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Response of science learners to contradicting information: a review of research 科学学习者对矛盾信息的反应研究综述
IF 4.9 2区 教育学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-17 DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2021.2004006
Patrice Potvin
ABSTRACT This article presents a critical and systematic review of the science education research literature that explores the response of learners to contradicting information (anomalous data). The review is framed in the cognitive conflict process model (CCPM) and provides an analysis of (1) the types and frequency of possible responses, (2) the conditions by which cognitive conflict is successfully triggered, and (3) the preliminary conditions that eventually favour conceptual changes. The results conclude, among other things, that anomaly-induced cognitive conflict is rather inefficient if triggered in isolation, without supportive processing activities, or without the initial availability of conceptual alternatives. A prospective synthesis is then provided, supporting Ohlsson’s view of science education activities that concentrate on cognitive utility rather than emphasising on discrediting initial conceptions. A reflection about the integration of such considerations with contemporary issues is also provided.
本文对科学教育研究文献进行了批判性和系统的回顾,探讨了学习者对矛盾信息(异常数据)的反应。该综述以认知冲突过程模型(CCPM)为框架,并分析了(1)可能的反应类型和频率,(2)成功触发认知冲突的条件,以及(3)最终有利于概念变化的初步条件。结果表明,如果在孤立的情况下,没有支持性的加工活动,或者没有最初可获得的概念替代,异常引起的认知冲突是相当低效的。然后提供了一个前瞻性的综合,支持Ohlsson关于科学教育活动的观点,即关注认知效用,而不是强调怀疑最初的概念。本文还提供了对这些考虑与当代问题相结合的反思。
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引用次数: 9
Towards a better understanding of conceptual difficulties in introductory quantum physics courses 更好地理解量子物理入门课程中概念上的困难
IF 4.9 2区 教育学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-10 DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2021.1963579
T. Bouchée, L. de Putter - Smits, M. Thurlings, B. Pepin
ABSTRACT Research on teaching and learning quantum physics (QP) frequently explores students’ conceptual difficulties to identify common patterns in their reasoning. The abstractness of QP is often found to be at the origin of students’ conceptual difficulties. Due to this abstract nature students resort to common sense reasoning or classical thinking when they make meaning of QP phenomena. In this literature review, the ‘abstractness’ is closely investigated and nuanced to uncover what reasons for the abstractness students experience. Four reasons for students’ conceptual difficulties can be categorised under the abstract nature of QP. These reasons are that students struggle a) to relate the mathematical formalism of QP to experiences in the physical world; b) to interpret counterintuitive QP phenomena and concepts; c) to transit from a deterministic to a probabilistic worldview; and d) to understand the limitations of language to express quantum phenomena, concepts, and objects. Combining these four reasons allows us to better understand the origin of conceptual difficulties in QP and why these difficulties persist over time. The implications of these findings for research and teaching practice are discussed.
量子物理教学研究经常探讨学生在推理中识别常见模式的概念困难。QP的抽象性往往是学生概念困难的根源。由于这种抽象性,学生在理解QP现象时会求助于常识推理或经典思维。在这篇文献综述中,对“抽象性”进行了仔细的调查和细致入微的分析,以揭示学生体验到抽象性的原因。在QP的抽象性质下,学生概念困难的四个原因可以分类。这些原因是:学生们努力a)将QP的数学形式与物理世界中的经历联系起来;b) 解释违反直觉的QP现象和概念;c) 从确定性世界观过渡到概率性世界观;以及d)理解语言在表达量子现象、概念和物体方面的局限性。结合这四个原因,我们可以更好地理解QP中概念困难的起源,以及为什么这些困难会随着时间的推移而持续存在。讨论了这些发现对研究和教学实践的启示。
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引用次数: 16
Understanding the conditions informing successful STEM clubs: What does the evidence base tell us? 了解成功的STEM俱乐部的条件:证据基础告诉我们什么?
IF 4.9 2区 教育学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-19 DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2021.1969168
Kate Davis, A. Fitzgerald, M. Power, T. Leach, Neil Martin, Stephanie Piper, Retd Singh, Shelley Dunlop
ABSTRACT STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) clubs are gaining momentum as a means for engaging students in STEM-related activities. Despite this growth, there have been limited attempts to examine the conditions that inform practice in these informal educational spaces. This paper addresses that gap through a comprehensive literature review of empirical and practitioner publications, with a focus on synthesising the approaches that support STEM clubs to be effective learning environments. In total, 33 papers were included in this review. Through a rigorous literature review process, the research team identified a number of key focus areas that support the achievement of learning outcomes and programme sustainability. These focus areas are grouped into three key themes – club management, environment, and program evaluation – that STEM club practitioners should attend to in order to ensure a well-informed approach. Within in each theme a number of sub-dimensions were identified, which provide practical insights and lived examples of how these conditions can be enacted within STEM clubs in ways that speak to quality. The evidence-based findings presented in this paper can be used by practitioners to guide STEM club practice. Further, the paper identifies where research is required to explore contemporary practice in informal education settings.
摘要STEM(科学、技术、工程、数学)俱乐部作为吸引学生参与STEM相关活动的一种手段,势头越来越大。尽管有这种增长,但研究这些非正规教育空间中的实践条件的尝试有限。本文通过对实证和从业者出版物的全面文献综述来解决这一差距,重点是综合支持STEM俱乐部成为有效学习环境的方法。本综述共收录33篇论文。通过严格的文献审查过程,研究小组确定了一些关键的重点领域,这些领域有助于实现学习成果和方案的可持续性。这些重点领域分为三个关键主题——俱乐部管理、环境和项目评估——STEM俱乐部从业者应关注这些主题,以确保采用消息灵通的方法。在每个主题中,都确定了一些子维度,这些子维度提供了实践见解和实例,说明如何在STEM俱乐部中以与质量相关的方式制定这些条件。本文提出的循证研究结果可供从业者用于指导STEM俱乐部实践。此外,本文还确定了在非正规教育环境中探索当代实践需要研究的地方。
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引用次数: 0
A systematic review of computational thinking in science classrooms 科学课堂中计算思维的系统回顾
IF 4.9 2区 教育学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-02 DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2021.1963580
A. Ogegbo, U. Ramnarain
ABSTRACT Computational thinking (CT) has been described as an essential skill that should be learned by everyone and can, therefore, be included in their skill set. Computational thinking uses essential principles in computer science for solving problems, understanding complex systems, and human behaviour. This way of thinking has significant consequences for teaching and learning science subjects at elementary and high school levels. In this review, we analyse and discuss the results from 23 studies and highlight the methodology, different strategies, and assessment practices used to promote the integration of computational thinking within science classrooms. We also give an overview of how computational thinking is being taught in science classrooms and describe tools available for teaching computational thinking in science instruction. Findings showed the value of using modelling-based pedagogy in incorporating key computational thinking skills within science instruction and suggests that educators should deploy effective technology tools to enhance the deductive and inductive teaching of science concepts using computational thinking framework.
摘要计算思维(CT)被描述为一种基本技能,每个人都应该学习,因此可以纳入他们的技能集。计算思维使用计算机科学中的基本原理来解决问题、理解复杂系统和人类行为。这种思维方式对小学和高中的科学科目教学有着重要的影响。在这篇综述中,我们分析和讨论了23项研究的结果,并强调了用于促进科学课堂中计算思维整合的方法、不同策略和评估实践。我们还概述了计算思维是如何在科学课堂上教授的,并描述了在科学教学中教授计算思维的可用工具。研究结果表明,使用基于建模的教学法将关键的计算思维技能纳入科学教学的价值,并建议教育工作者应部署有效的技术工具,使用计算思维框架加强科学概念的演绎和归纳教学。
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引用次数: 20
Supporting Secondary Students’ Morality Development in Science Education 在科学教育中支持中学生的道德发展
IF 4.9 2区 教育学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2021.1944716
Tore van der Leij, Lucy Avraamidou, A. Wals, M. Goedhart
ABSTRACT This review study synthesises 28 empirical research articles emphasising the learning of morality aspects in the context of addressing socioscientific issues (SSI) in secondary science education. The key interrelated questions we seek to address in this study are how morality is conceptualised in the science classroom in the light of emerging sustainability issues and how it can be developed. We used the Four Component Model of Morality to create a knowledge base for how morality has been conceptualised in the literature on secondary science education and how it can be developed. The findings of this review study show that not all studies have used concrete, explicit conceptualisations of morality and that the role of sense of place and the situatedness of morality have often been neglected. It also emerged that studies focusing on students’ moral character and action-taking were underrepresented. We recommend that further research be carried out on the interrelationships between moral character and enacted moral reasoning. The review also reveals a gap between morality research and teaching. Based on the outcomes of this review, we propose a set of recommendations aimed at guiding and encouraging students’ morality within secondary science education.
摘要:本综述综合了28篇实证研究文章,强调在中学科学教育中解决社会科学问题(SSI)背景下的道德方面的学习。在这项研究中,我们试图解决的关键相关问题是,在新兴的可持续性问题的背景下,道德如何在科学课堂上概念化,以及如何发展。我们使用道德的四要素模型来创建一个知识库,以了解中学科学教育文献中道德是如何概念化的,以及如何发展道德。这项回顾研究的结果表明,并非所有的研究都使用了具体、明确的道德概念,而且地点感和道德的情境性的作用经常被忽视。研究还发现,关注学生道德品质和行动的研究被低估了。我们建议对道德品质和既定道德推理之间的相互关系进行进一步的研究。这篇评论还揭示了道德研究与教学之间的差距。基于这一综述的结果,我们提出了一套建议,旨在引导和鼓励学生在中学科学教育中的道德。
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引用次数: 10
The effects of flipped classrooms on K-16 students’ science and math achievement: a systematic review 翻转教室对K-16学生科学和数学成绩的影响:一项系统综述
IF 4.9 2区 教育学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-06-15 DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2021.1933354
G. W. Wright, Soonhye Park
ABSTRACT One response to a pedagogical shift towards student-centred and active learning approaches to promote student learning in STEM is the flipped classroom. However, there has been inconsistency in the design and implementation of the flipped classroom and its impact on student learning. This review systematically analysed 30 empirical studies on flipped classrooms in formal, K-16 science and maths classrooms to understand theoretical underpinnings leading to different approaches to flipped classrooms and the impact of flipped classrooms on student learning in science and maths classrooms. The selected studies were qualitatively analysed, and the results showed that: (1) there is more published literature on the flipped classroom identified in post-secondary science and mathematics classrooms, (2) the design of the flipped classroom is rarely grounded in theoretical frameworks especially in science classrooms, and (3) the flipped classroom has an overall positive effect on students’ science and maths learning. This study highlights the importance of using explicit theoretical frameworks aligned with contemporary learning theories to guide the design, implementation, and evaluation of the flipped classroom. Additionally, there is a need for future research to utilise design-based methodologies to maximise the positive impact of the flipped classroom on student learning.
摘要:翻转课堂是对教学向以学生为中心和积极学习方法转变的一种回应,以促进学生在STEM中的学习。然而,翻转课堂的设计和实施及其对学生学习的影响一直存在不一致之处。这篇综述系统地分析了30项关于正式、K-16科学和数学课堂中翻转课堂的实证研究,以了解导致翻转课堂不同方法的理论基础,以及翻转课堂对学生在科学和数学教室中学习的影响。对所选研究进行了定性分析,结果表明:(1)在中学后科学和数学课堂中,有更多关于翻转课堂的已发表文献,(2)翻转课堂的设计很少以理论框架为基础,尤其是在科学课堂中,(3)翻转课堂对学生的科学和数学学习具有整体的积极影响。本研究强调了使用与当代学习理论相一致的明确理论框架来指导翻转课堂的设计、实施和评估的重要性。此外,未来的研究需要利用基于设计的方法,最大限度地发挥翻转课堂对学生学习的积极影响。
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引用次数: 9
Hand drawing as a tool to facilitate understanding in undergraduate human biology: a critical review of the literature and future perspectives 手绘作为促进大学生理解人类生物学的工具:对文献的批判性回顾和未来展望
IF 4.9 2区 教育学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-08 DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2021.1913321
D. Peart
ABSTRACT Science and drawing have been paired for hundreds of years, and this synergy is still prevalent in research investigating the role of drawing for developing and assessing understanding. However, despite research at the primary and secondary levels of education, there is limited research on whether drawing facilitates learning at the undergraduate level, particularly in human biology. This subject is specifically important to focus on as it can be a core subject on some multidisciplinary programmes that do not require a science background at entry. The literature reviewed in this paper highlights that drawing tasks are well received by students and that they perceive the tasks to be helpful for their understanding. There is also some evidence that it might improve learning. However, this cannot be concluded with confidence due to some limitations with respect to comparison groups, including such a group being absent, using retrospective cohorts as a control, and not controlling for instruction between groups. Furthermore, some of the reported improvements in tests are practically very small. More work is warranted in this area as there is a risk that misconceptions can be passed on to students and between students using this type of teaching activity.
科学和绘画已经结合了数百年,这种协同作用在研究绘画对发展和评估理解的作用方面仍然普遍存在。然而,尽管在小学和中学阶段进行了研究,但关于绘画是否有助于大学阶段的学习,特别是在人类生物学方面,研究有限。这个主题特别重要,因为它可以成为一些多学科课程的核心主题,而这些课程在入学时不需要科学背景。本文回顾的文献强调,绘画任务深受学生欢迎,他们认为这些任务有助于他们的理解。还有一些证据表明,它可能会改善学习。然而,由于比较组的一些限制,这一点不能可靠地得出结论,包括没有这样的组,使用回顾性队列作为对照,并且不控制组之间的指导。此外,报告中的一些测试改进实际上非常小。在这方面需要做更多的工作,因为存在误解可能会传递给学生以及在使用这种教学活动的学生之间的风险。
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引用次数: 2
Characterising immersive argument-based inquiry learning environments in school-based education: a systematic literature review 校本教育中浸入式论证探究学习环境的特征:系统文献综述
IF 4.9 2区 教育学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-13 DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2021.1897931
Kathleen A. Weiss, M. McDermott, B. Hand
ABSTRACT Educational initiatives in multiple disciplinary areas call for student engagement in the practice of argumentation (CCSSI, 2010a, 2010b; Mullis & Martin, 2017; NGSS Lead States, 2013; OECD, 2018). In science education, immersive argument-based inquiry (ABI) is one category of approaches which integrates argumentation in all classroom activity in order to support conceptual understanding in science. Previous research has reported details of specific immersive ABI approaches but has failed to summarise the characteristics common to all approaches categorised this way and the critical components underlying the learning environments supporting these approaches. This study identified common elements of immersive ABI learning environments through a systematic literature review of 16 existing approaches. Open and axial coding led to the identification of three categories of common elements, including student actions, teacher actions, and generative opportunities. Implications and potential steps to build further understanding of the common elements are discussed.
摘要多学科领域的教育举措要求学生参与论证实践(CCSSI,2010a,2010b;Mullis和Martin,2017;NGSS牵头国,2013年;经合组织,2018)。在科学教育中,沉浸式基于论证的探究(ABI)是一类将论证融入所有课堂活动以支持科学概念理解的方法。先前的研究报告了具体的沉浸式ABI方法的细节,但未能总结出所有以这种方式分类的方法的共同特征,以及支持这些方法的学习环境的关键组成部分。本研究通过对16种现有方法的系统文献综述,确定了沉浸式ABI学习环境的常见元素。开放和轴向编码导致了三类常见元素的识别,包括学生行为、教师行为和生成机会。讨论了建立对共同要素的进一步理解的含义和潜在步骤。
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引用次数: 12
What you find depends on how you see: examining asset and deficit perspectives of preservice science teachers’ knowledge and learning 你的发现取决于你如何看待:检查职前科学教师的知识和学习的资产和赤字视角
IF 4.9 2区 教育学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2021.1897932
Ron E. Gray, Scott P. McDonald, David Stroupe
ABSTRACT This article explores how scholars have framed studies of preservice science teacher (PST) knowledge and learning over the past twelve years. We examined relevant studies between 2008 and 2020, coding them by theoretical perspective (cognitive or sociocultural), knowledge perspective (deficit or asset), and teaching level (elementary, secondary, or both) of the PSTs in the study. We found patterns between knowledge and theoretical perspective use, perspective use over time, and differences between studies of elementary and secondary level PSTs. We conclude with a proposed model of theoretical and knowledge perspectives as seen in the reviewed studies as well as further questions for the field.
摘要本文探讨了在过去的十二年里,学者们是如何对职前科学教师的知识和学习进行研究的。我们检查了2008年至2020年间的相关研究,根据研究中PST的理论视角(认知或社会文化)、知识视角(赤字或资产)和教学水平(小学、中学或两者)对其进行编码。我们发现了知识和理论视角使用之间的模式,视角使用随时间的变化,以及小学和中学PST研究之间的差异。最后,我们提出了一个理论和知识视角的模型,如回顾的研究所示,以及该领域的进一步问题。
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引用次数: 9
A bibliometric and descriptive analysis of inclusive education in science education 科学教育中全纳教育的文献计量与描述性分析
IF 4.9 2区 教育学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-07 DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2021.1897930
M. W. Comarú, Renato Matos Lopes, L. Braga, Fábio Batista Mota, Cecília Galvão
ABSTRACT This article aims to map the scientific production concerning the inclusion of people with disabilities in Science Education to promote a reflection on the production of this area. Bibliometric analysis is used to help understand what stage of research a particular subject is at. Publications on the topic indexed at the Web of Science Core Collection (WoS) were evaluated. A total of 119 articles published between 2009 and July 2019 were selected as dealing specifically with the subject. An increase in the number of articles associating Science teaching (ST) and Inclusive Education (IE) was noted. The journals that published the most, the most productive authors in the area and their collaboration networks were identified. A content analysis of the research was also carried out and the main investigated topics were pointed out. Educational levels, types of disabilities, central themes and specific science areas prevailing in the mapped research were also indicated. We conclude that, despite the growing number of articles, scientific production associating SE and IE is still small, concentrated, and not shared with the scientific community through scientific education journals, and that most research is focused on the use of methodologies and resources, and not on their development.
摘要本文旨在绘制残疾人科学教育的科学生产图谱,以促进对这一领域生产的反思。文献计量学分析用于帮助理解某一特定主题所处的研究阶段。在Web of Science Core Collection (WoS)索引中对该主题的出版物进行了评估。2009年至2019年7月期间发表的119篇文章被选为专门讨论该主题的文章。注意到,将科学教学(ST)和全纳教育(IE)联系起来的文章数量有所增加。确定了发表论文最多的期刊,该领域最多产的作者及其合作网络。并对研究内容进行了分析,指出了研究的主要课题。还指出了教育水平、残疾类型、中心主题和地图研究中普遍存在的具体科学领域。我们得出的结论是,尽管文章数量不断增加,但与SE和IE相关的科学成果仍然很少,而且集中,没有通过科学教育期刊与科学界分享,而且大多数研究都集中在方法和资源的使用上,而不是它们的发展。
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引用次数: 21
期刊
Studies in Science Education
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