment, the mean level of pain in the control group decreased by 33.9% while in the study group this level decreased by 57.1% relative to the initial pre-treatment value in each group. The average score in the sit&reach test increased by 3.7% in the control group, while in the study group it increased by 10.4% relative to the initial pre-treatment values in these groups. As the level of windsurfer’s advancment increases, the therapeutic effect decreases, and the longer the time of the windsurfing session windsurfing was, the higher increase in back pain was noted. The average analgesic effect was the highest in the beginners, and then it sequentially decreased by 2.2% and 6.3% as the level of advancement increased. It was shown that the differences in the analgesic and relaxation effects between the test and control groups were not statistically significant.Conclusions. Both deep tissue massage and the application of heat had a positive effect on reduction of the back pain level and relaxation of the back muscles after windsurfing. Larger differences were noted in the post-treatment study after DTMapplication. Further studies on a larger study group are needed to confirm the effectiveness of DTM. Attention should be paid to injury prevention in windsurfers by taking breaks after each hour of the windsurfing session.","PeriodicalId":489464,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Sportowa","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135039489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0053.9297
Mohammad Saeid Kiani
The prevalence of illicit energy use among athletes is still growing despite many bans, and several factors appear to play a role in their use. The purpose of this study was to investigate the familiarity of sports enthusiasts with the category of doping and the proposed deterrent reactions to it in Kermanshah province. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire with 40 questions was used. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by consulting professors related to the research topic and its reliability was reported to be 0.79 using Cronbach’s alpha. The statistical population of the study consisted of all athletes in Kermanshah province. Due to the large number of samples, cluster random sampling method was used to collect samples. Finally, 700 questionnaires were returned, out of 431 questions. A healthy letter was used. Research data analysis was performed using SPSS software. The results showed that athletes are well acquainted with the category of doping and their attitude is anti-doping, they also agree with the ban on doping and factors such as gender, education and age affect the proposed anti-doping reactions. Research data analysis was performed using SPSS software. The results showed that athletes are well acquainted with the category of doping and their attitude is anti-doping, they also agree with the ban on doping and factors such as gender, education and age affect the proposed anti-doping reactions.
{"title":"Survey of the level of familiarity of sports enthusiasts with the category of doping and the proposed inhibitory reactions to it","authors":"Mohammad Saeid Kiani","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0053.9297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.9297","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of illicit energy use among athletes is still growing despite many bans, and several factors appear to play a role in their use. The purpose of this study was to investigate the familiarity of sports enthusiasts with the category of doping and the proposed deterrent reactions to it in Kermanshah province. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire with 40 questions was used. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by consulting professors related to the research topic and its reliability was reported to be 0.79 using Cronbach’s alpha. The statistical population of the study consisted of all athletes in Kermanshah province. Due to the large number of samples, cluster random sampling method was used to collect samples. Finally, 700 questionnaires were returned, out of 431 questions. A healthy letter was used. Research data analysis was performed using SPSS software. The results showed that athletes are well acquainted with the category of doping and their attitude is anti-doping, they also agree with the ban on doping and factors such as gender, education and age affect the proposed anti-doping reactions. Research data analysis was performed using SPSS software. The results showed that athletes are well acquainted with the category of doping and their attitude is anti-doping, they also agree with the ban on doping and factors such as gender, education and age affect the proposed anti-doping reactions.","PeriodicalId":489464,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Sportowa","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135039462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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