Pub Date : 2023-08-18DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2023.2268458
Raya Marina Stephan, James E. Nickum
{"title":"Editors’ introduction","authors":"Raya Marina Stephan, James E. Nickum","doi":"10.1080/02508060.2023.2268458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2023.2268458","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49371,"journal":{"name":"Water International","volume":"309 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136214865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2023.2247686
B. Davidson, P. Hellegers
ABSTRACT Is the evidence sufficiently strong enough to justify the belief that irrigation (water applied) has a beneficial socio-economic impact on people in regional Australia? Using correlation coefficients, it was found that while a strong relationship existed between water applied and irrigators’ incomes (0.91) and production (0.87), the links were much weaker to dryland farmers’ incomes (0.49), the wider total regional income (0.41) and total employment (0.42). Weak links were found to exist with employment density (0.24), per capita incomes (0.03) and a measure of well-being (0.11) of people living in regions where more water was applied.
{"title":"Irrigation and its wider regional impacts in Australia","authors":"B. Davidson, P. Hellegers","doi":"10.1080/02508060.2023.2247686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2023.2247686","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Is the evidence sufficiently strong enough to justify the belief that irrigation (water applied) has a beneficial socio-economic impact on people in regional Australia? Using correlation coefficients, it was found that while a strong relationship existed between water applied and irrigators’ incomes (0.91) and production (0.87), the links were much weaker to dryland farmers’ incomes (0.49), the wider total regional income (0.41) and total employment (0.42). Weak links were found to exist with employment density (0.24), per capita incomes (0.03) and a measure of well-being (0.11) of people living in regions where more water was applied.","PeriodicalId":49371,"journal":{"name":"Water International","volume":"48 1","pages":"664 - 680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49528945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2023.2230011
Mulugeta Dadi Belete
This is a concise and useful primer: a compendium of the principles, concepts and applications linking ecohydrology to landscape restoration. Ecohydrology-based landscape restoration (EcoLaR) is an approach for individuals who want to improve the sustainability of landscapes, their soil health, productivity and landscape stability, which have been degraded by past and current landuse practices.
{"title":"Ecohydrology-based landscape restoration: Theory and practice","authors":"Mulugeta Dadi Belete","doi":"10.1080/02508060.2023.2230011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2023.2230011","url":null,"abstract":"This is a concise and useful primer: a compendium of the principles, concepts and applications linking ecohydrology to landscape restoration. Ecohydrology-based landscape restoration (EcoLaR) is an approach for individuals who want to improve the sustainability of landscapes, their soil health, productivity and landscape stability, which have been degraded by past and current landuse practices.","PeriodicalId":49371,"journal":{"name":"Water International","volume":"48 1","pages":"681 - 683"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46530932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2023.2242755
Kokou Dangui, S. Jia
ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of financial inclusion in bringing the financing gap of water infrastructure in developing countries using Togo as case study. Using a number of robust estimation techniques, we found that financial inclusion is associated with an increase in access to improved drinking water and a decline in the travel time to the water source, especially among the rural poor areas, female heads households and the northern part of the country. The influence of formal inclusive finance is higher and significant in contrast to informal financial inclusiveness, which has no significant impact. Policy implications are discussed.
{"title":"Does financial inclusion improve household drinking water source? An application to the case of Togo","authors":"Kokou Dangui, S. Jia","doi":"10.1080/02508060.2023.2242755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2023.2242755","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of financial inclusion in bringing the financing gap of water infrastructure in developing countries using Togo as case study. Using a number of robust estimation techniques, we found that financial inclusion is associated with an increase in access to improved drinking water and a decline in the travel time to the water source, especially among the rural poor areas, female heads households and the northern part of the country. The influence of formal inclusive finance is higher and significant in contrast to informal financial inclusiveness, which has no significant impact. Policy implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":49371,"journal":{"name":"Water International","volume":"48 1","pages":"648 - 663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47447607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2023.2230851
Mohamed Helal, Hesham M. Bekhit
Since construction commenced on the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) in April 2011, Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan have been engaged in an extended, and often arduous, process of negotiations on this project. Talks between the co-riparians of the Blue Nile have been conducted in a variety of forums and formats. Countless trilateral and bilateral meetings have been held, including at the level of heads of state and government, ministers of foreign affairs, and ministers of water affairs. The three countries held hundreds of meetings of governmental representatives and nongovernmental academics that deliberated on the engineering, technical and legal aspects of the management of the GERD. International and regional actors, including global powers such as the United States (Widakuswara, 2019) and Russia (Lavrov, 2020), and regional partners such as Algeria (Sudan Tribune, 2021), South Africa (Samir, 2020) and the United Arab Emirates (Reuters, 2021), have either participated in the negotiations or offered their good offices to mediate the dispute. The question of the GERD has also been on the agenda of several international organizations. The United Nations (UN) Security Council convened two sessions and issued a Presidential Statement on the GERD, the African Union (AU) facilitated numerous rounds of talks, and the League of Arab States has expressed concern at the lack of progress in the negotiations. Yet an agreement remains elusive. Here, we focus on the most fruitful chapter of the winding, more than decade-long GERD negotiations, which was the US-facilitated process that lasted from mid-October 2019 to February 2020. We do so not only in the interest of brevity given the difficulty of describing over ten years of negotiations in a single article, but also because examining these US-facilitated negotiations serves three purposes that reveal why the question of the GERD remains unresolved. First, recounting how these negotiations progressed will
{"title":"So near, yet so far: an Egyptian perspective on the US-facilitated negotiations on the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam","authors":"Mohamed Helal, Hesham M. Bekhit","doi":"10.1080/02508060.2023.2230851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2023.2230851","url":null,"abstract":"Since construction commenced on the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) in April 2011, Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan have been engaged in an extended, and often arduous, process of negotiations on this project. Talks between the co-riparians of the Blue Nile have been conducted in a variety of forums and formats. Countless trilateral and bilateral meetings have been held, including at the level of heads of state and government, ministers of foreign affairs, and ministers of water affairs. The three countries held hundreds of meetings of governmental representatives and nongovernmental academics that deliberated on the engineering, technical and legal aspects of the management of the GERD. International and regional actors, including global powers such as the United States (Widakuswara, 2019) and Russia (Lavrov, 2020), and regional partners such as Algeria (Sudan Tribune, 2021), South Africa (Samir, 2020) and the United Arab Emirates (Reuters, 2021), have either participated in the negotiations or offered their good offices to mediate the dispute. The question of the GERD has also been on the agenda of several international organizations. The United Nations (UN) Security Council convened two sessions and issued a Presidential Statement on the GERD, the African Union (AU) facilitated numerous rounds of talks, and the League of Arab States has expressed concern at the lack of progress in the negotiations. Yet an agreement remains elusive. Here, we focus on the most fruitful chapter of the winding, more than decade-long GERD negotiations, which was the US-facilitated process that lasted from mid-October 2019 to February 2020. We do so not only in the interest of brevity given the difficulty of describing over ten years of negotiations in a single article, but also because examining these US-facilitated negotiations serves three purposes that reveal why the question of the GERD remains unresolved. First, recounting how these negotiations progressed will","PeriodicalId":49371,"journal":{"name":"Water International","volume":"48 1","pages":"580 - 614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44393082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2023.2247679
V. Vyshnevskyi, S. Shevchuk, V. Komorin, Y. Oleynik, P. Gleick
The Kakhovka hydropower plant on the Dnipro River in Ukraine, its spillway dam and adjoining structures were completely destroyed in the early morning of 6 June 2023 in the course of the Russia–Ukraine War. In the lower reaches of the Dnipro River, four cities and several dozen villages were extensively flooded, killing many people, and destroying or damaging industrial and urban infrastructure. Bacteriological and chemical pollution has been recorded in both the lower Dnipro River and the north-western part of the Black Sea. Water supplies have been cut off for extensive agricultural areas, several large cities and towns, and major energy stations, including the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant. Three major consequences of this incident are described here: those on (1) the hydraulic structure itself, (2) the territory downstream from the hydraulic structure and (3) the Kakhovske reservoir formed by the dam and nearby regions. The purpose of this study is to clarify the consequences of the destruction of the Kakhovka hydroelectric plant and dam, as well as to outline the conditions that should be expected in the near future and consider options for restoration.
{"title":"The destruction of the Kakhovka dam and its consequences","authors":"V. Vyshnevskyi, S. Shevchuk, V. Komorin, Y. Oleynik, P. Gleick","doi":"10.1080/02508060.2023.2247679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2023.2247679","url":null,"abstract":"The Kakhovka hydropower plant on the Dnipro River in Ukraine, its spillway dam and adjoining structures were completely destroyed in the early morning of 6 June 2023 in the course of the Russia–Ukraine War. In the lower reaches of the Dnipro River, four cities and several dozen villages were extensively flooded, killing many people, and destroying or damaging industrial and urban infrastructure. Bacteriological and chemical pollution has been recorded in both the lower Dnipro River and the north-western part of the Black Sea. Water supplies have been cut off for extensive agricultural areas, several large cities and towns, and major energy stations, including the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant. Three major consequences of this incident are described here: those on (1) the hydraulic structure itself, (2) the territory downstream from the hydraulic structure and (3) the Kakhovske reservoir formed by the dam and nearby regions. The purpose of this study is to clarify the consequences of the destruction of the Kakhovka hydroelectric plant and dam, as well as to outline the conditions that should be expected in the near future and consider options for restoration.","PeriodicalId":49371,"journal":{"name":"Water International","volume":"48 1","pages":"631 - 647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44802755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2023.2234225
Joshua Matanzima, Teboho Mosuoe-Tsietsi
In recent years, critics of large dams have raised fundamental questions around the necessity and benefits of large dams. A large dam is defined as one with a height of 15 m or more from the lowest foundation to the crest, or a dam between 5 and 15 m impounding more than 3 million cubic metres of water (International Commission on Large Dams, 2011). Since the focus of this article is on large dams, the term ‘dams’ may be used in reference to large dams. Two significant questions have reoccurred in debates on large dams: Should we build more dams or not? Is there a good large dam? Thayer Scudder has expressed a clear opposition to ‘good’ large dams (Scudder, 2017). This is largely due to the evidence that suggests that the persistent, negative socio-economic and environmental costs of large dams exceed their proclaimed economic benefits (Schulz & Adams, 2019; Sovacool & Bulan, 2011). Based on a statistical analysis of 245 large dams in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and North America built between 1934 and 2007, Ansar et al. (2014, p. 2) concluded that ‘even before accounting for negative impacts on human society and the environment, the actual construction costs of large dams are too high to yield a positive return’. Consequently, there have been calls not only to cease the construction of large dams but also to decommission existing ‘unnecessary’ dams (Ansar et al., 2014; Scudder, 2017, 2019). An unnecessary dam is one whose existence is deemed unjustifiable because its negative risks and impacts are considered to outweigh its perceived benefits. Dam decommissioning refers to the process of removing or ceasing the operation of a dam because its negative effects outweigh their perceived benefits. Dam removal is an important tool for river restoration and addressing ageing infrastructure. It is an ongoing process as a large number of ageing dams that are no longer serving their original purposes have become safety liabilities, or represent potential for river system restoration if they are taken down (Duda & Bellmore, 2022). There are two categories of dam removal processes: full and partial decommissioning. Full removal entirely reestablishes the free-flowing conditions in a river because all physical obstacles are abolished, and the river’s continuity is restored (Ayboga, n.d.). Dam removal allows for
{"title":"A complex balance: assessing perspectives on decommissioning large dams to restore river ecosystems","authors":"Joshua Matanzima, Teboho Mosuoe-Tsietsi","doi":"10.1080/02508060.2023.2234225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2023.2234225","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, critics of large dams have raised fundamental questions around the necessity and benefits of large dams. A large dam is defined as one with a height of 15 m or more from the lowest foundation to the crest, or a dam between 5 and 15 m impounding more than 3 million cubic metres of water (International Commission on Large Dams, 2011). Since the focus of this article is on large dams, the term ‘dams’ may be used in reference to large dams. Two significant questions have reoccurred in debates on large dams: Should we build more dams or not? Is there a good large dam? Thayer Scudder has expressed a clear opposition to ‘good’ large dams (Scudder, 2017). This is largely due to the evidence that suggests that the persistent, negative socio-economic and environmental costs of large dams exceed their proclaimed economic benefits (Schulz & Adams, 2019; Sovacool & Bulan, 2011). Based on a statistical analysis of 245 large dams in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and North America built between 1934 and 2007, Ansar et al. (2014, p. 2) concluded that ‘even before accounting for negative impacts on human society and the environment, the actual construction costs of large dams are too high to yield a positive return’. Consequently, there have been calls not only to cease the construction of large dams but also to decommission existing ‘unnecessary’ dams (Ansar et al., 2014; Scudder, 2017, 2019). An unnecessary dam is one whose existence is deemed unjustifiable because its negative risks and impacts are considered to outweigh its perceived benefits. Dam decommissioning refers to the process of removing or ceasing the operation of a dam because its negative effects outweigh their perceived benefits. Dam removal is an important tool for river restoration and addressing ageing infrastructure. It is an ongoing process as a large number of ageing dams that are no longer serving their original purposes have become safety liabilities, or represent potential for river system restoration if they are taken down (Duda & Bellmore, 2022). There are two categories of dam removal processes: full and partial decommissioning. Full removal entirely reestablishes the free-flowing conditions in a river because all physical obstacles are abolished, and the river’s continuity is restored (Ayboga, n.d.). Dam removal allows for","PeriodicalId":49371,"journal":{"name":"Water International","volume":"48 1","pages":"615 - 630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45515718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2023.2214876
Monika Krpešová, P. Raška
ABSTRACT Municipal flood plans represent the lowest administrative planning instrument for flood risk management. Their value for local representatives in coping with floods remains unclear, however. We present a survey of municipal flood plans among 356 municipal representatives in Czechia. Our results indicate that legal and financial incentives are key motivations for adopting the plans; there is a rather weak collaborative effort from private companies when preparing the plans; and the trust in value of the plans is rather low. This calls for stronger integration of local and national expectations regarding flood planning instruments and for new frameworks of their assessment.
{"title":"Motivations, procedures and stated values for municipal flood plans: experiences from Central Europe","authors":"Monika Krpešová, P. Raška","doi":"10.1080/02508060.2023.2214876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2023.2214876","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Municipal flood plans represent the lowest administrative planning instrument for flood risk management. Their value for local representatives in coping with floods remains unclear, however. We present a survey of municipal flood plans among 356 municipal representatives in Czechia. Our results indicate that legal and financial incentives are key motivations for adopting the plans; there is a rather weak collaborative effort from private companies when preparing the plans; and the trust in value of the plans is rather low. This calls for stronger integration of local and national expectations regarding flood planning instruments and for new frameworks of their assessment.","PeriodicalId":49371,"journal":{"name":"Water International","volume":"48 1","pages":"461 - 479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47154720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2023.2213962
Manita Raut, R. Varady, A. Rajouria
ABSTRACT Despite decades of concerted efforts to address the problem, Nepal’s rural water supply sector continues to be laced with gender and social exclusion. This study provides insights from community water-user groups in two geographically and socially diverse contexts to better understand, from a gender and social inclusion perspective, and through institutional bricolage, how some water-user groups adapt to local contexts, shaping varied group dynamics that are not always equitable. Findings reveal that policies promoting social inclusion are difficult to implement amid the complex web of social and economic factors associated with community-managed water supply systems.
{"title":"Gender and social inclusion in community water resource management: lessons from two districts in the Himalayan foothills and the Terai in Nepal","authors":"Manita Raut, R. Varady, A. Rajouria","doi":"10.1080/02508060.2023.2213962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2023.2213962","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite decades of concerted efforts to address the problem, Nepal’s rural water supply sector continues to be laced with gender and social exclusion. This study provides insights from community water-user groups in two geographically and socially diverse contexts to better understand, from a gender and social inclusion perspective, and through institutional bricolage, how some water-user groups adapt to local contexts, shaping varied group dynamics that are not always equitable. Findings reveal that policies promoting social inclusion are difficult to implement amid the complex web of social and economic factors associated with community-managed water supply systems.","PeriodicalId":49371,"journal":{"name":"Water International","volume":"48 1","pages":"547 - 566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41523577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2023.2220512
Chloé Nicolas-Artero
ABSTRACT This article explores the global dimension of Chilean water bureaucracy through the lens of its peripheral global position. The study relies on historical sources and identifies three periods. The first period extends from the end of World War II to the 1973 military coup. During this time, the establishment of water policies, influenced by multilateral and direct US aid, resulted in the formation of a water bureaucracy. US influence persisted during the dictatorship (1973-1990) due to support for the military junta. Since the transition to democracy, the water bureaucracy has relied on foreign capital to implement various water policies.
{"title":"The international and historical dimensions of Chilean water bureaucracy","authors":"Chloé Nicolas-Artero","doi":"10.1080/02508060.2023.2220512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2023.2220512","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article explores the global dimension of Chilean water bureaucracy through the lens of its peripheral global position. The study relies on historical sources and identifies three periods. The first period extends from the end of World War II to the 1973 military coup. During this time, the establishment of water policies, influenced by multilateral and direct US aid, resulted in the formation of a water bureaucracy. US influence persisted during the dictatorship (1973-1990) due to support for the military junta. Since the transition to democracy, the water bureaucracy has relied on foreign capital to implement various water policies.","PeriodicalId":49371,"journal":{"name":"Water International","volume":"48 1","pages":"480 - 499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46716006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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