Health & Place最新文献

{"title":"Combined associations of takeaway food availability and walkability with adiposity: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses","authors":"Richard Patterson ,&nbsp;David Ogilvie ,&nbsp;Jody C. Hoenink ,&nbsp;Thomas Burgoine ,&nbsp;Stephen J. Sharp ,&nbsp;Samantha Hajna ,&nbsp;Jenna Panter","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diet and physical activity are important determinants of energy balance, body weight and chronic health conditions. Peoples’ health and behaviour are shaped by their environment. For example, the availability of unhealthy takeaway food in residential neighbourhoods and the ability to easily walk to a range of local destinations (high “walkability”) influence diets and physical activity levels. Most existing evidence on the associations between residential neighbourhood and adiposity is cross-sectional and examines either walkability or takeaway availability, but not both in combination.We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of residential neighbourhood walkability and takeaway food availability with markers of adiposity separately and combined.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>With data from the Fenland Study (Cambridgeshire, UK; n = 12,435), we used linear regression to estimate associations for walkability and takeaway availability separately and in mutually adjusted models, in addition to combining both into a measure of neighbourhood supportiveness for active living and healthy eating. Objective measures of BMI were examined cross-sectionally at baseline (2005–2015) and as change between baseline and follow-up (2014–2020). Additional outcomes (percentage body fat, waist circumference and hip circumference) were also examined both cross-sectionally and longitudinally.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Complete case analyses indicated that neighbourhoods with greater walkability and lower takeaway availability were associated with lower BMI (n = 10,607) and more favourable trends over time (n = 5508). For example, compared with the lowest exposure group (Q1), Q4 of walkability and takeaway food availability was associated with a difference in BMI of −0.69 kg/m² (95% CI = −1.09 to −0.29) and 0.99 kg/m² (95% CI = 0.58 to 1.39) respectively. These associations were more consistent when both neighbourhood measures were included in mutually adjusted models. The combined supportiveness measure was associated with lower BMI. High walkability and low takeaway availability were also associated with lower body fat percentage, waist circumference and hip circumference.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings are consistent with the residential environment having a role in shaping people's health and behaviour. Living in an area that supports walking and cycling and affords less access to unhealthy food may support people to maintain a healthy lifestyle. It was important to consider walkability and takeaway food availability together because to examine them separately risks unobserved confounding by the other. Future research could incorporate additional environmental measures, especially those likely to be correlated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between neighbourhood socioeconomic status and parental mental health in the first years after birth – Cross-sectional results from the SKKIPPI project","authors":"Marie Bolster ,&nbsp;Julia Fricke ,&nbsp;Thomas Reinhold ,&nbsp;Lars Kuchinke ,&nbsp;Christiane Ludwig-Körner ,&nbsp;Franziska Schlensog-Schuster ,&nbsp;Thomas Keil ,&nbsp;Anne Berghöfer ,&nbsp;Stephanie Roll","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The urban environment can influence mental health. However, research on neighbourhood influences on mental health of parents with young children is sparse. This study aimed to analyse the association between neighbourhood socioeconomic status (SES) and mental health outcomes in urban parents in the first years after birth.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 4707 parents of young children who participated in the SKKIPPI cohort study in Berlin. Data on mental health outcomes (symptoms of depression, anxiety, or both, measured via PHQ- 4) and individual risk factors stemmed from an online questionnaire and were matched with neighbourhood level data from the Berlin Senate Department for Urban Development and Housing. Neighbourhood status (exposure) was categorized in 4 SES categories: high, medium, low, and very low. We use propensity scores to estimate the probability to live in each neighbourhood category to reduce the risk of bias due to neighbourhood self-selection. Binominal generalised linear mixed models with propensity score adjustment were used to estimate the association between neighbourhood SES and symptoms of depression, anxiety, or both.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 9.3% of parents showed depressive, 10.3% anxiety, and 5.3% both symptoms. The occurrence of mental health problems was lowest in neighbourhoods with high SES and highest in neighbourhoods with low/very low SES. The association between neighbourhood SES and mental health outcomes seen in unadjusted regression models disappeared when models were adjusted for individual risk factors/neighbourhood self-selection using propensity scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We found no association between neighbourhood SES and mental health outcomes in parents in the first years after birth after adjusting for neighbourhood selection. Nevertheless, the unadjusted findings suggest that the occurrence of individual risk factors and mental health problems was highest in neighbourhoods with low/very low SES, which should be focus for social and preventive health measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban density and child health and wellbeing: A scoping review of the literature","authors":"Luy Dau ,&nbsp;Paula Barros ,&nbsp;Elizelle Juanee Cilliers ,&nbsp;Bronwyn Hemsley ,&nbsp;Michael Martin ,&nbsp;Monica Lakhanpaul ,&nbsp;Melody Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This scoping review explores the relationship between urban density and child health and wellbeing, focusing on how urban density has been measured and its association with various child health outcomes. By analysing 53 studies spanning from 1972 to 2023, we identify significant variability in how urban density is defined and measured and mixed evidence regarding its relationship with different child health outcomes. We also highlight context-specific findings, which may be connected to a range of dynamic and interconnected local and socio-cultural factors. While most studies showed mixed or inconclusive results for physical health and mental health and wellbeing, some consistent findings were observed for positive associations between urban density and growth and nutritional status in studies from Asia and Africa, and for negative impacts on child development in studies from Europe and North America. The review highlights the need for improved reporting standards, consistent terminology, and context-specific approaches to better understand and address the complex interplay between urban density and child health. It underscores the importance of considering broader social determinants and the unique experiences of children within urban environments for improved policy, practice and placemaking, advocating for participatory research methods to capture children's perspectives on urban density.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling time-varying spatial accessibility to healthcare: A system dynamic approach","authors":"Liang Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spatial accessibility to healthcare is essential for policymakers to identify health disparities and develop targeted interventions. Current modeling approaches poorly capture temporal dynamics of contributing factors, and few have represented dynamic interactions among these factors. Further, validating current models is hindered by data limitations and methodological challenges. To fill these gaps, I propose a new modeling approach that produces time-varying and empirically validated measures of healthcare accessibility. Specifically, I develop a system dynamic model to represent interplay between population demand and healthcare supply over time. The model simultaneously estimated people's potential accessibility to healthcare and their utilization over time and space, then validated these estimates with actual hospitalization data. To illustrate the model's practical use, a working prototype was constructed to estimate and validate healthcare accessibility by day and by ZIP code in Florida, USA, during a disease outbreak in 2022-23. The results indicate that system dynamic modeling offers a robust framework for monitoring healthcare accessibility fluctuations across regions and time periods, thereby guiding the development of timely and targeted interventions to reduce disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographical variation in the long-arm of childhood","authors":"Emily C. Dore","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scholars have documented the lasting impact of childhood socioeconomic status (SES) on health, but few studies have considered how state contexts in childhood shape health trajectories based on childhood SES across the life course. The current project uses data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, 2009–2021 (N = 18,227 person-year observations of adults aged 18–41) to build on these studies by 1) examining state variation in the relationship between childhood SES and adult self-rated health, and 2) assessing the contributions of childhood state-level economic context in moderating this relationship. Logistic regression models first confirmed the expected relationship between childhood SES and adult self-rated health that parallels other literature (OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.46, 2.19). Of the 37 states included in the analysis, there was a statistically significant difference in reporting poor health between low and high-childhood SES groups in 14 states. The interaction between childhood SES and state-level income inequality (OR = .01, 95% CI -9.77, −.62), suggests that exposure to higher levels of income inequality in childhood was more harmful for the health of individuals from higher SES backgrounds. The interaction between childhood SES and unemployment rates (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.03, 1.24), suggests that exposure to higher unemployment rates in childhood was more harmful for the health of individuals from lower SES backgrounds. This study finds important state-variation in the relationship between childhood SES and adult health and identifies income inequality and unemployment rates as factors in these differences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143043880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-constraint Monte Carlo Simulation approach to downscaling cancer data","authors":"Lingbo Liu ,&nbsp;Lauren Cowan ,&nbsp;Fahui Wang ,&nbsp;Tracy Onega","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employs an innovative multi-constraint Monte Carlo simulation method to estimate suppressed county-level cancer counts for population subgroups and extend the downscaling from county to ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTA) in the U.S. Given the known cancer counts at a higher geographic level and larger demographic groups at the same geographic level as constraints, this method uses the population structure as probability in the Monte Carlo simulation process to estimate suppressed data entries. It not only ensures consistency across various data levels but also accounts for demographic structure that drives varying cancer risks. The 2016–2020 cancer incidence data from the Utah Cancer Registry is used to validate our approach. The method yields results with high precision and consistency across the full urban-rural continuum, and significantly outperforms several machine-learning models such as Random Forest and Extreme Gradient Boosting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103411"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighbourhood social cohesion, loneliness and multimorbidity: Evidence from a UK longitudinal panel study","authors":"Laurence Rowley-Abel ,&nbsp;Chunyu Zheng ,&nbsp;Kimberly More ,&nbsp;Eleojo Abubakar ,&nbsp;Chris Dibben ,&nbsp;Jamie R. Pearce ,&nbsp;Alan Marshall","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of population ageing, multimorbidity is an increasingly prevalent public health issue that has a substantial impact on both individuals and healthcare systems. Alongside the literature looking at risk factors at the individual level, there is a growing body of research examining the role of neighbourhoods in the development of multimorbidity. However, most of this work has focused on physical features of place such as air pollution and green space, while social features of place have been largely overlooked. In this study, we therefore explored neighbourhood cohesion as a social neighbourhood characteristic that could influence multimorbidity risk. Additionally, we analysed how loneliness may help to explain any relationship between neighbourhood cohesion and multimorbidity, given the emergence of loneliness as an important risk factor for multimorbidity in individual-level studies. Using Understanding Society, a UK household longitudinal panel study of approximately 40,000 households, we conducted both multilevel cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to model these relationships. We found that there is a substantial association between greater neighbourhood cohesion and lower multimorbidity risk (odds ratio (OR) for second most cohesive quintile versus least cohesive quintile = 0.75, p &lt; .01), even after controlling for a wide range of socio-economic factors, health behaviours and physical features of place. This cross-sectional result was confirmed by longitudinal analysis of individuals with no health conditions at baseline who moved between neighbourhoods over a nine-year follow-up period. Movers who experienced a decrease in cohesion had greater odds of becoming multimorbid compared to movers who did not experience a decrease in cohesion (OR = 1.68, p = .057). Controlling for loneliness substantially attenuates the odds ratios for neighbourhood cohesion, and in a mediation analysis we found a significant indirect effect of neighbourhood cohesion on multimorbidity risk acting through loneliness, suggesting it is a plausible mechanism through which the social environment influences the development of multiple long-term health conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between neighborhood disadvantage and cannabis retail density: A multi-measure analysis","authors":"Lindsay Kephart ,&nbsp;Vaughan W. Rees ,&nbsp;S.V. Subramanian ,&nbsp;Daniel P. Giovenco","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>There is growing interest in the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and increased cannabis retail density, driven by evidence suggesting higher density is associated with increased cannabis use. Yet little is known on how this relationship varies across different measures of cannabis retail density. This study explores how measures of neighborhood advantage and disadvantage relate to four cannabis retail density measures in the US.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data on licensed recreational cannabis retailers (n = 5586) were obtained from 18 state agency websites, geocoded, and spatially joined to 3369 census tracts to calculate four retail density measures: count per tract, cannabis retailers per 1000 population, per square mile, and per 10 miles of roadway. Multilevel regression models assessed the association between three Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE) measures—capturing tract concentration of racial and economic advantage/disadvantage—and the four cannabis retail density measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Census tracts with the highest concentrations of economic and racialized/economic disadvantage exhibited greater odds of increased cannabis retail density across all measures, compared to tracts with the highest concentration of advantage. Tracts with the greatest concentration of racialized populations did not show a higher count or density per population but did exhibit higher density per square mile and per roadway.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>On average, cannabis retail density is higher in neighborhoods with the greatest structural disadvantage. Researchers, public health agencies, and policymakers should use multiple measures of cannabis retailer density in surveillance and evaluation efforts to identify policy strategies that would most effectively reduce the clustering of cannabis retailers in areas primarily occupied by low-income or racialized populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who goes foraging in Bristol, UK and why? A qualitative investigation into wild food acquisition and food justice","authors":"Ruth Sharman","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, foraging for wild foods has grown in popularity in cities. Globally, urban foragers are diverse; motivations span contribution to the food basket, healthier living, and accessing urban nature. Research to date highlights ease of access across socio-demographic groups. There is little empirical evidence in the UK on how social identity intersects with the practices and meanings of foraging: who forages, what motivates them, and how are questions of equity understood? This paper takes a case study from Bristol (UK) to explore how foragers describe their motivations, their own and others social identities, and challenges of equitable access.</div><div>Data were generated from fieldwork with a foraging group and qualitative walking interviews (n = 15) in foraging locations. Qualitative thematic analysis identified three key themes; social identity, motivation and food justice.</div><div>Foraging in Bristol was framed as a lifestyle pursuit by the largely (self-identified) middle-class participants. Reported motivations centre on improving health through ‘nature cure’, exercising individual agency in food provision, and environmentalism. The rationales for foraging suggest subtle class distinctions in relation to food choices, and participants identify knowledge and experiential limitations, and sociocultural factors, as contributing to others' lack of access.</div><div>Findings contribute to the literature on urban foraging in the context of food justice. In one UK city, foraging was not primarily understood as a subsistence activity, but as a component of a particular lifestyle orientation. To improve equity of access to the subsistence benefits of foraging, better understanding of the social meanings attributed to foraging are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Sometimes I just wanna be outside”: A qualitative analysis of experiences with accessing community greenspace among people living with chronic mobility disability","authors":"Lauren F. Murphy ,&nbsp;Denise C. Fyffe ,&nbsp;Rachel Byrne ,&nbsp;Brittany Maronna ,&nbsp;Amanda L. Botticello","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to nature is associated with better mental health in the general population, but prior evidence suggests that people living with severe, chronic mobility impairment from paralysis due to spinal cord injury (SCI) may not experience similar benefits. Since many people living with SCI use wheelchairs and other medical devices for mobility, further exploration of how people living with mobility disability experience greenspace is needed to achieve equity in access to all public places. We assessed experiences with accessing greenspace reported in a sample of people living with chronic SCI and the meanings they ascribe to these experiences for their health and quality of life. A thematic content analysis of the qualitative interview data from a mixed-methods study of community activity patterns among adults with SCI was conducted. Three major themes emerged: important accessibility features, strategies used to enable access, and psychosocial consequences of greenspace accessibility. These results suggest that people living with chronic mobility impairment have unmet needs for outdoor recreation that can be addressed through urban planning approaches that prioritize input from people with lived disability experience and universal design for creating equitable greenspace access, as well as ongoing policy work that aims to expand access to assistive technology needed for outdoor community activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49302,"journal":{"name":"Health & Place","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 103399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}