Pub Date : 2016-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2015.1112471
M. M. Cheng, Z. Wan
Abstract Chinese students’ excellent science performance in large-scale international comparisons contradicts the stereotype of the Chinese non-productive classroom learning environment and learners. Most of the existing explanations of this paradox are provided from the perspective of teaching and learning in a general sense, but little work can be found which systematically summarises the findings from the research on Chinese science learners and their science learning so as to explain the paradox. In this paper, a total of 25 empirical quantitative studies, whose sample sizes range from 132 to 8815, published between 1987 and 2014, are reviewed. Three aspects are explored: students’ science learning strategies, attitudes towards learning science and their scientific epistemological views. In addition to summarising the results reported in these studies, efforts are made to link them with the paradox of the Chinese learners, and to generate some hypotheses to resolve it. Finally, directions for further research are suggested.
{"title":"Unpacking the paradox of Chinese science learners: insights from research into Asian Chinese school students’ attitudes towards learning science, science learning strategies, and scientific epistemological views","authors":"M. M. Cheng, Z. Wan","doi":"10.1080/03057267.2015.1112471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2015.1112471","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chinese students’ excellent science performance in large-scale international comparisons contradicts the stereotype of the Chinese non-productive classroom learning environment and learners. Most of the existing explanations of this paradox are provided from the perspective of teaching and learning in a general sense, but little work can be found which systematically summarises the findings from the research on Chinese science learners and their science learning so as to explain the paradox. In this paper, a total of 25 empirical quantitative studies, whose sample sizes range from 132 to 8815, published between 1987 and 2014, are reviewed. Three aspects are explored: students’ science learning strategies, attitudes towards learning science and their scientific epistemological views. In addition to summarising the results reported in these studies, efforts are made to link them with the paradox of the Chinese learners, and to generate some hypotheses to resolve it. Finally, directions for further research are suggested.","PeriodicalId":49262,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Science Education","volume":"11 1","pages":"29 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03057267.2015.1112471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59315263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2015.1078019
Yuliya Ardasheva, Lori A. Norton-Meier, B. Hand
In this review, we explore the notion of teaching science to English language learners (ELLs) as a balancing act between simultaneously focusing on language and content development, on the one hand, and between structuring instruction and focusing on student learning processes, on the other hand. This exploration is conducted through the lens of a theoretical framework embedded in the Science Writing Heuristic approach, an approach exemplifying immersive orientation to argument-based inquiry. Three learning processes (learning through the language of science, learning about the language of science and living the language of science) and three classroom structures (collective zone of proximal development, symmetric power and trust relationships and teacher as decision-maker) are explored in relation to learning theories and empirical findings from second language acquisition and science, multicultural and teacher education bodies of work. Three themes – negotiation, embeddedness and non-threatening learning environments – to inform ELL science education emerged from the review.
{"title":"Negotiation, embeddedness, and non-threatening learning environments as themes of science and language convergence for English language learners","authors":"Yuliya Ardasheva, Lori A. Norton-Meier, B. Hand","doi":"10.1080/03057267.2015.1078019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2015.1078019","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, we explore the notion of teaching science to English language learners (ELLs) as a balancing act between simultaneously focusing on language and content development, on the one hand, and between structuring instruction and focusing on student learning processes, on the other hand. This exploration is conducted through the lens of a theoretical framework embedded in the Science Writing Heuristic approach, an approach exemplifying immersive orientation to argument-based inquiry. Three learning processes (learning through the language of science, learning about the language of science and living the language of science) and three classroom structures (collective zone of proximal development, symmetric power and trust relationships and teacher as decision-maker) are explored in relation to learning theories and empirical findings from second language acquisition and science, multicultural and teacher education bodies of work. Three themes – negotiation, embeddedness and non-threatening learning environments – to inform ELL science education emerged from the review.","PeriodicalId":49262,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Science Education","volume":"51 1","pages":"201 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2015-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03057267.2015.1078019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59315229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2014.952154
Elizabeth B. Lewis
{"title":"Seeking research-enhanced geoscience outreach that complements subject knowledge with pedagogical expertise","authors":"Elizabeth B. Lewis","doi":"10.1080/03057267.2014.952154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2014.952154","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49262,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Science Education","volume":"51 1","pages":"251 - 256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2015-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03057267.2014.952154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59315413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-26DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2015.1049444
N. Belova, Shu-Nu Chang Rundgren, I. Eilks
We are living in an increasingly diverse media landscape, with advertising a significant part of this. There appears to be unanimous agreement that the ability to critically examine and make rational decisions about advertising is indispensable for contemporary citizens. Students need to develop critical thinking skills in order to evaluate messages and facts drawn from advertisements in various media. They also need to be familiar with the hidden mechanisms used to create advertisements with the goal of subconsciously influencing consumers. Today, advertising for many products has strong scientific and technological components. However, learning both with and about advertising does not play a prominent role in the science education literature. To date, the use of advertising as educational content is found almost exclusively in the humanities and social sciences, especially language education. On the other hand, there is an extensive body of research on the effects of advertising on children, consumer socialization as well as marketing strategies aimed at young consumers. The results indicate that advertising has a strong impact on children’s beliefs and perceptions which already starts at an early stage. Therefore, this paper attempts to analyse the potential use of and learning about advertising in science education. It reviews the available literature, not only from science education, but also from other domains, including non-science subjects, cross-curricular approaches as well as research on the use and effects of advertising in the public arena. The aim is to identify the potential roles advertising might play in the science classroom and to open up new directions for science education research and curriculum development.
{"title":"Advertising and science education: a multi-perspective review of the literature","authors":"N. Belova, Shu-Nu Chang Rundgren, I. Eilks","doi":"10.1080/03057267.2015.1049444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2015.1049444","url":null,"abstract":"We are living in an increasingly diverse media landscape, with advertising a significant part of this. There appears to be unanimous agreement that the ability to critically examine and make rational decisions about advertising is indispensable for contemporary citizens. Students need to develop critical thinking skills in order to evaluate messages and facts drawn from advertisements in various media. They also need to be familiar with the hidden mechanisms used to create advertisements with the goal of subconsciously influencing consumers. Today, advertising for many products has strong scientific and technological components. However, learning both with and about advertising does not play a prominent role in the science education literature. To date, the use of advertising as educational content is found almost exclusively in the humanities and social sciences, especially language education. On the other hand, there is an extensive body of research on the effects of advertising on children, consumer socialization as well as marketing strategies aimed at young consumers. The results indicate that advertising has a strong impact on children’s beliefs and perceptions which already starts at an early stage. Therefore, this paper attempts to analyse the potential use of and learning about advertising in science education. It reviews the available literature, not only from science education, but also from other domains, including non-science subjects, cross-curricular approaches as well as research on the use and effects of advertising in the public arena. The aim is to identify the potential roles advertising might play in the science classroom and to open up new directions for science education research and curriculum development.","PeriodicalId":49262,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Science Education","volume":"51 1","pages":"169 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2015-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03057267.2015.1049444","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59315179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-06-18DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2015.1049843
Richard Brock
Tacit knowledge, that is knowledge not expressible in words, may play a role in learning science, yet it is difficult to study directly. Intuition and insight, two processes that link the tacit and the explicit, are proposed as a route to investigating tacit knowledge. Intuitions are defined as tacit hunches or feelings that influence thought with little conscious effort. This paper examines conceptualisations of intuition as embodied cognition, and as abstracted rules before examining reports of intuition in the work of scientists and in science education. Insight is described as an explicit awareness of novel relations between concepts that arrives with little conscious control. Insight is related to rapid conceptual change and the development of conceptual connections. Reports of insight in the work of scientists and in the science classroom are discussed. The manner in which insight and intuition may promote and hinder learning is considered and conditions that affect the use of both processes are suggested. Strategies that might encourage students’ use of intuition and insight in the classroom are proposed. The paper concludes with a call for a greater focus on the concept of tacit knowledge in science education and suggests areas for future research.
{"title":"Intuition and insight: two concepts that illuminate the tacit in science education","authors":"Richard Brock","doi":"10.1080/03057267.2015.1049843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2015.1049843","url":null,"abstract":"Tacit knowledge, that is knowledge not expressible in words, may play a role in learning science, yet it is difficult to study directly. Intuition and insight, two processes that link the tacit and the explicit, are proposed as a route to investigating tacit knowledge. Intuitions are defined as tacit hunches or feelings that influence thought with little conscious effort. This paper examines conceptualisations of intuition as embodied cognition, and as abstracted rules before examining reports of intuition in the work of scientists and in science education. Insight is described as an explicit awareness of novel relations between concepts that arrives with little conscious control. Insight is related to rapid conceptual change and the development of conceptual connections. Reports of insight in the work of scientists and in the science classroom are discussed. The manner in which insight and intuition may promote and hinder learning is considered and conditions that affect the use of both processes are suggested. Strategies that might encourage students’ use of intuition and insight in the classroom are proposed. The paper concludes with a call for a greater focus on the concept of tacit knowledge in science education and suggests areas for future research.","PeriodicalId":49262,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Science Education","volume":"51 1","pages":"127 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2015-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03057267.2015.1049843","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59315191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2014.984506
K. McElhaney, Hsin‐Yi Chang, Jennifer L. Chiu, M. Linn
Dynamic visualisations capture aspects of scientific phenomena that are difficult to communicate in static materials and benefit from well-designed scaffolds to succeed in classrooms. We review research to clarify the impacts of dynamic visualisations and to identify instructional scaffolds that mediate their success. We use meta-analysis to synthesise 47 independent comparisons between dynamic and static materials and 76 comparisons that test the effect of specific instructional scaffolds. These studies show that dynamic visualisations are better than static visuals at promoting conceptual inferences about science, consistent with the success of inquiry instruction in science. To realise this potential of dynamic visualisations, instruction needs to help students use the dynamic visualisation to make sense of their own ideas. Scaffolds that are most successful include prompts for reflection, prompts to distinguish among parts of the visualisation, visual cues that identify salient features, multiple visualisations presented sequentially, and interactive features that govern the pacing of activities. We extract guidelines from this research to help researchers plan future studies of visualisations, designers create and refine instructional materials using visualisations, and practitioners customise instruction that features visualisations.
{"title":"Evidence for effective uses of dynamic visualisations in science curriculum materials","authors":"K. McElhaney, Hsin‐Yi Chang, Jennifer L. Chiu, M. Linn","doi":"10.1080/03057267.2014.984506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2014.984506","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic visualisations capture aspects of scientific phenomena that are difficult to communicate in static materials and benefit from well-designed scaffolds to succeed in classrooms. We review research to clarify the impacts of dynamic visualisations and to identify instructional scaffolds that mediate their success. We use meta-analysis to synthesise 47 independent comparisons between dynamic and static materials and 76 comparisons that test the effect of specific instructional scaffolds. These studies show that dynamic visualisations are better than static visuals at promoting conceptual inferences about science, consistent with the success of inquiry instruction in science. To realise this potential of dynamic visualisations, instruction needs to help students use the dynamic visualisation to make sense of their own ideas. Scaffolds that are most successful include prompts for reflection, prompts to distinguish among parts of the visualisation, visual cues that identify salient features, multiple visualisations presented sequentially, and interactive features that govern the pacing of activities. We extract guidelines from this research to help researchers plan future studies of visualisations, designers create and refine instructional materials using visualisations, and practitioners customise instruction that features visualisations.","PeriodicalId":49262,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Science Education","volume":"51 1","pages":"49 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2015-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03057267.2014.984506","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59315074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2014.889894
N. Mercer
{"title":"Will psychological and sociological perspectives on science education ever be integrated?","authors":"N. Mercer","doi":"10.1080/03057267.2014.889894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2014.889894","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49262,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Science Education","volume":"51 1","pages":"125 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2015-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03057267.2014.889894","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59315297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2014.980559
J. Luft, Shannon L. Dubois, Ryan S. Nixon, Benjamin K. Campbell
National standards for teachers are becoming more common. For newly hired teachers of science (NHTS), these standards have implications for how they are prepared and supported in their early years. In order to guide educators who prepare and study teachers of science and support NHTS, this review examines 30 years of research pertaining to teachers of science in their first five years of teaching. An examination of several national standards documents resulted in six broad areas that frame this review: Content and Curricular Knowledge, Learners and Learning, Professional Practice and Learning Environments, Equity, Assessment and Professionalism. It is evident from the review of identified articles that NHTS are capable of much more than has been envisioned and discussed previously, and that they are in a unique period in which their knowledge and abilities are being modified rapidly. This review points to the need for well-configured induction programmes, and the importance of the alignment between initial certification programmes and induction programmes. Finally, this review suggests several areas that are in need of study, such as how NHTS build their knowledge about learners and learning, and assessment. This review begins to fill the ‘gap’ in our understanding of science teacher development by specifically examining NHTS.
{"title":"Supporting newly hired teachers of science: attaining teacher professional standards","authors":"J. Luft, Shannon L. Dubois, Ryan S. Nixon, Benjamin K. Campbell","doi":"10.1080/03057267.2014.980559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2014.980559","url":null,"abstract":"National standards for teachers are becoming more common. For newly hired teachers of science (NHTS), these standards have implications for how they are prepared and supported in their early years. In order to guide educators who prepare and study teachers of science and support NHTS, this review examines 30 years of research pertaining to teachers of science in their first five years of teaching. An examination of several national standards documents resulted in six broad areas that frame this review: Content and Curricular Knowledge, Learners and Learning, Professional Practice and Learning Environments, Equity, Assessment and Professionalism. It is evident from the review of identified articles that NHTS are capable of much more than has been envisioned and discussed previously, and that they are in a unique period in which their knowledge and abilities are being modified rapidly. This review points to the need for well-configured induction programmes, and the importance of the alignment between initial certification programmes and induction programmes. Finally, this review suggests several areas that are in need of study, such as how NHTS build their knowledge about learners and learning, and assessment. This review begins to fill the ‘gap’ in our understanding of science teacher development by specifically examining NHTS.","PeriodicalId":49262,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Science Education","volume":"51 1","pages":"1 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2015-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03057267.2014.980559","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59315510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2013.871915
K. D. Tan
{"title":"Writing for teachers: tensions between theory and practice","authors":"K. D. Tan","doi":"10.1080/03057267.2013.871915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2013.871915","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49262,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Science Education","volume":"51 1","pages":"121 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2015-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03057267.2013.871915","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59314726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03057267.2014.1001629
J. Ryder
The science curriculum is a focus of repeated reform in many countries. However, the enactment of such reforms within schools rarely reflects the intended outcomes of curriculum designers. This review considers what we know about the experiences and reflections of teachers in the enactment of externally driven school science curriculum reform. ‘Externally driven’ signals a focus on studies of teachers who did not make a proactive choice to adopt a particular curriculum reform initiative. This is a very common experience for teachers in many school systems, and one likely to highlight issues of professionalism and authority that are central to the work of teachers. The review analyses 34 relevant studies. These include studies of teachers’ experiences of national curriculum reform, and also studies focusing on more regional or local curriculum reform activities. The studies examine individual teachers’ beliefs, practices and reflections associated with curriculum reform, the response of teacher communities to reform (e.g. within school departments), and teachers’ (and other stakeholders’) experiences across school systems. A wide range of factors influencing teachers’ responses are identified. These are characterised in terms of personal, internal and external contexts of teachers’ work. The review also highlights issues of authority, professionalism and the process of meaning-making in response to external curriculum reform. The discussion section identifies important areas for future research and gives recommendations for the design of curriculum policies that recognise and support the professionalism of science teachers.
{"title":"Being professional: accountability and authority in teachers’ responses to science curriculum reform","authors":"J. Ryder","doi":"10.1080/03057267.2014.1001629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2014.1001629","url":null,"abstract":"The science curriculum is a focus of repeated reform in many countries. However, the enactment of such reforms within schools rarely reflects the intended outcomes of curriculum designers. This review considers what we know about the experiences and reflections of teachers in the enactment of externally driven school science curriculum reform. ‘Externally driven’ signals a focus on studies of teachers who did not make a proactive choice to adopt a particular curriculum reform initiative. This is a very common experience for teachers in many school systems, and one likely to highlight issues of professionalism and authority that are central to the work of teachers. The review analyses 34 relevant studies. These include studies of teachers’ experiences of national curriculum reform, and also studies focusing on more regional or local curriculum reform activities. The studies examine individual teachers’ beliefs, practices and reflections associated with curriculum reform, the response of teacher communities to reform (e.g. within school departments), and teachers’ (and other stakeholders’) experiences across school systems. A wide range of factors influencing teachers’ responses are identified. These are characterised in terms of personal, internal and external contexts of teachers’ work. The review also highlights issues of authority, professionalism and the process of meaning-making in response to external curriculum reform. The discussion section identifies important areas for future research and gives recommendations for the design of curriculum policies that recognise and support the professionalism of science teachers.","PeriodicalId":49262,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Science Education","volume":"51 1","pages":"120 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2015-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03057267.2014.1001629","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59315270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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