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Exploring the capabilities of portable device photogrammetry for 3D surface roughness evaluation 探索便携式设备摄影测量用于三维表面粗糙度评估的能力
IF 2.4 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2235845
Kunze Li, H. L. Ramandi, Chengguo Zhang, Sarp Saydam, Joung-Bae Oh, S. Saydam
ABSTRACT The feasibility of using a portable photogrammetric device to digitalise rock surface roughness is investigated. Structured light 3D scanner, terrestrial LiDAR scanner, and portable photogrammetry device are used to scan precast different roughness lab-scale specimens. The reconstructed 3D surface is evaluated for accuracy using point cloud distance, joint roughness coefficient, and 3D roughness parameters. Results show that the portable device can reconstruct a 3D model comparable in accuracy to a structured light 3D scanner in 15 minutes. The proposed method is applied to laboratory-scale model reconstruction, with the potential to scan rock surfaces efficiently and economically in a mine.
摘要:研究了利用便携式摄影测量设备对岩石表面粗糙度进行数字化处理的可行性。采用结构光三维扫描仪、地面激光雷达扫描仪和便携式摄影测量装置对不同粗糙度的预制试样进行扫描。利用点云距离、接缝粗糙度系数和三维粗糙度参数对重建的三维表面进行精度评价。结果表明,便携式设备可以在15分钟内重建一个精度与结构光3D扫描仪相当的3D模型。该方法已应用于实验室规模的模型重建,具有高效、经济地扫描矿山岩石表面的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Goaf instability in an open pit iron mine triggered by dynamics disturbance: a large-scale similar simulation 动力学扰动引发露天铁矿采空区失稳的大规模相似模拟
IF 2.4 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2233866
Baoxu Yan, Hanwen Jia, Zhen-sheng Yang, E. Yilmaz, Hong-lei Liu
ABSTRACT The stability of concealed goafs in open-pit mines under the influence of blasting disturbances is directly related to successful mining production. Based on large-scale similar simulations, this study steadily analyses the evolution of full-stress/strain and acoustic emission response information relevant to the instability and failure of the concealed goaf under multiple blasting disturbances in an open-pit iron mine. The results show that after three blasting disturbances, a tension-shear dislocation area is formed at the side corner of the goaf. The goaf roof’s vertical displacement exhibits a ‘two-stage increase’ before roof caving. In contrast, the axial stress on the side wall undergoes ‘two-stage pressure relief’ before roof caving. The stress pattern of ‘stretch-unload-compression-shear’ is observed near the free surface of the side angle before roof caving, while ‘two-stage pressurisation’ is observed at the far end of the free surface. This paper delivers a new way of exploring goaf stability under blasting disturbances.
露天矿隐蔽采空区在爆破扰动影响下的稳定性直接关系到矿山生产的成败。基于大规模相似模拟,本研究稳步分析了露天铁矿在多次爆破扰动下与隐蔽采空区失稳和失效相关的全应力/应变和声发射响应信息的演变。结果表明,经过三次爆破扰动后,采空区边角形成拉剪错动区。采空区顶板的垂直位移在冒顶前呈现“两阶段增加”。相反,侧壁上的轴向应力在冒顶前经历“两阶段压力释放”。在冒顶前,在斜角的自由表面附近观察到“拉伸-卸载-压缩-剪切”的应力模式,而在自由表面的远端观察到“两阶段加压”。本文提出了一种探索爆破扰动下采空区稳定性的新方法。
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引用次数: 9
Investigation of optimal surface paste disposal design based on crack intensity 基于裂纹强度的表面膏体处理优化设计研究
IF 2.4 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2232987
A. Bascetin, S. Tuylu, D. Adiguzel
ABSTRACT There are many factors affecting the mechanical and geochemical stability of the surface paste disposal (SPD) method. The most important of these are the cracks occurring during the storage of tailings. The relationship between the volumetric water content (VWC), matrix absorption (MS), and oxygen (O2) values of the paste material are important in the formation of cracks. In this study, surface crack formations of the paste material stored at the laboratory in accordance with 3 different storage methods (cemented and uncemented) were observed during the pour and after the deposition, and crack intensity factor (CIF) was measured. The relationship between CIF with VWC, MS, and O2 parameters was examined. As a result, the CIF value decreases approximately by %75 with cement addition in the lowest and highest layers in the SPD method. In a case receiving the most rain, the crack intensity value of the highest layer was determined to be 3,9% in the Design 3 where cement was used in the lowest and highest layers. In addition, VWC, MS, and O2 levels were 35%, −29 kPa, and 17.5%, respectively, making the paste material more efficient in terms of mechanical and geochemical stability.
影响表面膏体处置(SPD)方法力学稳定性和地球化学稳定性的因素很多。其中最重要的是尾矿贮存过程中出现的裂缝。膏体材料的体积含水量(VWC)、基质吸收量(MS)和氧(O2)值之间的关系对裂缝的形成至关重要。本研究采用3种不同的储存方式(胶结和非胶结),对实验室储存的膏体材料在浇注过程和沉积后的表面裂纹形成情况进行了观察,并测量了裂纹强度因子(CIF)。考察了CIF与VWC、MS、O2参数的关系。结果表明,在SPD方法中,最低层和最高层加入水泥后,CIF值降低约%75。在降雨最多的情况下,在设计3中,在最低层和最高层使用水泥的情况下,确定最高层的裂缝强度值为3.9%。此外,VWC、MS和O2水平分别为35%、- 29 kPa和17.5%,使得膏体材料在力学和地球化学稳定性方面更加高效。
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引用次数: 0
Machine learning models for occurrence form prediction of heavy metals in tailings 尾矿中重金属赋存形态预测的机器学习模型
IF 2.4 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2229689
Jiashuai Zheng, Mengting Wu, ZaherMundher Yaseen, Chongchong Qi
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引用次数: 1
Preliminary assessment of potential pollution risks in soils: case study of the Córrego do Feijão Mine dam failure (Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil) 土壤潜在污染风险的初步评估——以Córrego do feij<e:1>矿溃坝(巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州布鲁马迪尼奥)为例
IF 2.4 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2226474
A. C. Buch, D. B. Sims, M. Correia, E. D. Marques, E. Silva-Filho
ABSTRACT The magnitude of the impacts caused by tailing dam failures represents, in a very short space of time, the potential risks of metals on the environment along time. In riparian soils affected by the failure of Córrego do Feijão Mine dam (Brazil), potential pollution risks were estimated using geochemical indices.   Based on background and baseline values, strong anthropogenic interferences in the soil metal enrichment has been evidenced after collapse. Abnormal levels of Cd (1.01 mg kg−1), Cr (80 mg kg−1), As (28 mg kg−1), Cu (90 mg kg−1), Pb (80 mg kg−1), and Ni (35 mg kg−1) in soils were associated to the highest risks. Overall, the potential ecological risk (>600) and pollution load (>5) indices indicated Brumadinho, Mário Campos, Betim and São Joaquim de Bicas as the areas most affected by the tailings spill. For the most areas, the geological accumulation index calculated from baseline values showed high commitments in soil quality, with pollution degree from moderately to strongly polluted (from 3 to 5, for Hg and Ni) and extremely polluted (>5, for Cd and Pb). In order to maintain the functional ecosystem integrity, restorative and reparative actions must be urgently carried out in these areas
尾矿库溃坝影响的大小,反映了金属在很短时间内对环境的潜在风险。利用地球化学指标对巴西Córrego do feij矿坝溃坝影响的河岸土进行了潜在污染风险评价。基于背景值和基线值,塌陷后土壤金属富集受到强烈的人为干扰。土壤中Cd (1.01 mg kg - 1)、Cr (80 mg kg - 1)、As (28 mg kg - 1)、Cu (90 mg kg - 1)、Pb (80 mg kg - 1)和Ni (35 mg kg - 1)的异常水平与最高风险相关。总体而言,潜在生态风险指数(bbb600)和污染负荷指数(bbb5)表明Brumadinho、Mário Campos、Betim和 o Joaquim de Bicas是受尾矿泄漏影响最大的地区。在大多数地区,根据基线值计算的地质堆积指数显示出土壤质量的高承诺,污染程度从中度到重度污染(Hg和Ni从3到5)到重度污染(Cd和Pb从bbb50)。为了保持生态系统功能的完整,必须在这些地区紧急采取恢复和修复行动
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引用次数: 0
Durability of CO2-fly ash-based backfill materials in cation water deterioration CO2粉煤灰基回填材料在阳离子水劣化中的耐久性
IF 2.4 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2216498
Ich D. Ngo, Liqiang Ma, Jiangtao Zhai, Yangyang Wang, Tianxiang Wei
ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate the weakening of CO2-fly ash-based backfill (CFBF) material in cation water. Weakening is determined in an order of Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ by slake durability and mechanical properties analysis. Na+ damages the microstructure of CFBF through the ion exchange phenomenon, causing the ejection of tetrahedral calcium. In Ca2+ and Mg2+ water, N-M-A-S-H gel is precipitated and filled in openings via a two electrical-layer mechanism, which mitigates the materials from further deterioration. On this basis, the suitable cation type and concentration range are proposed as criteria to implement CFBF in mine-water affected backfill coal mining.
摘要本研究旨在研究CO2粉煤灰基回填材料在阳离子水中的弱化作用。通过熟化耐久性和力学性能分析,确定了弱化的顺序为Na+>Ca2+>Mg2+。Na+通过离子交换现象破坏CFBF的微观结构,导致四面体钙的喷射。在Ca2+和Mg2+水中,N-M-A-S-H凝胶沉淀并通过双电层机制填充在开口中,这减轻了材料的进一步劣化。在此基础上,提出了适宜的阳离子类型和浓度范围,作为在矿井水害充填采煤中实施CFBF的标准。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the Leeb hardness test in rapid characterisation of rock cores with particular emphasis on the effect of length to diameter ratio 里氏硬度试验在岩心快速表征中的研究,特别强调长径比的影响
IF 2.4 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2213549
S. B. Çelik, İ. Çobanoğlu, T. Koralay, K. Gireson
ABSTRACT The Leeb hardness is a practical, economical and non-destructive test method in rock characterisation in engineering. Hardness measurements on core samples with lower values of length-to-diameter (L/D) ratios cause unstable measurements, and as a result, erroneous evaluations can be made. To overcome this limitation, this study aimed to reveal the effect of different L/D ratios both in axial and diametral measurement directions. Eleven types of rock samples were prepared and tested. Mineralogical and petrographic examinations were performed and evaluated together with the hardness values. Equations have been proposed to estimate correct hardness and uniaxial compressive strength values for all rock types.
里氏硬度是工程中岩石表征中一种实用、经济、无损的测试方法。当岩心样品的长径比(L/D)值较低时,测量结果会不稳定,从而导致错误的评估。为了克服这一局限性,本研究旨在揭示不同的L/D比在轴向和直径测量方向上的影响。制备并测试了11种岩石样品。进行了矿物学和岩石学检查,并与硬度值一起进行了评估。提出了各种公式来估计所有岩石类型的正确硬度和单轴抗压强度值。
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引用次数: 1
Engineering properties of fine-grained red mud 细粒赤泥的工程特性
IF 2.4 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-05-17 DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2212575
Hua Tian, David J. Williams, K. Mandisodza, Chenming Zhang, Sebastian Quintero Olaya, Wenqiang Zhang, Chongyi Tang
ABSTRACT Basic engineering parameters of fine-grained red mud tailings were evaluated via laboratory tests; the coupled effect of mineralogy and microstructure was investigated by appraising the stress-deformation characteristics; and the static and seismic liquefaction susceptibilities were evaluated via critical state soil mechanics and empirical equations, respectively. Results indicated the presence of cementitious minerals without swollen clay minerals. The textural and compression properties were similar to those of clays, whereas the strength parameters were similar to those of sand. The stress-deformation curves show overall strain softening with a temporary strain-hardening curve at the beginning, which can be qualitatively explained by the coupled effect of the microstructure and mineral components. Hydroxysodalite precipitated at the contact points among the particles afforded microstructural cementation bonds, allowing the aggregates to resist external loads at the initial loading stage. Red mud presented strong resistance to static liquefaction but was potentially seismically liquefiable.
通过室内试验对细粒赤泥尾矿的基本工程参数进行了评价;通过对应力-变形特征的评价,研究了矿物学与微观结构的耦合效应;利用临界状态土力学和经验方程分别对其静力液化敏感性和地震液化敏感性进行了评估。结果表明,胶结矿物存在,粘土矿物无膨胀。其结构和压缩特性与粘土相似,强度参数与砂土相似。应力-变形曲线表现为整体应变软化,初期出现暂时的应变硬化,这可以定性地解释为微观结构和矿物组分的耦合作用。羟基钠石在颗粒之间的接触点处沉淀,提供微观结构胶结键,使聚集体在初始加载阶段抵抗外部载荷。赤泥具有较强的静态液化能力,但具有潜在的地震液化能力。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the crack propagation behaviour of eccentric uncoupled blasting in a deep-level rock mass 深层岩体偏心非耦合爆破裂纹扩展特性研究
IF 2.4 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-05-17 DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2213546
Fei Zhang, Li-yun Yang, Huanning Hu, Chen Huang, Siyu Chen
ABSTRACT To explore the dynamic crack propagation behaviour in the fracture zone and the damage characteristics of the rock mass around the blasthole during eccentric uncoupled blasting of a deep-level rock mass, theoretical analysis, model experiments and numerical simulation studies have been described in this paper. Firstly, the stress state of the crack and the stress distribution state and failure mechanism of the rock mass around the blasthole under the influence of the in-situ stress, and the pressure distribution of blast shock wave on the blasthole were analysed. Secondly, with the help of a new digital laser caustics experimental system, the eccentric uncoupled blasting model experiment under the action of the in-situ stress was carried out. The fractal damage theory is used to quantitatively evaluate the damage degree of the rock mass in different areas around the blasthole, and the blast-induced crack propagation mechanical behaviour characteristics in the fracture zone are analyzed from the perspective of dynamics. Then, based on the LS-DYNA software, a numerical simulation study was conducted on the eccentric blasting of deep rock mass. Finally, some discussions and suggestions are provided for the analysis of blasting mechanisms in a deep-level rock mass.
摘要为了探讨深层岩体偏心非耦合爆破过程中裂隙带的动态扩展行为和炮孔周围岩体的损伤特征,本文进行了理论分析、模型试验和数值模拟研究。首先,分析了地应力作用下裂隙的应力状态、炮孔周围岩体的应力分布状态和破坏机理,以及爆破冲击波对炮孔的压力分布。其次,借助一种新型的数字激光焦散实验系统,进行了地应力作用下偏心非耦合爆破模型实验。运用分形损伤理论,定量评价了炮孔周围不同区域岩体的损伤程度,并从动力学角度分析了断裂带内爆炸裂纹扩展的力学行为特征。然后,基于LS-DYNA软件,对深部岩体偏心爆破进行了数值模拟研究,为深部岩体的爆破机理分析提供了一些讨论和建议。
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引用次数: 0
Optimising the mine production scheduling accounting for stockpiling and investment decisions under geological uncertainty 地质不确定性下考虑库存和投资决策的矿山生产调度优化
IF 2.4 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1080/17480930.2023.2199378
Zeyneb Brika, M. Gamache, R. Dimitrakopoulos
ABSTRACT This paper presents an approach to optimise the long-term production scheduling of an open pit mine with multiple processing streams, while accounting for investment decisions under mineral supply uncertainty. The solution approach consists of first solving the linear relaxation using an extension of the Bienstock-Zuckerberg algorithm to the stochastic optimisation. Then, a rounding heuristic based on the topological sorting is applied, followed by a parallel multi-neighbourhood Tabu search. The proposed method is applied to a multi-product open pit mine deposit, with the possibility of investing in new shovels, trucks or crushers to increase related capacities.
摘要本文提出了一种考虑矿产供应不确定性条件下投资决策的多工序露天矿长期生产计划优化方法。求解方法首先是将Bienstock-Zuckerberg算法扩展到随机优化,求解线性松弛。然后,应用基于拓扑排序的四舍五入启发式算法,然后进行并行多邻域禁忌搜索。所提出的方法应用于多产品露天矿矿床,有可能投资新的铲子,卡车或破碎机,以增加相关能力。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment
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