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Neuroethics最新文献

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Neurorights – Do we Need New Human Rights? A Reconsideration of the Right to Freedom of Thought 神经权利——我们需要新的人权吗?对思想自由权的再思考
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09511-0
Nora Hertz
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引用次数: 12
Neurorehabilitation of Offenders, Consent and Consequentialist Ethics 罪犯的神经康复、同意与后果主义伦理学
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09510-1
Francisco Lara
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引用次数: 0
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in Pediatric Populations—– Voices from Typically Developing Children and Adolescents and their Parents 经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）在儿科人群中的应用——来自典型发育中的儿童、青少年及其父母的声音
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2022-11-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09507-w
A. Sierawska, M. Splittgerber, V. Moliadze, M. Siniatchkin, A. Buyx
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引用次数: 1
Present and Emerging Ethical Issues with tDCS use: A Summary and Review 使用tDCS的当前和新出现的伦理问题:总结和回顾
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2022-10-17 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09508-9
Parker Day, Jack Twiddy, Veljko Dubljević
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引用次数: 2
Engagement, Exploitation, and Human Intracranial Electrophysiology Research. 参与、开发和人类颅内电生理研究。
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-13 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09502-1
Michelle T Pham, Nader Pouratian, Ashley Feinsinger

Motivated by exploitation concerns, we argue for the importance of participant engagement in basic human intracranial electrophysiology research. This research takes advantage of unique neurosurgical opportunities to better understand complex systems of the human brain, but it also exposes participants to additional risks without immediate therapeutic intent. We argue that understanding participant values and incorporating their perspectives into the research process may (i) help determine whether and to what extent research practices and the resulting distributions of risks and benefits constitute exploitation and (ii) contribute to building a brain research paradigm that is genuinely responsive to participant values. More broadly, we highlight the importance of paying attention to participant interests in non-therapeutic brain research.

出于开发的考虑，我们认为参与者参与基本的人类颅内电生理学研究的重要性。这项研究利用了独特的神经外科机会来更好地了解人类大脑的复杂系统，但它也使参与者暴露在没有立即治疗意图的额外风险中。我们认为，理解参与者的价值观并将他们的观点纳入研究过程可能(i)有助于确定研究实践以及由此产生的风险和利益分配是否构成剥削，以及在多大程度上构成剥削;(ii)有助于建立一个真正响应参与者价值观的大脑研究范式。更广泛地说，我们强调在非治疗性脑研究中关注参与者兴趣的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Opportunity Cost or Opportunity Lost: An Empirical Assessment of Ethical Concerns and Attitudes of EEG Neurofeedback Users. 机会成本还是机会损失：脑电神经反馈用户的伦理问题和态度的实证评估。
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-23 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09506-x
Louiza Kalokairinou, Rebekah Choi, Ashwini Nagappan, Anna Wexler

Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) neurofeedback is a type of biofeedback that purportedly teaches users how to control their brainwaves. Although neurofeedback is currently offered by thousands of providers worldwide, its provision is contested, as its effectiveness beyond a placebo effect is unproven. While scholars have voiced numerous ethical concerns about neurofeedback-regarding opportunity cost, physical and psychological harms, financial cost, and informed consent-to date these concerns have remained theoretical. This pilot study aimed to provide insights on whether these issues were supported by empirical data from the experiences of neurofeedback users.

Methods: Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with individuals who had used EEG neurofeedback for themselves and/or for a child.

Results: The majority of respondents (N = 36) were female (75%), white (92%), and of higher socioeconomic status relative to the U.S. population. Among adult users (n = 33), most (78.8%) resorted to neurofeedback after having tried other therapies and were satisfied with treatment (81.8%). The majority paid for neurofeedback out-of-pocket (72.7%) and considered it to be good value for money (84.8%). More than half (57.6%) considered neurofeedback to be a scientifically well-established therapy. However, of those, 78.9%were using neurofeedback for indications not adequately supported by scientific evidence.

Conclusion: Concerns regarding opportunity cost, physical and psychological harms, and financial cost are not substantiated by our findings. Our results partially support concerns regarding insufficient understanding of limitations. This study underlines the disconnect between some of the theoretical concerns raised by scholars regarding the use of non-validated therapies and the lived experiences of users.

背景：脑电图（EEG）神经反馈是一种生物反馈，据称是教用户如何控制自己的脑电波。尽管目前全世界有数千家供应商提供神经反馈，但其提供存在争议，因为其有效性超出安慰剂效应尚未得到证实。尽管学者们对神经反馈在机会成本、身体和心理伤害、经济成本以及知情同意方面表达了许多伦理担忧，但迄今为止，这些担忧仍然是理论上的。这项试点研究旨在深入了解神经反馈用户的经验数据是否支持这些问题。方法：对自己和/或孩子使用过脑电图神经反馈的个体进行半结构化电话访谈。结果：大多数受访者（N=36）是女性（75%）、白人（92%），与美国人口相比，他们的社会经济地位更高。在成年用户（n=33）中，大多数（78.8%）在尝试过其他疗法后求助于神经反馈，并对治疗感到满意（81.8%）。大多数人自掏腰包（72.7%）购买神经反馈，认为它物有所值（84.8%）。超过一半（57.6%）的人认为神经反馈是一种科学公认的治疗方法。然而，在这些患者中，78.9%的患者使用神经反馈治疗没有充分科学证据支持的适应症。结论：我们的研究结果没有证实对机会成本、身体和心理伤害以及财务成本的担忧。我们的研究结果部分支持了对局限性理解不足的担忧。这项研究强调了学者们提出的关于使用未经验证的疗法的一些理论问题与使用者的生活体验之间的脱节。
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引用次数: 0
The Unintended Consequences of Chile’s Neurorights Constitutional Reform: Moving beyond Negative Rights to Capabilities 智利神经权利宪法改革的意外后果:超越消极权利到能力
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09504-z
J. Fins
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引用次数: 8
Against Aggression? Revisiting an Overlooked Contender for Moral Bioenhancement 反对侵略?重新审视道德生物增强的一个被忽视的竞争者
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09501-2
Cohen Marcus Lionel Brown
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引用次数: 0
Identifying the Presence of Ethics Concepts in Chronic Pain Research: A Scoping Review of Neuroscience Journals 慢性疼痛研究中伦理学概念的存在:神经科学期刊的范围综述
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2022-06-14 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09499-7
Rajita Sharma, Samuel A. Dale, Sapna Wadhawan, Melanie Anderson, Daniel Z. Buchman
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引用次数: 2
Trust and Psychedelic Moral Enhancement 信任与迷幻道德提升
IF 1.4 4区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS
Neuroethics
Pub Date : 2022-05-25 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09497-9
E. Gordon
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引用次数: 1
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