Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2165312
B. Sohrabian, Saeed Soltani-Mohammadi, A. Tercan
ABSTRACT A new approach is proposed for simultaneous diagonalisation of variance-covariance matrices to generate spatially orthogonal factors using based on simulated annealing method. Simultaneous diagonalisation was applied to three quality attributes of a coal seam. The proposed method was successful in diagonalisation due to creating factors with cross-variograms that lie in tighter intervals compared with minimum/maximum autocorrelation factors (MAF). Simulation through the proposed approach showed variable dependent results in terms of reproducing mean values, variances, correlation coefficients, and auto-variograms of variables. However, the new approach showed advantage over MAF in reproducing the cross-variograms of variables, especially in the downhole direction.
{"title":"Joint simulation of coal quality attributes using a new simulated annealing-based method of diagonalisation","authors":"B. Sohrabian, Saeed Soltani-Mohammadi, A. Tercan","doi":"10.1080/17480930.2023.2165312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2023.2165312","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A new approach is proposed for simultaneous diagonalisation of variance-covariance matrices to generate spatially orthogonal factors using based on simulated annealing method. Simultaneous diagonalisation was applied to three quality attributes of a coal seam. The proposed method was successful in diagonalisation due to creating factors with cross-variograms that lie in tighter intervals compared with minimum/maximum autocorrelation factors (MAF). Simulation through the proposed approach showed variable dependent results in terms of reproducing mean values, variances, correlation coefficients, and auto-variograms of variables. However, the new approach showed advantage over MAF in reproducing the cross-variograms of variables, especially in the downhole direction.","PeriodicalId":49180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment","volume":"37 1","pages":"216 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48726264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-23DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2168870
Mahdeyeh Firouzabadi, K. Esmaeili, Gholamreza Saeedi Rashkolia, Mohsen Asadi
ABSTRACT One of the most significant challenges for cave mining methods is dilution, a process which is generally controlled by the gravity flow of caved materials. In this study, the discrete element method (DEM) was used to investigate the effects of changing the porosity of blasted ring material and caved waste rocks and of changing the ring inclination on material flow in a sublevel cave (SLC) mine. Yade software was used to simulate two-dimensional gravity flow in a longitudinal section of the sublevel while taking into consideration the shape and size distribution of the flowing rock particles. Four simulations were generated with different porosities, and the material flow in the models was compared to each other. The results demonstrate that when ring porosity is increased, dilution decreases, and the height of the extraction zone grows longitudinally. Also, a lower porosity of the blasted ore material in the ring can cause early dilution entry and expansion of the extraction zone towards the caved waste.. Finally, the effect of ring inclination on the material flow and dilution was investigated. The results of these simulations show an increased dilution as the ring inclination increases and a change in the shape of the extraction zone.
{"title":"A discrete element modelling of gravity flow in sublevel caving considering the shape and size distribution of particles","authors":"Mahdeyeh Firouzabadi, K. Esmaeili, Gholamreza Saeedi Rashkolia, Mohsen Asadi","doi":"10.1080/17480930.2023.2168870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2023.2168870","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT One of the most significant challenges for cave mining methods is dilution, a process which is generally controlled by the gravity flow of caved materials. In this study, the discrete element method (DEM) was used to investigate the effects of changing the porosity of blasted ring material and caved waste rocks and of changing the ring inclination on material flow in a sublevel cave (SLC) mine. Yade software was used to simulate two-dimensional gravity flow in a longitudinal section of the sublevel while taking into consideration the shape and size distribution of the flowing rock particles. Four simulations were generated with different porosities, and the material flow in the models was compared to each other. The results demonstrate that when ring porosity is increased, dilution decreases, and the height of the extraction zone grows longitudinally. Also, a lower porosity of the blasted ore material in the ring can cause early dilution entry and expansion of the extraction zone towards the caved waste.. Finally, the effect of ring inclination on the material flow and dilution was investigated. The results of these simulations show an increased dilution as the ring inclination increases and a change in the shape of the extraction zone.","PeriodicalId":49180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment","volume":"37 1","pages":"255 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45426629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-10DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2166248
Dong-kil Lee, Joonhak Lee, Y. Cheong, Jongmyung Park
ABSTRACT In order to effectively manage the sludge in the settling ponds, it is necessary to understand the physical properties of the sludge according to the depth in the pond. A new sludge sampling device and method was proposed in this study. Sludge was sampled at three depths in four facilities in South Korea, and the water content, particle size, density, composition, and viscosity of the sediment according to the depth were measured and evaluated. These results can be used to predict the shape of sediment and the lifetime of the settling pond, and to plan and effectively implement sediment removal.
{"title":"Physical properties of mine drainage sediment according to depth in settling ponds","authors":"Dong-kil Lee, Joonhak Lee, Y. Cheong, Jongmyung Park","doi":"10.1080/17480930.2023.2166248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2023.2166248","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In order to effectively manage the sludge in the settling ponds, it is necessary to understand the physical properties of the sludge according to the depth in the pond. A new sludge sampling device and method was proposed in this study. Sludge was sampled at three depths in four facilities in South Korea, and the water content, particle size, density, composition, and viscosity of the sediment according to the depth were measured and evaluated. These results can be used to predict the shape of sediment and the lifetime of the settling pond, and to plan and effectively implement sediment removal.","PeriodicalId":49180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment","volume":"37 1","pages":"148 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44960793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2166761
R. Castro, F. Betancourt, R. Gómez, O. Salas, J. Zarabia
ABSTRACT Mud-rush mechanisms during ore extraction have not been fully studied. In this study, a new experimental setup was created to analyse mud-rush events under controlled conditions. A block caving drawbell was scaled and filled with wet granular material to be extracted. The material drawn was then classified based on its consistency index. The results showed that the yield stress and the material consistency are good predictors of mud events in the experimental results. Finally, mud-rush events occurred mainly when material consistency was classified as plastic, soft, or fluid – with soft and fluid being the most significant.
{"title":"Experimental study of mudrush mechanisms under different moisture contents in block caving","authors":"R. Castro, F. Betancourt, R. Gómez, O. Salas, J. Zarabia","doi":"10.1080/17480930.2023.2166761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2023.2166761","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mud-rush mechanisms during ore extraction have not been fully studied. In this study, a new experimental setup was created to analyse mud-rush events under controlled conditions. A block caving drawbell was scaled and filled with wet granular material to be extracted. The material drawn was then classified based on its consistency index. The results showed that the yield stress and the material consistency are good predictors of mud events in the experimental results. Finally, mud-rush events occurred mainly when material consistency was classified as plastic, soft, or fluid – with soft and fluid being the most significant.","PeriodicalId":49180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment","volume":"37 1","pages":"243 - 254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49199179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2022.2160891
Hongshuo Gong, M. Tabesh, A. Moradi Afrapoli, H. Askari-Nasab
ABSTRACT Stockpiles are of great importance in open pit mine production scheduling and are widely used for different reasons while being placed in different locations. Near face stockpile (NFS) is a new mining concept which combines the IPCC (in-pit crushing and conveying) method with an in-pit near-face (and near crusher) stockpile. The stockpile decouples the whole mining flow into two weakly related subsystems, which are the mining subsystem and processing subsystem. There are many theoretical advantages in comparison to the traditional open-pit mining method, such as higher tolerance on uncertainties without compromising production, higher equipment utilisation, less operating cost, better blending results, etc. The introduction of NFS, however, requires reconsideration of production planning in open pit mines. In this paper, we developed a mixed integer linear programming model to solve long-term production scheduling problem in open pit mines. To quantitatively measure the performance of the NFS mining method, we implemented the model in a real mining case study and compared the results with the traditional open pit mining method with an out-of-pit crusher. The results reveal that implementing the NFS method can improve the net present value by 9.3% and decrease the plant MWT head grade deviation by 20%.
{"title":"Near-face stockpile open pit mining: a method to enhance NPV and quality of the plant throughput","authors":"Hongshuo Gong, M. Tabesh, A. Moradi Afrapoli, H. Askari-Nasab","doi":"10.1080/17480930.2022.2160891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2022.2160891","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Stockpiles are of great importance in open pit mine production scheduling and are widely used for different reasons while being placed in different locations. Near face stockpile (NFS) is a new mining concept which combines the IPCC (in-pit crushing and conveying) method with an in-pit near-face (and near crusher) stockpile. The stockpile decouples the whole mining flow into two weakly related subsystems, which are the mining subsystem and processing subsystem. There are many theoretical advantages in comparison to the traditional open-pit mining method, such as higher tolerance on uncertainties without compromising production, higher equipment utilisation, less operating cost, better blending results, etc. The introduction of NFS, however, requires reconsideration of production planning in open pit mines. In this paper, we developed a mixed integer linear programming model to solve long-term production scheduling problem in open pit mines. To quantitatively measure the performance of the NFS mining method, we implemented the model in a real mining case study and compared the results with the traditional open pit mining method with an out-of-pit crusher. The results reveal that implementing the NFS method can improve the net present value by 9.3% and decrease the plant MWT head grade deviation by 20%.","PeriodicalId":49180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment","volume":"37 1","pages":"200 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47884438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2022.2156724
Ehsan Sadrossadat, H. Basarir, A. Karrech, M. Elchalakani
ABSTRACT Cemented paste backfill (CPB) is a profitable tailings management strategy for underground mines. CPB is designed to meet specific objectives and constraints such as strength and workability at reasonable costs. Traditional design of CPB is costly due to large number of variables such as properties of tailings/cement. This paper proposes an innovative AI-based approach for multi-objective mixture design optimisation of CPB considering properties of tailings and cement. This approach contributes to meliorating mine economy according to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by reducing the amount of cement considering pozzolanic potential of tailings, thereby reducing carbon footprint and operational costs.
{"title":"Innovative AI-based multi-objective mixture design optimisation of CPB considering properties of tailings and cement","authors":"Ehsan Sadrossadat, H. Basarir, A. Karrech, M. Elchalakani","doi":"10.1080/17480930.2022.2156724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2022.2156724","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cemented paste backfill (CPB) is a profitable tailings management strategy for underground mines. CPB is designed to meet specific objectives and constraints such as strength and workability at reasonable costs. Traditional design of CPB is costly due to large number of variables such as properties of tailings/cement. This paper proposes an innovative AI-based approach for multi-objective mixture design optimisation of CPB considering properties of tailings and cement. This approach contributes to meliorating mine economy according to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by reducing the amount of cement considering pozzolanic potential of tailings, thereby reducing carbon footprint and operational costs.","PeriodicalId":49180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment","volume":"37 1","pages":"110 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43167067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2022.2159295
Francis Otieno, S. Shukla
ABSTRACT Mine tailings dams are surface impoundment structures consisting of raised embankments that are built to contain mine tailings and mill effluents. In the past, many failures of these iron ore mine tailings storage facilities/dams have been reported worldwide in different forms. In this paper, an attempt has been made to review the failure modes, mechanisms and possible solutions to enhance the stability and safety of iron ore tailings dams. A comprehensive investigation has been carried out on 16 failure cases of such dams that were reported from 1917 to the current period. Additionally, mineralogy of iron ore tailings has been provided. The analysis of the past failures shows that most failures took place as a result of slope instability, overtopping, liquefaction-related instability, foundation movement and some form of structural failure. It has been found that 31.25% of iron ore mine tailings dams collapsed due to slope instability, 18.75% due to overtopping, 6.25% due to liquefaction-related instabilities, 6.25% due to foundation failure, 6.25% due to erosion, and 6.25% due to structural failure. In 25% of the failure cases, the causes have been unknown. An attempt is also made here to present prevention and remediation measures for avoiding failures and the associated negative environmental impacts in future.
{"title":"An insight into failure of iron ore mine tailings dams","authors":"Francis Otieno, S. Shukla","doi":"10.1080/17480930.2022.2159295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2022.2159295","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mine tailings dams are surface impoundment structures consisting of raised embankments that are built to contain mine tailings and mill effluents. In the past, many failures of these iron ore mine tailings storage facilities/dams have been reported worldwide in different forms. In this paper, an attempt has been made to review the failure modes, mechanisms and possible solutions to enhance the stability and safety of iron ore tailings dams. A comprehensive investigation has been carried out on 16 failure cases of such dams that were reported from 1917 to the current period. Additionally, mineralogy of iron ore tailings has been provided. The analysis of the past failures shows that most failures took place as a result of slope instability, overtopping, liquefaction-related instability, foundation movement and some form of structural failure. It has been found that 31.25% of iron ore mine tailings dams collapsed due to slope instability, 18.75% due to overtopping, 6.25% due to liquefaction-related instabilities, 6.25% due to foundation failure, 6.25% due to erosion, and 6.25% due to structural failure. In 25% of the failure cases, the causes have been unknown. An attempt is also made here to present prevention and remediation measures for avoiding failures and the associated negative environmental impacts in future.","PeriodicalId":49180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment","volume":"37 1","pages":"127 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46989053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2022.2152170
S. Yasar, A. Abdallah, T. Shepel, J. Bretschneider, C. Drebenstedt
ABSTRACT In this paper, acoustic emission (AE) method was used to differentiate three concretes having different strengths in laboratory. Cutting tests under different conditions in full-scale cutting testing rig coupled with AE measurements were realised. AE measurements were evaluated by means of magnitude. Afterwards, moving maximum algorithm was utilised to process AE signals, and processed plots were employed to create surface contour plots. It was clearly seen that AE measurements can be used to differentiate materials being cut in terms of strength differences, such that higher strength concrete yielded higher magnitudes of AE signals where lower strength concrete showed lower magnitudes.
{"title":"Differentiation of artificial rocks in mechanical cutting using acoustics emission (AE) towards selective mining","authors":"S. Yasar, A. Abdallah, T. Shepel, J. Bretschneider, C. Drebenstedt","doi":"10.1080/17480930.2022.2152170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2022.2152170","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, acoustic emission (AE) method was used to differentiate three concretes having different strengths in laboratory. Cutting tests under different conditions in full-scale cutting testing rig coupled with AE measurements were realised. AE measurements were evaluated by means of magnitude. Afterwards, moving maximum algorithm was utilised to process AE signals, and processed plots were employed to create surface contour plots. It was clearly seen that AE measurements can be used to differentiate materials being cut in terms of strength differences, such that higher strength concrete yielded higher magnitudes of AE signals where lower strength concrete showed lower magnitudes.","PeriodicalId":49180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment","volume":"37 1","pages":"183 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60069860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2022.2139350
C. Both, R. Dimitrakopoulos
ABSTRACT Consumption rates of reagents and consumables are typically accounted for in mine production scheduling by simple cost adjustment factors per rock type or mining block, ignoring geological uncertainty, blending, and geometallurgical information. To overcome these limitations, this article first creates empirical geometallurgical prediction models of reagents and consumables by tracking blended rock properties that are matched with observed consumption rates at the operating processing plant. The prediction models are then integrated in a simultaneous stochastic optimisation model for short-term production scheduling. Improvements over a conventional short-term production schedule are demonstrated in a case study at the Tropicana Gold mining complex.
{"title":"Utilisation of geometallurgical predictions of processing plant reagents and consumables for production scheduling under uncertainty","authors":"C. Both, R. Dimitrakopoulos","doi":"10.1080/17480930.2022.2139350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2022.2139350","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Consumption rates of reagents and consumables are typically accounted for in mine production scheduling by simple cost adjustment factors per rock type or mining block, ignoring geological uncertainty, blending, and geometallurgical information. To overcome these limitations, this article first creates empirical geometallurgical prediction models of reagents and consumables by tracking blended rock properties that are matched with observed consumption rates at the operating processing plant. The prediction models are then integrated in a simultaneous stochastic optimisation model for short-term production scheduling. Improvements over a conventional short-term production schedule are demonstrated in a case study at the Tropicana Gold mining complex.","PeriodicalId":49180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment","volume":"37 1","pages":"21 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45865972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2022.2144020
K. Babi, M. Guittonny, B. Bussière, G. Larocque
ABSTRACT On mine waste rock slopes, trees with inadequate root development could be prone to uprooting. The anchorage of trees is mainly determined by the architecture of the root systems that drive their mechanical interactions with the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil quality and of different planting materials on the architecture and resistance to shear stress of root systems of hybrid poplars four years after they were initially planted. The study was conducted in an open-pit-gold mine. A hybrid poplar plantation was established in 2013 on 33% soil-covered waste rock slopes, using a randomised complete block design, that is, 3 replicated blocks × 3 planting materials × 2 soil qualities. The stability of the hybrid poplars (resistance to uprooting) was evaluated using lateral traction tests. Complete excavations were performed to characterise their coarse root (>4 mm) architecture. Results showed no significant differences between treatments in terms of the maximum resistance force to uprooting, which varied between 7142 and 8989 N. After four growing seasons, no significant effects due to soil quality or planting material were observed in the number of lateral roots, mean root diameter, root biomass, aboveground biomass, and shoot/root ratio.
{"title":"Effect of soil quality and planting material on the root architecture and the root anchorage of young hybrid poplar plantations on waste rock slopes","authors":"K. Babi, M. Guittonny, B. Bussière, G. Larocque","doi":"10.1080/17480930.2022.2144020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17480930.2022.2144020","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT On mine waste rock slopes, trees with inadequate root development could be prone to uprooting. The anchorage of trees is mainly determined by the architecture of the root systems that drive their mechanical interactions with the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil quality and of different planting materials on the architecture and resistance to shear stress of root systems of hybrid poplars four years after they were initially planted. The study was conducted in an open-pit-gold mine. A hybrid poplar plantation was established in 2013 on 33% soil-covered waste rock slopes, using a randomised complete block design, that is, 3 replicated blocks × 3 planting materials × 2 soil qualities. The stability of the hybrid poplars (resistance to uprooting) was evaluated using lateral traction tests. Complete excavations were performed to characterise their coarse root (>4 mm) architecture. Results showed no significant differences between treatments in terms of the maximum resistance force to uprooting, which varied between 7142 and 8989 N. After four growing seasons, no significant effects due to soil quality or planting material were observed in the number of lateral roots, mean root diameter, root biomass, aboveground biomass, and shoot/root ratio.","PeriodicalId":49180,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment","volume":"37 1","pages":"1 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41938094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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