Pub Date : 1955-01-01DOI: 10.1086/yearanth.0.3031151
A. Kroeber
Emeritus Professor of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley, Dr. Kroeber, at the time of writing was visiting Professor of Anthro? pology at Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts. He was 1945 Huxley Memorial Medalist, 1946 Viking Fund Medalist in General An? thropology, and Chairman of the Wenner-Gren Foundation's 1952 Inter? national Symposium on Anthropology. His principal volumes are Configurations of Culture Growth, 1944; Anthropology, 1948; and The Nature of Culture, 1952.
{"title":"History of Anthropological Thought","authors":"A. Kroeber","doi":"10.1086/yearanth.0.3031151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/yearanth.0.3031151","url":null,"abstract":"Emeritus Professor of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley, Dr. Kroeber, at the time of writing was visiting Professor of Anthro? pology at Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts. He was 1945 Huxley Memorial Medalist, 1946 Viking Fund Medalist in General An? thropology, and Chairman of the Wenner-Gren Foundation's 1952 Inter? national Symposium on Anthropology. His principal volumes are Configurations of Culture Growth, 1944; Anthropology, 1948; and The Nature of Culture, 1952.","PeriodicalId":49351,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of Physical Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1955-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76878523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1955-01-01DOI: 10.1086/yearanth.0.3031173
Stephen Foltiny, Franjo Ivanicek
of Archaeology, University of Szeged, Hungary, and in 1946-1948, scien? tific assistant at the Urgeschichtliches Institut of the University of Vienna. He is author of several papers on preand protohistory of Central Europe, and on Hungarology, published in Austrian, German, Hungarian, and Swiss periodicals. Dr. Ivanidek, Ph.D., M.D., is Research Associate in anthropology at Fordham University, New York. Formerly, he was Privatdocent in Anthro? pology at the University of Zagreb, Yugoslavia, and Director of the Anthropological Institute of Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb. He is author of several papers on physical and cultural anthropology pub? lished in Yugoslavia, Poland, and Germany.
{"title":"Eastern Europe: Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Roumania An Anthropological Review for 1952-1954","authors":"Stephen Foltiny, Franjo Ivanicek","doi":"10.1086/yearanth.0.3031173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/yearanth.0.3031173","url":null,"abstract":"of Archaeology, University of Szeged, Hungary, and in 1946-1948, scien? tific assistant at the Urgeschichtliches Institut of the University of Vienna. He is author of several papers on preand protohistory of Central Europe, and on Hungarology, published in Austrian, German, Hungarian, and Swiss periodicals. Dr. Ivanidek, Ph.D., M.D., is Research Associate in anthropology at Fordham University, New York. Formerly, he was Privatdocent in Anthro? pology at the University of Zagreb, Yugoslavia, and Director of the Anthropological Institute of Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb. He is author of several papers on physical and cultural anthropology pub? lished in Yugoslavia, Poland, and Germany.","PeriodicalId":49351,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of Physical Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1955-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76291558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1955-01-01DOI: 10.1086/yearanth.0.3031138
L. Eiseley
Dr. Eiseley is Chairman of the Department of Anthropology at the Uni? versity of Pennsylvania, and Curator of Early Man in the University Museum. He is a contributor of scientific articles on fossil man and related subjects to learned journals, as well as to literary magazines. He was former Vice-President of the American Anthropological Association, and Vice-Chairman of the Division of Anthropology and Psychology, National Research Council, 1950-1952.
{"title":"Fossil Man and Human Evolution","authors":"L. Eiseley","doi":"10.1086/yearanth.0.3031138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/yearanth.0.3031138","url":null,"abstract":"Dr. Eiseley is Chairman of the Department of Anthropology at the Uni? versity of Pennsylvania, and Curator of Early Man in the University Museum. He is a contributor of scientific articles on fossil man and related subjects to learned journals, as well as to literary magazines. He was former Vice-President of the American Anthropological Association, and Vice-Chairman of the Division of Anthropology and Psychology, National Research Council, 1950-1952.","PeriodicalId":49351,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of Physical Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1955-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82362817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1955-01-01DOI: 10.1086/yearanth.0.3031137
A. H. Schultz
Professor of Anthropology and Director of the Anthropological Institute of the University of Zurich, Switzerland, since 1951, Dr. Schultz was formerly Research Associate of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1916-1925, 1937-1938, and Associate Professor of Physical Anthropology, 1925-1951, at the Johns Hopkins Medical School. He was the recipient of the 1948 Viking Fund Medal in Physical Anthropology, is a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences, and was recently elected a Foreign Fellow of the London Zoological Society.
{"title":"Primatology in its Relation to Anthropology","authors":"A. H. Schultz","doi":"10.1086/yearanth.0.3031137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/yearanth.0.3031137","url":null,"abstract":"Professor of Anthropology and Director of the Anthropological Institute of the University of Zurich, Switzerland, since 1951, Dr. Schultz was formerly Research Associate of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1916-1925, 1937-1938, and Associate Professor of Physical Anthropology, 1925-1951, at the Johns Hopkins Medical School. He was the recipient of the 1948 Viking Fund Medal in Physical Anthropology, is a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences, and was recently elected a Foreign Fellow of the London Zoological Society.","PeriodicalId":49351,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of Physical Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1955-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86859208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1955-01-01DOI: 10.1086/yearanth.0.3031156
R. B. Inverarity
{"title":"Anthropology in Primitive Art","authors":"R. B. Inverarity","doi":"10.1086/yearanth.0.3031156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/yearanth.0.3031156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49351,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of Physical Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1955-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84375935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1955-01-01DOI: 10.1086/yearanth.0.3031139
Lauriston Ward
Mr. Ward is Curator of Asiatic Archaeology at the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massa? chusetts. He is President of the Council for Old World Archaeology, and Chairman of the American School of Prehistoric Research. His publica? tions include: "The Prehistoric Period," in Encyclopaedia of World History, William L. Langer (ed.), 1940; and "The Relative Chronology of China through the Han Period/* in Relative Chronologies in Old World Archeology, Robert W. Ehrich (ed.), 1954.
{"title":"Old World Archeology and Prehistory","authors":"Lauriston Ward","doi":"10.1086/yearanth.0.3031139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/yearanth.0.3031139","url":null,"abstract":"Mr. Ward is Curator of Asiatic Archaeology at the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massa? chusetts. He is President of the Council for Old World Archaeology, and Chairman of the American School of Prehistoric Research. His publica? tions include: \"The Prehistoric Period,\" in Encyclopaedia of World History, William L. Langer (ed.), 1940; and \"The Relative Chronology of China through the Han Period/* in Relative Chronologies in Old World Archeology, Robert W. Ehrich (ed.), 1954.","PeriodicalId":49351,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of Physical Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1955-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86048713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1955-01-01DOI: 10.1086/yearanth.0.3031134
J. Huxley
ion, others that it is the sum of human activities, or the patterns of human behavior within a given society, still others that it includes all "artifacts, socifacts and mentifacts," to use Bidney's convenient terms for the different types of products of a culture or human society.8 A further confusion arises owing to a radical difference between psycho-social and biological evolution?first, the lack of any sharp distinction in the psycho-social sector between soma and germ-plasm; secondly, the presence of an increasing trend toward convergence superimposed upon that to? ward divergence. Culture, in the objectively definable sense which seems natural to a biologist, is at one and the same time both soma and germ-plasm, both a mechanism of maintenance and a mechanism of reproduction or transmission. This statement needs some minor qualifications, for instance, the system of material produc? tion is more concerned with maintenance, the educational system more with transmis? sion. But the material objects produced and the skills that produce them also are di? rectly transmissible (unlike the metabolic products and activities of the animal soma); and the knowledge and attitudes trans? mitted by education are also directly con? cerned with the maintenance of culture and the body politic (unlike the germplasm tucked away within the body or-
{"title":"Guest Editorial: Evolution, Cultural and Biological","authors":"J. Huxley","doi":"10.1086/yearanth.0.3031134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/yearanth.0.3031134","url":null,"abstract":"ion, others that it is the sum of human activities, or the patterns of human behavior within a given society, still others that it includes all \"artifacts, socifacts and mentifacts,\" to use Bidney's convenient terms for the different types of products of a culture or human society.8 A further confusion arises owing to a radical difference between psycho-social and biological evolution?first, the lack of any sharp distinction in the psycho-social sector between soma and germ-plasm; secondly, the presence of an increasing trend toward convergence superimposed upon that to? ward divergence. Culture, in the objectively definable sense which seems natural to a biologist, is at one and the same time both soma and germ-plasm, both a mechanism of maintenance and a mechanism of reproduction or transmission. This statement needs some minor qualifications, for instance, the system of material produc? tion is more concerned with maintenance, the educational system more with transmis? sion. But the material objects produced and the skills that produce them also are di? rectly transmissible (unlike the metabolic products and activities of the animal soma); and the knowledge and attitudes trans? mitted by education are also directly con? cerned with the maintenance of culture and the body politic (unlike the germplasm tucked away within the body or-","PeriodicalId":49351,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of Physical Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1955-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89795527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1955-01-01DOI: 10.1086/yearanth.0.3031133
W. L. Thomas
{"title":"Editor's Preface","authors":"W. L. Thomas","doi":"10.1086/yearanth.0.3031133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/yearanth.0.3031133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49351,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of Physical Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1955-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82887906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1955-01-01DOI: 10.1086/yearanth.0.3031147
D. Mandelbaum
which have bulked large in time and space, and which have had many interlocking parts. The civilizations of China, of Japan, of India, of the Arab world, of Western Europe, come to mind as examples of such complex civilizations; each of them has a number of variant forms according to coun? try or region or period. In recent years there has been a notable growth in the study by anthropologists of peoples within the orbit of one or another of these civilizations. There has also been
{"title":"The Study of Complex Civilizations","authors":"D. Mandelbaum","doi":"10.1086/yearanth.0.3031147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/yearanth.0.3031147","url":null,"abstract":"which have bulked large in time and space, and which have had many interlocking parts. The civilizations of China, of Japan, of India, of the Arab world, of Western Europe, come to mind as examples of such complex civilizations; each of them has a number of variant forms according to coun? try or region or period. In recent years there has been a notable growth in the study by anthropologists of peoples within the orbit of one or another of these civilizations. There has also been","PeriodicalId":49351,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of Physical Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1955-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74534298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1955-01-01DOI: 10.1086/YEARANTH.0.3031174
I. Potekhin, M. Levin
During 1954 every effort was expended by the editors to obtain a Yearbook contribution reporting on the significant anthropological activities during 1952-1954 in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. As with other contributed articles to this section entitled "Regional Round-up," our basic principle was that each review be first-hand-authored by a scholar from within the country or region being reported upon. Our original invitation to participate in the Yearbook was extended on February 18, 1954, to Dr. S. P. Tolstov, Director of the Institute of Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. A second invitation was sent May 10, 1954, registered airmail, return receipt requested; such receipt was signed in Moscow on May 20. A third letter of inquiry was sent on ]une 23. On October 15 a memorandum of suggestions to authors, including a reminder of the December 15 deadline, was airmailed, registered, return receipt re? quested; such receipt was signed in Moscow on October 27, 1954. Since no reply to any of our four invitations and inquiries nor a manuscript was received, the editors, during the last month before publication, secured permission from Dr. E. S. Carpenter, of the University of Toronto, Canada, to reprint in full and exactly as it appeared, the following article from issue No. 3, August, 1954, pages 83-88, of the publication, Explorations, of which he is Editor. While the title indicates that a full coverage of all aspects of anthro? pology was not attempted, at least it is a summary report as seen from the eyes of Russian scholars. For a brief, but significant, account of archeological activities in the Soviet Union, see pages 80, 81, 85, 86, 89 of the Yearbook article on "Old World Arche? ology and Prehistory." The Yearbook stands ready, in a future volume, to include a longer, more comprehensive, and up-to-date report should one be forthcoming from a scholar in the U.S.S.R.
{"title":"Union of Soviet Socialist Republics","authors":"I. Potekhin, M. Levin","doi":"10.1086/YEARANTH.0.3031174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/YEARANTH.0.3031174","url":null,"abstract":"During 1954 every effort was expended by the editors to obtain a Yearbook contribution reporting on the significant anthropological activities during 1952-1954 in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. As with other contributed articles to this section entitled \"Regional Round-up,\" our basic principle was that each review be first-hand-authored by a scholar from within the country or region being reported upon. Our original invitation to participate in the Yearbook was extended on February 18, 1954, to Dr. S. P. Tolstov, Director of the Institute of Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. A second invitation was sent May 10, 1954, registered airmail, return receipt requested; such receipt was signed in Moscow on May 20. A third letter of inquiry was sent on ]une 23. On October 15 a memorandum of suggestions to authors, including a reminder of the December 15 deadline, was airmailed, registered, return receipt re? quested; such receipt was signed in Moscow on October 27, 1954. Since no reply to any of our four invitations and inquiries nor a manuscript was received, the editors, during the last month before publication, secured permission from Dr. E. S. Carpenter, of the University of Toronto, Canada, to reprint in full and exactly as it appeared, the following article from issue No. 3, August, 1954, pages 83-88, of the publication, Explorations, of which he is Editor. While the title indicates that a full coverage of all aspects of anthro? pology was not attempted, at least it is a summary report as seen from the eyes of Russian scholars. For a brief, but significant, account of archeological activities in the Soviet Union, see pages 80, 81, 85, 86, 89 of the Yearbook article on \"Old World Arche? ology and Prehistory.\" The Yearbook stands ready, in a future volume, to include a longer, more comprehensive, and up-to-date report should one be forthcoming from a scholar in the U.S.S.R.","PeriodicalId":49351,"journal":{"name":"Yearbook of Physical Anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1955-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86196662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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