Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1177/10806032241227924
Kurt P Eifling, Flavio G Gaudio, Charles Dumke, Grant S Lipman, Edward M Otten, August D Martin, Colin K Grissom
The Wilderness Medical Society (WMS) convened an expert panel in 2011 to develop a set of evidence-based guidelines for the recognition, prevention, and treatment of heat illness. The current panel retained 5 original members and welcomed 2 new members, all of whom collaborated remotely to provide an updated review of the classifications, pathophysiology, evidence-based guidelines for planning and preventive measures, and recommendations for field- and hospital-based therapeutic management of heat illness. These recommendations are graded based on the quality of supporting evidence and the balance between the benefits and risks or burdens for each modality. This is an updated version of the WMS clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of heat illness published in Wilderness & Environmental Medicine. 2019;30(4):S33-S46.
{"title":"Wilderness Medical Society Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Heat Illness: 2024 Update.","authors":"Kurt P Eifling, Flavio G Gaudio, Charles Dumke, Grant S Lipman, Edward M Otten, August D Martin, Colin K Grissom","doi":"10.1177/10806032241227924","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10806032241227924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Wilderness Medical Society (WMS) convened an expert panel in 2011 to develop a set of evidence-based guidelines for the recognition, prevention, and treatment of heat illness. The current panel retained 5 original members and welcomed 2 new members, all of whom collaborated remotely to provide an updated review of the classifications, pathophysiology, evidence-based guidelines for planning and preventive measures, and recommendations for field- and hospital-based therapeutic management of heat illness. These recommendations are graded based on the quality of supporting evidence and the balance between the benefits and risks or burdens for each modality. This is an updated version of the WMS clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of heat illness published in <i>Wilderness & Environmental Medicine.</i> 2019;30(4):S33-S46.</p>","PeriodicalId":49360,"journal":{"name":"Wilderness & Environmental Medicine","volume":"35 1_suppl","pages":"112S-127S"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139998078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1177/10806032241230241
Simon Uhl Nielsen, Anders Karlsen
IntroductionWhile the use of camping stoves in poorly ventilated areas is discouraged, the need to address dehydration challenges in harsh arctic conditions has led to their unconventional use inside snow caves for snow melting, subjecting occupants to unknown carbon monoxide (CO) levels. This study, located at sea level in northeastern Greenland, aimed to assess CO levels and dynamics during short cooking sessions in newly constructed emergency snow caves.MethodsIn 5 snow caves, constructed according to the same design principles by 4 different individuals, a single MSR Whisperlite multifuel burner, primed with ethanol and burning white gas, was used to melt snow. CO concentrations were monitored every minute until all the snow in a 5-L pot was converted to water and CO levels returned to below 10 ppm.ResultsA total of 16 experiments conducted showed that the priming phase generated the highest CO peaks, with a maximum of 120 ppm. Time-weighted averages ranged from 14 ppm to 67 ppm, with trial durations of 15 to 21 min. A single trial with a dirty burner resulted in up to a 10-fold increase in CO levels.ConclusionsWhile single, short cooking sessions of less than 10 min burn time in newly constructed snow caves may be tolerated under specific conditions, the study highlighted substantial variation between caves and the importance of using clean burners, emphasizing the need for further research to gain a comprehensive understanding of CO exposure dynamics in snow caves.
{"title":"A Field Study of Carbon Monoxide Levels in Snow Caves During Short-Term Stove Use","authors":"Simon Uhl Nielsen, Anders Karlsen","doi":"10.1177/10806032241230241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10806032241230241","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title>While the use of camping stoves in poorly ventilated areas is discouraged, the need to address dehydration challenges in harsh arctic conditions has led to their unconventional use inside snow caves for snow melting, subjecting occupants to unknown carbon monoxide (CO) levels. This study, located at sea level in northeastern Greenland, aimed to assess CO levels and dynamics during short cooking sessions in newly constructed emergency snow caves.</jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title>In 5 snow caves, constructed according to the same design principles by 4 different individuals, a single MSR Whisperlite multifuel burner, primed with ethanol and burning white gas, was used to melt snow. CO concentrations were monitored every minute until all the snow in a 5-L pot was converted to water and CO levels returned to below 10 ppm.</jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title>A total of 16 experiments conducted showed that the priming phase generated the highest CO peaks, with a maximum of 120 ppm. Time-weighted averages ranged from 14 ppm to 67 ppm, with trial durations of 15 to 21 min. A single trial with a dirty burner resulted in up to a 10-fold increase in CO levels.</jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>While single, short cooking sessions of less than 10 min burn time in newly constructed snow caves may be tolerated under specific conditions, the study highlighted substantial variation between caves and the importance of using clean burners, emphasizing the need for further research to gain a comprehensive understanding of CO exposure dynamics in snow caves.</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":49360,"journal":{"name":"Wilderness & Environmental Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139927183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2023.08.013
Laura Appleton BSc, Neil Lodhia BSc, Barbara Pavlou BSc
{"title":"Evaluating Hybrid Online and In-Person Delivery of Wilderness Medicine Training for Undergraduate Medical Students","authors":"Laura Appleton BSc, Neil Lodhia BSc, Barbara Pavlou BSc","doi":"10.1016/j.wem.2023.08.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wem.2023.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49360,"journal":{"name":"Wilderness & Environmental Medicine","volume":"34 4","pages":"Page e3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138345139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2023.08.014
Samuel Holstege MS, Rita Farah PharmD, MPH, PhD, John Sweeney MD, Austin Murray, Christopher Holstege MD
{"title":"Epidemiological Review of Black Widow Human Exposures as Reported to the National Poison Data System","authors":"Samuel Holstege MS, Rita Farah PharmD, MPH, PhD, John Sweeney MD, Austin Murray, Christopher Holstege MD","doi":"10.1016/j.wem.2023.08.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wem.2023.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49360,"journal":{"name":"Wilderness & Environmental Medicine","volume":"34 4","pages":"Page e3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138345140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.wem.2023.08.009
Jessica Vittorelli DO, Grant Nelson MD
{"title":"Wildermed: A Gamified Success for Wilderness Medicine in Residency","authors":"Jessica Vittorelli DO, Grant Nelson MD","doi":"10.1016/j.wem.2023.08.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wem.2023.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49360,"journal":{"name":"Wilderness & Environmental Medicine","volume":"34 4","pages":"Page e2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138395516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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