Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.16970/entoted.1344982
Selçuk ULUSOY, Doğancan KAHYA, Mustafa GÖKHAN, Okan ÖZGÜR
This study aimed to reveal resistance levels of Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations against dimethoate, λ-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos-ethyl used in cotton fields in Çukurova region in Adana province in Türkiye. Populations were collected from 16 locations between 2020 and 2021. Bioassay, biochemical and molecular methods were used to determine resistance. Six populations were resistant according to the susceptible (Toktamış) population with leaf dip discriminating dose bioassays. Compared to the susceptible population, four populations were found at decreased susceptibility (DS) resistance levels to dimethoate and one population to chlorpyrifos-ethyl. . Only two populations resistance ratio were detected in MR (Moderate resistance) category to chlorpyrifos-ethyl. Resistance levels of other populations were observed as S (susceptible) category. Resistant populations had higher acetylcholinesterase, glutathione-S transferase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase enzyme activities in biochemical analysis. The carboxylesterase gene transcription levels were higher in resistant populations. S431F and Kdr (knockdown) mutation were determined by the PCR-RLFP method, which is effective in organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides resistance and 17% and 100% recessive alleles were detected in populations. The biochemical and mutation-induced resistance to dimethoate and chlorpyrifos-ethyl was detected. These results will contribute to developing strategies for resistance management of A. gossypii.
{"title":"Çukurova Bölgesi pamuk alanlarında Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae)’nin insektisit direncinin belirlenmesi","authors":"Selçuk ULUSOY, Doğancan KAHYA, Mustafa GÖKHAN, Okan ÖZGÜR","doi":"10.16970/entoted.1344982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1344982","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to reveal resistance levels of Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations against dimethoate, λ-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos-ethyl used in cotton fields in Çukurova region in Adana province in Türkiye. Populations were collected from 16 locations between 2020 and 2021. Bioassay, biochemical and molecular methods were used to determine resistance. Six populations were resistant according to the susceptible (Toktamış) population with leaf dip discriminating dose bioassays. Compared to the susceptible population, four populations were found at decreased susceptibility (DS) resistance levels to dimethoate and one population to chlorpyrifos-ethyl. . Only two populations resistance ratio were detected in MR (Moderate resistance) category to chlorpyrifos-ethyl. Resistance levels of other populations were observed as S (susceptible) category. Resistant populations had higher acetylcholinesterase, glutathione-S transferase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase enzyme activities in biochemical analysis. The carboxylesterase gene transcription levels were higher in resistant populations. S431F and Kdr (knockdown) mutation were determined by the PCR-RLFP method, which is effective in organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides resistance and 17% and 100% recessive alleles were detected in populations. The biochemical and mutation-induced resistance to dimethoate and chlorpyrifos-ethyl was detected. These results will contribute to developing strategies for resistance management of A. gossypii.","PeriodicalId":49405,"journal":{"name":"Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136070687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.16970/entoted.1291685
Ali KAYAHAN
In this study, essential oils (EOs) of Citrus limon (L.), Citrus sinensis (L.) (Sapindales: Rutaceae), Allium sativum (L.) (Asparagales: Amaryllidaceae) and Brassica nigra (L.) (Brassicales: Brassicaceae) were evaluated for their insecticidal effects on the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The lethal and sublethal effects of these EOs on M. persicae were studied under laboratory conditions. This study was conducted at Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection in 2023. The experiments were evaluated at different concentrations for 24 hours after treatment. The lethal concentrations (LC50, LC90) of the EOs were calculated based on the data obtained. The life table parameters of newly born aphids were studied at sublethal concentrations (LC40, LC30) of EOs, and these parameters were calculated using the Euler-Lotka equation. The results show that the mortality rate increases with growing concentration of essential oils. The lethal concentration (LC50) of essential oils were calculated to be 3.47, 4.37, 4.51, and 5.16 µL/L, respectively. The sublethal concentrations (LC40, LC30) of essential oils caused an increase in adult longevity, a decrease in fecundity of surviving aphids and intrinsic rate of increase. From the data obtained, the EOs of C. limon and C. sinensis were more effective than other EOs in the study. It was found that other essential oils (A. sativum and B. nigra) may also be effective against M. persicae, even if their effect is low.
{"title":"Bazı bitkisel yağların şeftali yeşil yaprak biti Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)’nin yaşam çizelgesi parameterleri üzerindeki etkileri","authors":"Ali KAYAHAN","doi":"10.16970/entoted.1291685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1291685","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, essential oils (EOs) of Citrus limon (L.), Citrus sinensis (L.) (Sapindales: Rutaceae), Allium sativum (L.) (Asparagales: Amaryllidaceae) and Brassica nigra (L.) (Brassicales: Brassicaceae) were evaluated for their insecticidal effects on the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The lethal and sublethal effects of these EOs on M. persicae were studied under laboratory conditions. This study was conducted at Yozgat Bozok University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection in 2023. The experiments were evaluated at different concentrations for 24 hours after treatment. The lethal concentrations (LC50, LC90) of the EOs were calculated based on the data obtained. The life table parameters of newly born aphids were studied at sublethal concentrations (LC40, LC30) of EOs, and these parameters were calculated using the Euler-Lotka equation. The results show that the mortality rate increases with growing concentration of essential oils. The lethal concentration (LC50) of essential oils were calculated to be 3.47, 4.37, 4.51, and 5.16 µL/L, respectively. The sublethal concentrations (LC40, LC30) of essential oils caused an increase in adult longevity, a decrease in fecundity of surviving aphids and intrinsic rate of increase. From the data obtained, the EOs of C. limon and C. sinensis were more effective than other EOs in the study. It was found that other essential oils (A. sativum and B. nigra) may also be effective against M. persicae, even if their effect is low.","PeriodicalId":49405,"journal":{"name":"Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136070232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-29DOI: 10.16970/entoted.1313010
Zeynep BAYRAMOĞLU
The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of various tea extracts in providing ultraviolet (UV) protection for entomopathogenic fungi. UV radiation could have detrimental effects on viability of these fungi, which are important biocontrol agents against insect pests. This study was carried out in the Microbiology Laboratory of the Department of Biology Karadeniz Technical University in 2023. We evaluated the UV protective properties of various tea extracts in entomopathogenic fungi [Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuil. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and Metharizium flavoviride (Gams and Rozsypal 1956) (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae)] and tea extracts effectiveness against Galleria mellonella (L.,1758) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae. Our findings demonstrate that certain tea extracts exhibit significant UV protection for entomopathogenic fungi, suggesting their potential application in improving the performance of biocontrol agents in outdoor environments. The highest UV-B protection was observed by adding black and green tea extracts to fungal spores, resulting in a radial growth measurement of 14.6 mm and 14.3 mm, respectively, at the end of 10 days of exposure for 120 minutes. These results contribute to the development of eco-friendly strategies for pest management in agriculture.
本研究旨在探讨不同茶叶提取物对昆虫病原真菌的紫外线防护效果。紫外线辐射可能对这些真菌的生存能力产生不利影响，而真菌是重要的害虫生物防治剂。本研究于2023年在卡拉德尼兹技术大学生物系微生物实验室进行。研究了不同茶叶提取物对球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana, Bals.)的紫外线防护性能。Vuil。(下翅目:冬虫夏草科)和黄毒甲醚(Gams and Rozsypal 1956)(下翅目:蛾蚜科)]和茶提取物对mellonella (L.，1758)(鳞翅目:蛾蚜科)幼虫的有效性。我们的研究结果表明，某些茶叶提取物对昆虫病原真菌具有显著的紫外线保护作用，这表明它们在改善室外环境中生物防治剂的性能方面具有潜在的应用前景。将红茶和绿茶提取物添加到真菌孢子中观察到最高的UV-B保护，在暴露120分钟的10天结束时，径向生长测量分别为14.6 mm和14.3 mm。这些结果有助于制定农业有害生物管理的生态友好战略。
{"title":"The UV protectant properties of tea extracts on entomopathogenic fungus spores and their lethal effect on Galleria mellonella (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)","authors":"Zeynep BAYRAMOĞLU","doi":"10.16970/entoted.1313010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1313010","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of various tea extracts in providing ultraviolet (UV) protection for entomopathogenic fungi. UV radiation could have detrimental effects on viability of these fungi, which are important biocontrol agents against insect pests. This study was carried out in the Microbiology Laboratory of the Department of Biology Karadeniz Technical University in 2023. We evaluated the UV protective properties of various tea extracts in entomopathogenic fungi [Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuil. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and Metharizium flavoviride (Gams and Rozsypal 1956) (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae)] and tea extracts effectiveness against Galleria mellonella (L.,1758) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae. Our findings demonstrate that certain tea extracts exhibit significant UV protection for entomopathogenic fungi, suggesting their potential application in improving the performance of biocontrol agents in outdoor environments. The highest UV-B protection was observed by adding black and green tea extracts to fungal spores, resulting in a radial growth measurement of 14.6 mm and 14.3 mm, respectively, at the end of 10 days of exposure for 120 minutes. These results contribute to the development of eco-friendly strategies for pest management in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":49405,"journal":{"name":"Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.16970/entoted.1277095
Sinan ANLAŞ
The genus Lobrathium Mulsant & Rey (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae) is represented in the Palaearctic region by 156 species. In the study, Lobrathium (s. str.) thracicum sp. n. (Kırklareli) from Türkiye is described, figured, and distinguished from geographically closest congeners. The genus is now known to occurin Türkiye by 12 species, 10 of which are endemic to this country. Faunistic notes on nine species of the genus Lobrathium in Afghanistan, Albania, Azerbaijan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Cyprus, Czechia, Greece, France, Portugal, Russia, Slovenia, Spain, and Türkiye of the Palaearctic Region are presented. Two species that are taxonomically controversial, Lobrathium apicale (Baud di Selve, 1857) from Cyprus and Lobrathium. afghanicum Coiffait, 1979, synonym of Lobrathium triste (Cameron, 1924) from Afghanistan, are illustrated.
白莲属植物在古北区有蜚蠊156种(鞘翅目:蚜蝇科:姬蝇科)。在这项研究中，描述了来自 rkiye的Lobrathium (s. str.) thracicum sp. n. (Kırklareli)，并将其与地理上最接近的同系物区分开来。目前已知该属有12种基耶病毒，其中10种是该国特有的。介绍了分布在古北地区阿富汗、阿尔巴尼亚、阿塞拜疆、波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那、塞浦路斯、捷克、希腊、法国、葡萄牙、俄罗斯、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙和土耳其的九种Lobrathium属的动物类群记录。两个在分类学上有争议的种:来自塞浦路斯的Lobrathium apicale (Baud di Selve, 1857)和Lobrathium。图中为阿富汗产的Lobrathium triste (Cameron, 1924)的同义词afghanicum coffait(1979)。
{"title":"Palaearktik bölgedeki Lobrathium Mulsant & Rey, 1878 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae) cinsi üzerine II: Türkiye’den bir yeni tür ve bazı türler üzerinde faunistik notlar","authors":"Sinan ANLAŞ","doi":"10.16970/entoted.1277095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1277095","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Lobrathium Mulsant & Rey (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae) is represented in the Palaearctic region by 156 species. In the study, Lobrathium (s. str.) thracicum sp. n. (Kırklareli) from Türkiye is described, figured, and distinguished from geographically closest congeners. The genus is now known to occurin Türkiye by 12 species, 10 of which are endemic to this country. Faunistic notes on nine species of the genus Lobrathium in Afghanistan, Albania, Azerbaijan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Cyprus, Czechia, Greece, France, Portugal, Russia, Slovenia, Spain, and Türkiye of the Palaearctic Region are presented. Two species that are taxonomically controversial, Lobrathium apicale (Baud di Selve, 1857) from Cyprus and Lobrathium. afghanicum Coiffait, 1979, synonym of Lobrathium triste (Cameron, 1924) from Afghanistan, are illustrated.","PeriodicalId":49405,"journal":{"name":"Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidae) are obligatory phytophagous and many of them highly polyphagous pests and distributed almost all parts of the earth, especially temperature zone. Türkiye has a potential area for aphids because of its rich plant diversity and different climatic region. Most of the aphid species is specific to their host plant and both cause direct and indirect damages. So far, 654 aphid species have been determined on numerous host plants in Türkiye. As a result of the study conducted in Antalya, Karaman and Muğla provinces in Türkiye between March 2020 and September 2021, 12 aphid species were added to Türkiye aphidofauna. These species are Amphorophora urtica Essig, 1942 on Urtica dioica L., Aphis crepidis (Börner, 1940) on Crepis capillaris L. (Wallr.), Chaitophorus utahensis (Knowlton, 1928) on Salix sp., Monelliopsis caryae (Monell, 1879) on Juglans regia L., Doraphis populi (Maskell, 1898) on Populus sp., Eulachnus mediterraneus Binazzi, 1983 on Pinus sp., Metopolophium montanum Hille Ris Lambers, 1966 on Rosa sp., Protaphis echinopis (Hille Ris Lambers, 1948) on Echinops viscosus DC., Prociphilus erigeronensis (Thomas, 1879) on Cichorium sp., Sitobion leelamaniae (David, 1958) on Poa sp. and Triticum sp., Tiliaphis pseudoshinae Quednau, 1979 on Tilia sp. and Uroleucon iranicum Holman, 1980 on Gundelia tournefortii (L.). Türkiye aphidofauna has reached 666 species with this study. Detailed information of locality of new records are also given.
{"title":"Antalya, Karaman ve Muğla’dan belirlenen yeni kayıt afit (Hemiptera: Aphidoidae) türleri","authors":"Gazi GÖRÜR, Özhan ŞENOL, Hayal AKYILDIRIM BEĞEN, Gizem BAŞER, Bengisu Venhar AKÇAY","doi":"10.16970/entoted.1272814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1272814","url":null,"abstract":"Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidae) are obligatory phytophagous and many of them highly polyphagous pests and distributed almost all parts of the earth, especially temperature zone. Türkiye has a potential area for aphids because of its rich plant diversity and different climatic region. Most of the aphid species is specific to their host plant and both cause direct and indirect damages. So far, 654 aphid species have been determined on numerous host plants in Türkiye. As a result of the study conducted in Antalya, Karaman and Muğla provinces in Türkiye between March 2020 and September 2021, 12 aphid species were added to Türkiye aphidofauna. These species are Amphorophora urtica Essig, 1942 on Urtica dioica L., Aphis crepidis (Börner, 1940) on Crepis capillaris L. (Wallr.), Chaitophorus utahensis (Knowlton, 1928) on Salix sp., Monelliopsis caryae (Monell, 1879) on Juglans regia L., Doraphis populi (Maskell, 1898) on Populus sp., Eulachnus mediterraneus Binazzi, 1983 on Pinus sp., Metopolophium montanum Hille Ris Lambers, 1966 on Rosa sp., Protaphis echinopis (Hille Ris Lambers, 1948) on Echinops viscosus DC., Prociphilus erigeronensis (Thomas, 1879) on Cichorium sp., Sitobion leelamaniae (David, 1958) on Poa sp. and Triticum sp., Tiliaphis pseudoshinae Quednau, 1979 on Tilia sp. and Uroleucon iranicum Holman, 1980 on Gundelia tournefortii (L.). Türkiye aphidofauna has reached 666 species with this study. Detailed information of locality of new records are also given.","PeriodicalId":49405,"journal":{"name":"Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.16970/entoted.1345508
Tufan Can ULU
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) play a crucial role in biological control, but they can be also applied together with pesticides. Therefore, the compatibility of pesticides with EPNs and the influence on their behavior significantly affect field success. This study investigated how selected pesticides (Deltamethrin, Imidacloprid, Pendimethalin, 2,4-D, and Boscalid + Pyraclostrobin) affect the orientation behavior of three commercial EPN species. Trials were conducted using steel olfactometers followed by the assessment of EPN dispersal ratios after 24 hours. The study was conducted in the Laboratory of the Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University between 2022 and 2023. According to the results, while nearly all pesticides exhibited a significant impact on the dispersal behavior of EPNs, the most notable effects were observed in the trials involving 2,4-D and Imidacloprid. These two pesticides demonstrated both repellent and attractive effects on different EPN species. The impact of other pesticides was comparatively negligible. All EPN species exhibited higher orientation towards larvae than the control application. The orientation behavior displayed variations depending on the pesticide type and the EPN species involved. It is expected that this study will contribute to our understanding of the relationship between EPNs and pesticides, and ultimately enhancing the efficacy of EPNs.
昆虫病原线虫(EPNs)在生物防治中发挥着重要作用，但也可与农药联用。因此，农药与epn的相容性及其对其行为的影响对田间成功具有重要影响。本研究考察了杀虫剂(溴氰菊酯、吡虫啉、苯甲醚、2,4- d和Boscalid + Pyraclostrobin)对三种商品EPN定向行为的影响。试验使用钢制嗅探仪进行，随后在24小时后评估EPN的分散比率。该研究于2022年至2023年在Bilecik Şeyh Edebali大学农业与自然科学学院植物保护系实验室进行。结果表明，几乎所有农药对EPNs的扩散行为都有显著影响，但以2,4- d和吡虫啉的影响最为显著。两种农药对不同的EPN有驱避和吸引作用。其他杀虫剂的影响相对可以忽略不计。所有EPN种对幼虫的取向均高于对照。定向行为随农药种类和EPN种类的不同而不同。期望本研究有助于我们进一步了解epn与农药的关系，并最终提高epn的药效。
{"title":"Bazı pestisitlerin entomopatojen nematodların (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae ve Steinernematidae) yönelimleri üzerine etkisi","authors":"Tufan Can ULU","doi":"10.16970/entoted.1345508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1345508","url":null,"abstract":"Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) play a crucial role in biological control, but they can be also applied together with pesticides. Therefore, the compatibility of pesticides with EPNs and the influence on their behavior significantly affect field success. This study investigated how selected pesticides (Deltamethrin, Imidacloprid, Pendimethalin, 2,4-D, and Boscalid + Pyraclostrobin) affect the orientation behavior of three commercial EPN species. Trials were conducted using steel olfactometers followed by the assessment of EPN dispersal ratios after 24 hours. The study was conducted in the Laboratory of the Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University between 2022 and 2023. According to the results, while nearly all pesticides exhibited a significant impact on the dispersal behavior of EPNs, the most notable effects were observed in the trials involving 2,4-D and Imidacloprid. These two pesticides demonstrated both repellent and attractive effects on different EPN species. The impact of other pesticides was comparatively negligible. All EPN species exhibited higher orientation towards larvae than the control application. The orientation behavior displayed variations depending on the pesticide type and the EPN species involved. It is expected that this study will contribute to our understanding of the relationship between EPNs and pesticides, and ultimately enhancing the efficacy of EPNs.","PeriodicalId":49405,"journal":{"name":"Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.16970/entoted.1255505
Asiye UZUN YİĞİT
Abstract In this study, the effectiveness of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Deuteromycota: Hyphomycetes) isolates on Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae) was determined with Petri and pot experiments in laboratory and climate room conditions by applying spore suspension and culture filtrate in Isparta University of Applied Sciences of in 2022. In the Petri experiment, the spore suspensions (1x106, 1x107, and 1x108 spore/ml) and culture filtrates (1X, 5X, 10X) of BIM-001 and BY2 isolates of B. bassiana were sprayed in the form of mist for 10 seconds at a speed of 3 m/s onto leaf discs in Petri which included ten adult individuals. In the pot experiment, the same treatments were conducted with the same application method in the Petri experiment on single-leaf plants in pots. In the Petri and pot experiments, the difference between the mortality rates in the 108 spore/ml dose of BIM-001 and BY2 (64.00±4.52 and 42.00±2.49%, 58.00±2.91 and 41.00±2.77%, respectively) was significant on the 7th observation day. In the pure culture filtrate treatments, the mortality rates in the BIM-001 and BY2 were 73.00±2.13 - 68.00±3.59% and 60.00±3.65 -57.00±5.17% respectively in the Petri and pot experiments. BIM-001 and BY2 culture filtrate in both Petri and pot experiments (1X) applications were not statistically significant. The BIM-001 isolate of B. bassiana was more effective than the BY2 isolate treatment against adult females of T. urticae both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, it is thought that the culture filtrate of B. bassiana BIM-001 isolate is considered to have potential for the control of two-spotted spider mites.
{"title":"Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Deuteromycota: Hyphomycetes) izolatlarının spor süspansiyonu ve kültür filtratının farklı koşullarda Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae) üzerindeki etkinliği","authors":"Asiye UZUN YİĞİT","doi":"10.16970/entoted.1255505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1255505","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, the effectiveness of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Deuteromycota: Hyphomycetes) isolates on Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae) was determined with Petri and pot experiments in laboratory and climate room conditions by applying spore suspension and culture filtrate in Isparta University of Applied Sciences of in 2022. In the Petri experiment, the spore suspensions (1x106, 1x107, and 1x108 spore/ml) and culture filtrates (1X, 5X, 10X) of BIM-001 and BY2 isolates of B. bassiana were sprayed in the form of mist for 10 seconds at a speed of 3 m/s onto leaf discs in Petri which included ten adult individuals. In the pot experiment, the same treatments were conducted with the same application method in the Petri experiment on single-leaf plants in pots. In the Petri and pot experiments, the difference between the mortality rates in the 108 spore/ml dose of BIM-001 and BY2 (64.00±4.52 and 42.00±2.49%, 58.00±2.91 and 41.00±2.77%, respectively) was significant on the 7th observation day. In the pure culture filtrate treatments, the mortality rates in the BIM-001 and BY2 were 73.00±2.13 - 68.00±3.59% and 60.00±3.65 -57.00±5.17% respectively in the Petri and pot experiments. BIM-001 and BY2 culture filtrate in both Petri and pot experiments (1X) applications were not statistically significant. The BIM-001 isolate of B. bassiana was more effective than the BY2 isolate treatment against adult females of T. urticae both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, it is thought that the culture filtrate of B. bassiana BIM-001 isolate is considered to have potential for the control of two-spotted spider mites.","PeriodicalId":49405,"journal":{"name":"Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.16970/entoted.1337346
Mahir BUDAK
Insects are well adapted organisms to the terrestrial life on Earth. The evolution of the odorant receptor family is one of the causes underpinning this remarkable adaptation. Odorant receptors (ORs) sense aromas in the environment and cause the insect to respond. The ability of phytophagous insects to detect odor signals from their hosts is crucial for mating, oviposition, and feeding. The family of odorant receptor genes in Cephidae, pest on some economically important plants, is little understood. Bioinformatic tools were used to analyze the genomic data of the two pest species, Syrista parreyssii (Spinola, 1843) (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) (a rose pest) and Pachycephus smyrnensis J.P.E.F. Stein, 1876 (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), (a poppy pest), to determine their odorant receptors. The whole genome sequencing of P. smyrnensis collected in Sivas in 2020 was performed by next generation sequencing and short reads of S. parreyssii genome were obtained from previous studies. Following bioinformatic analyses, 67 and 82 putative odorant receptor genes were identified and annotated for P. smyrnensis and S. parreyssii, respectively. The ORs of these two species were found to be organized as repetitive genes in five separate clusters. No species-specific OR genes were identified in any of the investigated species. As a result, it was hypothesized that host specificity was acquired through the combined effect of multiple ORs.
{"title":"Identification of odorant receptor protein genes in two Cephid stem borers (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) by high-throughput sequencing","authors":"Mahir BUDAK","doi":"10.16970/entoted.1337346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1337346","url":null,"abstract":"Insects are well adapted organisms to the terrestrial life on Earth. The evolution of the odorant receptor family is one of the causes underpinning this remarkable adaptation. Odorant receptors (ORs) sense aromas in the environment and cause the insect to respond. The ability of phytophagous insects to detect odor signals from their hosts is crucial for mating, oviposition, and feeding. The family of odorant receptor genes in Cephidae, pest on some economically important plants, is little understood. Bioinformatic tools were used to analyze the genomic data of the two pest species, Syrista parreyssii (Spinola, 1843) (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) (a rose pest) and Pachycephus smyrnensis J.P.E.F. Stein, 1876 (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), (a poppy pest), to determine their odorant receptors. The whole genome sequencing of P. smyrnensis collected in Sivas in 2020 was performed by next generation sequencing and short reads of S. parreyssii genome were obtained from previous studies. Following bioinformatic analyses, 67 and 82 putative odorant receptor genes were identified and annotated for P. smyrnensis and S. parreyssii, respectively. The ORs of these two species were found to be organized as repetitive genes in five separate clusters. No species-specific OR genes were identified in any of the investigated species. As a result, it was hypothesized that host specificity was acquired through the combined effect of multiple ORs.","PeriodicalId":49405,"journal":{"name":"Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136345258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.16970/entoted.1207868
Nazlı CANVERDİ, Gonca ÖZMEN ÖZBAKIR, Soner ÇANKAYA, Muzaffer DUMAN, Ümit KAYABOYNU, Fatih YILMAZ, Hasan ESE, Belgin GÜNBEY
In the study, some characteristics of honey bee queens, Apis mellifera caucasica Gorbachev, 1916 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), reared at two different altitudes (140 m vs 920 m) and three rearing seasons (May, June-I, June-II) in 2019-2020 were examined in Ordu. These are larvae grafting, length of the queen cell, weight of queens at various periods, and spermathecae parameters of queens. One-day old 50 larvae were grafted at each period and altitude. The effect of period and period*altitude interaction on the weight at emergence of queen was significant (p<0.001) while the effect of altitude and year was nonsignificant. Weights at emergence of queens were lower in May at high altitudes and in June-II at low altitudes. The effects of year, period and altitude were significant (p<0.001) in the terms of the diameter and volume of the spermathecae, and the number of spermatozoa in the spermathecae. When the two-year data was evaluated together, the number of spermatozoa in the spermathecae was higher in the queen bees reared in May. It is recommended to pay attention to the period and altitude when pollen and nectar flow is intense in queen rearing in Ordu and similar climatic conditions.
{"title":"The effects of altitude and rearing period on some characteristics of honey bee queens, Apis mellifera caucasica Gorbachev, 1916 (Hymenoptera: Apidae)","authors":"Nazlı CANVERDİ, Gonca ÖZMEN ÖZBAKIR, Soner ÇANKAYA, Muzaffer DUMAN, Ümit KAYABOYNU, Fatih YILMAZ, Hasan ESE, Belgin GÜNBEY","doi":"10.16970/entoted.1207868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1207868","url":null,"abstract":"In the study, some characteristics of honey bee queens, Apis mellifera caucasica Gorbachev, 1916 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), reared at two different altitudes (140 m vs 920 m) and three rearing seasons (May, June-I, June-II) in 2019-2020 were examined in Ordu. These are larvae grafting, length of the queen cell, weight of queens at various periods, and spermathecae parameters of queens. One-day old 50 larvae were grafted at each period and altitude. The effect of period and period*altitude interaction on the weight at emergence of queen was significant (p&lt;0.001) while the effect of altitude and year was nonsignificant. Weights at emergence of queens were lower in May at high altitudes and in June-II at low altitudes. The effects of year, period and altitude were significant (p&lt;0.001) in the terms of the diameter and volume of the spermathecae, and the number of spermatozoa in the spermathecae. When the two-year data was evaluated together, the number of spermatozoa in the spermathecae was higher in the queen bees reared in May. It is recommended to pay attention to the period and altitude when pollen and nectar flow is intense in queen rearing in Ordu and similar climatic conditions.","PeriodicalId":49405,"journal":{"name":"Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136345937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.16970/entoted.1273612
Berkant İsmail YILDIZ, Emel TÜTEN, Sinan AYDIN, Yaprak KARADUMAN ASLAN, Ramazan ÇETİN, Erdem SUR, Kemal KARABAĞ
The Caucasian honeybee, Apis mellifera caucasica Pollmann, 1889 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), is one of the most productive bee subspecies. This subspecies, which has special importance for Türkiye, has been taken under protection in two isolated regions (Artvin and Ardahan) since 2000. To date, no study has been conducted on whether genetic diversity has decreased in these protected Caucasian honeybee colonies. Therefore in 2022, worker bees were collected from 100 different colonies in 15 different locations in these two regions and their genetic variations were examined using 30 microsatellite loci. The average number of alleles per locus was 13.57, and the loci had a high level of information content according to the PIC (0.7) value. FIS (0.96) and FST (0.01) values showed low genetic diversity and high inbreeding in populations. Genetic variations were calculated as 0.77% among populations, 99.23% among individuals in populations, and 0% among all individuals. Also, populations deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p<0.001). Significant bottleneck evidence was found for Artvin in the analysis results using the two-phase mutation model. These results provide important information that can be used as a guide for Caucasian bee breeding strategies and conservation programs.
{"title":"İzole bölgelerde korunan Kafkas arısı, Apis mellifera caucasica Pollmann, 1889 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) popülasyonunda genetik varyasyonun azalıp azalmadığına dair bir çalışma","authors":"Berkant İsmail YILDIZ, Emel TÜTEN, Sinan AYDIN, Yaprak KARADUMAN ASLAN, Ramazan ÇETİN, Erdem SUR, Kemal KARABAĞ","doi":"10.16970/entoted.1273612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1273612","url":null,"abstract":"The Caucasian honeybee, Apis mellifera caucasica Pollmann, 1889 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), is one of the most productive bee subspecies. This subspecies, which has special importance for Türkiye, has been taken under protection in two isolated regions (Artvin and Ardahan) since 2000. To date, no study has been conducted on whether genetic diversity has decreased in these protected Caucasian honeybee colonies. Therefore in 2022, worker bees were collected from 100 different colonies in 15 different locations in these two regions and their genetic variations were examined using 30 microsatellite loci. The average number of alleles per locus was 13.57, and the loci had a high level of information content according to the PIC (0.7) value. FIS (0.96) and FST (0.01) values showed low genetic diversity and high inbreeding in populations. Genetic variations were calculated as 0.77% among populations, 99.23% among individuals in populations, and 0% among all individuals. Also, populations deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p&lt;0.001). Significant bottleneck evidence was found for Artvin in the analysis results using the two-phase mutation model. These results provide important information that can be used as a guide for Caucasian bee breeding strategies and conservation programs.","PeriodicalId":49405,"journal":{"name":"Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135866619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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