Pub Date : 2022-07-11DOI: 10.1080/00396265.2022.2097998
K. Hastaoglu, Hacer Sura Kapicioglu, Y. Gül, F. Poyraz
In this study, the effect of the height difference, geometry, and number of GCPs on the positional accuracy of point cloud was investigated in UAV photogrammetry. It has been determined that the topographic change of the study area, the geometric structure of GCPs, and the distance between GCPs are the most important factors in GCP network design. It was observed that the GCP network design is more important than the number of GCPs in the UAV Photogrammetry method to increase the positional accuracy.
{"title":"Investigation of the effect of height difference and geometry of GCP on position accuracy of point cloud in UAV photogrammetry","authors":"K. Hastaoglu, Hacer Sura Kapicioglu, Y. Gül, F. Poyraz","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2022.2097998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2022.2097998","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effect of the height difference, geometry, and number of GCPs on the positional accuracy of point cloud was investigated in UAV photogrammetry. It has been determined that the topographic change of the study area, the geometric structure of GCPs, and the distance between GCPs are the most important factors in GCP network design. It was observed that the GCP network design is more important than the number of GCPs in the UAV Photogrammetry method to increase the positional accuracy.","PeriodicalId":49459,"journal":{"name":"Survey Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"325 - 337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45692670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-11DOI: 10.1080/00396265.2022.2091876
M. Zygmunt, R. Szewczyk, Jacek Gniadek, J. Janus
Automatic determination of shape parameters is still a current issue due to the dynamic development of technologies requiring image or geometric data analysis. The research described in this paper presents a new approach to the estimation of shape elongation and the calculation of lengths of shapes whose boundaries may be represented by polygons. The proposed algorithm is based on the Delaunay triangulation. The new approach may play a significant role in practical applications concerning spatial pattern analysis, land fragmentation and efficiency of projects focused on land consolidation and landscape fragmentation analysis.
{"title":"New approach to shape elongation estimation based on the Delaunay triangulation","authors":"M. Zygmunt, R. Szewczyk, Jacek Gniadek, J. Janus","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2022.2091876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2022.2091876","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic determination of shape parameters is still a current issue due to the dynamic development of technologies requiring image or geometric data analysis. The research described in this paper presents a new approach to the estimation of shape elongation and the calculation of lengths of shapes whose boundaries may be represented by polygons. The proposed algorithm is based on the Delaunay triangulation. The new approach may play a significant role in practical applications concerning spatial pattern analysis, land fragmentation and efficiency of projects focused on land consolidation and landscape fragmentation analysis.","PeriodicalId":49459,"journal":{"name":"Survey Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"297 - 307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42069085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-11DOI: 10.1080/00396265.2022.2096340
Chun-Jia Huang, Jen-Yu Han
Geoid undulation model is typically used for the conversion between GNSS obtained ellipsoidal heights and their orthometric counterparts. In this study, an adaptive approach for optimizing regional geoid model based on global geoid model and local GNSS/leveling measurements is presented. A rigorous sequential least squares approach coupled with an adjustable criterion is used for identifying appropriate observables so that an optimized model that fulfills a predefined quality level can be automatically produced. It has been demonstrated that a city scale geoid undulation model with a quality level around ± 14 can be obtained by applying the proposed approach.
{"title":"An adaptive approach to optimise regional geoid undulation model for engineering applications","authors":"Chun-Jia Huang, Jen-Yu Han","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2022.2096340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2022.2096340","url":null,"abstract":"Geoid undulation model is typically used for the conversion between GNSS obtained ellipsoidal heights and their orthometric counterparts. In this study, an adaptive approach for optimizing regional geoid model based on global geoid model and local GNSS/leveling measurements is presented. A rigorous sequential least squares approach coupled with an adjustable criterion is used for identifying appropriate observables so that an optimized model that fulfills a predefined quality level can be automatically produced. It has been demonstrated that a city scale geoid undulation model with a quality level around ± 14 can be obtained by applying the proposed approach.","PeriodicalId":49459,"journal":{"name":"Survey Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"308 - 324"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47161308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.1080/00396265.2022.2089822
F. Wu, J. Zhao, J. Xue, D. Li
Due to the highly dynamic changes of the environment, the frequent loss of signal will seriously reduce the accuracy of realtime dynamic positioning. Meanwhile, the ambiguity resolution for medium/long baseline is more affected by atmospheric delay. To solve this problem, an Inertial Navigation System (INS) assisted Beidou Navigation System (BDS) medium/long baseline partial ambiguity resolution (PAR) method is designed. Firstly, constructing the BDS/INS tight integrated system that uses INS provided initial information to ambiguity resolution when the signal outages. Secondly, the atmospheric delay constraint is introduced to improve the precision of float ambiguity. Finally, the PAR based on the elevation angle information is applied to enhance fixed speed and accuracy. The vehicle experiments show that the proposed algorithm can quickly fix the ambiguity of medium/long baseline when the satellite signal outages for a short time, and improve the positioning accuracy of medium/long baseline in the dynamic environment.
{"title":"Ambiguity resolution method using BDS/INS model","authors":"F. Wu, J. Zhao, J. Xue, D. Li","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2022.2089822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2022.2089822","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the highly dynamic changes of the environment, the frequent loss of signal will seriously reduce the accuracy of realtime dynamic positioning. Meanwhile, the ambiguity resolution for medium/long baseline is more affected by atmospheric delay. To solve this problem, an Inertial Navigation System (INS) assisted Beidou Navigation System (BDS) medium/long baseline partial ambiguity resolution (PAR) method is designed. Firstly, constructing the BDS/INS tight integrated system that uses INS provided initial information to ambiguity resolution when the signal outages. Secondly, the atmospheric delay constraint is introduced to improve the precision of float ambiguity. Finally, the PAR based on the elevation angle information is applied to enhance fixed speed and accuracy. The vehicle experiments show that the proposed algorithm can quickly fix the ambiguity of medium/long baseline when the satellite signal outages for a short time, and improve the positioning accuracy of medium/long baseline in the dynamic environment.","PeriodicalId":49459,"journal":{"name":"Survey Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"274 - 284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47684461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.1080/00396265.2022.2089823
T. Yeh, H. Shih, Chuan-Sheng Wang, T. Lien
Taiwan completed construction of GNSS reference stations for the network-based RTK system in 2007. The legal mode of operation used in Taiwan requires that each point be repeatedly observed for at least two observation sets separated by 60 min. This study presents a simplified field operating procedure, which measures 10 epochs of fixed solutions during each observation set and reinitializes observations 10 times. In addition, the national and local network-based RTK system were used. The average horizontal positioning accuracies were 1-3. Finally, a workflow is presented for using the network-based RTK to measure the control points in cadastral surveys.
{"title":"Establishment of Taiwan’s standard operating procedure for network-based RTK in cadastral surveying","authors":"T. Yeh, H. Shih, Chuan-Sheng Wang, T. Lien","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2022.2089823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2022.2089823","url":null,"abstract":"Taiwan completed construction of GNSS reference stations for the network-based RTK system in 2007. The legal mode of operation used in Taiwan requires that each point be repeatedly observed for at least two observation sets separated by 60 min. This study presents a simplified field operating procedure, which measures 10 epochs of fixed solutions during each observation set and reinitializes observations 10 times. In addition, the national and local network-based RTK system were used. The average horizontal positioning accuracies were 1-3. Finally, a workflow is presented for using the network-based RTK to measure the control points in cadastral surveys.","PeriodicalId":49459,"journal":{"name":"Survey Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"285 - 296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41408314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-21DOI: 10.1080/00396265.2022.2088016
W. Featherstone, R. Goyal
We describe the [somewhat tedious] process of digitising from a 1955 report that lists over 1000 vertical deflections in India and some surrounding countries. It involved error-checking with closed-loop tests and resolution of an ambiguity surrounding the meridional vertical deflection at the Kalianpur origin of the datum. We transformed these Kalianpur coordinates to geodetic coordinates on geocentric datum to compute absolute vertical deflections. However, due to many changes to the Everest spheroid due to different feet to metre conversions and readjustments of the Kalianpur datum, we were restricted to using the abridged Molodensky transformation parameters for the 1975 Kalianpur datum and Everest 1956 spheroid based on only seven common points from the WGS84 technical manual. We compared these transformed absolute vertical deflections with EGM2008 and GGMplus (for both models: meridional standard deviation: ∼±2″; prime vertical standard deviation: ∼±3″), showing that the effort of digitisation and scrutiny of historical geodetic data is indeed worthwhile.
{"title":"Digitisation and analysis of historical vertical deflections in India","authors":"W. Featherstone, R. Goyal","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2022.2088016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2022.2088016","url":null,"abstract":"We describe the [somewhat tedious] process of digitising from a 1955 report that lists over 1000 vertical deflections in India and some surrounding countries. It involved error-checking with closed-loop tests and resolution of an ambiguity surrounding the meridional vertical deflection at the Kalianpur origin of the datum. We transformed these Kalianpur coordinates to geodetic coordinates on geocentric datum to compute absolute vertical deflections. However, due to many changes to the Everest spheroid due to different feet to metre conversions and readjustments of the Kalianpur datum, we were restricted to using the abridged Molodensky transformation parameters for the 1975 Kalianpur datum and Everest 1956 spheroid based on only seven common points from the WGS84 technical manual. We compared these transformed absolute vertical deflections with EGM2008 and GGMplus (for both models: meridional standard deviation: ∼±2″; prime vertical standard deviation: ∼±3″), showing that the effort of digitisation and scrutiny of historical geodetic data is indeed worthwhile.","PeriodicalId":49459,"journal":{"name":"Survey Review","volume":"71 1","pages":"268 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59287425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To assess the precise point positioning performance of the new BDS signals, the observation data of 56 MGEX stations for 30 consecutive days were used to carry out dual-frequency PPP experiments. The positioning results showed that the best positioning performance could be achieved with CODE precise products, followed by IAC, GFZ, and WHU products, with SHA products performing the worst. For Ionosphere-free and undifferenced and uncombined models, the performance of the two was comparable. In addition, our study indicated that station location and time were not the main factors affecting the performance of BDS-3 PPP.
{"title":"Performance analysis of BDS B1C/B2a PPP using different models and MGEX products","authors":"Mengfei Sun, Li Liu, Wei Yan, Jian Liu, Tong Liu, Guochang Xu","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2022.2081013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2022.2081013","url":null,"abstract":"To assess the precise point positioning performance of the new BDS signals, the observation data of 56 MGEX stations for 30 consecutive days were used to carry out dual-frequency PPP experiments. The positioning results showed that the best positioning performance could be achieved with CODE precise products, followed by IAC, GFZ, and WHU products, with SHA products performing the worst. For Ionosphere-free and undifferenced and uncombined models, the performance of the two was comparable. In addition, our study indicated that station location and time were not the main factors affecting the performance of BDS-3 PPP.","PeriodicalId":49459,"journal":{"name":"Survey Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"192 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43741172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-02DOI: 10.1080/00396265.2022.2081776
Blaženka Bukač, Ivan Razumović, N. Rožić
The Croatian height transformation model (HTMV) enables the transformation of absolute heights of discrete points with known horizontal positions from the Trieste 1875 reference system used throughout the former Republic of Yugoslavia and in Croatia known as HVRS1875 to the new height reference system of the Republic of Croatia (HVRS71) and vice versa. The HTMV is realised as a grid transformation model based on separate modelling of datum and distortion components comprised in height differences. The quality of the transformation model is assessed by comparing the difference in height values at benchmarks that were not used in the model derivation against height differences at the benchmark locations interpolated from the model. The results indicate a high external and internal accuracy of the transformation process, which points to the adequacy of the HTMV utilisation for engineering purposes.
{"title":"Accuracy assessment of the Croatian height transformation model","authors":"Blaženka Bukač, Ivan Razumović, N. Rožić","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2022.2081776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2022.2081776","url":null,"abstract":"The Croatian height transformation model (HTMV) enables the transformation of absolute heights of discrete points with known horizontal positions from the Trieste 1875 reference system used throughout the former Republic of Yugoslavia and in Croatia known as HVRS1875 to the new height reference system of the Republic of Croatia (HVRS71) and vice versa. The HTMV is realised as a grid transformation model based on separate modelling of datum and distortion components comprised in height differences. The quality of the transformation model is assessed by comparing the difference in height values at benchmarks that were not used in the model derivation against height differences at the benchmark locations interpolated from the model. The results indicate a high external and internal accuracy of the transformation process, which points to the adequacy of the HTMV utilisation for engineering purposes.","PeriodicalId":49459,"journal":{"name":"Survey Review","volume":"55 1","pages":"260 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47627260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00396265.2021.1924967
Chao Yan, Qing Wang, Bo Zhang, Jiujing Xu, Hao Zhang
GNSS signals are affected when solar activity causes sudden variations in the density of the ionosphere. Few studies concentrate on positioning performance of IGS stations using different GNSS receivers under different geomagnetic storm conditions. This paper for the first time presents IF and UC PPP positioning performance of stations with different receivers during the quiet, moderate, intense, and super storms period. Firstly, a comprehensive investigation of geomagnetic storms effects on the occurrence of GPS cycle-slip and PPP positioning performance have been presented. Secondly, the influences of geomagnetic storms on the occurrence of cycle-slip and IF PPP positioning performance for stations using receivers provided by ‘JAVAD’, ‘LEICA’, and ‘TRIMBLE’ manufacturers have been comprehensively studied. Finally, this study investigates the geomagnetic storms effects on IF PPP positioning performance of stations using receiver types ‘JAVAD TRE_G3TH DELTA’, ‘JAVAD TRE_3 DELTA’, ‘LEICA GR25’, and ‘TRIMBLE NETR9’ by analysing observed data collected at mid-latitude region.
{"title":"Assessing the positioning performance of GNSS receivers under different geomagnetic storm conditions","authors":"Chao Yan, Qing Wang, Bo Zhang, Jiujing Xu, Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1080/00396265.2021.1924967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2021.1924967","url":null,"abstract":"GNSS signals are affected when solar activity causes sudden variations in the density of the ionosphere. Few studies concentrate on positioning performance of IGS stations using different GNSS receivers under different geomagnetic storm conditions. This paper for the first time presents IF and UC PPP positioning performance of stations with different receivers during the quiet, moderate, intense, and super storms period. Firstly, a comprehensive investigation of geomagnetic storms effects on the occurrence of GPS cycle-slip and PPP positioning performance have been presented. Secondly, the influences of geomagnetic storms on the occurrence of cycle-slip and IF PPP positioning performance for stations using receivers provided by ‘JAVAD’, ‘LEICA’, and ‘TRIMBLE’ manufacturers have been comprehensively studied. Finally, this study investigates the geomagnetic storms effects on IF PPP positioning performance of stations using receiver types ‘JAVAD TRE_G3TH DELTA’, ‘JAVAD TRE_3 DELTA’, ‘LEICA GR25’, and ‘TRIMBLE NETR9’ by analysing observed data collected at mid-latitude region.","PeriodicalId":49459,"journal":{"name":"Survey Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"254 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00396265.2021.1924967","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59287043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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