Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5751/ace-02383-180110
Samuel R Kucia, Michael L. Schummer, Jackson W. Kusack, K. Hobson, Christopher A. Nicolai
,
，
{"title":"Natal origins of Mallards harvested in the Atlantic Flyway of North America: implications for conservation and management","authors":"Samuel R Kucia, Michael L. Schummer, Jackson W. Kusack, K. Hobson, Christopher A. Nicolai","doi":"10.5751/ace-02383-180110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-02383-180110","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":49233,"journal":{"name":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70963437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5751/ace-02388-180105
A. Bond, S. Wilhelm, Donald Pirie-Hay, G. Robertson, I. Pollet, J. Arany
. The effect of gull predation on sympatric seabirds has garnered much attention and management action in recent decades. In Witless Bay, Newfoundland, Canada, gulls depredate significant numbers of Leach’s Storm-petrels ( Hydrobates leucorhous ) annually. We quantified this predation on Gull Island in Witless Bay, and its effects on the storm-petrel population, by estimating the annual gull predation rate using strip transects to count storm-petrel carcasses and predicting storm-petrels’ population growth rate by repeating an island-wide breeding census. Using methods that account for island topography, we found that the Leach’s Storm-petrel breeding population on Gull Island declined to roughly 180,000 pairs in 2012 (95% CI: 130,000–230,000), a decrease of 6% per year since the last census in 2001 (352,000 pairs). Based on carcass counts, gulls, mostly American Herring Gulls ( Larus argentatus smithsonianus ), depredated 118,000–143,000 Leach’s Storm-petrels in 2012. Studies of storm-petrel recruitment, the contribution of the large non-breeding component of the population to gulls’ diets, and the consequences of gulls’ storm-petrel diet on the gulls themselves are needed to better predict the trajectory of both species into the future
{"title":"Quantifying gull predation in a declining Leach’s Storm-petrel ( Hydrobates leucorhous ) colony","authors":"A. Bond, S. Wilhelm, Donald Pirie-Hay, G. Robertson, I. Pollet, J. Arany","doi":"10.5751/ace-02388-180105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-02388-180105","url":null,"abstract":". The effect of gull predation on sympatric seabirds has garnered much attention and management action in recent decades. In Witless Bay, Newfoundland, Canada, gulls depredate significant numbers of Leach’s Storm-petrels ( Hydrobates leucorhous ) annually. We quantified this predation on Gull Island in Witless Bay, and its effects on the storm-petrel population, by estimating the annual gull predation rate using strip transects to count storm-petrel carcasses and predicting storm-petrels’ population growth rate by repeating an island-wide breeding census. Using methods that account for island topography, we found that the Leach’s Storm-petrel breeding population on Gull Island declined to roughly 180,000 pairs in 2012 (95% CI: 130,000–230,000), a decrease of 6% per year since the last census in 2001 (352,000 pairs). Based on carcass counts, gulls, mostly American Herring Gulls ( Larus argentatus smithsonianus ), depredated 118,000–143,000 Leach’s Storm-petrels in 2012. Studies of storm-petrel recruitment, the contribution of the large non-breeding component of the population to gulls’ diets, and the consequences of gulls’ storm-petrel diet on the gulls themselves are needed to better predict the trajectory of both species into the future","PeriodicalId":49233,"journal":{"name":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70963501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5751/ace-02416-180114
Tani Hinako, Masaki Shirai, Y. Mizutani, Y. Niizuma
,
，
{"title":"The growth rate of Black-tailed Gull chicks is negatively related to total mercury of female parents on Kabushima (Kabu Island), Japan","authors":"Tani Hinako, Masaki Shirai, Y. Mizutani, Y. Niizuma","doi":"10.5751/ace-02416-180114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-02416-180114","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":49233,"journal":{"name":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70963857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5751/ace-02477-180202
Allison Salas, Fitsum Abadi, M. Desmond
,
{"title":"Post-fledging survival, movement patterns, and habitat associations of Bendire's Thrashers ( Toxostoma bendirei ) in the Chihuahuan Desert","authors":"Allison Salas, Fitsum Abadi, M. Desmond","doi":"10.5751/ace-02477-180202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-02477-180202","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":49233,"journal":{"name":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70964241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5751/ace-02464-180121
Lincoln R Oliver, R. Bailey, Kyle R Aldinger, P. Wood, Christopher M Lituma
. The Blue-winged Warbler ( Vermivora cyanoptera ) is a songbird that breeds in eastern deciduous forests of North America. The species is declining, partially due to declines in forest disturbances. According to the umbrella species concept, management actions implemented to benefit other critically declining disturbance-dependent species like the Cerulean ( Setophaga cerulea ) and Golden-winged ( Vermivora chrysoptera ) warblers should positively affect Blue-winged Warbler site occupancy and species richness of shrubland and grassland birds. Similarly, determining if the umbrella concept is supported by relating species richness of disturbance-dependent avian guilds would support continued funding for species-specific conservation and management. Our goal was to evaluate if Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) projects in West Virginia implemented for Cerulean and Golden-winged warblers also positively affected Blue-winged Warbler site occupancy and the disturbance-dependent avian community. We hypothesized that Blue-winged Warbler single-season occupancy and species richness for shrubland and grassland bird species would be greater on treated sites than on untreated sites. We also included other vegetation variables (i.e., percent cover of grasses, forbs, etc.) and spatial variables (i.e., elevation (m), ecoregion, etc.) that could affect Blue-winged Warbler site occupancy. We conducted point count surveys at 341 total locations distributed among 20 private properties managed for Golden-winged Warblers (n = 147); 19 private properties managed for Cerulean Warblers (n = 197); and two properties managed for both species during 2019–2020. Treatments included a variety of management practices (i.e., brush management) following specific guidelines to improve Cerulean and Golden-winged warbler habitat. We identified and defined untreated sites as either pre-treatment sites with planned management that had not yet occurred, or as reference sites, which were outside of treatment areas and representative of pre-treatment vegetation structure conditions. Contrary to our hypotheses, treated points had lower Blue-winged Warbler site occupancy than untreated points by 34–44% depending on ecoregion (Central Appalachians, Ridge and Valley, Western Allegheny Plateau), and shrubland and grassland avian guild richness were not different at untreated and treated locations. Thus, NRCS conservation project implementation for Cerulean and Golden-winged warblers did not meaningfully affect Blue-winged Warbler site occupancy or associated shrubland and grassland bird avian richness. We detected Blue-winged Warblers across the range of elevations surveyed (244–917 m), suggesting that their breeding distribution is continuing to expand into higher elevations in the Central Appalachians. Additionally, Blue-winged Warbler site occupancy was positively correlated with shrubland conditions within 100 m of survey points and decreased with increasing basal area with
{"title":"Evaluating the effects of Natural Resources Conservation Service project implementation on the disturbance-dependent avian community with implications for Blue-winged Warblers","authors":"Lincoln R Oliver, R. Bailey, Kyle R Aldinger, P. Wood, Christopher M Lituma","doi":"10.5751/ace-02464-180121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-02464-180121","url":null,"abstract":". The Blue-winged Warbler ( Vermivora cyanoptera ) is a songbird that breeds in eastern deciduous forests of North America. The species is declining, partially due to declines in forest disturbances. According to the umbrella species concept, management actions implemented to benefit other critically declining disturbance-dependent species like the Cerulean ( Setophaga cerulea ) and Golden-winged ( Vermivora chrysoptera ) warblers should positively affect Blue-winged Warbler site occupancy and species richness of shrubland and grassland birds. Similarly, determining if the umbrella concept is supported by relating species richness of disturbance-dependent avian guilds would support continued funding for species-specific conservation and management. Our goal was to evaluate if Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) projects in West Virginia implemented for Cerulean and Golden-winged warblers also positively affected Blue-winged Warbler site occupancy and the disturbance-dependent avian community. We hypothesized that Blue-winged Warbler single-season occupancy and species richness for shrubland and grassland bird species would be greater on treated sites than on untreated sites. We also included other vegetation variables (i.e., percent cover of grasses, forbs, etc.) and spatial variables (i.e., elevation (m), ecoregion, etc.) that could affect Blue-winged Warbler site occupancy. We conducted point count surveys at 341 total locations distributed among 20 private properties managed for Golden-winged Warblers (n = 147); 19 private properties managed for Cerulean Warblers (n = 197); and two properties managed for both species during 2019–2020. Treatments included a variety of management practices (i.e., brush management) following specific guidelines to improve Cerulean and Golden-winged warbler habitat. We identified and defined untreated sites as either pre-treatment sites with planned management that had not yet occurred, or as reference sites, which were outside of treatment areas and representative of pre-treatment vegetation structure conditions. Contrary to our hypotheses, treated points had lower Blue-winged Warbler site occupancy than untreated points by 34–44% depending on ecoregion (Central Appalachians, Ridge and Valley, Western Allegheny Plateau), and shrubland and grassland avian guild richness were not different at untreated and treated locations. Thus, NRCS conservation project implementation for Cerulean and Golden-winged warblers did not meaningfully affect Blue-winged Warbler site occupancy or associated shrubland and grassland bird avian richness. We detected Blue-winged Warblers across the range of elevations surveyed (244–917 m), suggesting that their breeding distribution is continuing to expand into higher elevations in the Central Appalachians. Additionally, Blue-winged Warbler site occupancy was positively correlated with shrubland conditions within 100 m of survey points and decreased with increasing basal area with","PeriodicalId":49233,"journal":{"name":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70963665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5751/ace-02438-180126
Chelsea Enslow, R. Vallender, N. Koper
. The extent of early successional vegetation communities is declining worldwide. Sometimes species use early successional vegetation communities associated with anthropogenic development (e.g., rangeland, cropland, transportation corridors, aggregate mines), given that, at face value, these ecosystem types can share many of the same characteristics (e.g., lack of mature trees). This may have a negative impact on species’ health by lowering access to resources or by increasing exposure or susceptibility to vectors carrying disease agents leading to infections. We investigated whether proximity to anthropogenic development had a negative impact on several health metrics of a threatened, early successional species, the Golden-winged Warbler ( Vermivora chrysoptera ). Golden-winged Warblers with more rangeland/grassland within 200 m of their capture location were more likely to be infected with Haemoproteus parasites, whereas those with greater marsh cover within 200 m of their capture location were more likely to be infected with Leucocytozoon parasites, and those near rivers had higher body-fat scores. As infection prevalence and body-fat scores may have an impact on avian fitness, the variable response of these land-cover types indicates an additional conservation concern for this threatened species.
{"title":"Golden-winged Warbler body fat and blood parasites are associated with anthropogenic and environmental habitat metrics","authors":"Chelsea Enslow, R. Vallender, N. Koper","doi":"10.5751/ace-02438-180126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-02438-180126","url":null,"abstract":". The extent of early successional vegetation communities is declining worldwide. Sometimes species use early successional vegetation communities associated with anthropogenic development (e.g., rangeland, cropland, transportation corridors, aggregate mines), given that, at face value, these ecosystem types can share many of the same characteristics (e.g., lack of mature trees). This may have a negative impact on species’ health by lowering access to resources or by increasing exposure or susceptibility to vectors carrying disease agents leading to infections. We investigated whether proximity to anthropogenic development had a negative impact on several health metrics of a threatened, early successional species, the Golden-winged Warbler ( Vermivora chrysoptera ). Golden-winged Warblers with more rangeland/grassland within 200 m of their capture location were more likely to be infected with Haemoproteus parasites, whereas those with greater marsh cover within 200 m of their capture location were more likely to be infected with Leucocytozoon parasites, and those near rivers had higher body-fat scores. As infection prevalence and body-fat scores may have an impact on avian fitness, the variable response of these land-cover types indicates an additional conservation concern for this threatened species.","PeriodicalId":49233,"journal":{"name":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70963992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5751/ace-02528-180214
Karen Wiebe, Mark Bidwell, Rebecca McCabe
Understanding the threats faced by a bird species requires a knowledge of their movements throughout the annual cycle and, for migratory species, the degree of connectivity between breeding and wintering sites. We studied the philopatry of Snowy Owls (Bubo scandiacus) tagged in central North America to their wintering sites on the Canadian prairies. The tracking of 16 owls over a period spanning six winters revealed consistent and predictable north-south migration trajectories, in contrast to populations farther to the west and east. Individuals were strongly philopatric to the central prairie region, but at a finer spatial scale, winter home ranges did not always overlap between successive years. Both sexes showed periods of nomadic searching for prey over a similar spatial scale, but males tended to settle closer to previous home ranges on average (88 km) than females (149 km). We hypothesize that the socially dominant females are better able to monopolize the spatially unpredictable hotspots of small mammal prey whereas males rely more on familiarity with a previous home range when settling. The population of Snowy Owls in central North America thus shows greater connectivity to wintering sites than do Snowy Owls documented elsewhere, probably related to the relatively high abundance and predictability of small mammal prey on the prairies. Maintaining prairie habitat on a large spatial scale that supports small rodents will be crucial to maintaining populations of Snowy Owls in the central part of the continent.
{"title":"Snowy Owls in central North America have regular migration and high philopatry to wintering sites though not always to home ranges","authors":"Karen Wiebe, Mark Bidwell, Rebecca McCabe","doi":"10.5751/ace-02528-180214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-02528-180214","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the threats faced by a bird species requires a knowledge of their movements throughout the annual cycle and, for migratory species, the degree of connectivity between breeding and wintering sites. We studied the philopatry of Snowy Owls (<em>Bubo scandiacus</em>) tagged in central North America to their wintering sites on the Canadian prairies. The tracking of 16 owls over a period spanning six winters revealed consistent and predictable north-south migration trajectories, in contrast to populations farther to the west and east. Individuals were strongly philopatric to the central prairie region, but at a finer spatial scale, winter home ranges did not always overlap between successive years. Both sexes showed periods of nomadic searching for prey over a similar spatial scale, but males tended to settle closer to previous home ranges on average (88 km) than females (149 km). We hypothesize that the socially dominant females are better able to monopolize the spatially unpredictable hotspots of small mammal prey whereas males rely more on familiarity with a previous home range when settling. The population of Snowy Owls in central North America thus shows greater connectivity to wintering sites than do Snowy Owls documented elsewhere, probably related to the relatively high abundance and predictability of small mammal prey on the prairies. Maintaining prairie habitat on a large spatial scale that supports small rodents will be crucial to maintaining populations of Snowy Owls in the central part of the continent.","PeriodicalId":49233,"journal":{"name":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135710178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5751/ace-02510-180208
Sarah Gutowsky, Gregory Robertson, Mark Mallory, Nic McLellan, Scott Gilliland
,
{"title":"Redistribution of wintering American Common Eiders ( Somateria mollisima dresseri )","authors":"Sarah Gutowsky, Gregory Robertson, Mark Mallory, Nic McLellan, Scott Gilliland","doi":"10.5751/ace-02510-180208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-02510-180208","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":49233,"journal":{"name":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135701021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5751/ace-02472-180205
Jenna McDermott, Darroch Whitaker, Ian C. Warkentin
,
{"title":"Spatial segregation between Gray-cheeked Thrush and an introduced nest predator in a managed forest landscape","authors":"Jenna McDermott, Darroch Whitaker, Ian C. Warkentin","doi":"10.5751/ace-02472-180205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-02472-180205","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":49233,"journal":{"name":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70964162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5751/ace-02445-180122
Erica A. Geldart, O. Love, H. Gilchrist, Andrew F. Barnas, Christopher Harris, C. Semeniuk
,
，
{"title":"Heightened heart rate but similar flight responses to evolved versus recent predators in an Arctic seabird","authors":"Erica A. Geldart, O. Love, H. Gilchrist, Andrew F. Barnas, Christopher Harris, C. Semeniuk","doi":"10.5751/ace-02445-180122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-02445-180122","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":49233,"journal":{"name":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","volume":"12 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70963746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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