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A Long-Term Follow-Up Study on the Auditory Performance and Speech Intelligibility of Mandarin-Speaking Prelingually Deaf Children With Isolated Large Vestibular Aqueduct Syndrome After Cochlear Implantation. 人工耳蜗植入术后患孤立性大前庭导水管综合征的普通话语前聋儿童听觉表现和言语清晰度的长期随访研究
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1044/2023_aja-23-00145
Chao Meng, Qianqian Guo, Ying Kong, Jing Lyu, Xueqing Chen
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the auditory performance and speech perception of 104 children with isolated large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) and 523 children with no inner ear malformation (IEM) for 5 years after cochlear implantation, in order to explore whether isolated LVAS can affect the long-term hearing and speech rehabilitation of deaf children after cochlear implantation.
本研究旨在评估104名孤立性大前庭导水管综合征(LVAS)患儿和523名无内耳畸形(IEM)患儿在人工耳蜗植入术后5年的听觉表现和言语感知,以探讨孤立性大前庭导水管综合征是否会影响人工耳蜗植入术后聋儿的长期听力和言语康复。
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引用次数: 0
Otoscopic Abnormalities for the U.S. Population Aged 6-80+ Years: Prevalence and Consequences for Hearing. 美国 6-80 岁以上人口耳镜异常情况:流行率及其对听力的影响。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00181
Larry E Humes

Purpose: U.S. national data for otoscopic examinations of 13,055 individuals aged 6-80+ years included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey surveys for 2011-2012, 2015-2016, and 2017-2020 were analyzed and described.

Method: Analyses were primarily descriptive and relied on prevalence estimates, supported by logistic-regression analyses, and distribution-free medians. Otoscopic examinations were performed by trained technicians with review and supervision by a clinical audiologist. Effects of age, sex, and race/ethnicity were also examined.

Results: Overall, the prevalence of abnormal otoscopy was approximately 12%-15% with higher prevalence among males at most ages and for both sexes for age ≥ 60 years. Typically, 93% or more of the observed abnormalities were due to excessive or impacted cerumen, mainly the former. Logistic-regression analyses for the 6-19-year-olds found that only race/ethnicity affected the odds with non-Hispanic Blacks and Asians have higher odds for otoscopic abnormalities than non-Hispanic Whites. For 20- to 69-year-old adults, the odds of having abnormal otoscopic findings were about twice as high for males versus females, 60-year-olds versus 20-year-olds, and non-Hispanic Blacks versus non-Hispanic Whites. Overall, the effect of otoscopic abnormalities on the pure-tone averages for 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz and 3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz were negligible (< 3 dB), and this did not vary substantially with sex, race/ethnicity, or age.

Conclusion: Abnormal otoscopy, typically excessive cerumen, was observed in about 12%-15% of the individuals in this national sample, but the presence of such abnormalities had minimal effect on hearing sensitivity.

目的:对2011-2012年、2015-2016年和2017-2020年美国全国健康与营养调查中13055名6-80岁以上人群的耳镜检查数据进行了分析和描述:分析主要是描述性的,依赖于流行率估计值,并辅以逻辑回归分析和无分布中值。耳镜检查由训练有素的技术人员在临床听力学家的审查和监督下进行。此外,还研究了年龄、性别和种族/民族的影响:总体而言,耳镜检查异常的发生率约为 12%-15%,男性在大多数年龄段的发生率较高,而在年龄≥ 60 岁时,男女的发生率均较高。通常情况下,93%或更多的观察到的异常是由于耵聍过多或耵聍撞击造成的,主要是前者。对 6-19 岁人群进行的逻辑回归分析发现,只有种族/族裔会影响耳镜异常的几率,非西班牙裔黑人和亚洲人的几率高于非西班牙裔白人。在 20 至 69 岁的成年人中,男性与女性、60 岁与 20 岁、非西班牙裔黑人与非西班牙裔白人的耳镜检查结果异常几率大约是男性的两倍。总体而言,耳镜检查异常对 500、1000、2000 和 4000 Hz 以及 3000、4000 和 6000 Hz 的纯音平均值的影响微乎其微(< 3 dB),而且与性别、种族/族裔或年龄的关系不大:结论:在这次全国抽样调查中,约有 12%-15% 的人出现耳镜检查异常,通常是耵聍过多,但这种异常对听力灵敏度的影响微乎其微。
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引用次数: 0
Sensory Gating Networks in Normal-Hearing Adults With Minimal Tinnitus. 患有轻微耳鸣的正常听力成年人的感觉门控网络
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00122
Lauren Ralston, Julia Campbell, Phillip Gilley, Mashhood Nielson, Kristopher Brown

Purpose: The goal of this study was to observe sensory gating-related networks underlying cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) peak components in individuals with and without minimal tinnitus, as measured using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). This analysis was performed on previously published sensory gating responses in normal-hearing adults with and without minimal tinnitus.

Method: Independent component analysis was performed for each individual CAEP gating component (Pa, P50, N1, and P2). Significant components were retained for source localization analyses within the following groups: no tinnitus, tinnitus with a THI score ≤ 6, and tinnitus with a THI score > 6. Brain source localization was performed on the gating difference wave for each component using standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography.

Results: Gating-related networks were identified within each group. Different regional sources were observed between groups, with parietal sources underlying the Pa and P50 components as tinnitus severity increased. A larger prefrontal regional activation was also shown for the N1 gating component as tinnitus severity increased. These results expand upon the functional gating responses via CAEP waveforms in a previously published study.

Conclusions: The auditory gating response, as measured via CAEPs, has previously been shown to significantly correlate with an increase in tinnitus severity in adults with normal hearing. The corresponding changes in the gating response appear to be supported by different cortical regions in those without tinnitus, those with a THI score ≤ 6, and those with a THI score > 6. Next, functional differences between localized cortical regions should be tested.

目的:本研究的目的是观察使用耳鸣障碍量表(THI)测量的有轻微耳鸣和无轻微耳鸣患者皮层听觉诱发电位(CAEP)峰值成分的感觉门控相关网络。该分析是根据以前发表的有轻微耳鸣和无轻微耳鸣的正常听力成年人的感觉门控反应进行的:对每个 CAEP 选通成分(Pa、P50、N1 和 P2)进行独立成分分析。在以下组别中,保留重要成分进行声源定位分析:无耳鸣、THI 评分≤ 6 分的耳鸣和 THI 评分大于 6 分的耳鸣。使用标准化低分辨率脑电磁断层扫描对每个成分的门控差波进行脑源定位:结果:在每个组别中都发现了与门控相关的网络。各组间观察到不同的区域源,随着耳鸣严重程度的增加,Pa 和 P50 成分的顶叶源也随之增加。随着耳鸣严重程度的增加,N1门控成分也显示出更大的前额叶区域激活。这些结果扩展了之前发表的一项研究中通过 CAEP 波形得出的功能门控反应:结论:在听力正常的成年人中,通过 CAEPs 测定的听觉门控反应与耳鸣严重程度的增加显著相关。在无耳鸣者、THI评分≤6分者和THI评分大于6分者中,门控反应的相应变化似乎得到了不同皮质区域的支持。接下来,应测试局部皮质区域之间的功能差异。
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引用次数: 0
Description of the Baseline Audiologic Characteristics of the Participants Enrolled in the Aging and Cognitive Health Evaluation in Elders Study. 老年和认知健康评估研究》参与者的基线听力特征描述。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00066
Victoria A Sanchez, Michelle L Arnold, Joshua F Betz, Nicholas S Reed, Sarah Faucette, Elizabeth Anderson, Sheila Burgard, Josef Coresh, Jennifer A Deal, Ann Clock Eddins, Adele M Goman, Nancy W Glynn, Lisa Gravens-Mueller, Jaime Hampton, Kathleen M Hayden, Alison R Huang, Kaila Liou, Christine M Mitchell, Thomas H Mosley, Haley N Neil, James S Pankow, James R Pike, Jennifer A Schrack, Laura Sherry, Katherine H Teece, Kerry Witherell, Frank R Lin, Theresa H Chisolm

Purpose: The Aging and Cognitive Health Evaluation in Elders (ACHIEVE) study is a randomized clinical trial designed to determine the effects of a best-practice hearing intervention versus a successful aging health education control intervention on cognitive decline among community-dwelling older adults with untreated mild-to-moderate hearing loss. We describe the baseline audiologic characteristics of the ACHIEVE participants.

Method: Participants aged 70-84 years (N = 977; Mage = 76.8) were enrolled at four U.S. sites through two recruitment routes: (a) an ongoing longitudinal study and (b) de novo through the community. Participants underwent diagnostic evaluation including otoscopy, tympanometry, pure-tone and speech audiometry, speech-in-noise testing, and provided self-reported hearing abilities. Baseline characteristics are reported as frequencies (percentages) for categorical variables or medians (interquartiles, Q1-Q3) for continuous variables. Between-groups comparisons were conducted using chi-square tests for categorical variables or Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables. Spearman correlations assessed relationships between measured hearing function and self-reported hearing handicap.

Results: The median four-frequency pure-tone average of the better ear was 39 dB HL, and the median speech-in-noise performance was a 6-dB SNR loss, indicating mild speech-in-noise difficulty. No clinically meaningful differences were found across sites. Significant differences in subjective measures were found for recruitment route. Expected correlations between hearing measurements and self-reported handicap were found.

Conclusions: The extensive baseline audiologic characteristics reported here will inform future analyses examining associations between hearing loss and cognitive decline. The final ACHIEVE data set will be publicly available for use among the scientific community.

Supplemental material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24756948.

目的:老年人老龄化与认知健康评估(ACHIEVE)研究是一项随机临床试验,旨在确定最佳听力干预与成功的老龄化健康教育对照干预对患有轻度至中度听力损失且未经治疗的社区老年人认知能力下降的影响。我们描述了 ACHIEVE 参与者的基线听力特征:年龄在 70-84 岁之间的参与者(N = 977;Mage = 76.8)通过两种招募途径在美国的四个地点进行招募:(a)正在进行的纵向研究;(b)通过社区从新招募。参与者接受了诊断评估,包括耳镜检查、鼓室测听、纯音和言语测听、噪声言语测试,并提供了自我报告的听力能力。对于分类变量,基线特征以频率(百分比)表示;对于连续变量,基线特征以中位数(四分位数,Q1-Q3)表示。对于分类变量,采用卡方检验进行组间比较;对于连续变量,采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验进行组间比较。斯皮尔曼相关性评估了测量的听力功能与自我报告的听力障碍之间的关系:较好耳的四频纯音平均值中位数为 39 dB HL,噪声中言语表现的中位数为 6 dB SNR 损失,表明噪声中言语有轻度困难。不同地点之间未发现有临床意义的差异。招聘路线的主观测量结果存在显著差异。听力测量结果与自我报告的障碍之间存在预期的相关性:本文报告的大量基线听力特征将为未来研究听力损失与认知能力下降之间关系的分析提供依据。最终的 ACHIEVE 数据集将公开供科学界使用。补充材料:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24756948。
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引用次数: 0
The Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory and Pure-Tone Average Predict Hearing Aid Use Equally Well. 修订版听力障碍量表和纯音平均值对助听器使用的预测效果相同。
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00213
Lauren K Dillard, Lois J Matthews, Judy R Dubno

Purpose: This study aimed to (a) compare the Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory (RHHI) and pure-tone average (PTA) in their abilities to predict hearing aid use and (b) report the optimal cut-point values on the RHHI and PTA that predict hearing aid use.

Method: Participants were from a community-based cohort study. We evaluated the ability of the RHHI and PTA as (a) continuous variables and (b) binary variables characterized by the optimal cut point determined by the Youden Index to predict hearing aid use. RHHI scores range from 0 to 72, and PTA was defined as averaged thresholds at frequencies 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 kHz in the worse ear. We used logistic regression models and receiver operating characteristic curves with corresponding concordance statistics (c-statistics) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to determine the predictive ability of models and chi-square tests to determine whether c-statistics were significantly different.

Results: This study included 581 participants (Mage = 72.9 [SD = 9.9] years; 59.9% female; 14.3% Minority race). The c-statistics for the RHHI (0.79, 95% CI [0.75, 0.83]) and PTA (0.81, 95% CI [0.78, 0.85]), as continuous variables, were not significantly different (p = .25). The optimal cut points for the RHHI and PTA to predict hearing aid use were 6 points and 32.5 dB HL, respectively. The c-statistics for the RHHI (0.72, 95% CI [0.68, 0.76]) and PTA (0.75, 95% CI [0.71, 0.79]), as binary variables, were not significantly different (p = .27).

Conclusion: The RHHI and PTA are similar in their ability to predict hearing aid use.

目的:本研究旨在(a)比较修订版听力障碍量表(RHHI)和纯音平均值(PTA)预测助听器使用情况的能力;(b)报告 RHHI 和 PTA 预测助听器使用情况的最佳切点值:参与者来自一项社区队列研究。我们评估了 RHHI 和 PTA 作为(a)连续变量和(b)二元变量预测助听器使用情况的能力,二者的特征是由尤登指数确定的最佳切点。RHHI 分值范围为 0 到 72,PTA 定义为较差耳朵在 0.5、1.0、2.0 和 4.0 kHz 频率下的平均阈值。我们使用逻辑回归模型和接收器操作特征曲线以及相应的一致性统计量(c 统计量)和 95% 置信区间(CI)来确定模型的预测能力,并使用卡方检验来确定 c 统计量是否存在显著差异:本研究包括 581 名参与者(年龄 72.9 [SD = 9.9] 岁;59.9% 为女性;14.3% 为少数民族)。作为连续变量,RHHI(0.79,95% CI [0.75,0.83])和 PTA(0.81,95% CI [0.78,0.85])的 c 统计量无显著差异(p = .25)。RHHI 和 PTA 预测助听器使用的最佳切点分别为 6 点和 32.5 dB HL。作为二元变量,RHHI(0.72,95% CI [0.68,0.76])和 PTA(0.75,95% CI [0.71,0.79])的 c 统计量差异不大(p = .27):结论:RHHI 和 PTA 预测助听器使用情况的能力相似。
{"title":"The Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory and Pure-Tone Average Predict Hearing Aid Use Equally Well.","authors":"Lauren K Dillard, Lois J Matthews, Judy R Dubno","doi":"10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00213","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to (a) compare the Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory (RHHI) and pure-tone average (PTA) in their abilities to predict hearing aid use and (b) report the optimal cut-point values on the RHHI and PTA that predict hearing aid use.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were from a community-based cohort study. We evaluated the ability of the RHHI and PTA as (a) continuous variables and (b) binary variables characterized by the optimal cut point determined by the Youden Index to predict hearing aid use. RHHI scores range from 0 to 72, and PTA was defined as averaged thresholds at frequencies 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 kHz in the worse ear. We used logistic regression models and receiver operating characteristic curves with corresponding concordance statistics (<i>c</i>-statistics) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to determine the predictive ability of models and chi-square tests to determine whether <i>c</i>-statistics were significantly different.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 581 participants (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 72.9 [<i>SD</i> = 9.9] years; 59.9% female; 14.3% Minority race). The <i>c</i>-statistics for the RHHI (0.79, 95% CI [0.75, 0.83]) and PTA (0.81, 95% CI [0.78, 0.85]), as continuous variables, were not significantly different (<i>p</i> = .25). The optimal cut points for the RHHI and PTA to predict hearing aid use were 6 points and 32.5 dB HL, respectively. The <i>c</i>-statistics for the RHHI (0.72, 95% CI [0.68, 0.76]) and PTA (0.75, 95% CI [0.71, 0.79]), as binary variables, were not significantly different (<i>p</i> = .27).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The RHHI and PTA are similar in their ability to predict hearing aid use.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10950317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139075659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Critical Thinking: A Program Review of Doctor of Audiology Students. 批判性思维:听力学博士生课程回顾。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00084
Annette Hurley, Megan Guidry, Megan Majoue, George Hebert

Purpose: Critical thinking is a crucial component of health care, and its importance has been recognized in training medical professionals. This study reports critical thinking skills for entering doctor of audiology (AuD) students and the trajectory of the change in critical thinking skills measured 2 times over a period of 3 years.

Method: This longitudinal, descriptive, and exploratory design was implemented for programmatic review. Critical thinking skills were measured using the Health Sciences Reasoning Test (HSRT; Insight Assessment) upon entering the program and compared to measurements during the final month of academic coursework. Descriptive statistics, exploratory analyses of the HSRT scores among cohorts, the relationship of the HSRT to the graduate record examinations (GREs), and changes in the HSRT over time using a repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance were conducted.

Results: There were no significant differences in critical thinking skills between any of the cohort years. There was a significant correlation between the GRE verbal scores and OVERALL HSRT. Improvements in critical thinking skills were found between the time the students entered the graduate program and their final academic semester. Greater gains were reported for students who initially scored below the 50th percentile on the OVERALL HSRT.

Conclusions: This program review showed improvement in the critical thinking skills of AuD students during their academic training program. Information regarding critical thinking skills may be useful for programs to monitor students' clinical thinking skills and possibly include clinical and didactical activities to promote critical thinking skills.

目的:批判性思维是医疗保健的重要组成部分,其重要性已在医疗专业人员培训中得到认可。本研究报告了听力学博士(AuD)新生的批判性思维能力,以及在 3 年内 2 次测量批判性思维能力变化的轨迹:方法:本研究采用纵向、描述性和探索性的设计方法,对课程进行审查。在学生入学时,使用健康科学推理测试(HSRT;Insight Assessment)对其批判性思维能力进行测量,并与最后一个月学术课程的测量结果进行比较。采用重复测量多变量方差分析法,对各组学生的 HSRT 分数、HSRT 与研究生入学考试(GRE)的关系以及 HSRT 随时间的变化进行了描述性统计和探索性分析:结果:各批次学生的批判性思维能力均无明显差异。GRE 语言成绩与总体 HSRT 之间存在明显的相关性。从学生进入研究生课程学习到最后一个学期,他们的批判性思维能力有所提高。据报告,最初在 OVERALL HSRT 中得分低于第 50 百分位数的学生取得了更大的进步:该项目回顾显示,在学术培训项目中,听力障碍学生的批判性思维能力有所提高。有关批判性思维能力的信息可能有助于课程监测学生的临床思维能力,并可能包括促进批判性思维能力的临床和教学活动。
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引用次数: 0
Asynchronies in Auditory and Language Development Obscure Connections to Phonological Deficits in Children. 听觉和语言发展的不同步与儿童语音缺陷的隐性联系。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1044/2023_aja-23-00147
Susan Nittrouer, Joanna H Lowenstein
For half a century, psycholinguists have been exploring the idea that developmental language disorders may have their roots in suprathreshold auditory dysfunctions, but results are inconclusive. Typical studies focus on relationships between temporal processing abilities and measures of various language skills at the time of testing, a proximal account. This study expanded that focus by testing three novel hypotheses: (a) Spectral processing impairments may be more responsible for language-learning deficits than temporal processing impairments. (b) Phonological sensitivity is likely the specific language skill most strongly affected by auditory (dys)functions. (c) Poor auditory functioning observed at young ages may wholly or partly recover, reducing the magnitude of relationship between those recovered functions and persistent language skills at older ages.
半个世纪以来,心理语言学家一直在探索发育性语言障碍可能源于阈上听觉功能障碍的观点,但结果并不确定。典型的研究侧重于测试时的时间处理能力与各种语言技能测量之间的关系,这是一种近端解释。本研究通过测试三个新的假设来扩展研究重点:(a)频谱处理障碍可能比时间处理障碍更容易导致语言学习障碍。(b) 语音敏感性可能是受听觉(功能)障碍影响最大的特定语言技能。(c) 在年幼时观察到的不良听觉功能可能会全部或部分恢复,从而降低这些恢复的功能与年长时持续的语言技能之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Can Playing a Game Improve Children's Speech Recognition? A Preliminary Study of Implicit Talker Familiarity Effects. 玩游戏能提高孩子的语音识别能力吗?内隐谈话者熟悉效应的初步研究。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00156
Mary M Flaherty, Rachael Price, Silvia Murgia, Emma Manukian

Purpose: The goal was to evaluate whether implicit talker familiarization via an interactive computer game, designed for this study, could improve children's word recognition in classroom noise. It was hypothesized that, regardless of age, children would perform better when recognizing words spoken by the talker who was heard during the game they played.

Method: Using a one-group pretest-posttest experimental design, this study examined the impact of short-term implicit voice exposure on children's word recognition in classroom noise. Implicit voice familiarization occurred via an interactive computer game, played at home for 10 min a day for 5 days. In the game, children (8-12 years) heard one voice, intended to become the "familiar talker." Pre- and postfamiliarization, children identified words in prerecorded classroom noise. Four conditions were tested to evaluate talker familiarity and generalization effects.

Results: Results demonstrated an 11% improvement when recognizing words spoken by the voice heard in the game ("familiar talker"). This was observed only for words that were heard in the game and did not generalize to unfamiliarized words. Before familiarization, younger children had poorer recognition than older children in all conditions; however, after familiarization, there was no effect of age on performance for familiarized stimuli.

Conclusions: Implicit short-term exposure to a talker has the potential to improve children's speech recognition. Therefore, leveraging talker familiarity through gameplay shows promise as a viable method for improving children's speech-in-noise recognition. However, given that improvements did not generalize to unfamiliarized words, careful consideration of exposure stimuli is necessary to optimize this approach.

目的:本研究目的是评估通过互动电脑游戏来熟悉内隐说话者是否可以提高儿童在教室噪音中的单词识别能力。据推测,无论年龄大小,孩子们在识别游戏中听到的说话者所说的话时会表现得更好。方法:采用单组前测后测实验设计,考察短期内隐语音暴露对儿童在课堂噪音环境下词汇识别的影响。隐性语音熟悉是通过一个互动电脑游戏进行的,每天在家玩10分钟,持续5天。在游戏中,孩子们(8-12岁)听到一个声音,意图成为“熟悉的说话者”。在熟悉前和熟悉后,孩子们在预先录制的教室噪音中识别单词。测试了四种情况来评估谈话者熟悉度和泛化效应。结果:结果显示,当识别游戏中听到的声音(“熟悉的说话者”)所说的单词时,提高了11%。这只适用于在游戏中听到的单词,而不适用于不熟悉的单词。在熟悉之前,在所有条件下,年龄较小的儿童的识别能力都比年龄较大的儿童差;然而,在熟悉刺激物后,年龄对刺激物的表现没有影响。结论:短期内隐接触说话者有可能提高儿童的语音识别能力。因此,通过游戏玩法来提高对说话人的熟悉程度,有望成为提高儿童噪音语音识别能力的可行方法。然而,考虑到这种改进并不适用于不熟悉的单词,仔细考虑暴露刺激是优化这种方法的必要条件。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing Direct-to-Consumer Devices to Hearing Aids: Amplification Accuracy for Three Types of Hearing Loss. 直接面向消费者的设备与助听器的比较:三种听力损失的放大精度。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.1044/2023_AJA-22-00170
Sterling W Sheffield, Molly Jacobs, Charles Ellis, Amber Gerasimchik

Purpose: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration finalized regulations for over-the-counter hearing aids (OTC-HAs) on August 17, 2022. Little is known about the comparative performance of OTC-HAs and prescription HAs. This study compared amplification accuracy of prescription HAs and direct-to-consumer devices (DTCDs, including personal sound amplification products [PSAPs] and OTC-HAs).

Method: Eleven devices were programmed to meet prescriptive targets in an acoustic manikin for three degrees of hearing loss. Devices consisted of high- and low-end HAs, PSAPS, and OTC-HAs. Each was tested, and deviations from target measured with an HA analyzer at every combination of 10 frequencies and low-, average-, and high-level inputs. Accuracy was compared using a multilevel Poisson model with device-specific intercepts controlling for input level, frequency, and device type.

Results: For mild-moderate hearing loss, deviations from targets were not statistically different between high- and low-end HAs, but PSAPs (5.50 dB, SE = 0.92 dB) and OTC-HAs (8.83 dB, SE = 1.10 dB) had larger differentials. For flat moderate hearing loss, compared to high-end HAs, average differentials were larger for all device types at all input levels and frequencies (Low HA: 3.82 dB, SE = 1.10 dB; PSAP: 9.24 dB, SE = 1.22 dB; OTC-HA: 8.61 dB, SE = 1.19 dB). For mild sloping to severe hearing loss, compared to high-end HAs, OTC-HAs (9.72 dB, SE = 1.20 dB) and PSAPs (7.34 dB, SE = 1.07 dB) had larger differentials and significant variability at the highest and lowest frequencies. Half (three) of the PSAPs and OTC-HAs met most targets within ±5 dB.

Conclusions: DTCDs were unable to meet prescriptive targets for severe types of hearing loss but could meet them for mild hearing loss. This study provides an examination of current hearing devices. More research is needed to determine whether meeting prescriptive targets provides any benefit in the outcomes and performance with DTCD devices.

目的:美国食品和药物管理局于 2022 年 8 月 17 日最终确定了非处方助听器(OTC-HA)的相关规定。人们对非处方药助听器和处方药助听器的性能比较知之甚少。本研究比较了处方助听器和直接面向消费者的设备(DTCDs,包括个人扩音产品 [PSAPs] 和非处方药助听器)的放大精度:方法:对 11 种设备进行编程,使其达到声学人体模型中针对三种听力损失程度的规定目标。设备包括高端和低端助听器、PSAPS 和非处方药助听器。对每种设备都进行了测试,并使用 HA 分析仪测量了在 10 个频率和低、中、高级输入的每种组合下与目标的偏差。使用多层次泊松模型对准确性进行比较,该模型具有特定设备截距,可控制输入电平、频率和设备类型:对于轻中度听力损失,高端和低端助听器与目标的偏差没有统计学差异,但 PSAP(5.50 dB,SE = 0.92 dB)和 OTC 助听器(8.83 dB,SE = 1.10 dB)的偏差较大。对于平面中度听力损失,与高端助听器相比,在所有输入水平和频率下,所有设备类型的平均差异都较大(低频助听器:3.82 dB,SE = 1.10 dB;PSAP:9.24 dB,SE = 1.10 dB):9.24 dB,SE = 1.22 dB;OTC-HA:8.61 dB,SE = 1.19 dB)。对于轻度倾斜至重度听力损失,与高端助听器相比,OTC-助听器(9.72 dB,SE = 1.20 dB)和 PSAP(7.34 dB,SE = 1.07 dB)在最高和最低频率上具有更大的差异和显著的变异性。一半(三台)的 PSAP 和 OTC-HAs 达到了大多数目标,误差在 ±5 dB 范围内:结论:DTCD 无法达到重度听力损失的规定目标,但可以达到轻度听力损失的规定目标。这项研究对目前的听力设备进行了检查。还需要进行更多的研究,以确定达到规定的目标是否会给 DTCD 设备的结果和性能带来任何好处。
{"title":"Comparing Direct-to-Consumer Devices to Hearing Aids: Amplification Accuracy for Three Types of Hearing Loss.","authors":"Sterling W Sheffield, Molly Jacobs, Charles Ellis, Amber Gerasimchik","doi":"10.1044/2023_AJA-22-00170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2023_AJA-22-00170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration finalized regulations for over-the-counter hearing aids (OTC-HAs) on August 17, 2022. Little is known about the comparative performance of OTC-HAs and prescription HAs. This study compared amplification accuracy of prescription HAs and direct-to-consumer devices (DTCDs, including personal sound amplification products [PSAPs] and OTC-HAs).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eleven devices were programmed to meet prescriptive targets in an acoustic manikin for three degrees of hearing loss. Devices consisted of high- and low-end HAs, PSAPS, and OTC-HAs. Each was tested, and deviations from target measured with an HA analyzer at every combination of 10 frequencies and low-, average-, and high-level inputs. Accuracy was compared using a multilevel Poisson model with device-specific intercepts controlling for input level, frequency, and device type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For mild-moderate hearing loss, deviations from targets were not statistically different between high- and low-end HAs, but PSAPs (5.50 dB, <i>SE</i> = 0.92 dB) and OTC-HAs (8.83 dB, <i>SE</i> = 1.10 dB) had larger differentials. For flat moderate hearing loss, compared to high-end HAs, average differentials were larger for all device types at all input levels and frequencies (Low HA: 3.82 dB, <i>SE</i> = 1.10 dB; PSAP: 9.24 dB, <i>SE</i> = 1.22 dB; OTC-HA: 8.61 dB, <i>SE</i> = 1.19 dB). For mild sloping to severe hearing loss, compared to high-end HAs, OTC-HAs (9.72 dB, <i>SE</i> = 1.20 dB) and PSAPs (7.34 dB, <i>SE</i> = 1.07 dB) had larger differentials and significant variability at the highest and lowest frequencies. Half (three) of the PSAPs and OTC-HAs met most targets within ±5 dB.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DTCDs were unable to meet prescriptive targets for severe types of hearing loss but could meet them for mild hearing loss. This study provides an examination of current hearing devices. More research is needed to determine whether meeting prescriptive targets provides any benefit in the outcomes and performance with DTCD devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extraordinary Speech and Language Outcomes After Auditory Brainstem Implantation: Guidance From a Case Study. 听觉脑干植入术后的特殊言语和语言结果:案例研究指导。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Epub Date: 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00099
Carolyn J Herbert, William G Kronenberger, Kim Wolfert, Rick F Nelson, Charles W Yates, David B Pisoni

Purpose: Large individual differences and poor speech recognition outcomes are routinely observed in most patients who have received auditory brainstem implants (ABIs). A case report of an ABI recipient with exceptionally good speech recognition outcomes presents an opportunity to better understand the core information processing mechanisms that underlie variability and individual differences in outcomes.

Method: A case study is reported of an adult ABI recipient (ID-006) with postlingually acquired, Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2)-related hearing loss who displayed exceptional postoperative speech recognition scores. A novel battery of assessment measures was used to evaluate ID-006's auditory, cognitive, and linguistic information processing skills.

Results: Seventeen years following ABI activation, ID-006 scored 77.6% correct on the AzBio Sentences in quiet. On auditory processing tasks, ID-006 scored higher on tasks with meaningful sentences and much lower on tasks that relied exclusively on audibility. ID-006 also demonstrated exceptionally strong abilities on several cognitive and linguistic information processing tasks.

Conclusions: Results from a novel battery of information processing tests suggest that ID-006 relies extensively on top-down predictive processing and cognitive control strategies to efficiently encode and process auditory information provided by his ABI. Results suggest that current measures of outcomes and benefits should be expanded beyond conventional speech recognition measures to include more sensitive and robust measures of speech recognition as well as neurocognitive measures such as executive function, working memory, and lexical access.

目的:在大多数接受听觉脑干植入物(ABI)的患者中,经常观察到较大的个体差异和较差的语音识别结果。一份ABI接受者具有异常良好的语音识别结果的病例报告提供了一个更好地理解结果可变性和个体差异背后的核心信息处理机制的机会。方法:报告一例成年ABI接受者(ID-006),患有语言后获得性2型神经纤维瘤病(NF2)相关听力损失,术后语音识别评分异常。使用一组新的评估指标来评估ID-006的听觉、认知和语言信息处理技能。结果:ABI激活17年后,ID-006在安静的AzBio句子中的正确率为77.6%。在听觉处理任务中,ID-006在有意义句子的任务中得分较高,而在完全依赖可听性的任务中则得分较低。ID-006在一些认知和语言信息处理任务上也表现出了异常强大的能力。结论:一组新的信息处理测试的结果表明,ID-006广泛依赖自上而下的预测处理和认知控制策略来有效地编码和处理ABI提供的听觉信息。研究结果表明,目前对结果和益处的测量应该超越传统的语音识别测量,包括更敏感和稳健的语音识别度量,以及神经认知测量,如执行功能、工作记忆和词汇访问。
{"title":"Extraordinary Speech and Language Outcomes After Auditory Brainstem Implantation: Guidance From a Case Study.","authors":"Carolyn J Herbert, William G Kronenberger, Kim Wolfert, Rick F Nelson, Charles W Yates, David B Pisoni","doi":"10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00099","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Large individual differences and poor speech recognition outcomes are routinely observed in most patients who have received auditory brainstem implants (ABIs). A case report of an ABI recipient with exceptionally good speech recognition outcomes presents an opportunity to better understand the core information processing mechanisms that underlie variability and individual differences in outcomes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A case study is reported of an adult ABI recipient (ID-006) with postlingually acquired, Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2)-related hearing loss who displayed exceptional postoperative speech recognition scores. A novel battery of assessment measures was used to evaluate ID-006's auditory, cognitive, and linguistic information processing skills.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen years following ABI activation, ID-006 scored 77.6% correct on the AzBio Sentences in quiet. On auditory processing tasks, ID-006 scored higher on tasks with meaningful sentences and much lower on tasks that relied exclusively on audibility. ID-006 also demonstrated exceptionally strong abilities on several cognitive and linguistic information processing tasks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results from a novel battery of information processing tests suggest that ID-006 relies extensively on top-down predictive processing and cognitive control strategies to efficiently encode and process auditory information provided by his ABI. Results suggest that current measures of outcomes and benefits should be expanded beyond conventional speech recognition measures to include more sensitive and robust measures of speech recognition as well as neurocognitive measures such as executive function, working memory, and lexical access.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"761-778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11001425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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American Journal of Audiology
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