Western Journal of Nursing Research最新文献

Background: Pain is a common, severe symptom related to endometriosis. Despite this prominent feature, there is limited literature regarding its description and use of integrative treatment methods.

Objective: We aimed to describe endometriosis-related pain characteristics, severity, and association with an integrative approach encompassing pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational study was conducted using convenience sampling of adult women with endometriosis-related pain. Three questionnaires were utilized: a demographic and general health questionnaire, a visual analog pain scale (VAS), and the short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ).

Results: Participants included 93 women with a mean general pain level of 6.2/10 (SD = 2.7) on the VAS. The total mean pain score on the SF-MPQ was 26.25/45 (SD = 10.1). Sixty-four women (68.8%) reported experiencing pain at the time of completion of the questionnaire (mean: 1.6/4, SD = 1.3). All participants utilized analgesia; those who used opioids reported a higher overall mean pain score of 2.3 (SD = 1.3) than patients who did not use opioids reported a mean of 1.4 (SD = 1.2; z = 9.59; P < .001). Present pain intensity was significantly higher for women using opioids than those not using opioids. In all, 77 women (82.8%) used integrative methods to alleviate the pain symptoms. Women who utilized nutritional therapy as part of the non-pharmacological method experienced lower mean (SD) overall pain (4.4 [2.5]) compared with patients who did not utilize nutritional therapy (6.75 [2.5]; P < .01).

Conclusions: More studies are needed to find evidence-based treatment options for women for integrative pain relief for endometriosis-related pain.

Background: Caregiving in the African American community is informed by strong cultural expectations but may be associated with negative experiences and poor mental health outcomes.

Objective: The purpose of this convergent mixed-methods study is to understand the relationship between caregiving experiences and mental health and explore stress management strategies in African American family caregivers of adults with chronic or disabling conditions.

Methods: African American family caregivers (N = 100) were recruited using community-engaged methods and completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Caregiver Reaction Assessment scale, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D-10) Scale. A subsample (n = 24) participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using linear regression and content analysis. A matrix was developed to integrate quantitative and qualitative results.

Results: Participants were on average 59 years old. Most were women and provided care to a parent. Lack of family support (B = 1.37, P = .03) and impact of caregiving on caregivers' finances (B = 1.74, P = .004), schedule (B = 2.92, P < .001), and health (B = 3.26, P < .001) were associated with depressive symptoms and were reported as stressful experiences. Negative interactions with the care recipient and caring for multiple people emerged as other sources of stress. Participants used independent and interpersonal coping strategies, as well as strategies to facilitate their caregiving role to reduce their stress. Values of reciprocity, limited use of community-based resources, and mental health stigma emerged as important cultural considerations.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest the need for culturally-sensitive interventions to improve communication and care coordination within African American family caregiving networks and educational programs about mental health and caregiving resources endorsed by trusted community sources.

Background: Many nurses join the profession because they have altruistic intentions, but some nurses experience barriers to acting on altruistic intentions which may be a source of job dissatisfaction or burnout.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate construct validity, internal consistency, and convergence reliability of the Nursing Altruistic Execution Scale (NAES), a novel instrument assessing the perceived ability to help others through work.

Methods: The NAES was developed based upon a literature review examining altruistic behavior as a motivator for nursing work, with expert feedback for instrument refinement. Participants completed the NAES, Copenhagen Burnout Inventory Work-Related Burnout Scale, and Satisfaction of Employees in Health Care Survey. Exploratory factor analysis examined construct validity and factor loadings. Confirmatory factor analysis verified consistency in factor structure. Linear regression assessed for convergence reliability with burnout and job satisfaction.

Results: The sample included 843 acute care hospital nurses surveyed in January-March 2023. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor solution, named altruistic engagement with work and workplace barriers to altruism. Nine instrument items were retained and demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.79). There was a significant relationship between both factors of the NAES and both burnout and job satisfaction, demonstrating that greater altruistic execution is associated with lower burnout and greater job satisfaction.

Conclusion: Preliminary findings support the use of the NAES as a valid and reliable scale. Findings show there is correlation between altruistic intentions and burnout. Interventions aimed at enhancing altruistic execution may reduce nurse burnout and thereby improve retention.

Background: Determining the self-efficacy perceptions of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients has a key role in health care practices. With further evaluation, the Self-Efficacy Measure for Sleep Apnea (SEMSA) could serve as a useful scale to develop specific interventions to increase self-efficacy in patients with OSA during the acceptance and maintenance of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy.

Objective: The aim of this study is to translate the SEMSA into Turkish and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the translation.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of patients recently diagnosed with CPAP-naïve OSA. Linguistic and content validity of the scale were evaluated, while exploratory factor analysis and 2-level confirmatory factor analysis were used for validity. Internal consistency and test-retest methods were used in reliability analyses.

Results: The mean (SD) age of the patients with OSA was 51.36 (11.29), and 68% were male. The item factor loads obtained as a result of the confirmatory factor analysis ranged from 0.44 to 0.94, confirming the three-factor structure of the instrument. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.90. Measurements made within the scope of test-retest analysis were found to be related and consistent results were obtained in the intervening time (P < .01).

Conclusions: In this study, the Turkish version of SEMSA was found to be a valid and reliable tool and it could be used to evaluate the adherence-related cognition in Turkish patients with OSA on CPAP therapy.

Background: Cancer-associated cognitive decline may result in difficulties in maintaining daily life activities for older patients with cancer. It is, therefore, critical to identify changes in cognitive function throughout illness trajectories.

Aim: To determine the longitudinal patterns and factors associated with cognitive function among older cancer survivors.

Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the 2012 to 2020 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging database. A total of 207 cancer survivors aged 60 years and above were included in the analysis. Latent class growth modeling was employed to identify the trajectories of self-reported cognitive function, and logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with these trajectories.

Results: The cognitive function of older adults with cancer was divided into 2 distinct trajectories, characterized by differences in intercept (8) and slope (0.7): the "low and declining class" and the "high and sustainable class." The proportion of individuals belonging to the "high and sustainable class" (n = 153, 73.9%) was significantly and considerably higher than those in the "low and declining class" (n = 54, 26.1%). Individuals with low and declining cognitive function were more likely to be older, have a lower education level, live in rural areas, have poor handgrip strength, experience depression, and have lower social participation compared to those with high and sustainable cognitive function.

Conclusions: Our findings can help health care professionals develop tailored interventions for older cancer survivors with low cognitive function based on their physical and mental health status, as well as their environmental backgrounds.

Background: Substance use disorders (SUD) in the perinatal period have risen dramatically over the past 2 decades. Substance use disorders can have deleterious effects on maternal-infant health. Recovery can improve quality of life but can be challenging for women with SUD in the perinatal period. It is important for health care providers to have an understanding of factors associated with maternal substance use and recovery.

Objective: The purpose of this qualitative review was to identify factors influencing substance use and recovery in women with SUD in the perinatal period.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted using the databases of CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PubMed along with a manual search of Google Scholar. The studies were assessed using criteria from the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal checklist for qualitative research.

Results: Findings from 16 qualitative studies were synthesized. Six descriptive subthemes identifying factors influencing substance use and recovery were revealed: (1) Infant Care, (2) Stigma, (3) Social Settings Involving Substance Use, (4) Internalized Stigma and Mental Health Symptoms, (5) Addiction Concerns, and (6) Coping Abilities.

Conclusions: Participants described external and internal factors that influenced their substance use and recovery. The findings suggest health care providers refer women to residential addiction treatment, use destigmatizing language, promote access to peer services, and provide trauma-informed care.

Background: The main purposes of the nursing profession are to protect and improve health and to prevent and heal diseases. It is crucial to investigate the factors that can influence nurses' ability to enhance their performance in their professional lives and conduct the nursing care process more qualitatively and effectively.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between emotional intelligence and compassionate communication in nurses.

Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted with 140 nurses working in various units of the public hospital in Kilis, Turkey. Data were collected through a demographic information form, Emotional Intelligence Scale, and Compassionate Communication Scale.

Results: It was determined that nurses' emotional intelligence and compassionate communication were above average. A significant association was found between nurses' emotional intelligence and compassionate communication (F = 16.08, P < .001) and emotional intelligence explains 10% of the variance in compassionate communication (R = 0.323, R² = 0.104).

Conclusions: Emotional intelligence and compassionate communication should be taken into consideration so that nurses can recognize and understand patients' emotions, alleviate their hurt, and deliver delicate, kind, and compassionate care.

Background: Diabetes complications are prevalent in people with diabetes, causing considerable individual suffering and increased health costs. However, the relationships of multidimensional, modifiable, and nonmodifiable factors to diabetes complications and the role of diabetes distress have been rarely examined.

Objective: The aims of this study were to examine the associations of age, sex, knowledge, self-efficacy, self-compassion, resilience, self-esteem, depressive symptoms, diabetes distress, social support, and body mass index with diabetes complications and to investigate the mediating role of diabetes distress.

Methods: In this cross-sectional, correlational study, data on all study variables were collected from 148 people with diabetes through REDCap in 2023. Multiple regression analysis and the PROCESS macro for SPSS were used to address the aims.

Results: Older age and higher levels of diabetes distress were associated with more diabetes complications. Depressive symptoms were associated with diabetes distress; and diabetes distress, but not depressive symptoms, was associated with diabetes complications, controlling for all other variables.

Conclusions: Depressive symptoms and diabetes distress were directly or indirectly associated with diabetes complications, and diabetes distress was a mediator in the relationship between depressive symptoms and diabetes complications. Health care providers can target reduction of depressive symptoms and diabetes distress to reduce diabetes complications.

Background: Patient handover training given to nursing students is important to ensure patient safety. There are a variety of evaluation models that can be used to evaluate the impact of education in nursing, one of which is the Kirkpatrick model.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the patient handover training given to nursing students according to the Kirkpatrick model.

Methods: A pretest and posttest design was used with a convenience sample of 33 nursing students. The training provided was evaluated according to the reaction, learning, behavior, and result levels of the Kirkpatrick model. In the study, data were collected by researchers observing students through face-to-face interactions and bedside observations using Handoff Evaluation Scale (Handoff CEX).

Results: It was found that 42.1% of the nursing students practiced verbal, 19.7% taped, and 36.8% bedside handovers before the training, while all the students practiced taped, verbal, and bedside handovers after the training. While the mean (SD) scores of patient handover (2.87 [0.95]) were at an insufficient level before the training, the scores after the training (7.12 [1.06]) increased to a high level. The difference between the mean patient handover scores before and after the training was statistically significant (P < .001).

Conclusions: After the training provided in the study, it was observed that nursing students improved their patient handover levels and styles, handover participation, and information transfer. Patient handover training given to undergraduate student nurses can be evaluated using the Kirkpatrick model.

Aim: This qualitative study aimed to explore nurses' perspectives regarding the challenges of providing perinatal/neonatal end-of-life care in a regional hospital.

Methods: This exploratory qualitative study was conducted with 20 nurses working in Turkey. Study data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured individual interviews. The interviews were then submitted to thematic analysis.

Results: Three themes emerged from analyses of the interviews: (1) inadequate support for delivery of palliative care, (2) perceptions of family readiness, and (3) providing information/education to the family. The most prominent difficulties experienced by nurses were inadequacy of unit and equipment and lack of trained personnel. Another important issue that stood out was families' not accepting the end-of-life care decision for the fetus or the neonate and their having unrealistic expectations.

Conclusion: Study results have provided important considerations for regional isolated neonatal and perinatal units, and they will be used to inform clinical practice improvements, staff education support, policies/procedures, family support, and further research relating to end-of-life care provision for the most vulnerable babies and their families.