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Accounting for misclassification of subspecies provides insights about habitat use and dynamics of the Florida Grasshopper Sparrow in response to fire 考虑到亚种的错误分类,可以深入了解佛罗里达蚱蜢麻雀对火灾的栖息地利用和动态反应
4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/ace-02516-180211
Archer Larned, Brian Rolek, Keota Silaphone, Shane Pruett, Reed Bowman, Bernard Lohr
,
监测种群数量对于了解栖息地的利用是至关重要的,特别是对于濒危物种,对于确定土地管理战略的有效性也很重要。佛罗里达蚱蜢麻雀(Ammodramus savannarum floridanus)是一种极度濒危的非迁徙草原鸟类,自20世纪90年代以来一直受到监测。它主要居住在干燥的草原栖息地,由频繁(2-3年)规定的火灾管理。监测因迁徙和越冬的东部蚱蜢麻雀(A. s. pratensis)的存在而混乱,它们具有声音和形态上的相似性。这些相似之处可能导致对土地管理的错误分类和错误结论。我们的目标是确定火灾对佛罗里达蚱蜢麻雀栖息地使用的影响,在两个空间尺度上,100米和400米缓冲区周围的点计数位置,同时控制东部蚱蜢麻雀的存在。我们将点数数据(1996-2011)、外部数据源(eBird)和贝叶斯动态占用模型(考虑错误分类)结合起来,评估了对规定火灾的栖息地利用和动态响应。错误分类佛罗里达蚱蜢麻雀的概率在4月份达到顶峰,然后在5月1日之后下降到接近零。点计数站持续存在的概率随着火灾年数(400 m缓冲区内最大像素)的增加而降低,并且在最近的烧伤(< 1年)中最大。最近一次烧伤的季节性(即100米缓冲区内像素点的烧伤顺序日期)也影响了持续的概率,佛罗里达蚱蜢麻雀在1月和7月发生烧伤时的持续时间高于平均水平,在4月初达到峰值。在火灾发生大约两个月后,殖民的可能性达到顶峰,然后迅速下降到可以忽略不计的值。这是第一项长期研究,旨在检查处方烧伤对佛罗里达蚱蜢麻雀占用的影响,这说明了东部蚱蜢麻雀的存在。这种建模框架也可以为在调查中难以区分的其他物种和亚种提供实用工具。
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引用次数: 0
Estimation of the reference lead (Pb) concentration levels affecting immune cells in the blood of Black-headed Gulls (Chroicocephalus ridibundus, Laridae) 影响黑头鸥(Laridae, Chroicocephalus ridibundus)血液中免疫细胞的参考铅浓度的估算
IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2022-11-26 DOI: 10.5751/ace-02336-170240
Nana Ushine, Osamu Kurata, Yoshikazu Tanaka, Shouta Nakayama, Mayumi Ishizuka, Takuya Kato, Shin-Ichi Hayama
The biological effects of lead (Pb) contamination have been reported in various species. There are no restrictions on the use of Pb products, including bullets, in the areas south of Hokkaido, Japan. Local governments have announced the presence of Pb in the soil sediments of water bodies. Previous studies have confirmed the relationship between blood Pb level (BLL) and immune cells. This study was performed with the aim of clarifying the effect of Pb contamination on immune cells. In total, 170 Black-headed Gulls (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) were captured, including a population in Tokyo Bay between November 2018 and April 2021 and a population in Mikawa Bay between January 2019 and April 2021. Linear regression analysis was performed with the white blood cell count (WBC), proportion of heterophils (Het), proportion of lymphocytes (Lym), ratio of heterophils and lymphocytes (H/L ratio), copy number of CD4 messenger RNA, and copy number of CD8α messenger RNA as the objective variables, and the BLL as the explanatory variable. The group with BLL < 1.0 µg/dL had a significantly lower Het and higher Lym than that with BLL > 3.5 µg/dL (P < 0.05). In addition, the group with BLL < 1.0 µg/dL had a significantly lower H/L ratio than that with BLL > 3.5 µg/dL. CD8α and WBC were higher in the group with BLL ranging from 1.0 to 3.5 µg/dL than in the group with BLL < 1.0 µg/dL. This study suggests that the effect of Pb pollution on the immune cells of Black-headed Gulls is lower than some previous criteria values. It is possible that gulls affected by Pb contamination suffer indirect negative effects on immune function, possibly making them more susceptible to infectious diseases. Pb is a major environmental pollutant, against which measures must be taken.
铅(Pb)污染的生物学效应已在不同物种中得到报道。在日本北海道以南地区,铅产品(包括子弹)的使用没有限制。地方政府公布了水体土壤沉积物中存在铅的情况。以往的研究已经证实血铅水平(BLL)与免疫细胞之间的关系。本研究旨在阐明铅污染对免疫细胞的影响。总共捕获了170只黑头鸥,其中包括2018年11月至2021年4月在东京湾的一个种群,以及2019年1月至2021年4月在三川湾的一个种群。以白细胞计数(WBC)、嗜异性粒细胞比例(Het)、淋巴细胞比例(Lym)、嗜异性粒细胞与淋巴细胞之比(H/L)、CD4信使RNA拷贝数、CD8α信使RNA拷贝数为客观变量,以BLL为解释变量进行线性回归分析。BLL < 1.0µg/dL组Het显著低于BLL > 3.5µg/dL组,Lym显著高于BLL > 3.5µg/dL组(P < 0.05)。此外,BLL < 1.0µg/dL组的H/L比显著低于BLL > 3.5µg/dL组。BLL在1.0 ~ 3.5µg/dL组CD8α和WBC高于BLL < 1.0µg/dL组。本研究提示,铅污染对黑头鸥免疫细胞的影响低于以往一些标准值。受铅污染的海鸥可能对免疫功能产生间接的负面影响,可能使其更容易感染传染病。铅是一种主要的环境污染物,必须采取防治措施。
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引用次数: 0
The invasive parasitic fly Philornis downsi is threatening Little Vermilion Flycatchers on the Galápagos Islands 入侵的寄生蝇Philornis downsi正在威胁Galápagos群岛上的小朱红捕蝇鸟
IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/ace-02040-170106
Denis A. Mosquera, B. Fessl, David J Anchundia, Eileen Heyer, Célina Leuba, E. Nemeth, Maria Lorena Rojas, C. Sevilla, S. Tebbich
Populations of several species of birds endemic to the Galápagos Islands have declined during recent decades, including endemic Little Vermilion Flycatchers (Pyrocephalus nanus). Understanding the reasons for the low breeding success of this species is a prerequisite for developing efficient conservation strategies. Studies of sympatric Darwin’s finches suggest two potential reasons: parasitism by the invasive parasitic fly Philornis downsi and extreme climatic events. We investigated the role of each in the breeding success of Little Vermilion Flycatchers during three breeding seasons in the agricultural zone of Isabela Island. We found that Little Vermilion Flycatchers were severely affected by P. downsi, depending on the time of breeding. Nest success was high early in the breeding season (60% were successful) when rates of P. downsi prevalence and intensity were low, but nest success was zero and all nests were infested later in the breeding season. Philornis downsi prevalence and intensity increased with increasing temperature. Both low and high levels of rainfall had a negative effect on nest survival. A parasite removal experiment using insecticide confirmed the detrimental effect of the invasive parasite; nests infested with P. downsi had significantly lower nest success than treated nests. Injection of insecticide into nest bases can be an efficient short-term way to increase the nesting success of Little Vermilion Flycatchers, but finding long-term measures to control the P. downsi population is of utmost importance. La mouche vampire aviaire Philornis downsi menace la moucherolle des Galápagos RÉSUMÉ. Les populations de plusieurs espèces d'oiseaux endémiques des îles Galápagos ont décliné depuis quelques décennies, y compris celle des moucherolles des Galápagos (Pyrocephalus nanus). Il est essentiel de comprendre les raisons du faible taux de reproduction de cette espèce pour développer des stratégies de conservation efficaces. Des études menées sur les pinsons de Darwin sympatriques suggèrent deux raisons possibles : le parasitisme lié à la mouche vampire aviaire Philornis downsi et les événements climatiques extrêmes. Nous avons enquêté sur le rôle de chaque succès de reproduction des moucherolles des Galápagos au cours de trois saisons de reproduction dans la zone agricole de l'île d'Isabela. Nous avons constaté que les moucherolles des Galápagos étaient très affectées par la P. downsi, selon le moment de la période de reproduction. Le succès des nids était élevé au début de la saison de reproduction (60 % d'entre eux réussissaient) lorsque la prévalence et l'intensité des taux de P. downsi étaient faibles, alors que le succès des nids était nul et que tous les nids étaient infestés plus tard au cours de la saison de reproduction. La prévalence et l'intensité des populations de Philornis downsi augmentait avec la hausse des températures. Les niveaux de pluviosité faibles ou élevés entraînaient des effets négatifs sur la survie des n
近几十年来,Galápagos群岛特有的几种鸟类种群数量有所下降,其中包括特有的小朱红捕蝇鸟(Pyrocephalus nanus)。了解该物种繁殖成功率低的原因是制定有效保护策略的先决条件。对同域达尔文雀的研究提出了两个潜在的原因:寄生于入侵的寄生蝇Philornis downsi和极端气候事件。在伊莎贝拉岛农业区的三个繁殖季节,我们调查了它们在小朱红捕蝇器繁殖成功中的作用。我们发现,小朱红鹟受唐氏假单胞菌的影响严重,这取决于其繁殖的时间。在繁殖季节早期,巢成功率较高(成功率60%),此时downsi流行率和强度较低,但在繁殖季节后期,巢成功率为零,所有巢都被侵染。随着温度的升高,雪蚤的患病率和强度呈上升趋势。低水平和高水平的降雨对鸟巢的存活都有负面影响。用杀虫剂去除寄生虫的实验证实了入侵寄生虫的有害作用;唐氏弧菌侵染的巢巢成功率显著低于处理过的巢巢。在巢基内注射杀虫剂可以短期有效地提高小朱红捕蝇的筑巢成功率,但找到控制小朱红捕蝇种群的长期措施是至关重要的。La mouche vampire aviaire Philornis downsi menace La moucherolle des Galápagos RÉSUMÉ。Les人口de几个易翔d 'oiseaux endemiques des iles加拉帕戈斯群岛位于安大略省下降从几decennies, y理解celle des moucherolles des加拉帕戈斯群岛(Pyrocephalus南)。从本质上讲,我们必须理解在繁殖、环境保护、环境保护、环境保护、环境保护和环境保护方面可行的理由。在达尔文的同系点上,有两个可能的原因:寄生者的生活方式,像吸血鬼一样的生活方式,或者像人类一样的生活方式,或者像人类一样的生活方式。我们的雅丰公司enquêté和我们的rôle都是成功的复制公司,我们都是成功的复制公司,我们都是成功的复制公司,我们都是成功的复制公司,我们都是成功的。目前的情况是, 成年男子与成年男子与成年男子与成年男子与成年男子与成年男子与成年男子与成年男子与成年男子与成年男子之间的关系。在这两个例子中,有两个例子,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的,一个是成功的。La prassenvalence和l' intensiteise des population de Philornis的扩展版本为La hausse des tempassreatures。在过去的几个月里,所有的时间里,所有的时间里,所有的时间里,所有的时间里,所有的时间里,所有的时间里,所有的时间里,所有的时间里。有一项试验证实,在使用杀虫剂的情况下,通过“清除寄生虫”的方法,可以减少“清除寄生虫”的效果;在其他情况下,如在其他情况下,如在其他情况下,如在其他情况下,如在其他情况下,如在其他情况下,如在其他情况下,如在其他情况下,如在其他情况下,如在其他情况下,如在其他情况下。L'injection d'insecticide dles les bases de ides ides ides ides ides ides ides ides ides ides ides Galápagos,主要是不可缺少的de trouver des措施,长期的de de p.d downsi的人口。
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引用次数: 1
Female migration phenology and climate conditions explain juvenile Red Knot (Calidris canutus rufa) counts during fall migration 雌性迁徙物候和气候条件解释了红结(Calidris canutus rufa)幼鱼在秋季迁徙中的数量
IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/ace-02021-170109
L. Mckinnon, Lucie E. Schmaltz, Y. Aubry, Yann Rochepault, Christophe Buidin, C. Juillet
The management of avian populations at risk requires accurate estimates of vital rates across age and sex classes to effectively identify the most vulnerable demographic and support conservation actions. In the endangered Red Knot (Calidris canutus rufa), there are relatively few reliable estimates of reproductive success because they breed in such low densities across such a large and relatively inaccessible area in Arctic Canada. The purpose of this study is to test whether a migratory time lag between adult male and female knots during post-breeding southbound migration could be a reliable index of reproductive success for this species. If so, we expected to find a positive relationship between a time lag in male migration and the number or proportion of juveniles present at the same fall migration site. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed 13 years of capture-mark-recapture and census data from an important staging area during southbound migration. We found a strong and consistent age and sex-specific chronology; median passage dates for females were approximately 2 weeks earlier than males, with juveniles following 1 month later than adults of both sexes. For most years, there was a significant time lag of up to 27 days between females and males. However, we found no evidence to support that this time lag explained variation in the number of juveniles at the stopover site each year. Instead, we found that the timing of female migration along with an index of environmental conditions on the breeding grounds and during migration best described the proportion of juveniles present during migration. Overall, our results cast doubt on the reliability of the male migratory time lag as an indicator of breeding success. La phénologie de migration des femelles et les conditions climatiques expliquent le nombre de bécasseaux maubèche (Calidris canutus rufa) pendant la migration d'automne RÉSUMÉ. La gestion des populations aviaires menacées requiert des estimations précises des indices vitaux en fonction des catégories d'âge et de sexe afin d'identifier efficacement les populations démographiques vulnérables et de soutenir des mesures de conservation. Chez les bécasseaux maubèches menacés (Calidris canutus rufa), il existe relativement peu d'estimations fiables du succès de la reproduction, car ils se reproduisent en densités très faibles sur des territoires extrêmement vastes et relativement inaccessibles dans les régions arctiques du Canada. Cette étude a pour objet de découvrir si un délai migratoire entre les groupes de mâles et de femelles adultes pendant la migration vers le sud post-reproduction pourrait être un indice fiable du succès reproductif de cette espèce. Si tel est le cas, nous nous attentions à trouver une relation positive entre le délai entre la migration des mâles et le nombre ou la proportion des jeunes présents sur le même site de migration d'automne. Pour tester cette hypothèse, nous avons analysé 13 années de données de capture-
对处于危险中的鸟类种群的管理需要准确估计不同年龄和性别阶层的生命率,以有效地确定最脆弱的人口并支持保护行动。在濒临灭绝的红结雀(Calidris canutus rufa)中,由于它们在加拿大北极地区如此大且相对难以进入的地区繁殖密度如此低,因此对繁殖成功率的可靠估计相对较少。本研究的目的是测试成年雄性和雌性结在繁殖后南下迁徙期间的迁徙时间延迟是否可以作为该物种繁殖成功的可靠指标。如果是这样,我们期望在雄性迁徙的时间滞后与同一秋季迁徙地点的幼鱼数量或比例之间找到正相关关系。为了验证这一假设,我们分析了13年的捕获-标记-再捕获和人口普查数据,这些数据来自一个重要的南向迁徙阶段。我们发现了强烈而一致的年龄和性别特定年表;雌鱼的平均通过时间比雄鱼早2周左右,幼鱼比成年鱼晚1个月。在大多数年份,女性和男性之间存在长达27天的显著时间差。然而,我们没有发现证据支持这一时间差解释了每年中途停留地点幼鱼数量的变化。相反,我们发现雌性迁徙的时间以及繁殖地和迁徙期间的环境条件指数最能描述迁徙期间幼鱼的比例。总的来说,我们的研究结果对雄性迁徙滞后作为繁殖成功指标的可靠性提出了质疑。关于妇女和妇女的生理变化和气候变化的规定,关于妇女和妇女的生理变化和妇女的生理变化(Calidris canutus rufa),关于妇女和妇女的生理变化RÉSUMÉ。关于鸟类种群的问题,需要估计;关于鸟类种群的问题,需要估计;关于鸟类种群的问题,需要估计;关于鸟类种群的问题,需要估计;关于鸟类种群的问题,需要估计;关于鸟类种群的问题,需要估计;关于鸟类种群的问题,需要估计;关于鸟类种群的问题,需要估计。在加拿大境内,将存在与生殖成功估算表有关的关系;在加拿大境内,将存在与生殖成功估算表有关的关系;在加拿大境内,将存在与生殖成功估算表有关的关系;在加拿大境内,将存在与生殖成功估算表有关的关系。这个练习曲倒垃圾箱de decouvrir si联合国delai migratoire雄性的两者之间的小组不吸烟者femelles成人吊坠拉迁移更sud post-reproduction可能联合国指数可靠杜赛克赛斯reproductif de这个种。Si tel le cas,常识理性关注一个找到一个积极的关系之间le delai之间拉迁移des男性et des年轻人的数量或者洛杉矶比例呈现苏尔勒德迁移d 'automne meme网站。倒测试这个假设,我们已经分析13排数据de capture-marquage-recapture et de recensement关于vaste区更sud de rassemblement吊坠拉迁移。Nous avons constatecontreologie forte et cohsamente spsamcifique 与其他性别相同;成年期为成年期,青春期为成年期,青春期为成年期,青春期为成年期。在过去的27个小时里,我们将有大量的妇女和青年参加我们的活动。现在,我们有了独立的、不确定的、不确定的、不确定的、不确定的、不确定的、不确定的、不确定的、不确定的、不确定的、不确定的、不确定的、不确定的、不确定的。事实上,“妇女迁移日期”是指“妇女迁移日期”,“妇女迁移日期”是指“妇女迁移日期”,“妇女迁移日期”是指“妇女迁移日期”,“妇女迁移日期”是指妇女迁移日期,“妇女迁移日期”是指妇女迁移日期。在全球范围内,没有任何的数据表明,在全球范围内的数据表明,在全球范围内的数据表明,在全球范围内的数据表明,在全球范围内的数据表明,在生育方面取得了成功。
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引用次数: 2
Forest specialist species in the urban landscape: Do different levels of urbanization affect the movements of Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoos (Calyptorhynchus banksii naso)? 城市景观中的森林特有物种:不同程度的城市化是否会影响森林红尾黑凤头鹦鹉的活动?
IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/ace-02061-170111
Sam Rycken, K. Warren, Lian Yeap, R. Donaldson, P. Mawson, R. Dawson, J. Shephard
Anthropogenic landscape modification which leads to the displacement of species, is arguably one of the most profound impacts on animal movement globally. In urban landscapes, animal movement is generally impacted by varying levels of increased urbanization. However, this is species dependent and is mostly guided by the surrounding habitat. Fragmentation and habitat patch isolation must be considered at scales appropriate to the study species. Using telemetry, we test these assumptions investigating movement patterns of flocks of Forest Red-tailed Black Cockatoos (Calyptorhynchus banksii naso; RTBC) between three regions: urban, peri-urban, and forest using GPS and satellite PTT. This species occurs at varying levels of urbanization, however, how this might affect its movements is largely unknown. We did not find evidence that RTBC movement was impaired in the urban region compared with peri-urban or forest regions. It found, however, a significant within-region variation in movement extent among flocks and across regions depending on foraging resource availability and location. Differences in daily movement distance (Av. 4.96 16.41 km) and home range size (6.02 52.57 km) between urban flocks appeared to be associated with the proximity of green spaces as roosts and foraging sites, with roadside vegetation providing important foraging resources and movement corridors. Key urban habitats were predominantly located in public nature reserves and private properties, with roadside vegetation connecting these sites for RTBC. The findings of this study highlight that conservation management for this and many other threatened species should regard the urban landscape as a critical habitat for urban adapted species. This would include management of its green spaces with connectivity and offsets from roads in mind. Furthermore, future research should focus on identifying additional key habitat sites (resource selection) and species distribution modeling, which will facilitate an active and adaptive approach towards this species' conservation management. Espèces spécialistes de la forêt en paysage urbain : les divers degrés d'urbanisation affectent-ils les déplacements du Cacatoès banksien (Calyptorhynchus banksii naso)? RÉSUMÉ. Les modifications anthropiques du paysage, qui entraînent le déplacement des espèces, représentent sans doute l'un des impacts les plus néfastes sur les déplacements des animaux dans le monde. En paysage urbain, les déplacements des animaux sont généralement affectés par des degrés variables d'urbanisation galopante. Cependant, ce phénomène dépend des espèces et est principalement guidé par l'habitat environnant. La fragmentation et l'isolement des parcelles d'habitat doivent être pris en compte à des échelles appropriées à l'espèce étudiée. Au moyen de la télémétrie, nous avons testé ces hypothèses en examinant les schémas de déplacement de groupes de Cacatoès banksiens (Calyptorhynchus banksii naso) entre trois régions : urbaine,
人为的景观改变导致物种迁移,可以说是对全球动物运动最深远的影响之一。在城市景观中,动物运动通常受到不同程度的城市化增加的影响。然而,这是物种依赖的,主要是由周围的栖息地引导的。必须在适合研究物种的尺度上考虑破碎化和生境斑块隔离。利用遥测技术,我们通过调查森林红尾黑凤头鹦鹉(Calyptorhynchus banksii naso)群的运动模式来检验这些假设;利用GPS和卫星PTT在城市、城郊和森林三个区域之间的RTBC)。这一物种发生在不同程度的城市化中,然而,这可能如何影响其运动在很大程度上是未知的。我们没有发现证据表明城市地区的RTBC运动比城市周边地区或森林地区受到损害。然而,研究发现,根据觅食资源的可用性和位置,群之间和区域之间的移动程度在区域内存在显著差异。城市群的日活动距离(4.96 16.41 km)和活动范围(6.02 52.57 km)的差异似乎与邻近绿地作为栖息和觅食地有关,路边植被提供了重要的觅食资源和活动通道。主要的城市栖息地主要位于公共自然保护区和私人财产中,路边植被连接这些地点进行RTBC。本研究的结果强调,对这一物种和许多其他濒危物种的保护管理应将城市景观视为城市适应物种的重要栖息地。这将包括对绿色空间的管理,并考虑到道路的连通性和补偿。此外,未来的研究应集中于确定其他关键栖息地(资源选择)和物种分布模型,从而为该物种的保护管理提供积极和适应性的方法。城市化影响下的电子通讯通讯:电子通讯通讯:电子通讯通讯:电子通讯:电子通讯:电子通讯:电子通讯的简历。Les modified anthropiques du paysage, qui entratrent le danci..com/, reresamsentent sans doute l'un, impact(影响)Les + naccestes sur Les danci.com/ des animaux dans le monde。在城市化进程中,不同的变项影响着不同的变项和不同的变项。在此之前,《环境保护法》规定了《环境保护法》的基本准则。“碎片化和隔离”是指“碎片化和隔离”,即“碎片化和隔离”,即“碎片化和隔离”,即“碎片化和隔离”,即“碎片化和隔离”,即“碎片化和隔离”。在所有的电子设备中,所有的电子设备、电子设备、电子设备、电子设备、电子设备、电子设备、电子设备、电子设备、电子设备、电子设备、电子设备、电子设备、电子设备、电子设备和电子设备。在城市化进程中,主要的经济因素并没有影响到经济增长,因为经济增长带来了巨大的收入。没有固定的薪金,没有固定的薪金,没有固定的薪金,没有固定的薪金,没有固定的薪金,没有固定的薪金。Nous avons独立于constatest, au ' sein d'une même reacimans,一个显著的变异,在1 ' canalys, 1 ' canalys, 1 ' canalys, 1 ' sanalys, 1 ' sanalys, 1 ' sanalys, 1 ' sanalys, 1 ' sanalys, 1 ' sanalys, 1 ' sanalys, 1 ' sanalys, 1 ' sanalys, 1 ' sanalys。交换交换距离(moyenne = 4,96,16,41公里)和交换交换区域(6,02,57,57公里)、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域、交换交换区域和交换交换区域。生境、城市、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境、环境等。将所有的电子交换器与电子交换器结合,将所有的电子交换器与电子交换器结合,将所有的电子交换器与电子交换器结合,将所有的电子交换器与电子交换器结合,将电子交换器与电子交换器结合。通讯作者:Sam J. E. Rycken, 3 Mcatee Court, Fremantle, WA, Australia, 6160, samrycken.research@gmail.com鸟类保护与生态学17(1):11 http://www.ace-eco.org/vol17/iss1/art11/ et de compensations pour les routes。 此外,未来的研究应集中于确定额外的关键生境地点(资源选择)和模拟物种分布,这将促进对该物种的保护管理采取积极和适应性的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Understory structure and heterospecifics influence the occupancy of a ground-nesting species of conservation concern, the Canada Warbler 林下结构和异质性影响了一种保护关注的地面筑巢物种,加拿大林莺的占用
IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/ace-02079-170120
G. Dimmig, Christopher T. Rota, P. Wood, Christopher M Lituma
. Forest structure and composition in eastern U.S. forests are changing because of forest regeneration after farmland abandonment, less frequent occurrence of severe disturbances, and climate change. Some of these changes may disproportionally affect birds that rely on gap dynamics or other forest canopy disturbances to create understory habitat. The Canada Warbler ( Cardellina canadensis ) is one such understory specialist that has undergone consistent declines. We assessed environmental and interspecific factors associated with Canada Warbler space use in its southern breeding distribution to understand potential causes of population declines and inform conservation efforts. We evaluated Canada Warbler occupancy from 840 point count surveys conducted in 2017 and 2018 at 470 unique locations (79% of locations surveyed in both years) throughout Monongahela National Forest, West Virginia, USA. We modeled Canada Warbler occupancy probability as a function of environmental variables and included Black-throated Blue Warbler ( Setophaga caerulescens ) and Hermit Thrush ( Catharus guttatus ) as interacting species because all three species exhibit similar habitat preferences. Canada Warblers were most likely to occur in areas with rhododendron ( Rhododendron maximum ) density > 0.27 stems/ m² and within 3 m of riparian areas (streams and wetlands). They were also more likely to occur in mid-elevation (highest occupancy at 930 m) northern hardwood forests when Black-throated Blue Warblers were also present. Black-throated Blue Warblers were most likely to occupy mid-elevation sites with high shrub density, whereas Hermit Thrushes were more likely to occupy high-elevation, old-age forests. Potential management actions could focus on conserving riparian areas in northern hardwood forests, especially those with dense rhododendron thickets. Such potential actions could also be beneficial across the entire elevation range we explored within the region (500–1300 m). Canada Warblers may be benefiting from the recent spread of rhododendron habitats and northern hardwood forest types within West Virginia. feuillus du nord en Virginie-Occidentale.
. 美国东部森林的结构和组成正在发生变化,原因是撂荒后的森林更新、严重干扰的发生频率降低以及气候变化。其中一些变化可能会不成比例地影响依赖林隙动态或其他林冠扰动来创造林下栖息地的鸟类。加拿大林莺(Cardellina canadensis)就是这样一种经历了持续衰退的林下植物专家。我们评估了与加拿大林莺南部繁殖分布中空间使用相关的环境和种间因素,以了解种群减少的潜在原因,并为保护工作提供信息。我们从2017年和2018年在美国西弗吉尼亚州莫农加希拉国家森林的470个不同地点(占两年内调查地点的79%)进行的840点计数调查中评估了加拿大林莺的占用情况。我们将加拿大莺的占据概率建模为环境变量的函数,并将黑喉蓝莺(Setophaga caerulescens)和寄居鸟(Catharus guttatus)作为相互作用的物种,因为这三种物种都表现出相似的栖息地偏好。加拿大林莺最容易出现在杜鹃(杜鹃最大)密度为0.27枝/ m²的地区和河岸(溪流和湿地)3 m范围内。它们也更有可能发生在中高海拔(最高占用在930米)的北方阔叶林中,那里也有黑喉蓝莺。黑喉蓝莺最可能栖息在灌木密度高的中高海拔地区,而寄居鸟更可能栖息在高海拔的老森林。潜在的管理行动可以集中在保护北部阔叶林的河岸地区,特别是那些有茂密杜鹃花灌丛的地区。这些潜在的行动也可能对我们在该地区探索的整个海拔范围(500-1300米)有益。加拿大林莺可能受益于最近在西弗吉尼亚州杜鹃花栖息地和北方阔叶林类型的传播。西维吉尼亚州北部的feuillus
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引用次数: 1
Spatially explicit population trend estimates of owls in the Maritime provinces of Canada and the influence of call playback 加拿大沿海省份猫头鹰的空间显性种群趋势估计及呼叫回放的影响
IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/ace-02075-170112
D. Ethier, Rémi Torrenta, Amy-Lee Kouwenberg
Documenting and interpreting trends in the abundance and distribution of bird populations is critical to monitoring their status and setting conservation priorities. This process requires standardized monitoring and robust analytical techniques, which can resolve trends at spatial scales of management interest while disentangling the influence that various data collection protocols can have on the interpretation of results. We used a 19-year citizen-science-collected dataset (2001–2019), the Nocturnal Owl Survey, to assess abundance trends in Barred Owl (Strix varia), Northern Saw-whet Owl (Aegolius acadicus), and Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) at both fine and broad-scales. To achieve this, we used a spatially explicit modeling approach that facilitates the borrowing of information across spatial boundaries, allowing for more robust trend estimates at finer spatial scales. Further, we assessed the potential influence of the call-playback protocol on trend estimates. At fine spatial scales, we found that a data collection protocol that includes call playbacks provided more precise results to assess relative changes in abundance (i.e., reduced uncertainty). At broader spatial scales, trend estimates were unaffected by data collection methodology (i.e., silent listening versus call playback). Specifically, at the scale of the region or province, we found that populations of focal owl species in the Maritimes of Canada have remained stable over the past 19 years. However, at finer scales, trends are more variable and may create opportunities to test alternative hypotheses about drivers of population change and the effects of management actions at scales amenable to conservation action. The statistical analyses are anticipated to form a national, publicly accessible framework for status assessments of owls in Canada and will provide resource managers and researchers a base from which to evaluate the influence of land management and conservation practices on owl populations across the nation. Estimations spatialement explicites de la tendance des populations de Strigidés dans les provinces maritimes du Canada et influence de l'utilisation d'enregistrements sonores RÉSUMÉ. La documentation et l'interprétation de la tendance en matière d'abondance et de répartition des populations d'oiseaux sont essentielles pour qu'on puisse surveiller leur statut et établir les priorités de conservation. Ce processus requiert des techniques de suivis normalisés et d'analyses robustes, qui peuvent résoudre les tendances à des échelles spatiales d'intérêt pour la gestion tout en examinant l'influence que les divers protocoles de collecte de données peuvent avoir sur l'interprétation des résultats. Nous avons utilisé un ensemble de données collectées par des citoyens depuis 19 ans (2001-2019), l'Inventaire des Strigidés nocturnes, pour évaluer la tendance de l'abondance de la Chouette rayée (Strix varia), de la Petite Nyctale (Aegolius acadicus) et du Grand-duc d'Am
记录和解释鸟类数量和分布的趋势对于监测其状况和确定保护重点至关重要。这一过程需要标准化的监测和强有力的分析技术,这些技术可以在管理感兴趣的空间尺度上分析趋势,同时理清各种数据收集协议可能对结果解释产生的影响。我们使用了一个19年的公民科学收集的数据集(2001-2019),即夜间猫头鹰调查,来评估横斑猫头鹰(Strix varia)、北锯齿猫头鹰(Aegolius acadicus)和大角猫头鹰(Bubo virginianus)在精细和广泛尺度上的丰度趋势。为了实现这一目标,我们使用了一种空间显式建模方法,该方法促进了跨空间边界的信息借用,从而允许在更精细的空间尺度上进行更稳健的趋势估计。此外,我们评估了呼叫回放协议对趋势估计的潜在影响。在精细的空间尺度上,我们发现包含呼叫回放的数据收集协议提供了更精确的结果来评估丰度的相对变化(即减少不确定性)。在更广泛的空间尺度上,趋势估计不受数据收集方法的影响(即沉默聆听与呼叫回放)。具体而言,在地区或省的尺度上,我们发现加拿大海洋地区的焦点猫头鹰物种种群在过去19年中保持稳定。然而,在更细的尺度上,趋势变化更大,可能创造机会来检验关于人口变化的驱动因素和管理行动在可适应保护行动的尺度上的影响的各种假设。这些统计分析预计将形成一个全国性的、可公开访问的框架,用于评估加拿大猫头鹰的状况,并将为资源管理者和研究人员提供一个基础,以评估土地管理和保护措施对全国猫头鹰种群的影响。估计spatialement明确de la服侍des人口de Strigides在省滨海诸省du加拿大等影响de l 'utilisation d 'enregistrements sonores简历。“文件交换”是指“交换交换”,“交换交换”是指“交换交换”,“交换交换”指“交换交换”,“交换交换”指“交换交换”,“交换交换”指“交换交换”,“交换交换”指“交换交换”。这一过程要求掌握掌握正常情况下的技术、掌握掌握正常情况下的技术、掌握掌握正常情况下的技术、掌握掌握正常情况下的技术、掌握掌握不同情况下的技术、掌握掌握不同情况下的技术、掌握掌握不同情况下的技术、掌握掌握不同情况下的技术、掌握掌握不同情况下的技术、掌握掌握不同情况下的技术、掌握掌握不同情况下的技术、掌握掌握不同情况下的技术。我们收集了19个月前的 公共事业组织- - -收集了19个月前的公共事业组织- - - 19个月前的公共事业组织- - - 19个月前的- - - 1个月前的- - - 1个月前的- - - 1个月前的- - - 1个月前的- - - 1个月前的- - - 1个月前的- - - 1个月前的- - - 1个月前的- - - 1个月前的- - - 1个月前的- - - 1个月前的- - - 1个月前的- - - 1个月前的。从表面上看,有一种方法可以改变空间空间的变化,明确的、相当便利的信息变化,跨越空间边界,渗透的空间空间变化,估计趋势,以及稳健的空间空间变化和变化。此外,目前的统计数据表明,相对于统计数据的利用情况和统计数据的趋势,统计数据的影响潜力是有限的。À《联合国关于收集和处理各种各样的薪金的议定书》包括《关于利用和处理各种薪金的议定书》、《关于利用和处理各种薪金的议定书》、《关于利用和处理各种薪金的议定书》、《关于利用和处理各种薪金的议定书》、《关于利用和处理各种薪金的议定书》、《关于处理各种薪金的议定书》和《关于处理各种薪金的议定书》(c.à-d)。一种不确定因素。À关于空间和大范围的空间和大范围的空间和大范围的空间和大范围的空间和大范围的空间和大范围的空间和大范围的空间和大范围的空间和大范围的空间和大范围的空间和大范围的空间和大范围的(1)“㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣㈣)加上pracest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest - acest。独立的,例如, 的变项和变项,例如, 的变项和变项,例如, 的变项和变项,例如, 的变项和变项。Les分析的devraient前联合国干部国家访问盟公共在干部de l”de la情况des Strigides盟加拿大等fourniront辅助gestionnaires de资源等辅助chercheurs一个基地从德的那个ils pourront安勤科技影响des保护治理的实际不吸烟者人群中找到de Strigides在兜售。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying spatial drivers of long-term population growth in three large gull species: the importance of mink farms and urban areas 确定三种大型海鸥物种长期人口增长的空间驱动因素:水貂养殖场和城市地区的重要性
IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/ace-02233-170210
Josu Meléndez-Arteaga, T. Bregnballe, M. Frederiksen
Population growth generally shows extensive spatial variation within species, but the proximate and ultimate drivers of this variation are often poorly understood. For highly mobile colonial breeders, population growth is expected to be linked to resource availability within a considerable radius of the colony. We analyzed the relationship between population growth over the period 2000– 2020 and resource availability for three large gull species in several hundred colonies in Denmark. Colony growth rates showed strong spatial autocorrelation for Herring Gull Larus argentatus, whereas no such relationship was apparent for the other two species (Great Black-backed Gull L. marinus and Lesser Black-backed Gull L. fuscus). Colony growth rates of Herring Gulls were correlated with relevant proxies of food availability within species-specific foraging ranges, including the extent of urban and subtidal foraging habitats, and the number of mink farms. No such correlations were found for the other two species. The positive relationships of Herring Gull colony growth with the number of mink farms and the extent of built-up area were particularly interesting, as they highlighted the strong dependency of this species on human-associated food sources. Furthermore, Denmark closed all mink farms in late 2020 because of concerns about the spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus between farms and between minks and humans, culling approximately 17 million minks. This dramatic change in food availability is expected to have a negative impact on the Danish Herring Gull population, which in recent years has fared better than in the neighboring countries. © 2022 by the author(s).
种群增长通常在物种内部表现出广泛的空间变化,但这种变化的近因和最终驱动因素往往知之甚少。对于高度流动的群体繁殖者,预计人口增长与群体相当大半径内的资源可用性有关。我们分析了2000 - 2020年期间丹麦数百个种群中三种大型海鸥的种群增长与资源可用性之间的关系。大黑背鸥(L. marinus)和小黑背鸥(L. fuscus)种群生长速率的空间自相关性不明显,而大黑背鸥(Larus argentatus)种群生长速率的空间自相关性不明显。在城市和潮下觅食栖息地的范围以及水貂养殖场的数量等特定觅食范围内,银鸥的种群生长率与食物可用性相关。在其他两个物种中没有发现这种相关性。鲱鱼鸥种群的增长与水貂养殖场的数量和建筑面积的程度之间的正相关关系特别有趣,因为它们突出了这种物种对人类相关食物来源的强烈依赖。此外,由于担心SARS-CoV-2病毒在农场之间以及水貂与人之间传播,丹麦于2020年底关闭了所有水貂养殖场,扑杀了大约1700万只水貂。食物供应的这种巨大变化预计会对丹麦鲱鱼鸥的数量产生负面影响,近年来,丹麦鲱鱼鸥的情况比邻国要好。©2022由作者所有。
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引用次数: 2
A comparison of historical and contemporary reproductive traits in a declining population of Glaucous-winged Gulls (Larus glaucescens) 白羽鸥(Larus glaucescens)种群数量下降的历史与当代繁殖特征比较
IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/ace-02296-170241
L. Blight, W. O’Shea, G. McClelland
,
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引用次数: 0
Using tracking technology to locate endangered ʻuaʻu or Hawaiian Petrel (Pterodroma sandwichensis) burrows 使用跟踪技术定位濒临灭绝的夏威夷海燕或夏威夷海燕(三明治翼燕)的洞穴
IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/ace-02328-170239
A. Raine, Alex X. Wang, Bret N. Mossman, S. Driskill
,
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Avian Conservation and Ecology
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