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Neuroethics最新文献

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Pharmacological Cognitive Enhancement and Cheapened Achievement: A New Dilemma 药理学认知增强和贬低成就:一个新的困境
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2021-10-28 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-021-09477-5
E. Gordon, Lucy Dunn
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引用次数: 2
DBS and Autonomy: Clarifying the Role of Theoretical Neuroethics. 脑起搏器与自主性:阐明理论神经伦理学的作用。
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 Epub Date: 2019-07-25 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-019-09417-4
Peter Zuk, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz

Gilbert, Viaña, and Ineichen call for further empirical work on the effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on personality, identity, agency, authenticity, autonomy and self (PIAAAS) (Gilbert et al. 2018a). In particular, they emphasize the need for more sophisticated instruments measuring potential changes in PIAAAS. The development of such instruments, they argue, will provide a stronger empirical foundation for theoretical neuroethics work on DBS. We agree with this proposal. However, we believe that theoretical neuroethics has an important role to play in advancing empirical neuroethics that is not emphasized in Gilbert et al.'s remarks on the relationship between empirical and theoretical neuroethics. The development of instruments for more fully assessing changes in PIAAAS will require significant clarification of its component concepts. This task of clarification is the purview of theoretical neuroethics. In this article, we sketch how theoretical neuroethics can clarify the concept of autonomy. We hope that this can both serve as a model for the conceptual clarification of other components of PIAAAS and contribute to the development of the empirical measures that Gilbert and colleagues propose.

Gilbert, Viaña和Ineichen呼吁对脑深部刺激(DBS)对人格、身份、代理、真实性、自主性和自我(PIAAAS)的影响进行进一步的实证研究(Gilbert et al. 2018a)。他们特别强调需要更复杂的仪器来测量PIAAAS的潜在变化。他们认为，这些工具的发展将为DBS的理论神经伦理学工作提供更强大的经验基础。我们同意这个建议。然而，我们认为理论神经伦理学在推进经验神经伦理学方面发挥着重要作用，而吉尔伯特等人对经验神经伦理学和理论神经伦理学之间关系的评论并没有强调这一点。为更充分地评估PIAAAS的变化而开发的工具将需要对其组成概念进行重大澄清。这个澄清的任务是理论神经伦理学的范围。在这篇文章中，我们概述了理论神经伦理学如何阐明自主性的概念。我们希望这既可以作为PIAAAS其他组成部分概念澄清的模型，也有助于吉尔伯特及其同事提出的实证措施的发展。
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引用次数: 15
Correction to: First Epileptic Seizure and Initial Diagnosis of Juvenile Myoclonus Epilepsy (JME) in a Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Study– Ethical Analysis of a Clinical Case 更正:经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)研究中青少年肌阵挛性癫痫(JME)的首次癫痫发作和初步诊断-一个临床病例的伦理分析
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-021-09476-6
Anna Sierawska,Vera Moliadze,Maike Splittgerber,Annette Rogge,Michael Siniatchkin,Alena Buyx
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引用次数: 0
Neuroparenting: the Myths and the Benefits. An Ethical Systematic Review 神经育儿:神话和好处。伦理系统评价
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-021-09474-8
A. Snoek, D. Horstkötter
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引用次数: 0
Towards a Governance Framework for Brain Data 迈向大脑数据的治理框架
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2021-09-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09498-8
M. Ienca, J. Fins, R. Jox, F. Jotterand, S. Voeneky, R. Andorno, T. Ball, C. Castelluccia, Ricardo Chavarriaga, H. Chneiweiss, Agata Ferretti, O. Friedrich, S. Hurst, Grischa Merkel, Fruzsina Molnár-Gábor, Jean-Marc Rickli, J. Scheibner, E. Vayena, Rafael Yuste Philipp Kellmeyer
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引用次数: 20
An Afro-Communitarian Relational Approach to Brain Surrogates Research 脑替代物研究的非社群关系方法
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2021-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-021-09475-7
L. Cordeiro‐Rodrigues, Cornelius Ewuoso
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引用次数: 3
The Impact of Dementia on the Self: Do We Consider Ourselves the Same as Others? 痴呆症对自我的影响：我们认为自己和别人一样吗？
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2021-08-02 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-021-09472-w
Sophia A. Harris, A. Baird, Steve Matthews, J. Kennett, R. Gelding, Celia B. Harris
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引用次数: 0
Forensic Brain-Reading and Mental Privacy in European Human Rights Law: Foundations and Challenges. 欧洲人权法中的法医脑读取和精神隐私：基础与挑战》。
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2020-06-20 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-020-09438-4
Sjors Ligthart, Thomas Douglas, Christoph Bublitz, Tijs Kooijmans, Gerben Meynen

A central question in the current neurolegal and neuroethical literature is how brain-reading technologies could contribute to criminal justice. Some of these technologies have already been deployed within different criminal justice systems in Europe, including Slovenia, Italy, England and Wales, and the Netherlands, typically to determine guilt, legal responsibility, or recidivism risk. In this regard, the question arises whether brain-reading could permissibly be used against the person's will. To provide adequate legal protection from such non-consensual brain-reading in the European legal context, ethicists have called for the recognition of a novel fundamental legal right to mental privacy. In this paper, we explore whether these ethical calls for recognising a novel legal right to mental privacy are necessary in the European context. We argue that a right to mental privacy could be derived from, or at least developed within in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights, and that introducing an additional fundamental right to protect against (forensic) brain-reading is not necessary. What is required, however, is a specification of the implications of existing rights for particular neurotechnologies and purposes.

当前神经法律和神经伦理文献的一个核心问题是读脑技术如何促进刑事司法。在斯洛文尼亚、意大利、英格兰和威尔士以及荷兰等欧洲国家的不同刑事司法系统中，已经部署了其中一些技术，通常用于判定犯罪、法律责任或累犯风险。在这方面出现的问题是，读脑技术是否可以在违背个人意愿的情况下使用。为了在欧洲法律背景下提供足够的法律保护，防止这种未经同意的读脑行为，伦理学家呼吁承认一种新的基本法律权利，即精神隐私权。在本文中，我们将探讨这些从伦理角度呼吁承认新的精神隐私法律权利的呼声在欧洲是否必要。我们认为，精神隐私权可以从欧洲人权法院的判例中衍生出来，或至少在欧洲人权法院的判例中得到发展，因此没有必要引入一项额外的基本权利来防止（法医）读脑。然而，所需要的是明确现有权利对特定神经技术和目的的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Revisiting Moral Bioenhancement and Autonomy 重新审视道德生物强化与自主性
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2021-06-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-021-09470-y
J. Y. Lee
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引用次数: 1
Deterministic Attributions of Behavior: Brain versus Genes 行为的决定性归因：大脑与基因
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-021-09471-x
K. Peters, A. Kalinina, Nastassja M. Downer, Amy Van Elswyk
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引用次数: 1
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