Western Journal of Nursing Research最新文献

Background: Bedtime routines are modifiable behaviors that can influence sleep health and may be shaped by cultural and caregiving experiences. African American adults experience poorer sleep outcomes, characterized by reduced sleep duration and diminished sleep quality relative to other racial and ethnic groups.

Objective: This convergent mixed-methods study explored the bedtime routine of African American family caregivers and examined whether bedtime activities differ by co-residence status.

Methods: Thirty African American family caregivers completed daily sleep diaries over a 7-day period, including a report on bedtime activities (quantitative approach). A subsample (n = 24) participated in follow-up interviews about their usual bedtime routine (qualitative approach). All participants indicated if they lived with the care recipient during the baseline visit. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U-tests, and qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.

Results: Participants' mean age was 58 years. Most cared for a parent or parent-in-law, and most lived with the care recipient. The most prevalent bedtime activities were watching television and using electronic devices, while fewer participants participated in sleep-promoting activities such as reading or relaxation exercises. Qualitative results about usual bedtime routines included personal care activities, enjoyable activities, caregiving and household responsibilities, and sleep preparation routines. Quantitative and qualitative results aligned on the most reported activities. Caregivers living with the care recipient reported fewer bedtime activities.

Conclusions: The results emphasize potential targets for interventions that are designed to enhance the sleep health of African American family caregivers by implementing practical and culturally relevant relaxing bedtime routines.

Background: As dementia rises globally, caregivers face prolonged and demanding responsibilities, increasing their risk of burden, depression, and anxiety. Psychoeducation offers dementia-related information, behavior management strategies, and caregiver support to improve mental health and caregiving effectiveness. However, research on its effects across delivery methods remains limited.

Objective: We aimed to identify the effectiveness of psychoeducation on burden, depression, and anxiety among informal dementia caregivers. Dementia, often involving memory loss and behavioral changes, imposes sustained psychological strain on caregivers. This review clarifies the benefits of psychoeducation to inform the development of effective, targeted interventions.

Methods: Following established guidelines, this review included randomized controlled trials published in English. Eligible studies involved primary family caregivers (≥18 years old) providing home-based care and reporting burden, with depression and anxiety assessed if available. Comparisons included usual care or non-psychoeducation interventions.

Results: Twenty-three articles (2651 caregivers) showed that 10 reduced burden, 7 of 15 reduced depression, and 3 of 8 reduced anxiety. One study targeting a specific population found statistically significant improvements in both burden and depression. Another reported no overall effect on depression, but a subgroup with baseline scores above the cut-off showed statistically significant improvements, while the control group worsened.

Conclusions: Psychoeducation is effective in reducing burden, depression, and anxiety, with 43.5% of the included studies reporting statistically significant improvements. Further research is needed on the effectiveness of 7-session, 7-week psychoeducation in reducing burden, depression, and anxiety, using validated measures to assess long-term outcomes and refine strategies for diverse caregiver populations.

Background: Although progress has been made in teaching dementia care to nursing students, there is still a need to include person-centered dementia care (PCDC) education, because nursing students have a limited understanding of this approach.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the perceptions of prelicensure nursing students regarding PCDC within the context of their professional nursing education.

Methods: This study used a qualitative descriptive design using Brooker's VIPS model as a conceptual framework. Data were collected through individual and semi-structured interviews conducted virtually from January 22, 2024, to March 8, 2024, and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: Thirty prelicensure nursing students completed the interviews. Five primary themes were identified: knowledge of PCDC interventions, PCDC perceived negatively as an intervention, education, long-term care facilities (LTCFs), and joining the dementia care workforce.

Conclusion: Prelicensure nursing students demonstrated a higher level of knowledge of PCDC than anticipated. However, 2 key educational gaps were noted: first, nursing students require more instruction on the safe and ethical use of restraints; and second, they need greater awareness that older adults, including those with dementia, receive care across nearly all healthcare settings, not only in LTCFs. The findings of this study inform curriculum modifications and provide guidance to educators on teaching strategies that are derived from the experience of nursing students, who emphasized their desire for more role modeling or simulation on communicating with people with dementia.

Background: Nurses play a pivotal role in healthcare delivery, and their involvement in policymaking is recognized as essential by various government agencies and health organizations.

Objective: The authors aimed to describe and synthesize current literature on nurses' involvement in hospital health policy, as well as the perceived barriers and benefits of their participation.

Methods: This integrative review followed Whittemore and Knafl's methodology. Studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL, and gray literature was included. The search was limited to publications from 2013 to 2024. Study quality was assessed using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Tool.

Results: Eight studies were analyzed, revealing themes such as health policy activities, level of nurse involvement, perceived barriers (eg, lack of time and resources), and benefits (eg, improving public health and resolving nursing challenges). Most nurses in the studies were not actively involved in health policy development.

Conclusions: This review provides valuable insights for policymakers and administrators to offer institutional support, resources, and active learning opportunities regarding health policy involvement. Further in-depth studies are needed to better understand nurses' experiences with health policy involvement.

Background: Multiple medical devices are often required for the monitoring and treatment of trauma patients in intensive care units (ICUs), which increases the risk of medical device-related pressure injuries (MDRPIs). Despite the increasing incidence of MDRPIs in critically ill patients, there has been insufficient research focusing specifically on trauma ICU populations in South Korea.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of and risk factors for MDRPIs in trauma ICU patients.

Methods: This retrospective case-control study analyzed 755 trauma ICU patients, comprising 151 who developed MDRPI and 604 who did not develop MDRPI. Data including general, clinical, and trauma-related characteristics as well as details on medical device use were extracted from electronic medical records. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for MDRPIs.

Results: The incidence of MDRPIs was 4.3%. Deep tissue pressure injuries (60.1%) and stage 2 (24.0%) were the most common, while the most common MDRPI locations were the heel (24.0%) and nose (17.5%). Significant risk factors identified included the use of a nasogastric tubes (odds ratio (OR) = 16.48), continuous renal replacement therapy (OR = 13.92), and the use of splints or casts (OR = 12.73).

Conclusions: This study has identified unique characteristics of and risk factors for MDRPIs in trauma ICU patients, for whom the use of immobilization devices and nasogastric tubes is a major contributor to such injuries. This research study has provided important insights for developing targeted prevention strategies for MDRPIs in trauma ICU settings in South Korea.

Objective: This meta-synthesis aimed to identify, appraise, and synthesize qualitative research on Asian American women's experiences and perceptions of physical activity (PA).

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of 5 electronic databases, supplemented by hand-searching reference lists, to identify relevant studies published since 2010. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Study characteristics and major findings were extracted, and findings were summarized, compared, and synthesized using a feminist lens.

Results: Three main themes were identified: (1) cultural perceptions and values influencing PA, (2) the impact of acclimation on PA, and (3) universal determinants of PA engagement. PA was often embedded in daily life rather than structured as a formal exercise, and was shaped by cultural norms, gender roles, social support, and the availability of safe, inclusive environments. Family-oriented and gender-specific expectations played a pivotal role in shaping behavior, highlighting the importance of family support in encouraging PA. Acclimation to U.S. society introduced both environmental (eg, car dependency and built environment) and psychological (eg, shifting norms and reduced cultural relevance) barriers. Universal motivators such as physical health, weather, and personal discipline were also influential.

Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for culturally tailored interventions that incorporate traditional PA practices, address acclimation-related barriers, and strengthen supportive social networks to improve PA engagement in this population.

Background: Binge eating-the uncontrolled consumption of an excessive amount of food in a short time period-is associated with weight gain, obesity, impaired quality of life, and long-term mental health problems. Despite its serious impact, there is a lack of research examining factors related to binge eating in the Korean American population, limiting the development of effective interventions tailored to this population.

Objective: To examine factors related to binge eating among Korean American women using a framework adapted from social comparison theory and the integrated cognitive and behavioral model of binge eating.

Methods: For this retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive correlational study, data were collected online. A convenience sample (N = 136) was recruited from Korean churches, community organizations, university student group websites, restaurants, and supermarkets. Included participants were women at least 18 years old, who could read English and were not pregnant or breastfeeding.

Results: Significant relationships were found between severity of binge eating and the factors of age, personal relative deprivation, thin-ideal internalization, self-esteem, negative affect, difficulty with emotional regulation, and dietary restraint. Hierarchical multiple regression indicated that age, difficulty with emotional regulation, and dietary restraint were significant factors associated with binge eating severity.

Conclusions: Findings from this study will contribute to the development of culturally tailored interventions for healthy eating behaviors in women who are Korean American.

Background: Negative attitudes toward mental illness hinder both social integration and the effectiveness of health care services. Nursing students should overcome these biases, cultivate empathy, and adopt a patient-centered approach through clinical experience and structured education. This study explores how psychiatric nursing students' implicit associations, discriminatory attitudes, and empathy skills are influenced by exposure to documentaries and psychiatric interviews.

Method: A single-center, single-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted in the nursing department of a university located in Sakarya, Türkiye. The study involved 44 third-year nursing students (experimental group = 22; control group = 22). The Implicit Association Test and the Attitudes Toward Mental Patients Scale were used to assess students' implicit biases and attitudes, while the Jefferson Scale of Empathy measured their level of empathy.

Results: Although the implicit association categories changed significantly within both groups, there was no significant difference in change between the groups. Significant effects were found for group (F = 7.37, P = .01, ηp² = 0.15), time (F = 26.46, P < .001, ηp² = 0.39), and the group × time interaction (F = 7.08, P = .01, ηp² = 0.14) on attitude scores. However, no significant effects were observed in empathy scores with respect to group, time, or the group × time interaction.

Conclusion: Documentaries containing patient narratives and psychiatric interviews improved attitudes toward individuals with mental illness and positively influenced implicit associations; however, they did not lead to a significant change in empathy levels.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06808893.